CN101509986B - Wave wafer, manufacturing method, mold and liquid crystal panel - Google Patents
Wave wafer, manufacturing method, mold and liquid crystal panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101509986B CN101509986B CN200910129556XA CN200910129556A CN101509986B CN 101509986 B CN101509986 B CN 101509986B CN 200910129556X A CN200910129556X A CN 200910129556XA CN 200910129556 A CN200910129556 A CN 200910129556A CN 101509986 B CN101509986 B CN 101509986B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wave wafer which is designed for linearly polarized light of wide band wavelength; the thickness of the wave wafer is changeable, the phase difference between o light and e light when the minimum wavelength permeates through the minimum thickness and the phase difference between o light and e light when the maximum wavelength permeates through the maximum thickness are both odd number of times of half of Pi, thus leading light with any wavelength to exist at a certain corresponding position so as to lead the phase difference to be odd number of times of half of Pi, therefore, the emergent light is converted from linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light. The invention also discloses a method for manufacturing the wave wafer, and a mold thereof; the wave wafer manufactured by adopting the method and the mold is light, thin and soft, convenient for carrying, and can lead lights with any wavelength to contain the circularly polarized light after thelinearly polarized light of the wide band passes through. The invention simultaneously discloses a liquid crystal panel which contains the wave wafer, and all the lights with any wavelength in the emergent light of the liquid crystal panel contain the circularly polarized light, thereby reducing the visual fatigue of viewers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical polarization technology, particularly a kind of quarter wave plate 14 and method for making and mould, and the liquid crystal panel of using this quarter wave plate 14.
Background technology
At present, along with the continuous development of display technique, the Thin Film Transistor-LCD (TFT-LCD) with superior functions such as high-quality, low power consumption, volume are little, radiationless has been widely used, and becomes the main flow in market.The game machine of Chu Xianing, electronic dictionary, digital camera etc. have products such as the small-sized electronic product of display screen and notebook computer, monitor, LCD TV in the market, and liquid crystal display has become that the public knows and the main flow display technique of widespread use.
Accelerated development along with social informatization, in the routine work life people to information to obtain utilization more and more stronger, need use PC in office daytime, a night in by seeing that TV or online obtain information, therefore, people will spend a large amount of time in the face of liquid crystal indicator, as PC, LCD TV etc.
Common LCD is Twisted Nematic LCD (Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display), is called for short " TN type LCD ".The liquid crystal panel structure of Twisted Nematic LCD as shown in Figure 1, dottle pins such as the beaded glass of two band glass substrates 121 of transparency electrodes and 131 usefulness micron diameters or plastics are done sept, the edge is fixed with glue, splash into twisted nematic liquid crystal 110, twisted nematic liquid crystal 110 twists 90 degree between upper and lower base plate 121 and 131.Two orthogonal polaroids 122 of optical axis and 132 are attached to the upper and lower base plate 121 and 131 outsides respectively.The polarizing axis of last polaroid 122 is parallel with the liquid crystal aligning at upper substrate 121 places, and the polarizing axis of following polaroid 132 is parallel with the liquid crystal aligning at infrabasal plate 131 places.Natural light from last polaroid 122 to following polaroid 132 incident liquid crystal on polaroid 122, light does not become the polarized light of parallel upper substrate 121 place's liquid crystal alignings by last polaroid 122 during added electric field, polarized light then is twisted nematic liquid crystal 110 optically-actives, just in time parallel after turning over 90 degree with the optical axis of infrabasal plate 131 place's polaroids 132, can see through, become the bright attitude of polaroid on the liquid crystal; Twisted nematic liquid crystal 110 molecules are vertical along direction of an electric field during added electric field, aligned twisted originally becomes and is homeotropic alignment, the liquid crystal of homeotropic alignment does not produce effect to the polarized light that sees through it, the polarized light that sees through last polaroid 122 during by twisted nematic liquid crystal 110 polarization state no longer rotate, when arriving the polaroid 132 of exit end, because polarizing axis is vertical with the polarization direction of emergent light, light is cut off, and presents dark attitude.If electric field is not strong especially, liquid crystal molecule is in half vertical state, and the optically-active effect also is in half complete state, then has the part light transmission, presents middle gray, the basic functional principle of polaroid on Here it is the twisted nematic liquid crystals.By above principle as can be known, the emergent light of polaroid is a kind of linearly polarized light on the common twisted nematic liquid crystals.
Polaroid on the liquid crystal of other different display modes, the principle of polaroid is similar on its ultimate principle and the above-mentioned twisted nematic liquid crystals, and the light of its final outgoing all is linearly polarized light.Because the vibration vector of linearly polarized light only is distributed in a certain fixed-direction, and is bigger to the stimulation of human eye, watching emergent light is that polaroid very easily causes fatigue to human eye on the liquid crystal of linearly polarized light.And the mankind live in the Nature for a long time, and daylight is relatively adapted to.It is that this equally distributed natural light is isotropic to the stimulation of the photosensory cell of human eye uniformly that the vector of natural light on all directions distributes, and the human eye common practice is in this natural light.In polarized light, though circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light also are a kind of polarized lights, but because their direction vector is with fixing angular velocity fast rotational evenly, so also show as isotropy, the most approaching with natural light, therefore, compare with linearly polarized light, human eye watches circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light comparatively comfortable.The existing report of industry is pointed out, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light are compared linear polarization luminous energy and are significantly reduced human eye vision fatigue, and the visual fatigue that polaroid linearly polarized light output changing into circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light on the liquid crystal are exported human eye has a significant effect.Circularly polarized light and elliptically polarized light are compared, because the vector of elliptically polarized light constantly changes its size, vector on all directions varies in size, and the vector size of circularly polarized light does not change all the time, just direction vector changes, so, compare with elliptically polarized light, circularly polarized light is littler to the stimulation of human eye, watches more comfortable.
In existing optical technology, adopt quarter wave plate 14 to change polarized state of light.In traditional optical material, generally select for use birefringece crystal to make quarter wave plate 14, according to the thickness of 1/4th design quarter wave plate 14s of certain fixed light wavelength, with the line polarisation with special angle incident, with the quarter wave plate 14 Thickness Design be for the phase differential of this optical wavelength by back o light and e light
Odd-multiple, so just make linearly polarized light change circularly polarized light into.The thickness owing to this quarter wave plate 14 mostly designs according to certain fixed light wavelength, for the light of a certain broad band wavelength, only has the light that satisfies this fixed light wavelength just can change circularly polarized light into through behind this quarter wave plate 14; And for the light of other wavelength in the broadband light, behind this quarter wave plate 14, phase differential between
Arrive to π and π
With and the light of integral multiple become elliptically polarized light, phase differential be π with and the light of integral multiple still be linearly polarized light.Because the color that different optical wavelength is corresponding different, and must represent multiple different color simultaneously as polaroid on the liquid crystal of display device, so use the quarter wave plate 14 of prior art, the only circularly polarized light that has only a certain particular color on the liquid crystal in the emergent light of polaroid, and the light of other color does not comprise circularly polarized light fully, causes sense of fatigue and sense of discomfort that human eye is watched easily.Therefore the quarter wave plate 14 of this fixed light wavelength is not suitable for being applied to display device, and its range of application is restricted.And the design of other broadband quarter wave plate 14, with the quarter wave plate 14 stack of several different fixing optical wavelength, this method can make cost increase again, and increases the loss of light, reduces the utilization ratio of light.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of quarter wave plate 14, makes the broadband line polarized light through behind this quarter wave plate 14, and the light of any wavelength all comprises circularly polarized light in the emergent light.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for making of quarter wave plate 14 and makes the required mould of this quarter wave plate 14, makes the broadband line polarized light through behind the quarter wave plate 14 of producing, and the light of any wavelength all comprises circularly polarized light in the emergent light.
Another object of the present invention is to provide polaroid on a kind of liquid crystal that comprises quarter wave plate 14, make in the emergent light of polaroid on the liquid crystal that the light of wavelength all comprises circularly polarized light arbitrarily.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention specifically is achieved in that
The invention discloses a kind of quarter wave plate 14, adopt anisotropic medium, comprise upper surface and lower surface, the thickness between upper surface and the lower surface changes;
Its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the anisotropic medium; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
Described upper surface is a curved surface, and lower surface is the plane; Perhaps, described upper surface and lower surface all are curved surfaces; Described curved surface is a smooth surface.
Described thickness is cyclical variation with the quarter wave plate 14 width, and the span of a period of change is 150um to 600um.
λ
1Be the optical wavelength of 380nm to 780nm; λ
2Be the optical wavelength of 380nm to 780nm.
Described anisotropic medium is one or more layers nematic liquid crystal that ordered liquid crystal molecule is arranged.
Described anisotropic medium is the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers, and described nematic liquid crystal is one or more layers of ordered liquid crystal molecule arrangement, and described small molecule monomer is the compound that can form transparent polymer.
Described small molecule monomer comprises one or more the potpourri in styrene or the acrylic ester compound.
The invention also discloses a kind of method for making of quarter wave plate 14, may further comprise the steps:
A, the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers is instiled in the common plane mould, described small molecule monomer is the compound that can form transparent polymer;
B, to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation;
C, utilize UV-irradiation or heating to make nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal mixture solidified, after the curing mould is removed;
D, the nematic liquid crystal that solidified or the upper surface of nematic liquid crystal potpourri are etched into smooth surface, make its variation in thickness, minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
Described small molecule monomer comprises one or more the potpourri in styrene or the acrylic ester compound.
Described step B utilizes electric field or magnetic field to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.
Further comprising before the steps A: the lower surface in mould evenly applies one deck alignment agent and alignment agent is rubbed, and the alignment agent after the then described step B utilization friction is to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.
The invention also discloses a kind of method for making of quarter wave plate 14, may further comprise the steps:
A, the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers is instiled in transparent mould, described small molecule monomer is the compound that can form transparent polymer, thickness between the upper and lower surface of described transparent mould changes, and its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2And upper surface is a smooth surface;
B, to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation;
C, utilize UV-irradiation or heating to make nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal mixture solidified, after the curing mould is removed.
Described small molecule monomer comprises one or more the potpourri in styrene or the acrylic ester compound.
Described step B utilizes electric field or magnetic field to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.
Further comprising before the steps A: the lower surface in mould evenly applies one deck alignment agent and alignment agent is rubbed, and the alignment agent after the then described step B utilization friction is to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.
The invention also discloses a kind of liquid crystal panel, comprise the upper and lower base plate that accompanies liquid crystal layer, the upper and lower base plate outside is posted polaroid and following polaroid respectively, also comprises:
Quarter wave plate 14 is positioned at the last polaroid outside on the emergent light exit direction, adopts anisotropic medium, comprises upper surface and lower surface, and the thickness between upper surface and the lower surface changes; Upper surface is a smooth surface; Its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the anisotropic medium; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
The invention also discloses a kind of mould of making the liquid crystal quarter wave plate 14, comprise first parts and second parts of the certain space of being separated by, the space that is separated by be used to the to instil potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers,
The thickness in space of being separated by between first parts and second parts changes; Upper surface is a smooth surface; Its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
As seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention is what change with the Thickness Design of quarter wave plate 14, according to minimum thickness and the maximum ga(u)ge that the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broad band wavelength light designs quarter wave plate 14 respectively, see through quarter wave plate 14 after the minimum light wavelength be at the phase differential of the o at maximum ga(u)ge place light and e light in the phase differential and the maximum optical wavelength of the o of minimum thickness place light and e light
Odd-multiple, thereby after making that one group of broadband line polarized light sees through this quarter wave plate 14, in the emergent light arbitrarily the light of wavelength all comprise circularly polarized light, reduce the visual fatigue that human eye is watched.And the present invention adopts liquid crystal material to prepare quarter wave plate 14, makes quarter wave plate 14 thin thickness, softness and easy to use and carry.In quarter wave plate 14 manufacturing process, adopt the mode in extra electric field or magnetic field that liquid crystal material is orientated, avoided the pollution of adopting the alignment agent friction to bring, improved the quality of quarter wave plate 14.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of the liquid crystal panel of prior art Twisted Nematic LCD;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of first preferred embodiment of quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of first kind of method for making of middle quarter wave plate 14 embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is second kind of method for making die structure dwg of middle quarter wave plate 14 embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of second kind of method for making of middle quarter wave plate 14 embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
Fig. 6 directly is attached at the synoptic diagram that use in the liquid crystal panel outside for quarter wave plate 14 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
The synoptic diagram that Fig. 7 places the polaroid outside to use for quarter wave plate 14 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
The synoptic diagram that Fig. 8 places the compensation film for angular field of view outside to use for quarter wave plate 14 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
Fig. 9 is the structural drawing of second preferred embodiment of quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below with reference to the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, the present invention is described in more detail.
The present invention is directed to the design of broad band wavelength light, quarter wave plate 14 is designed to the shape of variation in thickness, minimum and maximum optical wavelength according to broad band wavelength light design minimum thickness and maximum ga(u)ge respectively, make the minimum light wavelength see through the phase differential of the quarter wave plate 14 minimum thickness o of place light and e light and maximum optical wavelength and are through the phase differential of the o of maximum ga(u)ge place light and e light
Odd-multiple, thereby make the light for any wavelength all exist a certain correspondence position to make phase differential be
Odd-multiple, then emergent light becomes circularly polarized light by linearly polarized light.Thereby after one group of broadband line polarized light sees through this quarter wave plate 14, in the emergent light arbitrarily the light of wavelength all comprise circularly polarized light, and then reduce the visual fatigue that human eye is watched.
In the accompanying drawings, for representing clear thickness and zone of amplifying layer, identical Reference numeral is represented components identical all the time, should understand, when claim such as the element of layer, film another element " on " time, it can be located immediately on this another element, also can have the element that interleaves.On the contrary, when claim element " directly " be positioned at another element " on " time, then do not have the element that interleaves.
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of first preferred embodiment of quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, quarter wave plate 14 is made of anisotropic medium, has upper surface 101 and lower surface 102.Thickness between upper surface 101 and the lower surface 102 changes, and in the present embodiment, being cyclical variation with thickness with the quarter wave plate 14 width is example.Its minimum thickness is designed to
And maximum ga(u)ge is designed to
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the anisotropic medium, select corresponding parameters respectively for use according to the material behavior of various different mediums; λ
1And λ
2Be respectively minimum and maximum optical wavelength in the broad band wavelength light, so λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
Consider that optical vibration direction becomes the situation of miter angle incident with optical axis.Because in anisotropic medium, the phase differential of o light and e light
D is a dielectric thickness in the formula, when the phase differential that satisfies o light and e light is
Odd-multiple the time, linearly polarized light becomes circularly polarized light.Then for the incident light of broad band wavelength, at the minimum thickness place, the light of minimum wavelength by the phase differential of back o light and e light is
At the maximum ga(u)ge place, the light of maximum wavelength by the phase differential of back o light and e light is
That is, in both cases, the phase differential of o light and e light is
Odd-multiple, so light becomes circularly polarized light by linearly polarized light; Then between minimum thickness and maximum ga(u)ge,, all there is a position to make this wavelength be by the phase differential of back o light and e light for the light of any wavelength in this broad band wavelength incident light
Odd-multiple, thereby make the linearly polarized light of this wavelength become circularly polarized light, and the emergent light in all the other positions is an elliptically polarized light.Thereby, when quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention is used for LCD, the linearly polarized light of various different colours can be converted to circularly polarized light and elliptically polarized light, thereby reduce stimulation human eye, reduced the visual fatigue that people watch.
For above-mentioned design to quarter wave plate 14, the broad band wavelength light of incident is example, then λ with the visible light
1And λ
2Get 380nm and 780nm respectively.Also can the broadband light wave be chosen as one section range of wavelengths of visible light according to actual needs.
It is that the curved surface lower surface is the plane that quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention can be designed as upper surface, perhaps, upper and lower surface all is curved surfaces, and the shape of curved surface can be the curved surface of smooth surface, trapezoidal curved surface, zigzag curved surface or arbitrary shape, as long as satisfy above-mentioned design for quarter wave plate 14 thickness.
The present invention limits the minimum and maximum thickness of quarter wave plate 14, and requires quarter wave plate 14 thickness to change between maximum ga(u)ge and minimum thickness to get final product.For ease of making, can be designed as the thickness cyclical variation, take all factors into consideration the resolution of human eye and the pixel wide of LCD (LCD) and design its period of change.Consider the resolution of eye-observation, human eye angle of minimum resolution degree is 1 ', with the distance of distinct vision be 25cm as a reference, the distinguishable minimum dimension of human eye is 700um.And the pixel overall width of main flow LCD is less than 600um at present, and one time pixel (sub-pixel) width is about 150um.Therefore, the present invention is to choose a certain fixed value in 150um to 600um for quarter wave plate 14 thickness with the preferred configuration in wide variety cycle.
Quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention adopts anisotropic medium to make, to the material of anisotropic medium without limits.In the present embodiment, with the liquid crystal material be example.As shown in Figure 2, the anisotropic medium employing nematic crystal molecule 1 03 of quarter wave plate 14 and the potpourri of one or more small molecule monomers 104 in the present embodiment.The nematic liquid crystal molecule is one or more layers that arrange in order.Small molecule monomer adopts the compound that can form transparent polymer, as: styrene or acrylic ester compound.The anisotropic medium of quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention also can only adopt the nematic crystal molecule of orderly arrangement, can be one or more layers.
In actual use, can evenly apply one or more layers diaphragm in the upper and lower surface of quarter wave plate 14.The material of diaphragm adopts isotropic medium, can use common matrix, so long as any matrix that can play the diaphragm effect all can, without any restriction.Preferably adopt the less polyester of refractive index, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) etc., the example of suitable polymers comprises: the potpourri of one or more in polymethylmethacrylate, acrylate/methacrylate multipolymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), modified polyvinylalcohol, poly-(N hydroxymethyl acrylamide), styrene/toluene ethylene copolymer, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, nitrocellulose, chloridized polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, vinyl acetate/polyethylene and ethylene copolymers, ethylene, cellulose acetate, tygon or polypropylene and the polycarbonate.
The quarter wave plate 14 of preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2 has two kinds of method for makings.
The making flow process of first method as shown in Figure 3.
Step 31: adopt the common plane mould, the lower surface in mould evenly applies one or more layers diaphragm, as following diaphragm.
Step 32: the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers is instiled in the common plane mould.
Step 33: utilize electric field or magnetic field to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.
Step 34: utilize UV-irradiation or heating to make nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal mixture solidified, after the curing mould is removed.
Step 35: the nematic liquid crystal that solidified or the upper surface of nematic liquid crystal potpourri are carried out etching, make its variation in thickness by etching, its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the anisotropic medium; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
Step 36: will descend after diaphragm and the etching nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal potpourri to carry out pressing.
Step 37: the upper surface of nematic liquid crystal after etching or nematic liquid crystal potpourri evenly applies one or more layers diaphragm, as upper protective film.
In first kind of method for making, adopt the common planar mould, adjust the thickness of quarter wave plate 14 by etching method.In second kind of method for making, need employing a kind of at the specially designed particular manufacturing craft of quarter wave plate 14 structure of the present invention, its structural drawing is as shown in Figure 4.
Referring to Fig. 4, second kind of method for making particular manufacturing craft is made up of first parts 401 and second parts 402, the certain space of being separated by between first parts 401 and second parts 402, be used for dispenser method material quarter wave plate 14, then the inside surface with mould first parts 401 and second parts 402 is identical respectively for the upper and lower surface configuration of quarter wave plate 14 100.The inside surface of mould second parts 402 is designed to the plane, and the inside surface of first parts 401 is designed to periodically variable curved surface, and this curved surface changes be separated by between the parts 401 and second parts 402 thickness in space of winning, and its minimum thickness is designed to
And maximum ga(u)ge is designed to
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the anisotropic medium, select corresponding parameters respectively for use according to the material behavior of various different mediums; λ
1And λ
2Be respectively minimum and maximum optical wavelength in the broad band wavelength light, so λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
The above-mentioned mould of employing of second kind of method for making of quarter wave plate 14, it makes flow process as shown in Figure 5.
Step 51: adopt particular manufacturing craft, the lower surface in mould evenly applies one or more layers diaphragm, as following diaphragm.
Step 52: the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers is instiled in transparent mould shown in Figure 4.
Step 53: utilize electric field or magnetic field to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.
Step 54: utilize UV-irradiation or heating to make nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal mixture solidified, after the curing mould is removed.
Step 55: nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal potpourri carry out pressing after will descending diaphragm and solidifying.
Step 56: the upper surface of nematic liquid crystal after curing or nematic liquid crystal potpourri evenly applies one or more layers diaphragm, as upper protective film.
Above-mentioned two kinds of method for makings adopt the mode in extra electric field or magnetic field to be orientated.In manufacturing process; also can be according to prior art method commonly used; adopt the alignment agent friction orientation; then in step 31 and step 51; under coating after the diaphragm; evenly apply one deck alignment agent again and alignment agent is rubbed, and utilize alignment agent after the friction in step 33 and the step 53 the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.But, in the alignment agent friction process, very easily produce to pollute, and extra electric field that the present invention adopts or magnetic field to be aligned, the pollution of having avoided the friction of available technology adopting alignment agent to bring has improved the quality of quarter wave plate 14.
Two kinds of method for makings of quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention all adopt liquid crystal as matrix, and liquid crystal and organic molecule are merged, and form the membrane structure of thickness in micron dimension.And the conventional method of existing making anisotropic films all is to utilize isotropic material to form polymer film, and this polymer film that stretches then forms anisotropic membrane.The optical film thickness of Zhi Zuoing is thicker like this, and film produces certain defective in drawing process.Therefore the quarter wave plate 14 that adopts the method for the invention to make is thinner lighter, and is soft and easy to use and carry.
Quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention can be applied to need to change the various technical fields of polarization state, only be that example is illustrated below with the LCD, but quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention also can be applicable to other aspects.In actual applications, the quarter wave plate 14 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 can be positioned over a plurality of positions of LCD.
Fig. 6 is for directly being attached at the quarter wave plate 14 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 the synoptic diagram that panels outside is used.Referring to Fig. 6, quarter wave plate 14 100 directly is attached at the outside of liquid crystal panel 600, and by behind the quarter wave plate 14 100, final emergent ray is the mixed light of circularly polarized light and elliptically polarized light from the linearly polarized light of liquid crystal panel 600 outgoing, thereby reduce stimulation, reduce observer's visual fatigue human eye.
As shown in Figure 7, also quarter wave plate 14 100 can be placed the last polaroid outside on the emergent light exit direction, promptly go up the side of polaroid near the observer.Adopt polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (PVA) film 700 as the matrix of making polaroid.Quarter wave plate 14 100 is produced on the side of close observer on the PVA film 700; apply layer protecting film 500 respectively in the outside of quarter wave plate 14 100 and PVA film 700 then; thereby be made into the composite film that a kind of polaroid and quarter wave plate 14 constitute, when making liquid crystal panel with this composite film as on the polaroid use.
As shown in Figure 8, also quarter wave plate 14 100 can be placed compensation film for angular field of view 800 outsides, be about to add between quarter wave plate 14 shown in Figure 7 100 and the PVA film 700 compensation film for angular field of view 800.In the prior art, polaroid comprises compensation film for angular field of view 800 on some liquid crystal, on the emitting light path of emergent light, compensation film for angular field of view 800 is positioned at PVA film 700 outsides, the preparation of employing liquid crystal material, be used to widen the visual angle of watching of polaroid on the liquid crystal,, also can place quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention the outside of compensation film for angular field of view 800 at polaroid on the liquid crystal of this spline structure.Earlier quarter wave plate 14 100 is produced on the side of close observer on the compensation film for angular field of view 800; opposite side with compensation film for angular field of view 800 is produced on the PVA film 700 again; apply layer protecting film 500 respectively in the outside of quarter wave plate 14 100 and PVA film 700 then; a kind ofly have the visual angle and widen the composite film that the polaroid of function and quarter wave plate 14 constitute thereby be made into, when making liquid crystal panel, this composite film is substituted polaroid and compensation film for angular field of view and use.
It is the plane that first preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2 is designed to lower surface with quarter wave plate 14, and upper surface is level and smooth curved surface.In addition, other method for designing can also be arranged, be that stepped curved surface is an example with upper surface, referring to Fig. 9.Fig. 9 is the structural drawing of second preferred embodiment of quarter wave plate 14 of the present invention.In this embodiment, the lower surface 904 of quarter wave plate 14 is the plane; Upper surface is periodic stepped curved surface, and each cycle comprises three cascaded surfaces: first cascaded surface 901, second cascaded surface 902 and the 3rd cascaded surface 903.At the inferior pixel of RGB (RGB) of LCD, design the thickness of three cascaded surfaces respectively.At red (R) inferior pixel, adopt the predominant wavelength of red light correspondence to design, with the Thickness Design between the lower surface 904 and first cascaded surface 901 be
λ wherein
1Be the corresponding predominant wavelength of red light, then red light becomes circularly polarized light by behind first cascaded surface 901 by linearly polarized light.With same method, at the thickness between green (G) the inferior pixel design lower surface 904 and second cascaded surface 902; At the thickness between blue (B) inferior pixel design lower surface 904 and the 3rd cascaded surface 903.According to the width of the width of LCD pixel design cascaded surface,, be designed to the width of cascaded surface identical with the width of this LCD time pixel at the concrete parameter of Different L CD.At present one of main flow LCD time pixel wide is about 150um, then can the width of each cascaded surface be designed to 150um at main flow LCD.In actual applications, the described quarter wave plate 14 of present embodiment can be applied in above-mentioned a plurality of positions with embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 identical.But, when placing the described quarter wave plate 14 of present embodiment, first cascaded surface 901, second cascaded surface 902, the 3rd cascaded surface 903 of quarter wave plate 14 are alignd with RGB pixel strictness of liquid crystal panel respectively, thereby after using the described quarter wave plate 14 of present embodiment, the light of RGB predominant wavelength all is converted into circularly polarized light in the liquid crystal panel.
As seen from the above-described embodiment, minimum thickness and maximum ga(u)ge that the present invention designs quarter wave plate 14 respectively according to the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broad band wavelength light, with the Thickness Design of quarter wave plate 14 is what change, is at the phase differential of the o at maximum ga(u)ge place light and e light in the phase differential and the maximum optical wavelength of the o of minimum thickness place light and e light through minimum light wavelength behind the quarter wave plate 14
Thereby after making that one group of broadband line polarized light sees through this quarter wave plate 14, the light of any wavelength all comprises circularly polarized light in the emergent light, and then reduces the visual fatigue that human eye is watched.The present invention adopts liquid crystal material to prepare quarter wave plate 14, makes quarter wave plate 14 thickness in micron dimension, and is thinner, lighter, soft and easy to use and carry than common quarter wave plate 14.In quarter wave plate 14 manufacturing process, adopt the mode in extra electric field or magnetic field that liquid crystal material is orientated, the pollution of having avoided the friction of available technology adopting alignment agent to bring has improved the quality of quarter wave plate 14.
In a word, the above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a quarter wave plate 14 adopts anisotropic medium, comprises upper surface and lower surface, and it is characterized in that: the thickness between upper surface and the lower surface changes;
Its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the anisotropic medium; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
Described upper surface is a curved surface, and lower surface is the plane; Perhaps, described upper surface and lower surface all are curved surfaces; Described curved surface is a smooth surface;
Described anisotropic medium is a nematic liquid crystal, or the potpourri of described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers, described nematic liquid crystal is one or more layers of ordered liquid crystal molecule arrangement, and described small molecule monomer is the compound that can form transparent polymer.
2. quarter wave plate 14 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described thickness is cyclical variation with the quarter wave plate 14 width, and the span of a period of change is 150um to 600um.
3. quarter wave plate 14 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that λ
1Be the optical wavelength of 380nm to 780nm; λ
2Be the optical wavelength of 380nm to 780nm.
4. quarter wave plate 14 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described small molecule monomer comprises one or more the potpourri in styrene or the acrylic ester compound.
5. the method for making of a quarter wave plate 14 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers is instiled in the common plane mould, described small molecule monomer is the compound that can form transparent polymer;
B, to described nematic liquid crystal molecular orientation;
C, utilize UV-irradiation or heating to make the mixture solidified of described nematic liquid crystal or described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers, after the curing described common plane mould is removed;
D, the upper surface of the potpourri of the described nematic liquid crystal that solidified or described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers is etched into smooth surface, makes its variation in thickness, minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the potpourri of described nematic liquid crystal or described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
6. the method for making of the quarter wave plate 14 described in claim 5 is characterized in that, described small molecule monomer comprises one or more the potpourri in styrene or the acrylic ester compound.
7. the method for making of the quarter wave plate 14 described in claim 5 is characterized in that, described step B utilizes electric field or magnetic field to described nematic liquid crystal molecular orientation.
8. the method for making of the quarter wave plate 14 described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, further comprising before the steps A: the lower surface in described common plane mould evenly applies one deck alignment agent and alignment agent is rubbed, and the alignment agent after the then described step B utilization friction is to described nematic liquid crystal molecular orientation.
9. the method for making of a quarter wave plate 14 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers is instiled in transparent mould, described small molecule monomer is the compound that can form transparent polymer, thickness between the upper and lower surface of described transparent mould changes, and its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2And upper surface is a smooth surface;
B, to described nematic liquid crystal molecular orientation;
C, utilize UV-irradiation or heating to make the mixture solidified of described nematic liquid crystal or described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers, after the curing described transparent mould is removed.
10. the method for making of the quarter wave plate 14 described in claim 9 is characterized in that, described small molecule monomer comprises one or more the potpourri in styrene or the acrylic ester compound.
11. the method for making of the quarter wave plate 14 described in claim 9 is characterized in that, described step B utilizes electric field or magnetic field to described nematic liquid crystal molecular orientation.
12. the method for making of the quarter wave plate 14 described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, further comprising before the steps A: the lower surface in described transparent mould evenly applies one deck alignment agent and alignment agent is rubbed, and the alignment agent after the then described step B utilization friction is to the nematic phase liquid crystal molecular orientation.
13. a liquid crystal panel comprises the upper and lower base plate that accompanies liquid crystal layer, the upper and lower base plate outside is posted polaroid and following polaroid respectively, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Quarter wave plate 14 is positioned at the last polaroid outside on the emergent light exit direction, adopts anisotropic medium, comprises upper surface and lower surface, and the thickness between upper surface and the lower surface changes; Upper surface is a smooth surface; Its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the anisotropic medium; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
Described anisotropic medium is a nematic liquid crystal, or the potpourri of described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers, described nematic liquid crystal is one or more layers of ordered liquid crystal molecule arrangement, and described small molecule monomer is the compound that can form transparent polymer.
14. a mould of making the liquid crystal quarter wave plate 14 comprises first parts and second parts of the certain space of being separated by, the space that is separated by be used to the to instil potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or described nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers, it is characterized in that:
The thickness in space of being separated by between first parts and second parts changes; Upper surface is a smooth surface; Its minimum thickness is
Maximum ga(u)ge is
Wherein, n
oAnd n
eBe respectively the refractive index of o light and e light in the potpourri of nematic liquid crystal or nematic liquid crystal and one or more small molecule monomers; λ
1And λ
2Be the minimum and the maximum optical wavelength of broadband line polarized light, and λ
1≤ λ
2k
1And k
2Be integer, and k
1≤ k
2
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910129556XA CN101509986B (en) | 2009-03-26 | 2009-03-26 | Wave wafer, manufacturing method, mold and liquid crystal panel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910129556XA CN101509986B (en) | 2009-03-26 | 2009-03-26 | Wave wafer, manufacturing method, mold and liquid crystal panel |
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|---|---|
| CN101509986A CN101509986A (en) | 2009-08-19 |
| CN101509986B true CN101509986B (en) | 2011-02-09 |
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| CN102841398B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2015-07-01 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | Phase difference element and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105137637A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-09 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display module, liquid crystal display device and terminal |
| JPWO2020044750A1 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-09-24 | 住友化学株式会社 | Circularly polarizing plate and image display device using it |
| CN115185123B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-08-22 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display |
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Address after: 215301 No. 1, Longteng Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu Patentee after: Kunshan Longteng Au Optronics Co Address before: 215301 No. 1, Longteng Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu Patentee before: Kunshan Longteng Optronics Co., Ltd. |
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