CN101524858A - Super-thick bamboo-wood composite board and producing method thereof - Google Patents
Super-thick bamboo-wood composite board and producing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524858A CN101524858A CN200810240988A CN200810240988A CN101524858A CN 101524858 A CN101524858 A CN 101524858A CN 200810240988 A CN200810240988 A CN 200810240988A CN 200810240988 A CN200810240988 A CN 200810240988A CN 101524858 A CN101524858 A CN 101524858A
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Abstract
The invention provides a super-thick bamboo-wood composite board, which comprises a core board, a surface board and a back board, wherein the core board is a super-thick rotary-cut single board with the thickness of 6-12 mm, the surface board and the back board are made of bamboo, the core board comprises a plurality of super-thick single boards, the contiguous layers of the super-thick single boards are in the combination along the grain, a glue layer is arranged between contiguous single boards, the adhesive of the glue layer is an aqueous macromolecule isocyanate adhesive, the super-thick single boards of the core layer are single boards after the processing of stress degradation, and spot-shape or segment-shape crack grains are formed in the direction along the grain of the loosened surface of every single board. Compared with the prior composite board of the same thickness, the composite board has greatly-reduced glue amount and no deformation or distortion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite board and manufacturing field thereof, a kind of super-thick bamboo-wood composite board is provided, the manufacture method of this super-thick bamboo-wood composite board also is provided.
Background technology
Fast development along with China's timber buildings application, driven the increase of China to the structural wood demand, according to house and town and country construction portion statistics, China's structural wood breach in 2007 is 4,000 ten thousand m3, continuous development along with China's wooden frame structure and building, add that the earthquakes in Sichuan reconstruction needs 2,000 ten thousand m3 approximately with material, to 2010, the structural wood breach of China will reach 9,000 ten thousand m3.Official claims according to federal government of Canada, the wooden frame structure that Canada has built up in the inland of China at present is about 300, plan is built 9000 again, estimate that annual wooden frame structure quantity of building will reach about 15000 in the coming five years of inland of China, this will bring huge market prospects for structure material.If breakthrough by technology, the artificial forest small diameter grade timber and the bamboo wood of China are manufactured the super-thick bamboo-wood composite that satisfies the structure instructions for use by rational technology, thereby substitute the high-quality timber of big footpath level, the situation of alleviating China's wood supply anxiety is had great importance and vast market prospect.
No matter from content, the scope of research, still from the degree of depth of research, China all is in rank first to the research level of bamboo-wood composite material.According to incompletely statistics, nearly thousand families of China various bamboo class wood-based plate processing enterprise, product reaches tens of kinds, product be widely used in fields such as automobile bodies base plate, container bottom board, building building cement template, floor, ornament materials, furniture (Zhang Yinghe. the thinking of artificial bamboo board development. wood processing machinery, 2004).Defectives such as at present, the Chinese commodity material is mainly based on quick-growing plantation timber, and its ubiquity footpath level is little, density is low, it is many to scab, short texture, intensity are low.Be used as dimension stock and use if directly separate, then exist leftover pieces more and cause problem such as the defective ratio height of dimension stock owing to defectives such as knot and juvenile woods, cause with the timber utilization rate of artificial fast-growing woods timber production specification material lower through saw; If small diameter grade timber is processed into veneer, production structure has then improved the utilization rate of timber greatly with glued board or laminated veneer lumber.Usually the veneer that artificial fast-growing woods timber is peeled into (1～3) mm in the prior art is produced glued board, laminated veneer lumber or bamboo-wood composite material as sandwich layer, and the adhesive that is adopted is generally heat curing-type aldehydes adhesives such as phenolic resins or Lauxite; Forming method generally adopts hot pressing formation process.And the existing processes technology exists following several respects problem usually:
At present, it is bigger to adopt traditional rotating-cutting equipment production to surpass the rotary cut venner difficulty of 5mm, mainly is because when timber was peeled into veneer, veneer was circular arc originally on juggle, and is evened up during rotary-cut, and back-flexing in succession.The result produces compression on the surface of veneer, produces tension at the back side of veneer:
In the formula: ρ
1Be the radius of curvature (mm) of veneer reset condition, ρ
2Be the radius of curvature (mm) of veneer back-flexing, E is the elastic modelling quantity (MPa) of timber band direction, S be veneer thickness (mm) (artificial panel technology is learned, p46, China Forest publishing house, Hua Yukun).As can be seen, the diameter of log is more little from formula, and veneer thickness is big more, and then this internal stress of sheet material is big more, just is easy to generate buckling deformation (even causing as shown in Figure 1 Texturized) in the dry run of veneer more.When stress during greater than timber band tension or compression strength, veneer will produce cracking phenomena, and the appearance of these defectives will have a strong impact on volume recovery and the postorder manufacturing procedure such as the operations such as gluing, assembly of veneer.
If timber is peeled into the veneer of (1～3) mm, be made into thick composite plate again, then the used veneer number of plies of composite board is more, its glue-line is also just more, thereby cause glue consumption bigger, like this, increased cost on the one hand, be aldehydes adhesives such as phenolic resins or Lauxite because of what adopt on the other hand, then increased degradation amount as pernicious gases such as formaldehyde or free phenols.
(2～10) cm is wide, the thick batten of (1～5) mm as if the timber saw is separated, and owing to the loss of swage set, has also reduced the utilization rate of timber.
In addition, bamboo/timber is hot non-conductor, adopts the difficulty of pressure sintering production heavy-gauge sheeting bigger, and general existing sheet metal thickness is less than 30mm.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve the deficiency in the existing technology, a kind of super-thick bamboo-wood composite board is provided, its glue consumption is less than the composite plate of existing equal thickness of slab greatly, and has indeformable, advantage such as warpage not.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the manufacture method of described super-thick bamboo-wood composite board.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following process technology scheme:
Super-thick bamboo-wood composite board provided by the invention comprises central layer, panel and backboard, and described central layer is that some thickness are formed for the super thick veneer of (6～12) mm rotary-cut; Described panel and backboard are made by bamboo wood.The described veneer of adjacent layer is that rift grain or chi structure combine in the described central layer, and the described super thick veneer that constitutes central layer is the veneer through the stress degradation treatment, promptly is formed with the crackle of point-like or line segment shape in the rift grain direction of the loose side of every layer of described veneer.Between adjacent described veneer, glue-line is set.
The average length of the described crackle on the described loose side is between 2.0cm～5.0cm, and mean depth is 1/4～1/2 of a thickness of slab; Perhaps,
The average length of the described crackle on the described loose side is between 2.0cm～5.0cm, and mean depth is 1/4～1/2 of a thickness of slab, and mean breadth is 0.2mm～3mm, and the average headway between the crackle is 0.5cm～5cm.
Described super-thick bamboo-wood composite board: its gross thickness can reach 45mm～90mm.
Described super-thick bamboo-wood composite board is 1: 10～2: 1 as the bamboo wood of panel and backboard with thickness ratio as the timber of core.
Described bamboo wood can be the thick reorganization bamboo of (5～20) mm, also can be the bamboo wood of same thickness.
The glue-line that is provided with between described super-thick bamboo-wood composite plate flaggy, used adhesive is an aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, glue-spread is 80g/m
2～300g/m
2
Or the glue-line that is provided with between described super-thick bamboo-wood composite plate flaggy, its used adhesive is the resorcinol adhesive, glue-spread is at 150g/m
2～300g/m
2
The manufacture method of above-mentioned super-thick bamboo-wood composite board comprises procedure for preparation, coating process, assembly operation, molding procedure and maintenance operation.
1. procedure for preparation: comprise preparation, as the described Veneer Cutting of central layer and the steps such as modulation of stress degradation treatment and adhesive as the bamboo board of panel and backboard.Wherein: the preparation of bamboo veneer comprises the preparation of recombination single-plate and the preparation of bamboo wood.
1.1 bamboo processing is become reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood, and as panel and base plate, this method is a prior art.
1.2 rounding is become the super thick veneer of (6～12) mm, and degrading by the stress mechanism of degradation at the loose side of veneer forms the veneer with point-like or line segment shape crackle, after super-dry is handled, makes the moisture content of the super thick veneer of the stress of degrading reach 7%～25%.
1.3 used adhesive is an aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, form by host and crosslinking agent, host can be styrene-butadiene latexes (SBR), vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymerization emulsions (EVA) or polyacrylic acid emulsion, crosslinking agent is polymeric isocyanate (P-MDI), dosage of crosslinking agent is 5%～20% (percentage by weight) of host, after stirring, forms aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent.
If use the resorcinol adhesive, this kind adhesive is made up of host and curing agent, host is the line style resorcinol resin that contains alcohol, wherein Chun content is between the 1%-5%, curing agent is the polyformaldehyde powder, the consumption of polyformaldehyde is 8%～15% (percentage by weight) of host, after stirring, forms the resorcinol adhesive.
2.. coating process
Aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent or resorcinol adhesive are coated on equably through the super thick veneer surface of stress degraded and recombinate bamboo or bamboo wood surface.If aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, its glue-spread are 80g/m
2～300g/m
2Between, if the resorcinol adhesive, its glue-spread is 150g/m
2～300g/m
2Between.
3. assembly operation
The veneer of reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood and the degraded of process stress is pressed rift grain or chi structure assembly, some described veneer through the stress degraded is combined the formation central layer, reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood place two sides of central layer as panel and backboard, form slab.
When this veneer is superimposed, for loose side towards to sandwich layer, symmetrical assembly.
4. molding procedure
The slab that combinations thereof is good is sent in the cold press and is colded pressing, and pressure is (1～5) Mpa, and the time is (20～60) min, and temperature is a room temperature.
In the molding procedure back five processes can also be set: the maintenance operation.
5. maintenance operation
This is an alternative procedure.
Above-mentioned slab is stacked on temperature is (60～120) ℃, humidity is carried out maintenance in the baking oven of (60～98) %, and curing time is (1～5) h, maintenance pressure (0.6～2) MPa.
Super-thick bamboo-wood composite board provided by the invention can go out the super thick veneer of (6～12) mm from the artificial forest fast growing wood by the rotary-cut of rotary-cut technology, utilize stress degraded treatment technology again, on loose side, make the crackle of point-like or line segment shape, thereby realized making the super-thick bamboo-wood composite plate of the quantity that has reduced glue-line with the artificial forest fast growing wood.Because the central layer in the middle of the bamboo-wood plyboard is super thick veneer, so compare with existing common composite plate and can significantly reduce resin added, and on veneer, make crackle through special stress degraded processing procedure, can solve warpage, distortion and the problems of crack of thick veneer again well.This composite plate is by using super thick veneer and for the selection of bonding agent kind and to the particular design of glue-spread, aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent that cost is higher or resorcinol adhesive are applied in the composite bamboo-timber structure material, and owing to adopt aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent or resorcinol adhesive, can realize the curing molding of colding pressing, solved super thick composite plate because the relatively poor problem of producing of being difficult to of heat conductivity, thereby realized the manufacturing of super-thick bamboo-wood composite with pressure sintering.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, is not limitation of the present invention, every any this area of carrying out according to the disclosure of invention be equal to replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the buckling deformation figure without the thick veneer generation of (6～12) mm of overstress degraded
Fig. 2 is the thick veneer of (6～12) mm through the stress degraded
Fig. 3 is the bamboo wood integrated timber and the poplar composite board of rift grain structure assembly
Fig. 4 is the reorganization bamboo and the eucalyptus composite board of chi structure assembly
In the accompanying drawing, 1 on super thick veneer through the point-like that makes of degraded or the crackle of line segment shape, 2 is bamboo cord wood, 3 are the rift grain thick veneer of (6～12) mm of mating formation, 4 are the reorganization bamboo, and 5 is the thick veneer of (6～12) mm of rift grain assembly, and 6 is the thick veneer of band assembly (6～12) mm.
The specific embodiment
Super-thick bamboo-wood composite board provided by the invention comprises central layer, panel and backboard, and described central layer is the some super thick rotary cut venners of (6～12) mm; Described panel and backboard are made up of bamboo wood.Described central layer comprises that adjacent layer is the described super thick veneer of several layers that rift grain (as shown in Figure 3) or chi structure (as shown in Figure 4) combine, between adjacent described veneer, glue-line is set, the super thick veneer of used sandwich layer is for through the veneer (as shown in Figure 2) after the stress degradation treatment, promptly is formed with the crackle of point-like or line segment shape in the rift grain direction of the loose side of every layer of described veneer; The adhesive of described glue-line is aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent or resorcinol adhesive.
The average length of the described crackle on the above-mentioned loose side is between 2.0cm～5.0cm, and mean depth is 1/4～1/2 of a thickness of slab.
Further, the mean breadth of described crackle is 0.2mm～3mm, and the average headway between the crackle is 0.5cm～5cm.The width and the spacing of crackle are like this, and the stress degradation effect is better.
If the crack length of degraded stress is short, the degree of depth is more shallow, perhaps more sparse, do not reach the elastic modelling quantity that reduces super thick veneer band direction, as can be known according to the veneer stress formula, then stress release is not thorough, can produce warpage, distortion in follow-up drying and gluing process; But, if the crackle palliating degradation degree is excessive, in degradation process, can directly cause veneer to tear and increase the roughness on veneer surface, thereby destroy the mechanical property of veneer, increased resin added, make the performance of composite plate reduce.
Described super-thick bamboo-wood composite board: its gross thickness can reach 45mm～90mm.
Described super-thick bamboo-wood composite board is 1: 10～2: 1 as the bamboo wood of panel and backboard with thickness ratio as the timber of heartwood.
Described bamboo wood can be the thick reorganization bamboo of 5mm～20mm, also can be the bamboo wood of same thickness.
The adhesive that described super-thick bamboo-wood composite plate interlayer is provided with glue-line is an aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, and glue-spread is 80g/m
2～300g/m
2
Or the adhesive that described super-thick bamboo-wood composite plate interlayer is provided with glue-line is the resorcinol adhesive, and glue-spread is 150g/m
2～300g/m
2
The manufacture method of above-mentioned super-thick bamboo-wood composite board comprises procedure for preparation, coating process, assembly operation, molding procedure and maintenance operation.
1. procedure for preparation: preparation, Veneer Cutting and the stress degradation treatment, the adhesive modulation step that comprise bamboo board.Wherein: the preparation of bamboo veneer comprises the preparation of recombination single-plate and the preparation of bamboo wood.
1.1 bamboo processing is become reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood, as panel and base plate.
1.2 rounding is become the super thick veneer of 6mm～12mm, and degrading by the stress mechanism of degradation at the loose side of veneer forms the veneer of point-like or line segment shape crackle, after super-dry is handled, makes the moisture content of veneer reach 7%～25%, as central layer.
1.3 adhesive can be following two kinds:
A. aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, it is made up of host and crosslinking agent, host is styrene-butadiene latexes (SBR), vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymerization emulsions (EVA) or polyacrylic acid emulsion, crosslinking agent is polymeric isocyanate (P-MDI), the consumption of crosslinking agent is the 5%-20% of host, after stirring at normal temperatures, forms aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent.
B. resorcinol adhesive, it is made up of host and curing agent, and host is the line style resorcinol resin liquid that contains alcohol, and curing agent is a polyformaldehyde, and the consumption of polyformaldehyde is 8%～15% of a host, after stirring at normal temperatures, forms the resorcinol adhesive.
2. coating process
Aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent or resorcinol adhesive are coated on equably through the super thick veneer surface of stress degraded and recombinate bamboo or bamboo wood surface.
If aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, its glue-spread is at 80g/m
2～300g/m
2Between; If the resorcinol adhesive, its glue-spread is at 150g/m
2～300g/m
2Between.
3. assembly operation
The veneer of reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood and the degraded of process stress is pressed rift grain or chi structure assembly, and reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood are as panel and backboard, and the veneer of process stress degraded is as central layer.
4. molding procedure
The slab that combinations thereof is good is sent in the cold press and is colded pressing, and pressure is (1～5) MPa; Time (20～60) min, temperature is a room temperature.
In the molding procedure back five processes can also be set: the maintenance operation.
5. maintenance operation
This is an alternative procedure.
Above-mentioned slab is stacked on temperature is (60～120) ℃, humidity is carried out maintenance in the baking oven of (60～98) %, and curing time is (1～5) h, maintenance pressure (0.6～2) MPa.
The present invention has adopted special composite bamboo-timber structure, its basic composition unit is made up of bamboo/wooden unit that thick veneer of (6～12) mm and bamboo wood combine, intensity height, case hardness is big and bamboo board that have a special texture is mated formation on the top layer, density is lower, intensity is low and the super thick veneer that forms with the timber rotary-cut with defectives such as knots is mated formation at sandwich layer, promptly bring into play the characteristics such as intensity height, decorative effect of bamboo wood, brought into play characteristics such as artificial forest wood utilization rate and production efficiency height again.
Along with the continuous increase of bamboo wood price, because bamboo wood has shortcomings such as utilization rate and production efficiency are low, compare again with common bamboo material stacked material, adopt composite bamboo-timber structure, improved production efficiency, reduced production cost; In addition, the density of artificial fast growing wood is lower than bamboo wood, adopts composite bamboo-timber structure, has helped reducing the density of sheet material, thereby has reduced the weight of material self.
Minimizing along with big footpath level timber, the laminated veneer lumber of China is mainly produced by artificial forest wood at present, tissue looseness, intensity are low, more knot reaches and produce defectives such as stress is big and quick-growing plantation timber ubiquity, and utilize the laminated veneer lumber of these timber productions often to be difficult to satisfy the performance indications of structure material.And the employing composite bamboo-timber structure is compared with common laminated veneer lumber, has given full play to bamboo wood intensity height, characteristics that hardness is big, has improved the physical and mechanical property of sheet material, make the performance indications of composite board reached structure with wood property can index requirement.
The present invention compares with dimension stock has tangible advantage, adopts rotary cutting method, has reduced the loss of swage set, thereby has improved the utilization rate of timber.
Super-thick bamboo-wood composite board provided by the invention promptly can be used for structural lumbers such as beam, post, barrier, substitutes the solid wood dimension stock; Also can be used for decoration materials such as furniture, door and window.
Traditional bamboo-wood composite material adopts pressure sintering usually, because table, there is thermograde between the sandwich layer, particularly slab exists the top layer usually owing to cause variable color even charing takes place and sandwich layer also fails to make the completely crued contradiction of adhesive because temperature is low under hot conditions, sheet metal thickness is thick more, this contradiction is outstanding more, its consequence is that surperficial sheet material is owing to the effect in heat issues change look and degraded, the decorative effect and the mechanical strength of sheet material have been influenced, and the adhesive of sandwich layer is because the low not curing fully as yet of temperature, do not reach the effect of gummed, thereby influence the cementing strength of sheet material.And aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent that the present invention adopts or resorcinol adhesive belong to the adhesive that solidifies under the normal temperature, utilize this adhesive to produce bamboo-wood composite material, can adopt normal temperature cure.Therefore, the present invention has adopted cold-press method.Adopt the normal temperature cure advantage: reduced the energy consumption of hot pressing in the hot pressing, eliminated surperficial sheet material, kept the true qualities of sheet material because of the look that heat causes becomes or charing.Avoid eliminating the temperature difference between table, central layer simultaneously, improved the stability of plate property, can realize the abundant curing of the sandwich layer adhesive of ultra-thick plate material.
The present invention adopts the super thick veneer of (6～12) mm, compares for the common veneer of (1-3) mm with thickness, suppresses the composite board of same thickness, has reduced the number of plies of glue-line, has reduced resin added, thereby has reduced cost.The number of plies just because of glue-line reduces, and the minimizing of resin added just makes aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent or resorcinol adhesive that cost is higher can be applied on the super-thick bamboo-wood composite board, has improved the bonding quality of sheet material.Be example to make the thick bamboo-wood composite board of 45mm below, by the thickness of the used veneer of table 1 explanation and the relation of resin added.
Relation between table 1 veneer thickness and the resin added
| Veneer thickness (mm) | 1.5 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 11 |
| Compression ratio (%) | 16.66％ | 16.66％ | 16.66％ | 16.66％ | 18.18％ |
| Sheet material target thickness (mm) | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 |
| The veneer number (opening) that needs | 36 | 18 | 9 | 6 | 5 |
| Glue-line number (layer) | 35 | 17 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Resin added (the g/m of each glue-line 2) | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 |
| Total resin added (g/m 2) | 7000 | 3400 | 1600 | 1000 | 800 |
As can be seen from Table 1, along with the increase of veneer thickness, total resin added reduces, and produces the thick sheet material of 45mm equally, if adopt the thick veneer of 6mm, total resin added only when adopting the thick veneer of 1.5mm 22.85%; If adopt the thick super thick veneer of 11mm, its total resin added only when adopting the thick veneer of 1.5mm 11.43%.The minimizing of resin added greatly reduces the production cost of sheet material.
When the present invention selects aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent for use, compare with synvaren or urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive that common bamboo-wood composite board is used, at first: aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent belongs to aldehyde-free cement, with the burst size of methanal of the sheet material of its production with base materials employed: the burst size of methanal of bamboo wood and timber is identical; Secondly, it is faint yellow or milky that aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent solidifies the back color, close with the color of timber and bamboo wood, compares for synvaren russet with solidifying the back, makes people that the sensation of solid wood more be arranged; Moreover aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent belongs to the adhesive that solidifies under the normal temperature, realizes normal temperature cure.
The present invention has carried out the stress degradation treatment to super thick veneer, compare with untreated veneer, after the stress degradation treatment, formed the crackle of point-like or line segment shape in the rift grain direction of the loose side of veneer, it has tangible advantage: at first, produce compression according to the veneer surface, the back side produces the tension formula:
In the formula: ρ
1Be the radius of curvature (mm) of veneer reset condition, ρ
2Be the radius of curvature (mm) of veneer back-flexing, E is the elastic modelling quantity (MPa) of timber band direction, S be veneer thickness (mm) (artificial panel technology is learned, p46, China Forest publishing house, Hua Yukun).Through after the stress degradation treatment, weakened the transverse modulus of elasticity of super thick veneer, reduce the veneer surface and produced compression, the back side produces tension, thereby has avoided the problems such as warpage, distortion of veneer; Secondly, after the stress degradation treatment, the internal stress of veneer obtains degraded, can reduce the loss of breaking and causing because of veneer in operations such as follow-up drying, applying glue, assembly, thereby improves the utilization rate of timber; Moreover, after the stress degradation treatment, formed the crackle of point-like or line segment shape on the veneer surface, increased the specific area of veneer, the resistance of the moisture discharge of timber is significantly reduced, thereby increase the rate of drying of veneer, the energy consumption when having reduced veneer drying.
The present invention has adopted pressurization, warm and humid associating method of curing, and adopting temperature be (60～120) ℃, and humidity is to carry out maintenance in the environment of (60～98) %.This method of curing has tangible advantage, aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent or resorcinol adhesive are fully solidified under damp and hot processing, further heighten the physical and mechanical property of sheet material, further the stress that sheet material is existed discharges, and has improved the dimensional stability of sheet material.
The manufacturing technology of bamboo material stacked material belongs to known technology (Zhao Renjie, analogy cloud water, artificial bamboo board technology, China Forest publishing house, 2002), and bamboo wood is cut into the long bamboo section of 2500mm by the machine of the cutting saw of crouching; Employing is cutd open the bamboo machine it is cutd open into the wide bamboo chip of 20mm that is; Remove the surf green and the tabasheer of part surface with the force plane power blader; Above-mentioned force plane bamboo bar is carried out boiling, and carry out mildew-resistant, preservative treatment; Be dried to moisture content be 7%～9%; Dried bamboo bar is carried out adjustable cast iron planes with the adjustable cast iron planes machine to it, thickness and precision remains on ± 0.2mm, aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent is coated on the side and the surface of bamboo bar, by predetermined width and thickness by horizontal assembly and rift grain assembly after, utilize normal pressure to be 2.0MPa, lateral pressure is the press of 0.2MPa, is processed into thickness and is 5,6,7.5,10,15 and 20mm, width is 1300mm, and length is the bamboo wood integrated timber of 2500mm.
Utilize the described rotary trunk-layer stripping machine without clamper of patent (ZL00106076.7), it is 8 that poplar is peeled into thickness, 9 or 10mm, width is 1300mm, length is the super thick veneer of 2500mm, utilize the described stress mechanism of degradation of ZL01280006.6, above-mentioned veneer is carried out the stress degradation treatment, make described veneer vertically form the veneer of the crackle of point-like or line segment shape after treatment at the loose side of veneer, the average length of the described crackle on the above-mentioned loose side is about 3.0cm, mean depth is 1/4 of a thickness of slab, mean breadth is 1mm, and the average headway between the crackle is 1.0cm (referring to Fig. 2).
Described rotary trunk-layer stripping machine without clamper adopts universal drive shaft as transmission mechanism, and two of being adopted are universal becomes concentric rotation; Simultaneously on the bearing that roll shaft and several ball bearings that friction mandrel adopts two ends to have to tighten nut and the roller cone bearing that is arranged in two ends support, adopting rolls cooperates, after being installed in all bearings, the body of roll and spacer on the bearing successively, tighten the nut that tightens at bearing two ends, make the end face of bearing, the body of roll and spacer mutually near becoming as a whole, guaranteed that friction mandrel is on the same linear axis; Enforcement by above two key technologies, reduced frictional force between timber and the friction roller simultaneously in the precision that increases rotary-cut, reduced the resistance of rotary-cut, reached the purpose that small diameter grade artificial fast growing wood timber is peeled into super thick veneer, its rotary cutting process is identical with the rotary cutting process of existing common no axis.
Described veneer stress mechanism of degradation adopts the friction roll wheel shaft system of active rotation feeding and special-shaped stack geared rotor system to combine, making friction roller is driving shaft, stress degraded roller is a driven axle, utilize splitting degraded mode that the lateral stress of timber is degraded, reached and do not destroyed under the prerequisite of timber longitudinal strength, finished the purpose of the stress degraded of timber, its carding process with loose side towards the stress roller of degrading, pilled-in selvedge is towards friction roller, the gap of degraded roller and friction roller is according to the palliating degradation degree adjustment, through finishing the stress degraded after the degraded.
Veneer recited above is dried to moisture content in drying machine be 7%～25%.
Described aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent is made up of host and crosslinking agent, and dosage of crosslinking agent is 5%～20% of a host, after stirring, forms aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent.
The host of described aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent is styrene-butadiene latexes (SBR), vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymerization emulsions (EVA) or polyacrylic acid emulsion.
The crosslinking agent of described aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent is polymeric isocyanate (P-MDI).
Aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent is coated on equably through the super thick veneer surface of stress degraded and recombinate bamboo or bamboo wood surface, and the glue-spread of each glue-line is at 80g/m
2～300g/m
2Between.
Use aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, the ratio of host and crosslinking agent can be: dosage of crosslinking agent is 5% of a host, and the glue-spread of corresponding each glue-line is at 200g/m
2Dosage of crosslinking agent is 20% of a host, and the glue-spread of corresponding each glue-line is at 100g/m
2Dosage of crosslinking agent is 12% of a host, and the glue-spread of corresponding each glue-line is at 150g/m
2
Use the resorcinol adhesive, the ratio of host and curing agent can be, curing agent polyformaldehyde consumption is 10% of a host, and the glue-spread of corresponding each glue-line is at 270g/m
2Hardener dose is 15% of a host, and the glue-spread of corresponding each glue-line is at 160g/m
2Dosage of crosslinking agent is 12% of a host, and the glue-spread of corresponding each glue-line is at 230g/m
2
The reorganization bamboo of gluing is mated formation on upper and lower top layer by the rift grain direction, many board using poplar boards of gluing are mated formation at sandwich layer (referring to Fig. 3) by the rift grain direction.
The above-mentioned slab that paves sent in the cold press cold pressing, pressure is (1～5) Mpa, and is for example concrete, and pressure can be 1.5Mpa, or 5Mpa, or 3Mpa; Time (20～60) min, for example, during corresponding pressure 1.5MPa, the time is 55min; When corresponding pressure was 5MPa, the time was 23min, and during corresponding 3MPa, the time is 45min; Temperature is a room temperature.
After above-mentioned slab taking-up, should carry out stacking immediately, apply the pressure of (1～2) MPa on the surface of each stacking, the stacking time is (1～5) sky, its objective is to make not completely crued adhesive continue to solidify, make slab inside because the stress that compression forms is further degraded.
Poplar is peeled into the super thick veneer of poplar that thickness is 8mm, 9mm and 10mm, with thickness be that the bamboo material stacked material of 6mm～12mm is compound, resin added is 200g/m
2, with the wood of the bamboo in the table 2 compositely proportional it being pressed into super thick bamboo poplar composite board respectively, its Main physical mechanical index is as shown in table 2.
The bamboo-wood composite board performance indications of the different bamboo wood of table 2 compositely proportional relatively
Annotate: slab thickness is 60mm, and compression ratio is 16.66%, and the thickness of product is 50mm.
As can be seen from Table 2, increase along with the bamboo wood ratio, the density of sheet material increases, the MOR of sheet material also increases thereupon, when bamboo wood ratio is 1: 5, its MOR has increased by 27.18% respectively than poplar laminated veneer lumber, and along with the continuation increase of bamboo wood ratio, the MOR of sheet material gathers way and slows down.As can be seen from Table 2, with the increase of bamboo wood ratio, the elastic modelling quantity of sheet material and glue-line shear strength slightly increase to some extent, but increasing degree is little.The glue-line shear strength of bamboo wood layer is greater than the glue-line shear strength of wood wood layer, because the permeability of timber is better than bamboo wood, the adhesive of bamboo wood layer mainly is penetrated into the timber interface, forms enhancement layer at the wood gluing interface.
The manufacturing technology of reorganization bamboo belongs to known technology, (Zhao Renjie, analogy cloud water, artificial bamboo board technology, China Forest publishing house, 2002).Divide cold pressing oven drying method and pressure sintering, the oven drying method of wherein colding pressing is with bamboo processing well-thought-out plan silk or bamboo bundle, the sheet material of through impregnation, drying, dress mould, cold pressing, the hyperthermia drying gummed being made; Pressure sintering is with bamboo processing well-thought-out plan silk or bamboo bundle, through impregnation, drying, mat formation the sheet material that hot pressing is made; Through sawing, it is 5,6,7.5,10,15 and 20mm that horizontal assembly, finger form thickness with above-mentioned reorganization bamboo, and width is 50mm, and length is the reorganization bamboo veneer of 4000mm.
The rotary-cut of China fir veneer, degraded is identical with embodiment 1 with coating technique.
Above-mentioned reorganization bamboo veneer and the super thick veneer of China fir that has been coated with glue mated formation on upper and lower surface by the reorganization bamboo clappers, the super thick veneer of China fir is mated formation at sandwich layer, mat formation in the mould of ZL200720141772.2, pressure is 5MPa, when it is pressed into the thickness of regulation, plug pin, above-mentioned mould and bamboo-wood plyboard base are sent into fog room, above-mentioned slab is stacked in the baking oven, temperature is (60～120) ℃, humidity is carried out maintenance among (60～98) %, and the time is (1～5) h.
Bamboo wood compositely proportional in the table 3 is with its super thick bamboo China fir composite board, its Main physical mechanical index such as table 3.
Annotate: slab thickness is 60mm, and compression ratio is 16.66%, and the thickness of product is 50mm.
As can be seen from Table 3, along with the increase of bamboo wood ratio, the elastic modelling quantity of sheet material and MOR increase.And the density of sheet material greatly reduces the deadweight of material itself than the density attenuating of reorganization bamboo.
Embodiment 3
Manufacturing process such as embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 of bamboo wood and reorganization bamboo, it is the thick sheet material of 8mm that its sawing is become thickness.
The rotary-cut of eucalyptus veneer, the stress degraded is identical with embodiment 1, and the thickness of veneer is 8mm.
The resorcinol adhesive is that host and curing agent are formed, and the consumption of curing agent is (8～15) % of host, after stirring, forms the resorcinol adhesive.
Host is the line style resorcinol resin liquid that contains alcohol, and curing agent is a polyformaldehyde, and the consumption of polyformaldehyde is (8～15) % of host, after stirring, forms the resorcinol adhesive.
The resorcinol adhesive is coated on equably through the Wooden veneer surface of stress degraded and recombinate bamboo or bamboo wood surface, and the glue-spread of each glue-line is at 150g/m
2～300g/m
2Between.
The reorganization bamboo of gluing or bamboo wood are mated formation on top layer up and down by the rift grain direction, the eucalyptus veneer behind 9 layers of gluing is mated formation at sandwich layer by chi structure.
The slab that combinations thereof is good is sent in the cold press and is colded pressing, and pressure is 1～5MPa; Time (20～60) min, temperature is a room temperature.
After above-mentioned slab taking-up, carry out stacking immediately, apply the pressure of (1～2) MPa on the surface of each stacking, the stacking time is (1～5) sky, its objective is to make not completely crued adhesive continue to solidify, make slab inside because the stress that compression forms is further degraded.
The super thick bamboo eucalyptus composite board of the chi structure assembly in the table 4, its Main physical mechanical index such as table 4.
As can be seen from Table 4, after employing bamboo wood and reorganization bamboo and eucalyptus were compound, the elastic modelling quantity of the rift grain of sheet material and MOR increased.
Claims (9)
1. a super-thick bamboo-wood composite board comprises central layer, panel and backboard, it is characterized in that: described central layer is that some thickness are that the super thick rotary cut venner of 6mm～12mm is formed; Described panel and backboard are made by bamboo wood, the described veneer of adjacent layer is parallel or chi structure combines in the described central layer, the described super thick veneer that constitutes central layer is for through the veneer after the stress degradation treatment, promptly is formed with the crackle of point-like or line segment shape in the rift grain direction of the loose side of every layer of described veneer; Between adjacent described veneer, glue-line is set.
2. super-thick bamboo-wood composite board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the average length of the described crackle on the described loose side is between 2.0cm-5.0cm, and mean depth is the 1/4-1/2 of thickness of slab; Perhaps,
The average length of the described crackle on the described loose side is between 2.0cm-5.0cm, and mean depth is the 1/4-1/2 of thickness of slab, and mean breadth is 0.2mm-3mm, and the average headway between the crackle is 0.5cm-5cm.
3. super-thick bamboo-wood composite board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described super-thick bamboo-wood composite board: its gross thickness 45mm-90mm.
4. super-thick bamboo-wood composite board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described super-thick bamboo-wood composite board is 1 as the thickness ratio of the bamboo wood of panel and backboard and timber: 10-2: 1.
5. super-thick bamboo-wood composite board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described bamboo wood is the thick reorganization bamboo of 5-20mm, or is the bamboo wood that is of condition of equivalent thickness.
6. super-thick bamboo-wood composite board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the glue-line that is provided with between described super-thick bamboo-wood composite plate flaggy is an aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, and glue-spread is at 80g/m
2-300g/m
2
7. super-thick bamboo-wood composite board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the glue-line that is provided with between described super-thick bamboo-wood composite plate flaggy is the resorcinol adhesive, and glue-spread is at 150g/m
2-300g/m
2
8. the manufacture method of a super-thick bamboo-wood composite board comprises procedure for preparation, coating process, assembly operation, molding procedure and maintenance operation,
(1) procedure for preparation: the adaptation step that comprises preparation, Veneer Cutting and the stress degradation treatment and the adhesive of bamboo board.Wherein: the preparation of bamboo wood comprises the recombinate preparation of bamboo and the preparation of bamboo wood;
1.1 bamboo processing is become reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood, as panel and base plate;
1.2 rounding is become the super thick veneer of 6-12mm, and degrading by the stress mechanism of degradation at the loose side of veneer forms the veneer of point-like or line segment shape crackle, after super-dry is handled, makes the moisture content of veneer reach 7-25%;
1.3 used adhesive is an aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent, form by host and crosslinking agent, host is styrene-butadiene latexes, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymerization emulsions or polyacrylic acid emulsion, crosslinking agent is a polymeric isocyanate, dosage of crosslinking agent is the 5%-20% of host, after stirring, forms aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent;
Perhaps, used adhesive is the resorcinol adhesive, is made up of host and curing agent, host is the line style resorcinol resin liquid that contains alcohol, and curing agent is a polyformaldehyde, and the consumption of polyformaldehyde is the 8-15% of host, after stirring, form the resorcinol adhesive;
(2) coating process
Aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent or resorcinol adhesive are coated on uniformly through the Wooden veneer surface of degraded and recombinate bamboo or bamboo wood surface, and the glue-spread of each glue-line exists: corresponding aquosity polymer isocyanic ester adhesion agent is 80g/m
2-300g/m
2Between; Corresponding resorcinol adhesive is 150g/m
2～300g/m
2Between;
(3) assembly operation
The veneer of reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood and the degraded of process stress is pressed rift grain or chi structure assembly, some described veneer through the stress degraded is combined the formation central layer, reorganization bamboo or bamboo wood place two sides of central layer as panel and backboard, form slab;
(4) molding procedure
Above-mentioned slab sent in the cold press cold pressing, the pressure of colding pressing is 1-5Mpa; The time 20-60min that colds pressing, the temperature of colding pressing is a room temperature.
9. the manufacture method of super-thick bamboo-wood composite board according to claim 8 is characterized in that: in the molding procedure back five processes is set also:
(5) maintenance operation
It is 60-120 ℃ that above-mentioned slab is stacked on temperature, and humidity is to carry out maintenance in the 60-98% baking oven, and curing time is 1-5h, maintenance pressure 0.6-2MPa.
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| US13/142,111 US8747987B2 (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2009-12-22 | Ultra thick bamboo-wood composite panel, ultra thick solid wood composite panel and manufacturing methods thereof |
| PCT/CN2009/075823 WO2010072139A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2009-12-22 | Ultra thick bamboo-wood composite panel, ultra thick solid wood composite panel and manufacturing methods thereof |
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