CN103600400A - Bamboo and wood composited electrical laminated wood - Google Patents

Bamboo and wood composited electrical laminated wood Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103600400A
CN103600400A CN201310594926.3A CN201310594926A CN103600400A CN 103600400 A CN103600400 A CN 103600400A CN 201310594926 A CN201310594926 A CN 201310594926A CN 103600400 A CN103600400 A CN 103600400A
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veneer
layer
bamboo
wood
phenolic aldehyde
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CN201310594926.3A
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CN103600400B (en
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关明杰
雍宬
张齐生
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南京林业大学
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Abstract

The invention discloses bamboo and wood composited electrical laminated wood and relates to a process for producing the electrical laminated wood by adopting bamboos and fast-growing wood veneers. The process includes the steps 1), subjecting a thin bamboo veneer to water boiling treatment and soaking a poplar veneer in low-molecular-weight phenolic resin for strengthening treatment; 2), drying the treated bamboo veneer and the fast-growing wood veneer to be 6-8% in moisture content, applying polyvinyl butyral modified phenolic resin class (or polyvinyl butyral class resin/epoxy resin class) and drying the treated bamboo veneer and the fast-growing wood veneer to be 6-10% in moisture content prior to assembling; 3), pressing assembled bamboo veneer and fast-growing wood veneer to obtain an electrical laminated plate under the conditions that hot-press pressure ranges from 3.5MPa to 7.0MPa, time ranges from 1-2min/mm and temperature ranges from 110DEG C to 150DEG C. The bamboo and wood composite electrical laminated wood has the advantages that a medium-density bamboo and a low-density fast-growing wood veneer are composited, the bamboo can share part of compression stress, so that the problems that the electrical laminated wood produced by the low-density bamboo with an overlarge compression ratio is low in impact performance and poor in oil absorbency are solved. The bamboo and wood composited electrical laminated wood is good in dimensional stability, large in resistance, high in intensity and capable of being used for an electrical compression piece, an electrical ring, an insulating plate and the like.

Description

A kind of bamboo wood composite electrical lamination wood

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is a kind of method that adopts bamboo wood and fast growing wood veneer to manufacture electrical laminated wood, belongs to the wood-based plate manufacturing technology field in wood working industry.

Background technology

Electrical laminated wood is the transformer part of electric utility special use, is also unique construction insulation plywood required in high pressure components and parts.Obtain well behaved electrical laminated wood, need that oil-containing is few, wood acid is few, good mechanical property, even structure, source are abundant, low-cost seeds.As all adopting beech to produce electrical laminated wood ，Dan China, the countries such as France and the Soviet Union do not produce this timber abroad.China mainly adopts birch to substitute beech at present, and high-quality birch resource is also more and more rare.Low-density poplar etc. is substituted to the beech that hardness is large, and the lamination wood of making can't meet the demands completely in performance.Bamboo wood is close with beechy hardness, by bamboo wood and compound section structure and the similar product of beech electrical laminated wood made of low-density fast growing wood, has both solved China's lamination wood resource shortage, has also found the approach of the low-density material high value added utilizations such as poplar.The bamboo wood composite electrical lamination wood function admirable that this method produces, can meet the requirement of insulating materials, and its strength character is better than external beech lamination wood, and dimensional stability etc. also compare favourably with it.

Summary of the invention

What the present invention proposed is a kind of method that fast-growing low-density veneer is compound, gummed is pressed into electrical laminated wood of bamboo veneer and strengthening, the method makes the bamboo wood of intermediate density and the low-density material after strengthening realize good balance in dielectricity, mechanical strength and the porosity of insulating materials, can produce and meet electrical apparatus insulation material requirements, the lamination wood products of tool distinct Chinese characteristics.The method has solved material problem in short supply for electrical laminated wood, has improved the added value of the fast growing woods such as poplar, has developed a kind of Novel bamboo wood complex function structural material.

Technical solution of the present invention: adopt bamboo wood and fast-growing veneer to manufacture electrical laminated wood method, comprise following processing step:

1) with thickness, be less than the bamboo rotary cut venner of 2mm ± 0.1mm, and the low-density fast growing wood veneer such as poplar is Component units; Thickness surpasses the bamboo veneer serious cracking that 2mm makes, and can not form continuous veneer; And it is serious to surpass the thick knife check of 2mm, and edge slack is asymmetric, affects the dimensional stability of plate.

2) bamboo rotary cut venner need be processed and remove hot water extract through poach, and is dried to moisture content 12-14%; The low-density material veneers such as poplar need be coated with pf resin of low molecular weight, so that low-density material cell membrane is strengthened, unlikely conquassation in hot pressing, makes conduit retain certain hole, be conducive to oil suction, keep the certain compression resilience of end article tool in 4% left and right; Adopt solid content 30%, pH value 7-8.5, the pf resin of low molecular weight double spread 350-450g/m of molecular weight below 400 2, after gluing, veneer drying is to moisture content 6-10%;

3) the fast-growing veneer of bamboo veneer and pf resin of low molecular weight being processed, be coated with the phenolic resin glue of polyvinyl butyral resin modification, hydrone residual in the hole producing during the phenolic resin curing of modification is few, reactive hydrogen base is few, effectively prevent that on the micro interface of product, hydrone is assembled, guaranteed that product is not breakdown in high voltage electric field, the good safety in utilization of tool and stability.Double spread amount 220-350g/m 2, after applying glue, be dried to moisture content 6-10%; During production lightweight electrical laminated wood, the common crosslinked phenolic resins with solid content more than 55%, but the corresponding 3.0-3.5MPa that is reduced to of pressure, the product of producing is mainly low-density electrical laminated wood.The laminate porous media of low pressure compacting is even like this, and common phenolic resins cost is lower, can significantly reduce the production cost of bamboo wood composite laminate;

4) bamboo wood composite electrical lamination wood paving structure form comprises following several:

A) the vertical alternately ground floor veneer of structure one is surface layer (≤5), second layer bamboo veneer (≤5), the 3rd layer of board using poplar board (≤5), the 4th layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, veneer, bamboo veneer texture are vertically alternately arranged, and total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is veneer;

B) the parallel alternately ground floor veneer of structure two is surface layer (≤5), second layer bamboo veneer (≤5), the 3rd layer of board using poplar board (≤5), the 4th layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, veneer, bamboo veneer texture be parallel replaces upper and lower symmetry arrangement, and total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer;

C) the vertical alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure three phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, and veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, bamboo veneer texture are vertically alternately arranged, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer;

D) the parallel alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure four phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, parallel the arranging of replacing of bamboo veneer texture, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer;

E) the vertical alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure five phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, and veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, bamboo veneer texture are vertically alternately arranged, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer;

F) the parallel alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure six phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, and veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, bamboo veneer texture is parallel alternately arranges, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer;

G) structure seven phenolic aldehyde bond paper surface configuration respectively add by the upper and lower surface of structure one or structure two or structure three or structure four or structure five or structure six the assembly structure that a phenolic aldehyde bond paper forms.

5) by the slab of the moulding of mating formation by said structure at 110 ℃-150 ℃, pressure 3.5-10.0MPa, time: be hot pressed into plate under 1.0-2min/mm condition, the lamination wood internal moisture of making is low, oil absorbency is better, and intensity is higher, good stability of the dimension, surface, without embrittlement phenomenon, is finally cooled to 50 ℃ of following ejecting plates.

Advantage of the present invention: the compound lamination timber structure that imitates the compacting of beech ring porous wood rotary cut venner of bamboo wood and low-density fast growing wood veneer, bamboo wood has increased intensity, the fast growing woods such as poplar retain certain porosity, high strength and the better feature of oil absorption when realizing insulation, have been reached, for the high value added utilization of poplar and the exploitation of Novel laminated plate have proposed new way; For insulating materials provides performance better new product, realized the production domesticization of material for high-grade lamination wood.Intensity and performance that the method is made product are equal to or are better than beech electrical laminated wood, and raw material sources are wide, and cost is lower.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The lamination timber structure schematic diagram of the symmetrical assembly of Fig. 1 bamboo veneer and board using poplar board

Fig. 2 bamboo veneer hard paper the lamination timber structure schematic diagram of the symmetrical assembly of board using poplar board

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

1) take moso bamboo rotating-cutting veneer and the board using poplar board that thickness is less than 2mm ± 0.1mm is basic comprising unit;

2) bamboo rotary cut venner need process be removed hot water extract through poach, be dried to moisture content 12-14%, in order to avoid cracking during carrying; The two-sided painting solid content 30% of board using poplar board, pH value 7.5, the pf resin of low molecular weight of molecular weight below 400, double spread amount 300g/m 2; Impregnation veneer drying is to moisture content 6-10%;

3) board using poplar board that the mao bamboon veneer being dried and low molecule phenolic resins were coated with, then impose the phenolic resins of polyvinyl butyral resin modification, double spread amount 300g/m 2, after applying glue, be dried to moisture content 6-10%;

4) assembly structure is according to performance requirement adjustment, normally bamboo veneer and board using poplar board replace symmetrical assembly, see Fig. 1, also can replace assembly for every 2 bamboo veneers and 2 board using poplar boards, the maximum quantity of bamboo veneer and the similar stack of board using poplar board is no more than 5, prevent that strong layer and weak layer accumulative total are excessive, profile density inequality out during hot pressing; Mao bamboon veneer width is generally 40-50cm, needs suitably splicing while producing larger-size laminate;

5) by the slab of the above-mentioned moulding of mating formation at 140 ℃ ± 5 ℃, pressure 5.0-6.0MPa, the time: 1.2-1.5min/mm is hot pressed into plate, plate face is cooled to 50 ℃ of following ejecting plates.

The physical and mechanical property of plate is as follows:

The averag density of plate: 0.75-1.40g/cm 3

Shock resistance: >=2000N/cm

Dielectric constant: 2.0-3.55

Withstand voltage puncturing: >=12MV/m

Embodiment 2:

Step 1) adopt that to take bamboo rotary cut venner and the board using poplar board that thickness is less than 2mm ± 0.1mm be basic comprising unit;

Step 2) the same example 2);

Step 3) bamboo veneer is coated with to the phenolic resins of polyvinyl butyral resin modification, two-sided resin added 350g/m 2, after applying glue, be dried to moisture content 6-10%;

Step 4) by the resin impregnating paper of bamboo veneer and 120 grammes per square metres, the symmetrical assembly of board using poplar board, see Fig. 2.

Step 5) by above-mentioned slab at 150 ℃ ± 5 ℃, pressure 7.0-8.0MPa, the time: 1.2-1.5min/mm is hot pressed into plate, plate face is cooled to 50 ℃ to draw off below goods.

Embodiment 3:

Step 1) adopt that to take bamboo rotary cut venner and the board using poplar board that thickness is less than 2mm ± 0.1mm be basic comprising unit;

Step 2) the same example 2);

Step 3) bamboo veneer is coated with to polyvinyl butyral resin, two-sided resin added 330g/m 2, after applying glue, be dried to moisture content 6-10%;

Step 4) by the resin impregnating paper of bamboo veneer and 120 grammes per square metres, the symmetrical assembly of board using poplar board, see Fig. 2.

Step 5) by above-mentioned slab at 150 ℃ ± 5 ℃, pressure 8.0-10.0MPa, the time: 1.2-1.5min/mm is hot pressed into plate, plate face is cooled to 40 ℃ to draw off below goods.

Embodiment 4:

Step 1) adopt that to take bamboo rotary cut venner and the board using poplar board that thickness is less than 2mm ± 0.1mm be basic comprising unit;

Step 2) the same example 2);

Step 3) bamboo veneer is coated with to polyvinyl butyral resin, two-sided resin added 330g/m 2, after applying glue, be dried to moisture content 6-10%;

Step 4), by the resin impregnating paper of bamboo veneer and 120 grammes per square metres, board using poplar board is pressed after the symmetrical assembly of Fig. 2, in upper and lower surface, respectively adds a Phenolic impregnated film adhesive;

Step 5) by above-mentioned slab at 150 ℃ ± 5 ℃, pressure 8.0-10.0MPa, the time: 1.2-1.5min/mm is hot pressed into plate, plate face is cooled to 40 ℃ to draw off below goods.

Embodiment 5

1) take moso bamboo rotating-cutting veneer and the board using poplar board that thickness is less than 2mm ± 0.1mm is basic comprising unit;

2) bamboo rotary cut venner need process be removed hot water extract through poach, be dried to moisture content 12-14%, in order to avoid cracking during carrying; The two-sided painting solid content 30% of board using poplar board, pH value 7.5, the pf resin of low molecular weight of molecular weight below 400, double spread amount 300g/m 2; Impregnation veneer drying is to moisture content 6-10%;

3) board using poplar board that the mao bamboon veneer being dried and low molecule phenolic resins were coated with, then impose the more than 55% common crosslinked phenolic resins of solid content, double spread amount 320g/m 2, after applying glue, be dried to moisture content 6-10%;

4) bamboo veneer and board using poplar board replace symmetrical assembly, see Fig. 1, also can replace assembly for every 2 bamboo veneers and 2 board using poplar boards, the maximum quantity of bamboo veneer and the similar stack of board using poplar board is no more than 5, prevent that strong layer and weak layer accumulative total are excessive, profile density inequality out during hot pressing; Mao bamboon veneer width is generally 40-50cm, needs suitably splicing while producing larger-size laminate;

5) by the slab of the above-mentioned moulding of mating formation at 140 ℃ ± 5 ℃, pressure is 3.0-3.5MPa, the time: 1.5min/mm is hot pressed into plate, plate face is cooled to 50 ℃ of following ejecting plates.

Claims (7)

1. adopt bamboo wood and fast growing wood veneer to manufacture electrical laminated wood method, it is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
1) take bamboo rotary cut venner and the fast growing wood low-density veneer that thickness is less than 2mm ± 0.1mm is Component units;
2) rotary-cut bamboo veneer need be processed and remove hot water extract through poach, is dried to moisture content 12-14%; The low-density veneers such as poplar need be coated with pf resin of low molecular weight, adopt solid content 30%, pH value 7-8.5, and molecular weight is the pf resin of low molecular weight double spread 280-350g/m below 400 2; Impregnation veneer drying is to moisture content 6-10%;
3) the fast-growing veneer that bamboo veneer and pf resin of low molecular weight were coated with, imposes the phenolic resins of polyvinyl butyral resin modification or polyvinyl acetal-based resin, epoxy resin, double spread amount 220-350g/m 2, after applying glue, be dried to moisture content 6-10%;
4) by the slab of the above-mentioned moulding of mating formation at 110 ℃-150 ℃, pressure 3.5-7.0MPa, time: be hot pressed into plate under 1.0-2.0min/mm condition, be cooled to 50 ℃ to draw off below goods.
2. according in claim 1 1) described bamboo veneer and veneer be not all containing the impurity of influential dielectric properties, and the conductive impurity in processing needs to remove, in order to avoid affect the electrical insulating property of product.
3. according in claim 1 2) the present invention's low-density material veneers such as poplar used must be coated with pf resin of low molecular weight, adopt solid content 30%, pH value 7-8.5, molecular weight is the pf resin of low molecular weight double spread 280-350g/m below 400 2; So that low-density material cell membrane is strengthened, unlikely conquassation in hot pressing, makes conduit retain certain hole, is conducive to oil suction.
4. according in claim 1 3) phenolic resins of polyvinyl butyral resin modification used, the content of phenolic resins should be more than 50-60%, and curing agent adopts epoxylite.
5. according in claim 1 3) during production lightweight electrical laminated wood, the common crosslinked phenolic resins with solid content more than 55%, but the corresponding 3.0-3.5MPa that is reduced to of pressure, the product of producing is mainly low-density electrical laminated wood.
6. according to 4 in claim 1) can be by 3 during assembly) in the resin impregnating paper assembly together of dried bamboo veneer, low-density fast growing wood veneer that low molecular weight novolak was processed and 120 grams, produce wooden paper bamboo composite electrical lamination wood products.
7. according to a kind of bamboo wood of one of claim 1-5 and fast growing wood veneer, manufacture the electrical laminated wood of the method production of electrical laminated wood, it is characterized in that take that the low-density fast growing wood veneers such as bamboo veneer and poplar are construction unit, the fast-growing veneers such as poplar are after the cell membrane intensive treatment of too low molecule phenolic resins, with the phenolic resins of polyvinyl butyral resin modification or the gummed hot pressing of common phenolic resins and well-thought-out plan wood composite electrical lamination wood.Specific constructive form comprises following several:
A) the vertical alternately ground floor veneer of structure one is surface layer (≤5), second layer bamboo veneer (≤5), the 3rd layer of board using poplar board (≤5), the 4th layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, veneer, bamboo veneer texture are vertically alternately arranged, and total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is veneer.
B) the parallel alternately ground floor veneer of structure two is surface layer (≤5), second layer bamboo veneer (≤5), the 3rd layer of board using poplar board (≤5), the 4th layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, veneer, bamboo veneer texture be parallel replaces upper and lower symmetry arrangement, and total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer.
C) the vertical alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure three phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, and veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, bamboo veneer texture are vertically alternately arranged, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer.
D) the parallel alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure four phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, parallel the arranging of replacing of bamboo veneer texture, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer.
E) the vertical alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure five phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, and veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, bamboo veneer texture are vertically alternately arranged, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer.
F) the parallel alternating structure ground floor veneer of structure six phenolic aldehyde bond papers enhancing veneers is surface layer (≤5), second layer phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5), the 3rd layer of bamboo veneer (≤5), the 4th layer of board using poplar board (≤5), layer 5 phenolic aldehyde bond paper (≤5) layer 6 bamboo veneer (≤5), the rest may be inferred, and veneer, phenolic aldehyde bond paper, bamboo veneer texture is parallel alternately arranges, total number of plies is odd number, and nethermost surface layer is also veneer.
G) structure seven phenolic aldehyde bond paper surface configuration respectively add by the upper and lower surface of structure one or structure two or structure three or structure four or structure five or structure six the assembly structure that a phenolic aldehyde bond paper forms.
CN201310594926.3A 2013-11-25 2013-11-25 A kind of bamboo wood composite electrical lamination wood CN103600400B (en)

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CN105082269A (en) * 2015-08-24 2015-11-25 湖南桃花江实业有限公司 Wood base composite and manufacturing method thereof
CN105773763A (en) * 2016-03-15 2016-07-20 东北林业大学 Preparation method for low-cost insulating phenolic resin laminated board resistant to moisture and heat
CN107127858A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-05 康利源科技（天津）股份有限公司 A kind of electrician's veneer thin slice production technology
CN107127843A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-05 康利源科技（天津）股份有限公司 The technique that a kind of use beech seeds make electrical laminated plank
CN107322741A (en) * 2017-08-10 2017-11-07 马鞍山市谷庆门业有限公司 A kind of China fir boarded door processing technology

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CN105082269A (en) * 2015-08-24 2015-11-25 湖南桃花江实业有限公司 Wood base composite and manufacturing method thereof
CN105773763A (en) * 2016-03-15 2016-07-20 东北林业大学 Preparation method for low-cost insulating phenolic resin laminated board resistant to moisture and heat
CN105773763B (en) * 2016-03-15 2017-12-19 东北林业大学 The preparation method of wet-heat resisting low cost insulation phenolic sheet
CN107127858A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-05 康利源科技（天津）股份有限公司 A kind of electrician's veneer thin slice production technology
CN107127843A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-05 康利源科技（天津）股份有限公司 The technique that a kind of use beech seeds make electrical laminated plank
CN107322741A (en) * 2017-08-10 2017-11-07 马鞍山市谷庆门业有限公司 A kind of China fir boarded door processing technology

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