CN101525551A

CN101525551A - Method for preparing biofuel by using flue gases as raw materials

Info

Publication number: CN101525551A
Application number: CN200810034266A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 饶文涛; 饶宝其
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-03-05
Filing date: 2008-03-05
Publication date: 2009-09-09

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse gas emission reduction and biofuels and relates to a method for preparing a biofuel by using fuel gases as raw materials. Fuel gases emitted in large volume from power plants, steel plants and the like are used as the raw materials for producing the biofuel; in a specially designed bioreactor with light irradiation, rich carbon dioxide in the fuel gases are absorbed by seaweed through photosynthesis, and culture fluid is added at the same time to allow the seaweed to grow rapidly; and the produced seaweed can be converted to biodiesel and other fuels. The technology not only achieves the aims of dramatically reducing the carbon dioxide in the fuel gases and rapidly culturing a large amount of seaweed at low cost, but also solves the problems of greenhouse gas emission reduction and biofuel shortage. The method can be used as greenhouse gas emission reduction technology and used for producing biofuel oil containing seaweed as a by-product to obtain a biofuel for producing biodiesel at the same time in industries continuously emitting carbon dioxide containing flue gases, such as power plants, iron plants, and building material and cement industries.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing stack gas for the feedstock production biofuel

Technical field

Patent of the present invention belongs to reduction of greenhouse gas discharge and bioenergy preparing technical field.

Background technology

The fuel structure of China is mainly based on coal, in the industrial trade as the fuel of power plant, Steel Plant mainly based on the derived prods fuel of coal or coal, burning produces a large amount of flue gases, contains a large amount of greenhouse gases in the flue gas, as carbonic acid gas, cause the Greenhouse effect in the whole world.But there is not otherwise effective technique can reduce the Carbon emission that produces owing to fossil oils such as coal combustion at present, at present the major technique that adopts comprises: the carbonic acid gas landfill is advanced the waste oil well or with carbon dioxide separation in the flue gas, as the patent (application number: 90109635.0) etc., remove CO in the gaseous mixture that " from gaseous mixture, removes carbonic acid gas " by using vanadate solution ₂Method, be applicable to the CO that removes in Sweet natural gas, synthetic gas and the refining of petroleum gas ₂These technology just shift greenhouse gases, can not substantively reduce greenhouse gases.

Biofuel has starting material and can regenerate in a short time, can arrange or not arrange environmental protection characteristics such as carbonic acid gas after the burning less, receive greatly to pursue in American-European developed country, European Union proposes biofuel usage ratio in 2010 will account for more than 6% of traffic fuel oil overall proportion, the U.S. then proposes the year two thousand twenty, biofuel will account for 20% of traffic fuel oil overall proportion, China implemented " renewable energy resources method " from 2006, encourage the production and the use of the renewable energy resources, expect the year two thousand twenty biofuel consumption and account for about 15% of whole traffic fuel, this shows biofuel is had huge demand, but the production of biofuel originally is mainly based on grain, as corn, sugarcane etc., not only to occupy cultivated land and rob raw material, and will consume a large amount of water with agricultural, produce thing fuel with grain and have the raw material sources deficiency, cause problems such as water resources anxiety, become the bottleneck of restriction biofuel development.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of patent of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of can utilize greenhouse gases carbonic acid gas in the stack gas as the raw material of the biofuel of producing in order to overcome the defective that above-mentioned technology exists, utilize custom-designed illumination reaction technology, realize reducing significantly carbonic acid gas in the flue gas and the method for mass production oil-containing marine alga fast, solved the problem of reduction of greenhouse gas discharge and biofuel insufficient raw material simultaneously.

The purpose of patent of the present invention can realize by the following technical solutions: a kind of method of utilizing stack gas for the feedstock production biofuel, be characterized in utilizing power plant, the stack gas of a large amount of dischargings such as Steel Plant, supply source as carbonic acid gas continuous blow-down, obtain to be rich in the stack gas of carbonic acid gas by the back that lowers the temperature, send into special illumination bio-reactor, reactor is formed by a lot of unit combination, marine alga can be placed in each unit, water, output and purposes requirement according to the biofuel of producing, marine alga can be conventional marine alga or the special kinds that optimizes, simultaneously can feed stack gas, the illumination bio-reactor has big as far as possible light application ratio surface-area, guarantee that each unit can finish photosynthesis, irradiation is advanced the intensity of sunlight of illumination reaction device and can be regulated according to the photosynthetic needs of marine alga, in the process of growth of marine alga, can add nutrient solution, the composition of nutrient solution also can be regulated according to the growth cycle of marine alga, the stack gas bright dipping is according to behind the bio-reactor, carbonic acid gas wherein can reduce more than 40%, marine alga can periodical reaping, then as required, handle respectively.

This technology has not only realized reducing significantly carbonic acid gas and low-cost a large amount of fast target of culturing the oil-containing marine alga in the flue gas, has solved the problem of reduction of greenhouse gas discharge and biofuel insufficient raw material simultaneously.

Figure utilizes the technical process explanation of stack gas for the feedstock production biofuel.

Below in conjunction with figure patent of the present invention is described further.

Will be from the flue gas of chimney 1, flue gas can be the flue gas (fuel can be Sweet natural gas, coal etc.) of power plant, can be the flue gas (as sinter machine, hotblast stove, heater for rolling steel etc.) of Steel Plant, the concentration of carbon dioxide scope can be between 2%～20% in the flue gas.

Flue gas enters stack gas and introduces passage 2, enter gas cooler 3 then, cool to normal temperature, cooling apparatus can be the custom-designed water cooler of doing working medium by water, also waste-heat recovery device can be installed earlier, the waste heat that reclaims can generate electricity or prepare hot water, and the flue gas that is lower than 100 degree is being cooled to normal temperature by water cooler, the CO that adopts inlet flue gas composition detection instrument 4 to detect in the flue gas then ₂And NO _XContent, the size of the flow of flue gas can be regulated by flow control valve 5, the illumination bio-reactor 6 then, the illumination bio-reactor needs light source 8, the intensity of light source can be regulated by illumination setter 7, illumination bio-reactor 6 is combined by many small unit (test tube), each makes the area that marine alga contacts with carbonic acid gas and sunlight and the specific surface area of illumination reaction device can reach more than 1000, preferred marine alga is housed in all in each unit, marine alga also can be to be of a size of little algae of 30 microns, marine alga is invaded and ducks in drink, water quality does not have special requirement, it can be process water, add nutrient solution in the water by special formulated, water, the temperature of the mixed solution of nutritive medium etc. can be detected by temperature monitor 11, sunlight is shining into the illumination reaction unit by the illumination reaction device, marine alga in each unit of illumination reaction device, water, nutrient solution and carbonated flue gas are under the irradiation of light, photosynthesis takes place in marine alga, absorb carbonic acid gas in the flue gas, under the effect of nutrient solution, accelerating growth, the prescription of nutrient solution can be changed along with the residing growth cycle of marine alga, after marine alga grows into to a certain degree, begin harvesting, the cycle of harvesting and the output of marine alga have dependency, can be by the output of optimization and improvement marine alga, the flue gas bright dipping is discharged according to behind the reactor, and concentration of carbon dioxide reduces by 40% in the flue gas, the concentration of NOx reduces by 86%, and the system throughput of marine alga can reach 80g/m ²/ d, flue gas is discharged the illumination bio-reactor then, and 9 pairs of compositions of discharging flue gas of composition detection device detect, and then collect the marine alga of system's 6 growths, repeat above process and can obtain successive marine alga amount, and the freezer compartment gas flue gas that significantly reduces of carbon dioxide content.

Description of drawings

Figure is to be the process flow sheet of raw material production marine alga with stack gas

Chimney 1 stack gas is introduced pipeline 10 temperature monitors 11 that passage 2 gas coolers 3 inlet flue gas composition detection instrument 4 flue gas flow variable valve 5 illumination bio-reactors 6 illumination setters 7 light sources 8 outlet smoke components detectors 9 are equipped with marine alga and water

Specific embodiment

Concrete implementation process is for obtaining by special flue gas generation systems, the consistent flue gas of smoke components with Steel Plant's process furnace, the content of carbonic acid gas can allow fluctuation between 2～20%, flue gas is cooled to normal temperature by water cooler, enter the illumination bio-reactor of sealing, the illumination bio-reactor is made up of many unit pipeline, can realize that the area that marine alga contacts with sunlight and the volume ratio of illumination bio-reactor reach 1000m ²/ m ³More than, pipeline the inside, unit is furnished with marine alga, be connected with water simultaneously, water can be process water, the illumination bio-reactor places under the sunlight, the intensity of illumination can be by special illumination setter control, in the process of marine alga growth, add the nutrient solution of different ingredients according to the difference of its growth cycle, marine alga nutrient solution pH value is between 6.5-7.8, marine alga is disposed in custom-designed after marine alga grows into to a certain degree, begin harvesting, the cycle of harvesting and the output of marine alga have dependency, can be by the output of optimization and improvement marine alga, above system moved more than two weeks, and the target output of marine alga can reach 80g/m ²/ d, the flue gas bright dipping is discharged according to behind the reactor, and concentration of carbon dioxide reduces by 40% in the flue gas, and the concentration of NOx reduces by 86%.

Claims

1, a kind of method of utilizing stack gas to prepare biofuel, it is characterized in that: utilize power plant or Steel Plant's discharged flue gas, after overcooling as carbonic acid gas continuous blow-down source, by in the illumination bio-reactor of custom-designed sealing, marine alga in flue gas and the water issues third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse cooperation usefulness in the irradiation of light, marine alga absorbs the carbonic acid gas in the flue gas, and the nutrient solution of absorption interpolation, be implemented in growth fast in the illumination bio-reactor, refine acquisition seaweed bio fuel by regular collection, flue gas is absorbed through wherein carbonic acid gas behind the illumination bio-reactor, has realized reduction of greenhouse gas discharge.

2, the said flue gas of claim 1 is characterized in that: can be the flue gas of the Industrial Stoves discharge of uses such as power plant, Steel Plant, building material industry, cement industry, flue gas has the characteristics of continuous blow-down, can be used as carbonic acid gas continuous blow-down source.

3, the said flue gas cooling of claim 1, it is characterized in that: cooled flue gas can be directly by the temperature of water cooling to needs, also can pass through flue gas waste heat recovery system earlier, reclaim the waste heat in the flue gas, waste heat can be used for generating electricity, preparing steam or add hot water, and then is cooled to the temperature of needs.

4, the said illumination reaction device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: reactor seals, the unit combination of being made up of many tubules road forms, in each unit, can realize the photosynthesis of marine alga, water and flue gas, realize that by this structure the area that illumination bio-reactor marine alga contacts with carbonic acid gas and sunlight and the specific surface area of illumination reaction device can reach more than 1000.

5, the said marine alga of claim 1 is characterized in that it can being conventional marine alga, also can be selected marine alga kind or the little algae that can realize high yield.

6, the said irradiate light of claim 1 is characterized in that light mainly is sunlight, and its intensity can be regulated.

7, the said nutrient solution of claim 1, its feature must be prepared specially at its composition, and also must add the nutritive medium of heterogeneity in the different process of growth of marine alga.

8, the said seaweed bio fuel of claim 1 is characterized in that the starch that contains in the marine alga can be converted into that ethanol, mixtinite can be converted into biofuel, protein can be converted into poultry and use gourmet food.

9, the said reduction of greenhouse gas discharge of claim 1 is characterized in that the carbonic acid gas in the flue gas is reduced in a large number, and CER reaches more than 40%.