CN101524627B - Preparing method of cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film - Google Patents
Preparing method of cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524627B CN101524627B CN2009100483896A CN200910048389A CN101524627B CN 101524627 B CN101524627 B CN 101524627B CN 2009100483896 A CN2009100483896 A CN 2009100483896A CN 200910048389 A CN200910048389 A CN 200910048389A CN 101524627 B CN101524627 B CN 101524627B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparing method of a cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film, which includes two steps of the preparation of a polyvinyl alcohol basal membrane and the preparation of a permeation evaporating film. The invention uses the porous polysulfones bottom membrane with high mechanical strength as a basal material to carry out the chemical cross linkage of the polyvinyl alcohol to prepare the permeation evaporating compound film, improves the defect that the original mechanical strength of the uniform-phase cross-linkage polyvinyl alcohol membrane can only be guaranteed by increasing the membrane thickness, reduces the permeation resistance of the film, and finally improves the permeation flux of the film. The preparing method of the invention is novel and simple, and the compound membrane has good solution stability, high flux and high selectivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method who is used for the cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film of high flux that glycol water separates, high selectivity,
Background technology
The polymer penetration evaporating film is widely used in the dehydration of organic mixture; Water treatment and organic matter separate with organic; Wherein the most successful application of osmotic evaporation film is the dehydration of water soluble organic substance, so researchers drop into a large amount of energy and developed a series of osmotic evaporation films that are used to carry out isopropyl alcohol, acetone, oxolane, glycol dehydration.
In present chemical industry, ethylene glycol mainly is used to produce the drier of motor vehicle antifreeze fluid, aircraft industry, and as the organic solvent that reclaims waste polyester fiber and resin, for reducing environmental pollution, promoting the resource circulation utilization to play positive effect.Because ethylene glycol and water have good compatibility, prepare highly purified ethylene glycol through traditional distil process, energy consumption is big, operating cost is high, highly toxic ethylene glycol steam also pollutes the environment.Seeing that multistage distillation is expensive, realize that through pervaporation the dehydration of glycol water just has very high economy and feasibility.
Polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, shitosan are widely used in preparing the homogeneous phase osmotic evaporation film of organics dehydration at present; Wherein polyvinyl alcohol film has very high flux; But because the high swelling property in organic solvent has limited its permselective property, so the research staff attempts improving the polyvinyl alcohol film properties with chemical modification means such as crosslinked, blend, grafting.Though these crosslinked homogeneous polyethylene alcohol pervaporations have low swellability and high selectivity, because the general thickness of homogeneous membrane all has 30～60um, so diffusional resistance is high, the permeation flux of film is low.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the preparation method of a kind of high flux, high selectivity cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film; The cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film mechanical strength of the present invention's preparation is high; Solvent selectivity is good; The top layer thickness is approximately 1～8um, and the permeation flux of film can improve 3～10 times than homogeneous membrane.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of preparation method of cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film comprises the following steps:
The preparation of the composite membrane that A, polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie constitute
Be that 1600～1900 polyvinyl alcohol is in 50～90 ℃ of dissolvings with the degree of polymerization; Process mass concentration and be 5～15% homogeneous phase solution; Remove impurity with strainer filtering,, then poly-vinyl alcohol solution is poured in the metal frame that accompanies porous polysulfones counterdie with vavuum pump deaeration 2 hours; Kept 1～5 minute; Remove the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that remains in polysulfones surface with rubber rollers, obtained basement membrane in 1～5 hour 40 ℃ of vacuum drying then, wherein said porous polysulfones counterdie be selected from polysulfones, polyether sulfone, polyether ethersulfone one of them;
The preparation of B, osmotic evaporation film
With mass concentration is that 0.05%～2% chemical crosslinking agent solution is poured in the metal frame of the composite membrane that accompanies polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie formation; Kept 10～90 minutes; Then this cross linking membrane is immersed and keep removing in 4～8 hours residual solvent and the chemical cross-linking agent that remains in the film surface in 40 ℃ of water; Cross linking membrane after will handling is at last put into 50 ℃ vacuum drying oven and was kept 24 hours; Obtain target product, wherein said chemical cross-linking agent be selected from pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride, glutaraldehyde, maleic acid, m-phthaloyl chloride, o-phthaloyl chloride one of them.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is through adopting the high porous polysulfones counterdie of mechanical strength as base material; Carry out processes for chemically crosslinked polyethylene alcohol and prepare penetrating and distilling composite membranes; Having improved in the past, homogeneous phase cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol film relies on the increase thickness could guarantee the deficiency of mechanical strength; Reduce the osmotic resistance of film, finally improved the permeation flux of film.The present invention has simultaneously regulated the hydrophily and the degree of cross linking of diffusion barrier through changing the consumption and the crosslinking time of efficient chemical cross-linking agent, thereby prepares not the osmotic evaporation film of stalling characteristic bitterly, to satisfy the following not needs of occasion bitterly.Preparation method of the present invention is novel, simple, and the solvent stability of composite membrane is good, and flux is high, and selectivity is high.
The specific embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is described in further detail below, a kind of preparation method of cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film comprises the following steps:
The preparation of the composite membrane that A, polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie constitute
Be that 1600～1900 polyvinyl alcohol is in 50～90 ℃ of dissolvings with the degree of polymerization; Process mass concentration and be 5～15% homogeneous phase solution; Remove impurity with strainer filtering,, then poly-vinyl alcohol solution is poured in the metal frame that accompanies porous polysulfones counterdie with vavuum pump deaeration 2 hours; Kept 1～5 minute; Remove the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that remains in polysulfones surface with rubber rollers, obtained basement membrane in 1～5 hour 40 ℃ of vacuum drying then, wherein said porous polysulfones counterdie be selected from polysulfones, polyether sulfone, polyether ethersulfone one of them;
The preparation of B, osmotic evaporation film
With mass concentration is that 0.05%～2% chemical crosslinking agent solution is poured in the metal frame of the composite membrane that accompanies polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie formation; Kept 10～90 minutes; Then this cross linking membrane is immersed and keep removing in 4～8 hours residual solvent and the chemical cross-linking agent that remains in the film surface in 40 ℃ of water; Cross linking membrane after will handling is at last put into 50 ℃ vacuum drying oven and was kept 24 hours; Obtain target product, wherein said chemical cross-linking agent be selected from pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride, glutaraldehyde, maleic acid, m-phthaloyl chloride, o-phthaloyl chloride one of them.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of the composite membrane that A, polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie constitute
Be that 1600～1900 polyvinyl alcohol is in 90 ℃ of dissolvings with the degree of polymerization; Process mass concentration and be 5% homogeneous phase solution 50g, the polyvinyl alcohol that configures is removed impurity with strainer filtering, with vavuum pump deaeration 2 hours; Then poly-vinyl alcohol solution is poured in the metal frame that accompanies porous polysulfones counterdie; Kept 3 minutes, and removed the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that remains in the polysulfones surface, obtained basement membrane in 2 hours 40 ℃ of vacuum drying then with rubber rollers;
The preparation of B, osmotic evaporation film
With mass concentration is that alkane mixed solution I SOPAR G (EXXONCORP.) the solution 100g of 0.05% pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride pours in the metal frame that accompanies the composite membrane that polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie constitute; Kept 60 minutes; Then this cross linking membrane is immersed and keep removing in 6 hours residual solvent and the chemical cross-linking agent that remains in the film surface in 40 ℃ of water; Cross linking membrane after will handling is at last put into 50 ℃ vacuum drying oven and was kept 24 hours, obtains the penetrating and distilling composite membranes of target product high flux, high selectivity.
Diffusion barrier is tiled on the porous stainless steel, uses sealing ring and the densification of pervaporation mould then, effective area is 24cm
2To the charging pond add the 200g mass concentration be 90% glycol water as test fluid, the outlet of osmotic cell links to each other with vavuum pump with cold-trap, keeps vacuum 300Pa.Under stirring condition, add thermal test solution to 60 ℃ and kept 1 hour, with circulating pump 60 ℃ glycol water is pumped into mould with 2L/min from the charging pond then, collect penetrating fluid with cold-trap.With gas Chromatographic Determination solution (C
0) and penetrating fluid (C
t) in water content, with the quality (W) of weight method analytical unit time penetrating fluid, and calculate penetrating fluid flux J according to formula J=W/ (A*T), wherein A is the effective area of film, T is the time cycle of sampling; The selectivity of diffusion barrier is according to formula a=(C
0/ (1-C
0))/(C
t/ (1-C
t)).The penetrating and distilling composite membranes of the high flux that is prepared from, high selectivity is tested under the film properties sign condition of above-mentioned standard, and test result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2～5
The concentration and the crosslinking time of chemical cross-linking agent pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride (TMC) are seen table 1 among the step B, and remaining step and parameter are all with embodiment 1, and corresponding test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Comparative example 1 (homogeneous phase cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol film)
With the degree of polymerization be 1600～1900 polyvinyl alcohol in 90 ℃ of dissolvings, process mass concentration and be 5% homogeneous phase solution 50g, the polyvinyl alcohol that configures is removed impurity with strainer filtering, with vavuum pump deaeration 2 hours.The glutaraldehyde that under condition of stirring, in this polyvinyl alcohol water solution, adds 2g25%; The hydrochloric acid solution that adds 0.1g0.5M again stirs and mixes after 5 hours, then pours casting solution on glass plate knifing; Drying at room temperature 24 hours; Take off film, put into drying box then and heat-treat for 120 ℃, promptly obtain homogeneous phase cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol film.The diffusion barrier that is prepared from is tested under the film properties sign condition of above-mentioned standard, and permeation flux is 0.11Kg/m
2H, selectivity is 550, thickness 33um.
Embodiment 6
Replace the porous polysulfones with the porous polyether sulfone in the steps A, using mass concentration among the step B is the hydrochloric acid mixed solution 100g replacement pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride (TMC) of 25% glutaraldehyde and 5%0.5M, and all the other steps and parameter are all with embodiment 1.The diffusion barrier that is prepared from is tested under the film properties sign condition of above-mentioned standard, and permeation flux is 0.36Kg/m
2H, selectivity is 246, thickness 6um.
Said content is merely the basic explanation of the present invention under conceiving, and according to any equivalent transformation that technical scheme of the present invention is done, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol permeation evaporating compound film comprises the following steps:
The preparation of the composite membrane that A, polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie constitute
Be that 1600～1900 polyvinyl alcohol is in 50～90 ℃ of dissolvings with the degree of polymerization; Process mass concentration and be 5～15% homogeneous phase solution; Remove impurity with strainer filtering,, then poly-vinyl alcohol solution is poured in the metal frame that accompanies porous polysulfones counterdie with vavuum pump deaeration 2 hours; Kept 1～5 minute; Remove the poly-vinyl alcohol solution that remains in polysulfones surface with rubber rollers, obtained basement membrane in 1～5 hour 40 ℃ of vacuum drying then, wherein said porous polysulfones counterdie be selected from polysulfones, polyether sulfone, polyether ethersulfone one of them;
The preparation of B, osmotic evaporation film
With mass concentration is that 0.05%～2% chemical crosslinking agent solution is poured in the metal frame of the composite membrane that accompanies polyvinyl alcohol and polysulfones counterdie formation; Kept 10～90 minutes; Then this cross linking membrane is immersed and keep removing in 4～8 hours residual solvent and the chemical cross-linking agent that remains in the film surface in 40 ℃ of water; Cross linking membrane after will handling is at last put into 50 ℃ vacuum drying oven and was kept 24 hours; Obtain target product, wherein said chemical cross-linking agent be selected from pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride, glutaraldehyde, maleic acid, m-phthaloyl chloride, o-phthaloyl chloride one of them.
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| CN104292480B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2019-03-22 | 盐城师范学院 | Have both the partial cross-linking ionic membrane and preparation method thereof of stability and separating property |
| WO2019090470A1 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2019-05-16 | 蔡燕铃 | Highly permeable and highly selective pva/ga/cs-m+ pervaporation film for dehydration of organic solutions |
| CN112604678B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-21 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Photocatalytic composite particle and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114522549A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Preparation method of SAPO-34/PVA pervaporation composite membrane |
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