CN101525522B - 低污染抛光组合物 - Google Patents
低污染抛光组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101525522B CN101525522B CN2009100047473A CN200910004747A CN101525522B CN 101525522 B CN101525522 B CN 101525522B CN 2009100047473 A CN2009100047473 A CN 2009100047473A CN 200910004747 A CN200910004747 A CN 200910004747A CN 101525522 B CN101525522 B CN 101525522B
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxybutyric acid Chemical compound CC(O)CC(O)=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical group CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960005137 succinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GLDQAMYCGOIJDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1O GLDQAMYCGOIJDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyldithiocarbamic acid Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(S)=S LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950004394 ditiocarb Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950006191 gluconic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940079877 pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BZINKQHNSA-N D-Guluronic Acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BZINKQHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactopyranuronic acid Natural products OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- JOELYYRJYYLNRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1O JOELYYRJYYLNRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-VANFPWTGSA-N D-mannopyranuronic acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-VANFPWTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000015125 Sterculia urens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000001058 Sterculia urens Species 0.000 claims description 2
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- CADNYOZXMIKYPR-UHFFFAOYSA-B ferric pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O CADNYOZXMIKYPR-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
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- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- APLYTANMTDCWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;phthalate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O APLYTANMTDCWTA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphono dihydrogen phosphate;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQQWFVUVBGSGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;piperazine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.C1CNCCN1 NQQWFVUVBGSGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005141 piperazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940048084 pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKQKDCXVLPGWPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenephosphane Chemical compound S=P OKQKDCXVLPGWPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKFFEYLSKIYTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraazanium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O VKFFEYLSKIYTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J zinc pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O OMSYGYSPFZQFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- CZPRKINNVBONSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M zinc;dioxido(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][P+]([O-])=O CZPRKINNVBONSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/32115—Planarisation
- H01L21/3212—Planarisation by chemical mechanical polishing [CMP]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/04—Aqueous dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/32—Alkaline compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/04—Heavy metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种低污染抛光组合物,具体地,是一种可用来对包含铜互连金属的图案化半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光的水性组合物。所述水性组合物包含氧化剂,用于铜互连金属的抑制剂,0.001-15重量%的水溶性改性纤维素,非糖类水溶性聚合物,0-15重量%的用于所述铜互连金属的络合剂,0-15重量%的磷化合物,0.05-20重量%的能够与铜离子络合的酸化合物,以及水;所述溶液具有酸性pH值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体晶片材料的化学机械抛光(CMP),更具体来说涉及用来在介电材料或阻挡层材料的存在下对半导体晶片上的金属互连元件进行抛光的CMP组合物和方法。
背景技术
通常半导体晶片是具有介电层的硅晶片,所述介电层包括多个沟槽,这些沟槽在介电层内设置形成用于电路互连的图案。所述图案设置通常具有波纹结构或双重波纹结构。阻挡层覆盖着所述图案化的介电层,金属层覆盖着所述阻挡层。所述金属层的厚度至少足以填充所述图案化的沟槽,形成电路互连。
CMP工艺经常包括多个抛光步骤。例如,第一步以初始高速率除去过量的互连金属,例如铜。第一步去除之后,可以通过第二步抛光除去残留在阻挡层之上、金属互连以外的金属。随后的抛光从半导体晶片的下面的介电层除去阻挡层,在介电层和金属互连上提供平坦的抛光表面。
半导体基片上的沟槽或凹槽中的金属提供形成金属电路的金属线。一个有待克服的问题是,所述抛光操作会从各个沟槽或凹槽除去金属,导致这些金属的凹陷。凹陷是不希望出现的,因为这会导致金属电路临界尺寸的变化。为了减少凹陷现象,人们在较低的抛光压力下进行抛光。但是,如果仅仅减小抛光压力,将会使得抛光需要持续更长的时间。但是,在整个延长的抛光过程中会持续产生凹陷,从而对性能的增益极少。
美国专利第7,086,935号(Wang)描述了将包含以下组分的无磨料铜配剂用于图案化的晶片:甲基纤维素,丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸共聚物,苯并三唑(BTA)以及可混溶的溶剂。所述配剂能够除去铜并对铜进行清洁,同时产生很低的铜凹陷,但是在迅速的抛光过程中,会在抛光垫和晶片上沉淀绿色的Cu-BTA化合物。由于这些沉淀物的出现,需要对抛光垫进行抛光后清洁,以免由于这种胶状沉淀物导致抛光去除速率的降低;需要对晶片进行抛光后清洁以免产生缺陷。这些清洁步骤需要强效而昂贵的清洗溶液,而且会因为延迟了晶片产出而导致“拥有成本”。
人们需要一种能够清洁铜,同时具有低缺陷率,低的铜凹陷,低腐蚀,而且不会造成Cu-BTA沉淀物的沉淀的抛光组合物。另外,人们需要用低划伤配剂得到这些抛光特性。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面提供一种可用来对含铜互连金属的图案化半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光的水性组合物,该组合物包含:氧化剂,用于所述铜互连金属的抑制剂,0.001-15重量%的水溶性改性纤维素,非糖类水溶性聚合物,0-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的络合剂,0-15重量%的磷化合物,0.05-20重量%的下式所示的酸化合物,以及水:
式中R是氢或含碳化合物,所述酸化合物能够与铜离子络合;所述溶液具有酸性的pH值。
本发明的另一个方面提供了一种可以用来对包含铜互连金属的图案化半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光的水性组合物,所述组合物包含:0.5-25重量%的氧化剂,0.01-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的抑制剂,0.005-5重量%的水溶性改性纤维素,0.005-5重量%的非糖类水溶性聚合物,0.05-10重量%的磷化合物,0.01-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的络合剂,0-3重量%的磨料,0.1-10重量的下式所示的酸化合物,以及水:
式中R是氢或含碳化合物,所述酸化合物能够与铜离子络合;所述溶液具有酸性的pH值。
本发明的另一个方面提供一种用来对含金属的半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光的方法,所述方法包括:a)使所述晶片与抛光组合物接触,该抛光组合物包含:氧化剂,用于铜互连金属的抑制剂,0.001-15重量%的水溶性改性纤维素,非糖类水溶性聚合物,0-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的络合剂,0-15重量%的磷化合物,0.05-10重量%的下式所示的酸化合物,以及水:
式中R是氢或含碳化合物,所述酸化合物能够与铜离子络合;所述溶液具有酸性的pH值;以及b)用抛光垫对所述晶片进行抛光。
发明详述
所述组合物和方法提供了良好的金属去除速率,进行金属清洁,同时金属互连的凹陷程度很低,其中使用抛光组合物对半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光,所述抛光组合物包含酸化合物,以及结合使用的水溶性改性纤维素,非糖类(non-saccaride)水溶性聚合物,氧化剂,抑制剂,以及余量的水。通过添加所述酸化合物,提供了额外的优点,即减少由Cu-BTA(Cu+1)沉淀造成的绿色污染。出于本说明书的目的,Cu-BTA沉淀包括非液态物质,例如固体、凝胶和聚合物,可以包括Cu+2离子,尖晶石沉淀、类尖晶石沉淀和杂质。从抛光经验可以得知,当铜离子(+1)和BTA的产物的浓度超过其操作温度下的Ksp的时候,会形成不溶性Cu-BTA沉淀。Cu-BTA的沉淀会在酸性抛光溶液中,根据以下平衡表达式(1)发生:
(1)BTAH+Cu+←(慢) (快)→Cu-BTA+H+
尽管一些胺能够有效地从晶片和抛光垫上溶解掉绿色的“污泥状”沉淀物,但是特殊的酸化合物能够减少或消除有害量的所述Cu-BTA沉淀。具体来说,所述酸化合物具有以下所示的结构:
式中R是氢或含碳化合物。这些酸化合物能够与包括一价(+1)和二价(+2)铜离子在内的铜离子络合。在抛光过程中,络合剂似乎能够络合足够的铜离子,减少Cu-BTA沉淀的生成,控制下式(2)所示Cu+2离子的生成速率:
(2)2Cu+→Cu0+Cu+2
浓度为0.05-20重量%的酸化合物能够减少Cu-BTA沉淀的生成。例如,浓度为0.1-10重量%的酸化合物可以减少Cu-BTA沉淀。较佳的是,所述配剂的酸化合物浓度至少为0.4重量%,例如0.4-5重量%,以控制Cu-BTA沉淀。当络合化合物浓度约高于0.4重量%的时候,随着络合化合物浓度的增大,可以提高或加快铜除去速率;当络合化合物的浓度为0-0.4重量%的时候,增大络合化合物的浓度会减小铜除去速率。具体来说,亚氨基二乙酸(“IDA”或二甘氨酸(diglycine))和乙二胺四乙酸(“EDTA”)中的至少一种能够有效地减少Cu-BTA沉淀。IDA似乎代表了能够减少Cu-BTA沉淀的最有效的络合剂。
本发明的组合物使用0.001-15重量%的用羧酸官能团改性的水溶性纤维素以及醇和酮之类的水混溶性有机溶剂。较佳的是,所述组合物包含0.005-5重量%的水溶性纤维素。最佳的是,所述组合物包含0.01-3重量%的水溶性纤维素。示例性的改性的纤维素是阴离子性树胶,例如以下的至少一种:琼脂胶,阿拉伯胶,茄替胶,刺梧桐树胶,瓜耳胶,果胶,刺槐豆胶,黄蓍胶,罗望子胶,鹿角菜胶以及黄原胶(xantham gum);改性淀粉;褐藻酸;甘露糖醛酸;古洛糖醛酸(guluronic acid),以及它们的衍生物和共聚物。优选的水溶性纤维素,羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的取代度为0.1-3.0,重均分子量为1K至1000K。出于本说明书的目的,分子量表示纤维素的重均分子量。更优选地,CMC的取代度为0.7-1.2,重均分子量为40-250K。CMC的取代度是纤维素分子中每个葡萄糖残基上的乙酸酯醚化羟基的平均数。可以看作是CMC中羧酸基团的“密度”的度量。
本发明的非糖类水溶性聚合物包括丙烯酸聚合物、甲基丙烯酸聚合物、以及使用丙烯酸单体或甲基丙烯酸单体合成的共聚物。出于本说明书的目的,所述非糖类水溶性聚合物还包括各种分子量的聚合物和低分子量低聚物。共聚物包括由丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸组合形成的那些;具体来说,包括由丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸以以下摩尔比形成的共聚物:1∶30至30∶1;优选1∶9至9∶1;最优选约2∶3。所述共聚物的重均分子量优选为1-1000K;更优选为10-500K。
或者,所述非糖类水溶性聚合物是两亲聚合物,例如由丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸形成的共聚物。在此说明书中,两亲聚合物是由疏水性链段和亲水性链段组成的嵌段共聚物。所述疏水性链段可以是碳原子数为2-250的聚合物链。出于本说明书的目的,碳数表示亲水性链段中的碳原子数。较佳的是,碳数为5-100,最优选为5-50。所述亲水性链段是离子性的。所述亲水性链段的单体单元数优选为1-100。较佳的是,所述组合物包含0.005-5重量%的非糖类水溶性聚合物。更佳的是,所述组合物包含0.01-3重量%的非糖类水溶性聚合物。最佳的是,所述组合物包含0.02-2重量%的非糖类水溶性聚合物。
所述两亲聚合物优选的数均分子量是50-5,000,在本说明书中,两亲聚合物的数均分子量具体表示通过水性凝胶渗透色谱法,使用串联的TSK-GEL pn/08025 GMPWx和TSK-GEL pn/08020 G2500PWx柱、折射率检测器和磷酸钠缓冲洗脱剂测得的分子量。更佳的是,所述数均分子量为50-4,000,最优选数均分子量为100-3,000。离子性链段包括阳离子性、阴离子性和两性离子性(聚两性电解质和聚甜菜碱)。较佳的是,所述亲水性链段是阴离子性的,例如聚丙烯酸或聚甲基丙烯酸。所述亲水性链段优选包含聚丙烯酸、聚甲基丙烯酸或丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物。这些链段组合成共聚物,制得了性质不同于它们各自的均聚物的分子,这有助于在不对金属互连产生过多凹陷的情况下进行清洁。所述聚合物的疏水性端可包括烃链或烷基硫醇。最佳的是,所述疏水性链段和亲水性链段结合成嵌段共聚物的形式。
所述溶液包含氧化剂。较佳的是,所述溶液包含0.5-25重量%的氧化剂。最佳的是,所述氧化剂的含量为1-10重量%。所述氧化剂能够特别有效地促进溶液在低pH值范围内除去铜。所述氧化剂可以是许多种氧化性化合物中的至少一种,例如过氧化氢(H2O2),单过硫酸盐,碘酸盐,过邻苯二甲酸镁,过乙酸和其它过酸,过硫酸盐,溴酸盐,高碘酸盐,硝酸盐,铁盐,铈盐,Mn(III),Mn(IV)和Mn(VI)盐,银盐,铜盐,铬盐,钴盐,卤素,次氯酸盐以及它们的混合物。另外,经常优选使用氧化剂化合物的混合物。当抛光浆液包含不稳定的氧化剂(例如过氧化氢)的时候,经常最优选在使用的时候将氧化剂混入所述组合物中。
另外,所述溶液包含抑制剂,以控制通过静态蚀刻或其它去除机理去除铜互连的速率。通过调解抑制剂的浓度,可以通过保护金属免于静态蚀刻而调节互连金属的去除速率。较佳的是,所述溶液包含0.01-15重量%的抑制剂。最优选的是,所述溶液包含0.2-1.0重量%的抑制剂。所述抑制剂可以由抑制剂的混合物组成。吡咯抑制剂能够特别有效地用于铜互连金属,例如纯铜和铜合金。试验测试表明,通过增大抑制剂的浓度可以加快抛光过程中的去除速率。但是增大吡咯浓度的不利之处在于,会提高抛光溶液沉淀出铜-BTA化合物的倾向。常规的吡咯抑制剂包括苯并三唑(BTA),巯基苯并噻唑(MBT),甲苯基三唑(TTA)和咪唑。吡咯抑制剂的混合物能够加快或减慢铜去除速率。BTA是特别有效的用于铜的抑制剂。
除了抑制剂以外,所述组合物任选包含用于铜互连金属的络合剂。所述络合剂,例如含量为0-15重量%的络合剂能够促进金属膜(例如铜)的去除速率。较佳的是,所述组合物包含0.01-15重量%的铜络合剂。最佳的是,所述组合物包含0.1-1重量%的铜络合剂。络合剂的例子包括:乙酸、柠檬酸、乙酰乙酸乙酯、羟基乙酸、乳酸、苹果酸、草酸、水杨酸、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠、琥珀酸、酒石酸、巯基乙酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸、乙二胺、三甲基二胺、丙二酸、戊二酸(gluteric acid)、3-羟基丁酸、丙酸、邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、3-羟基水杨酸、3,5-二羟基水杨酸、五倍子酸、葡糖酸、邻苯二酚、邻苯三酚、丹宁酸、包括它们的盐和混合物。较佳的是,所述络合剂选自乙酸、柠檬酸、乙酰乙酸乙酯、乙醇酸、乳酸、苹果酸、草酸以及它们的混合物。最佳的是,所述铜络合剂是苹果酸。苹果酸能够提供改进平整化效率的额外优点。
任选地,所述组合物包含0-15重量%的含磷化合物。出于本发明的目的,“含磷”化合物是任意含有磷原子的化合物。一种优选的含磷化合物是例如磷酸类、焦磷酸类、多磷酸类、膦酸类化合物,包括它们的酸、盐、混酸盐、酯、偏酯、混合酯、以及它们的混合物,例如磷酸。具体来说,优选的水性抛光组合物可以使用例如以下含磷化合物配制:磷酸锌、焦磷酸锌、多磷酸锌、膦酸锌、磷酸铵、焦磷酸铵、多磷酸铵、膦酸铵、磷酸氢二铵、焦磷酸氢二铵、多磷酸氢二铵、膦酸氢二铵、磷酸胍、焦磷酸胍、多磷酸胍、膦酸胍、磷酸铁、焦磷酸铁、多磷酸铁、膦酸铁、磷酸铈、焦磷酸铈、多磷酸铈、膦酸铈、磷酸乙二胺、磷酸哌嗪、焦磷酸哌嗪、膦酸哌嗪、磷酸三聚氰胺、磷酸氢二(三聚氰胺)、焦磷酸三聚氰胺、多磷酸三聚氰胺、膦酸三聚氰胺、磷酸蜜白胺、焦磷酸蜜白胺、多磷酸蜜白胺、膦酸蜜白胺、磷酸蜜勒胺、焦磷酸蜜勒胺、多磷酸蜜勒胺、膦酸蜜勒胺、磷酸二氰基二酰胺、磷酸脲,包括它们的酸、盐、混酸盐、酯、偏酯、混合酯、以及它们的混合物。另外还可以使用氧化膦,硫化膦和磷杂环己烷(phosphorinane),以及膦酸类,亚磷酸类,亚膦酸类,包括它们的酸、盐、混酸盐、酯、偏酯和混合酯。一种优选的含磷化合物是磷酸铵。
较佳的是,本发明的抛光组合物的含磷化合物的含量足以在低的向下作用力压力下提高抛光速率。认为抛光组合物中即使包含痕量的含磷化合物,也能有效地进行铜的抛光。通过在组合物中使用约0.05-10重量%的含磷化合物含量,在可以接受的抛光向下作用力压力之下得到令人满意的抛光速率。优选含磷化合物含量约占组合物的0.1-5重量%。最佳的是,所述含磷化合物含量约占组合物的0.3-2重量%。
所述化合物在包含余量的水的溶液中,在很宽的pH范围内都能够提供功效。较佳的是,所述溶液具有酸性的pH值。该溶液可用的pH范围为至少2至大约为7,例如低于7。另外,溶液优选依赖于余量的去离子水来限制伴随的杂质。本发明的抛光流体的pH值优选为2-6,更优选pH值为2.5-5.5。用来调节本发明的组合物的pH值的酸是例如:硝酸、硫酸、盐酸、磷酸等。用来调节本发明组合物的pH值的示例性的碱为例如氢氧化铵和氢氧化钾。
任选地,在存在改性纤维素化合物的情况下,醇或铜提供了可接受的金属去除速率和铜金属的清洁,同时具有很低的凹陷程度。所述组合物可以包含非糖类水溶性聚合物,任选包含磷化合物。通常,这些水混溶性有机溶剂是醇或酮,例如以下的至少一种:甲醇,乙醇,1-丙醇,2-丙醇,乙二醇,1,2-丙二醇,甘油,丙酮,以及甲乙酮。较佳的是,所述组合物包含0.005-10重量%的这些有机溶剂,在本说明书中,所有的组成范围都是以重量百分数计。较佳的是,所述组合物包含0.01-7.5重量%的这些有机溶剂。最佳的是,所述组合物包含0.02-5重量%的这些有机溶剂。
另外,所述抛光组合物可以任选地包含磨料,例如0-3重量%的磨料,以促进金属层去除。在此范围内,需要磨料含量小于或等于1重量%。最佳的是,所述抛光组合物不含磨料。
所述磨料的平均粒度小于或等于500纳米(nm),以防发生过度的金属凹陷、电介质腐蚀和提高平整化作用。出于本说明书的目的,粒度表示磨料的平均粒度。更佳的是,需要使用平均粒度小于或等于100纳米的胶体磨料。另外,使用平均粒度小于或等于70纳米的硅胶能够减少电介质腐蚀和金属凹陷。另外,优选的胶体磨料可以包括添加剂,例如分散剂、表面活性剂、缓冲剂和生物杀灭剂,以提高胶体磨料的稳定性。一种这样的胶体磨料是购自法国普提亚科斯的克莱瑞特S.A公司(Clariant S.A.,of Puteaux,France)的硅胶。另外,还可以使用其他的磨料,包括烘制的、沉淀的、团聚的磨料等。
所述抛光组合物可以包含磨料以“机械法”去除金属互连层。示例性的磨料包括无机氧化物、无机氢氧化物、无机氢氧根氧化物、金属硼化物、金属碳化物、金属氮化物、聚合物颗粒、以及包含至少一种上述物质的混合物。合适的无机氧化物包括例如二氧化硅(SiO2),氧化铝(Al2O3),氧化锆(ZrO2),氧化铈(CeO2),氧化锰(MnO2),氧化钛(TiO2),或者包含至少一种上述氧化物的组合。合适的无机氢氧根氧化物包括例如羟基氧化铝(“勃姆石”)。如果需要,也可使用这些无机氧化物的改良形式,例如有机聚合物涂覆的无机氧化物颗粒和无机涂覆的颗粒。合适的金属碳化物、硼化物和氮化物包括例如碳化硅、氮化硅、碳氮化硅(SiCN)、碳化硼、碳化钨、碳化锆、硼化铝、碳化钽、碳化钛、或包含上述金属碳化物、硼化物和氮化物中的至少一种的组合。如果需要,还可使用金刚石作为磨料。替代性的磨料还包括聚合物颗粒、涂覆的聚合物颗粒、以及表面活性剂稳定化的颗粒。如果使用磨料,则优选的磨料是二氧化硅。
本发明的组合物可以用于任意包含铜互连金属的半导体晶片,所述铜互连金属例如纯铜或铜合金。出于本说明书的目的,术语电介质表示具有介电常数k的半导体材料,包括低k和超低k介电材料。所述组合物和方法能够极好地防止多种晶片构件的腐蚀,例如多孔和非多孔低k电介质,有机和无机低k电介质,有机硅酸盐玻璃(OSG),氟硅酸盐玻璃(FSG),碳掺杂氧化物(CDO),原硅酸四乙酯(TEOS),以及源自TEOS的二氧化硅。本发明的组合物还可用于ECMP(电化学机械抛光)。
实施例
在此实施例中,全部组成包括0.32重量%的羧甲基纤维素(CMC),0.1重量%的丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸共聚物(比例2∶3,分子量23K),以及9.00重量%的用硝酸调节pH值的过氧化氢,以及余量的蒸馏水。
使用应用材料有限公司(Applied Materials,Inc.)的Mirra 200mm抛光机,该抛光机装有ISRM检测器系统,使用IC1010TM聚氨酯抛光垫(罗门哈斯电子材料CMP有限公司(Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials CMP Inc.)),在大约1.5psi(10.3千帕)的向下作用力下对铜晶片进行平整化,其中抛光溶液的流速为200cc/min,台板转速为93RPM,支架转速为87RPM。使用Kinik金刚石砂轮对抛光垫进行修整。实施例1-6中测试的具体抛光浆液和溶液包含以下的基本配方:
0.5重量%的苯并三唑(BTA)
0.22重量%的苹果酸
0.32重量%的羧甲基纤维素(分子量200K)
0.1重量%的丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸共聚物(比例2∶3,分子量23K)
9重量%的H2O2(在抛光的时候加入)
用硝酸将pH值调节到3.5(在加入H2O2之前)
余量的去离子水
注:在实施例中,数字表示本发明的实施例,字母表示比较例。
实施例1
该实施例筛选了可能用来减少在存在大量BTA的情况下进行高速铜抛光时形成的绿色沉淀的铜络合剂。该实施例在测试的时候,对基本配方进行了改良,使得其中包含1重量%的磷酸盐和0.5重量%的多种络合剂。
表1
样品 | 加入基本配方中的添加剂(0.5重量%) | Cu去除速率(埃/分钟) | 是否存在污染(?) |
A | 无(参比) | 4472 | 是 |
B | 天冬氨酸 | 7345 | 是 |
C | 柠檬酸 | 2338 | 否 |
D | 戊二酸 | 6899 | 是 |
E | 乳酸 | 7194 | 是 |
F | 马来酸 | 6612 | 是 |
G | 丙二酸 | 8327 | 是 |
H | 次氮基三乙酸 | 3196 | 否 |
I | 琥珀酸 | 6429 | 是 |
J | 酒石酸 | 8901 | 是 |
1 | K2EDTA | 3791 | 否 |
2 | 亚氨基二乙酸 | 4083 | 否 |
柠檬酸,EDTA,次氮基三乙酸和亚氨基二乙酸都消除了抛光垫的污染。但是仅有亚氨基二乙酸和EDTA能够防止污染的形成,同时具有足够的铜去除速率。
实施例2
该实施例说明了亚氨基二乙酸对包含0.44重量%磷酸盐的基本配方的去除速率以及形成绿色污染的影响。
表2
样品 | 亚氨基二乙酸的浓度(重量%) | Cu去除速率(埃/分钟) | 是否存在绿色Cu-BTA污染(?) |
A | 无(参比) | 4472 | 是 |
3 | 0.01 | 4048 | 是 |
4 | 0.1 | 3178 | 是 |
5 | 0.2 | 3290 | 是 |
6 | 0.4 | 3219 | 否 |
7 | 0.44 | 3412 | 否 |
8 | 0.6 | 3615 | 否 |
9 | 0.8 | 3848 | 否 |
10 | 1.0 | 4124 | 否 |
实施例3-10都与铜络合以减少铜-BTA沉淀的形成。但是,抛光溶液6-10提供了铜去除速率和消除绿色污染的最佳组合。通过加快抛光溶液流速或者调节抛光溶液的pH值,可以将抛光溶液3-5从会形成绿色沉淀的抛光溶液转化为不会形成绿色铜-BTA沉淀的抛光溶液。
实施例3
该实施例说明磷酸铵和pH值对铜凹陷和去除速率性能的影响。
表3
通过增大磷酸铵浓度,可以增大铜去除速率。另外,升高pH值可以减少铜凹陷,但是会减慢铜去除速率。
实施例4
用来评价的浆液对基本配方进行改良,在其中包含磨粒和0.44重量%的磷酸铵。
表4
该实施例说明了该配方适于接收磨粒。具体来说,二氧化硅颗粒和氧化铝颗粒都会加快铜去除速率。
实施例5
该实施例说明了苹果酸对包含和不含亚氨基二乙酸的基本配方的影响。
表5
样品 | 苹果酸重量百分浓度 | 亚氨基二乙酸重量百分浓度 | Cu去除速率(埃/分钟) | 是否存在污染(?) |
A | 0.22(参比) | 0 | 4472 | 是 |
21 | 1 | 0 | 3594 | 是 |
22 | 1.6 | 0 | 3880 | 是 |
23 | 2.2 | 0 | 4132 | 是 |
24 | 2.8 | 0 | 4335 | 是 |
25 | 0 | 0.44 | 2782 | 否 |
26 | 0.22 | 0.44 | 3412 | 否 |
27 | 0 | 0.6 | 3025 | 否 |
28 | 0 | 1 | 3541 | 否 |
该实施例说明苹果酸、亚氨基二乙酸、以及苹果酸和亚氨基二乙酸的组合都能够提高铜去除速率。另外,进一步的测试表明,苹果酸可以改进抛光溶液的平整化能力。
实施例6
以下测试改变亚氨基二乙酸的浓度,同时使用1.5重量%的磷酸铵。
表6
表6说明在pH值=4.1条件下,在很宽的亚氨基二乙酸范围内,抛光溶液能够提供有效的污染控制,同时具有很低的凹陷。
实施例7
该实施例说明了工艺因素可能造成的其它优点。
表7
样品 | 修整器 | 抛光垫 | 晶片数量 | 是否污染(?) |
35 | Kinik AD3CG181060/外部 | IC1010 | 124 | 是* |
36 | Kinik AD3CG181060/部分原位 | IC1010 | 127 | 无 |
36 | Kinik AD3CG181060/外部 | IC1010 | 127 | 无 |
*减少,在数个晶片后出现
表8
样品 | BTA | 苹果酸 | CMC | 共聚物 | IDA | NH4H2PO4 | H2O2 | pH |
35 | 0.50 | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.10 | 0.44 | 2.00 | 9.00 | 4.10 |
36 | 0.3 | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.1 | 1 | 1.5 | 9 | 4.1 |
这些数据说明,原位修整可以进一步降低抛光垫保留有害的铜-BTA沉淀的能力。这些工艺因素可以减少有效控制铜-BTA沉淀所需的亚氨基二乙酸的量。有效的配方的一个具体例子如下:0.3重量%的BTA,0.22重量%的苹果酸,0.32重量%的CMC,0.1重量%的丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸共聚物(比例2∶3,分子量23K),1重量%的亚氨基二乙酸,1.5重量%的磷酸二氢铵NH4H2PO4以及9重量%的H2O2(即将抛光之前加入),加入H2O2之前,测得pH值为4.1。
Claims (10)
1.一种可用来对含铜互连金属的图案化半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光的水性组合物,该组合物包含:氧化剂,用于所述铜互连金属的抑制剂,0.001-15重量%的水溶性改性纤维素,非糖类水溶性聚合物,0-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的络合剂,其中所述络合剂选自乙酸、柠檬酸、乙酰乙酸乙酯、羟基乙酸、乳酸、苹果酸、草酸、水杨酸、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠、琥珀酸、酒石酸、巯基乙酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸、乙二胺、三甲基二胺、丙二酸、戊二酸、3-羟基丁酸、丙酸、邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、3-羟基水杨酸、3,5-二羟基水杨酸、五倍子酸、葡糖酸、邻苯二酚、邻苯三酚、丹宁酸、包括它们的盐和混合物,0-15重量%的磷化合物,0.05-20重量%的下式所示的酸化合物,以及水:
式中R是氢或含碳化合物,所述酸化合物能够与铜离子络合;所述组合物具有酸性的pH值。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述酸化合物包括乙二胺四乙酸和二甘氨酸中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述水溶性改性纤维素用羧酸官能团改性,选自以下的至少一种:羧甲基纤维素,琼脂胶,阿拉伯胶,茄替胶,刺梧桐树胶,瓜耳胶,果胶,刺槐豆胶,黄蓍胶,罗望子胶,鹿角菜胶以及黄原胶,改性淀粉,褐藻酸,甘露糖醛酸,古洛糖醛酸,以及它们的衍生物和共聚物。
4.如权利要求3所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述水溶性改性纤维素是羧甲基纤维素。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物是不含磨料的。
6.一种可以用来对包含铜互连金属的图案化半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光的水性组合物,所述组合物包含:0.5-25重量%的氧化剂,0.01-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的抑制剂,0.005-5重量%的水溶性改性纤维素,0.005-5重量%的非糖类水溶性聚合物,0.05-10重量%的磷化合物,0.01-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的络合剂,其中所述络合剂选自乙酸、柠檬酸、乙酰乙酸乙酯、羟基乙酸、乳酸、苹果酸、草酸、水杨酸、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠、琥珀酸、酒石酸、巯基乙酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸、乙二胺、三甲基二胺、丙二酸、戊二酸、3-羟基丁酸、丙酸、邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、3-羟基水杨酸、3,5-二羟基水杨酸、五倍子酸、葡糖酸、邻苯二酚、邻苯三酚、丹宁酸、包括它们的盐和混合物,0-3重量%的磨料,0.1-10重量的下式所示的酸化合物,以及水:
式中R是氢或含碳化合物,所述酸化合物能够与铜离子络合;所述组合物具有酸性的pH值。
7.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述酸化合物包含乙二胺四乙酸和二甘氨酸中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述酸化合物包含至少0.4重量%的二甘氨酸。
9.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物是不含磨料的。
10.一种用来对含金属的半导体晶片进行化学机械抛光的方法,所述方法包括:a)使得所述晶片与抛光组合物接触,该抛光组合物包含:氧化剂,用于铜互连金属的抑制剂,0.001-15重量%的水溶性改性纤维素,非糖类水溶性聚合物,0-15重量%的用于铜互连金属的络合剂,其中所述络合剂选自乙酸、柠檬酸、乙酰乙酸乙酯、羟基乙酸、乳酸、苹果酸、草酸、水杨酸、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠、琥珀酸、酒石酸、巯基乙酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸、乙二胺、三甲基二胺、丙二酸、戊二酸、3-羟基丁酸、丙酸、邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、3-羟基水杨酸、3,5-二羟基水杨酸、五倍子酸、葡糖酸、邻苯二酚、邻苯三酚、丹宁酸、包括它们的盐和混合物,0-15重量%的磷化合物,0.05-10重量%的下式所示的酸化合物,以及水:
式中R是氢或含碳化合物,所述酸化合物能够与铜离子络合,所述组合物具有酸性的pH值;以及b)用抛光垫对所述晶片进行抛光。
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US20140030897A1 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2014-01-30 | Sumco Corporation | Polishing composition and polishing method using the same |
US8435896B2 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2013-05-07 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Cmp Holdings, Inc. | Stable, concentratable chemical mechanical polishing composition and methods relating thereto |
US8440097B2 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2013-05-14 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Cmp Holdings, Inc. | Stable, concentratable, water soluble cellulose free chemical mechanical polishing composition |
US20150166862A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2015-06-18 | Fujimi Incorporated | Composition for polishing alloy material and method for producing alloy material using same |
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CN114481286A (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-13 | 广东省科学院化工研究所 | 一种用于电解抛光的固体颗粒物 |
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