CN101509914B - Water chlorosity monitoring system - Google Patents
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- CN101509914B CN101509914B CN2008100336178A CN200810033617A CN101509914B CN 101509914 B CN101509914 B CN 101509914B CN 2008100336178 A CN2008100336178 A CN 2008100336178A CN 200810033617 A CN200810033617 A CN 200810033617A CN 101509914 B CN101509914 B CN 101509914B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water body chlorinity monitoring system which comprises a control center which sends a control instruction; a main communication terminal which is connected to the control center and communicates with a remote communication terminal according to the control instruction; and a group of remote communication terminals, each of which has the capacity of carrying out two-way communication with the main communication terminal; furthermore, each remote communication terminal comprises a chloride sensor which acquires information relevant to the water body chlorinity in the place where the remote communication terminal is located. The adoption of the water body chlorinity monitoring system has the following characteristics: the system can carry out large-scale water body chlorinity monitoring with long sequence, can carry out synchronous high-precise monitoring, has wide measuring range; can quickly work the whole day in any whether in real time, and has large data volume and good economical efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring field of water chlorosity, more particularly, relate to a kind of water chlorosity monitoring system.
Background technology
River mouth salt water encroachment is one of Oceanic disasters of very paying close attention in the world, and the Changjiang river is the river of Largest In China, also is the water source that passes by of Shanghai City maximum, and it is large to enter extra large run-off, and self-purification capacity is strong, and water environment is better, and water quality reaches national two class surface water standards throughout the year.The entrance of Changjiang River has become the preferred water seedbed of Shanghai Urban resource of water supply, but because Shanghai is located in the Changjiang River into sea mouth, every Changjiang River dry season, water supply will be subject to the impact of salt water encroachment, chloride concentration often exceeds standard, inwelling is restriction second water source of Shanghai ground--the key point of old row reservoir supply high-quality fresh water ability also is the key factor of restriction South Branch of The Changjiang River Estuary freshwater resources development and use.
In traditional technology, the mode of normal operation personal monitoring and boat measurement is carried out the muriatic monitoring of water body.Personal monitoring and boat measurement are difficult to into series because data volume is few, and therefore unpredictable intrusion of tidal saltwater has affected the regular supply of former water.
Show that by long-term data the three large key elements that affect entrance of Changjiang River salt water encroachment are: river gesture situation, estuarine tide variation, upstream come the water yield.Entrance of Changjiang River flood peak discharge over the years is 92600 seconds cubic meters, and minimum dry-weather flow is 4620 seconds cubic meters, and the maximum luffing of runoff can reach 20 times, and luffing is generally about 7 times in year.The maximum luffing of tidal range can reach 28 times, and luffing is about 10 times in month.Entrance of Changjiang River and ocean are connected, and the high sea brine in off-lying sea is through upwards invasion of Estuarine branching.The entrance of Changjiang River belongs to the three fraction branchs of a river, four-hole enters extra large medium tidal estuary, and its salt water encroachment belongs to slow mixed type.The fracture morphology of each Cha Dao, discharge capacity, shunt volume and tidal regime are different, and these characteristics all are the key factors of control salt water encroachment, therefore, the regional salt water encroachment mode of mouth door is very complicated, different Cha Dao and section, and the salt water encroachment mode may be fully different.
North branch of Yangtze River Estuary is become silted up shallow day by day, and the riverbed volume diminishes, and it is typically tubaeform that profile is, and tidal wave distortion is violent, and split ratio reduces year by year, spring tide between flood season northern Zhi Xiangnan prop up and pour in down a chimney, pour in down a chimney particularly serious between withered spring season in season.North is propped up to pour in down a chimney and is made Nan Zhi He Nan, Bei Gang section the salt water encroachment source all be arranged two ends up and down.
The characteristics of entrance of Changjiang River salt water encroachment are that its invasion source has four, and one pours in down a chimney for a north invasion and props up the river section to south; It two is the off-lying sea invasion of south Bei Gang; It three is the off-lying sea invasion of north, southern port groove; It four is the off-lying sea invasion of south, southern port groove.In decades, many experts and scholars have done a large amount of research, delivered many papers, obtained a lot of achievements, various research reports and the public think always, South Branch of The Changjiang River Estuary river Duan Shoubei props up, the joint effect of Nan Gang, the salt water encroachment of northern port, cause that it is that opinions vary because the combined action of four bursts of salt water encroachments has first and the fifteenth day of the lunar month rule, north to prop up and pours in down a chimney phenomenon etc. that old row intake chlorinity exceeds standard, smudgy, can't illustrate the rule of water head site salt water encroachment.Reservoir builds up the rear initial stage, and output is little, and it is little to keep away the salty pressure of storing fresh water, and along with the increase of output, salty tide has become problem.
The entrance of Changjiang River is one of river mouth, great river that the river gesture is the most complicated in the world, and river gesture complicated and changeable makes its salt water encroachment, and also more general river mouth is complicated.Forecast intrusion of tidal saltwater and grasp salt water encroachment rule are that the coastal cities, countries in the world are evaded disaster and formulated the target of keeping away salty engineering measure.As a special index in the river mouth hydrology index, the chloride index mainly is subjected to river gesture, morning and evening tides, upstream fresh water to come the large key elements restriction of amount three in order further to grope the rule of salt water encroachment, and the collection of the chloride Monitoring Data of long series is absolutely necessary, very important.And salt water encroachment is the barrier of restriction entrance of Changjiang River water resources development, carries out in the past entrance of Changjiang River salt water encroachment research work, and the source of its data mainly is to obtain by personal monitoring and boat measurement.Because entrance of Changjiang River km more than 120 is long, km is wide more than 60, the waters is broad, be overall understanding entrance of Changjiang River salt water encroachment rule, often need to carry out large-scale serial salinity monitoring, therefore need to drop into a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources, and the difficult long-term input huge fund that continues is satisfied the demand in the ordinary course of things, artificial extensive Serial monitoring is carried out owing to be subjected to the more impossible long-term artificial water sample that gathers of condition restriction in some waters therefore, almost is impossible.
Long-term studies have shown that, the systematic collection of field data is the most important thing in relevant key subjects (SOUTH AND NORTH BRANCHES OF YANGTZE ESTUARY is propped up the husky salt prototype measurement of waters water, entrance of Changjiang River ecologic environment, river, the entrance of Changjiang River gesture variation tendency etc.) research, also be the most important thing that the entrance of Changjiang River water head site is kept away the salty forecast of storing fresh water, significant far-reaching.So, just need a kind of system that can carry out to the chlorinity of water body long-term Real-Time Monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The monitoring system that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of water chlorosity can effectively be carried out the monitoring of long-term, real-time water chlorosity, for water body research provides a large amount of field datas.
Implementation of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of water chlorosity monitoring system comprises:
Control center, sending controling instruction;
Main communication terminal is connected to described control center, communicates according to described steering order and telecommunication terminal;
Described main communication terminal comprises:
Antenna;
Transceiver is by the antenna receiving-sending wireless signal;
Modulator-demodular unit will be sent to transceiver after the modulation of signaling, will carry out demodulation by the signal that transceiver receives;
The control computing machine is connected to modulator-demodular unit, produces to wait the signal sent out and the signal after the receiving modem demodulation;
Described telecommunication terminal comprises:
Antenna;
Transceiver is by the antenna receiving-sending wireless signal;
Modulator-demodular unit will be sent to transceiver after the modulation of signaling, will carry out demodulation by the signal that transceiver receives;
The wireless signal generator is connected to modulator-demodular unit, produces to wait the signal sent out and the signal after the receiving modem demodulation;
The chloride sensor, obtain the information relevant with the on-site water chlorosity of this telecommunication terminal and offer the wireless signal generator, this wireless signal generator produces according to the described information relevant with the on-site water chlorosity of this telecommunication terminal and waits the signal sent out; Described chloride sensor is contactless inductance sensor, is used with the induction type conductance cell; Described induction type conductance cell comprises:
The first coaxial transformer and the second coaxial transformer, pumping signal are added on the armature winding of the first coaxial transformer, and water body to be measured consists of the single turn loop that lotus root is closed the first coaxial transformer and the second coaxial transformer; Described contactless inductance sensor comprises: prime amplifier is connected to the second coaxial transformer; Temperature-compensation circuit, the output of receiving preamplifier; Zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit receive the output of temperature-compensation circuit; The phaseshift oscillator of variable frequency receives the output of zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit, and signal feedback is arrived described prime amplifier, temperature-compensation circuit and zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit; The DC-DC transducer is for the phaseshift oscillator of variable frequency provides power supply;
Supply unit is for above-mentioned modules provides power supply;
One group of telecommunication terminal, each telecommunication terminal wherein has the ability of carrying out two-way communication with described main communication terminal, and, each telecommunication terminal comprises the monochloride sensor, and this chloride sensor obtains the information relevant with the on-site water chlorosity of this telecommunication terminal.According to an embodiment, the mode that main communication terminal adopts poll is communicated by letter with in one group of telecommunication terminal each successively, wherein, telecommunication terminal is just communicated by letter with described main communication terminal when the address code of himself address code and main communication terminal poll is consistent.
According to an embodiment, the communication that adopts between described main communication terminal and the telecommunication terminal is to be selected from following one of them: wireless digital transmission, and wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is PLC; The Wi-Fi transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is the Wi-Fi signal generator; The GSM short message service technology, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is the short message generator that meets GSM standard; The GPRS transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is PLC, described transceiver is the transceiver that meets the GPRS standard.
And the principle of work of described chloride sensor is the frequency modulation type conductance measurement, utilizes the frequency change of the phaseshift oscillator of a variable frequency, the conductivity variations of reaction water body.
According to an embodiment, described telecommunication terminal is transferred to main communication terminal with the output frequency of contactless inductance sensor, the linear list that main communication terminal is led according to an output frequency and water body electricity determines that the electricity of water body leads, and further leads the chlorinity of determining water body with the non-linear table of water chlorosity according to a water body electricity.
According to an embodiment, described telecommunication terminal is transferred to main communication terminal with the output frequency of contactless inductance sensor, and main communication terminal is determined the chlorinity of water body according to the non-linear table of an output frequency and water chlorosity.
Adopt the monitoring system of water chlorosity of the present invention, have following characteristics:
1) water chlorosity that can grow sequence is on a large scale monitored;
2) can carry out synchronous high precision monitor;
3) range ability is wide;
4) round-the-clock is real-time round-the-clock;
5) the data volume large economy is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the structural drawing of an embodiment of water chlorosity monitoring system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the structural drawing of an embodiment of main communication terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the structural drawing of an embodiment of telecommunication terminal of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the fundamental diagram of induction type conductivity sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the output frequency of induction type conductivity sensor of the present invention and the graph of a relation that the water body electricity is led;
Fig. 6 shows the output frequency of induction type conductivity sensor of the present invention and the graph of a relation of water chlorosity.
Embodiment
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
With reference to shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of water chlorosity monitoring system 100, comprising:
One group of telecommunication terminal 106, each telecommunication terminal 106 wherein has the ability of carrying out two-way communication with main communication terminal 104, and, each telecommunication terminal 106 comprises monochloride sensor 106a, and this chloride sensor 106a obtains the information relevant with this telecommunication terminal 106 on-site water chlorosities.
According to one embodiment of the invention, an embodiment of the main communication terminal 104 in this water chlorosity monitoring system 100 comprises as shown in Figure 2:
Modulator-demodular unit 206 will be sent to transceiver 204 after the modulation of signaling, will carry out demodulation by the signal that transceiver 204 receives;
With reference to figure 3, the structural drawing that it shows according to the telecommunication terminal 106 of one embodiment of the invention comprises:
Modulator-demodular unit 306 will be sent to transceiver 304 after the modulation of signaling, will carry out demodulation by the signal that transceiver 304 receives;
According to one embodiment of the invention, supply unit 312 adopts the 180Ah maintenance-free batteries, can use about 3 months continuously, and the again usefulness of charging, but still need to change, and because its volume, weight are larger, a batteries has 70kg, changes relatively inconvenience.For further improvement, can also adopt accumulator+solar charging device array configuration, take full advantage of heliotechnics and guarantee the optimization power configuration mode of battery-operated, sun power is to the charge in batteries energy storage when sunny, at rainy weather, when device for converting solar energy can't normal power supply, by battery-operated, make accumulator be in for a long time state of activation, not only long service life, non-maintaining, and voltage stabilization is reliable, can not lose efficacy because of long-time discharge, so just need not often change, saved a large amount of manpower and materials, basically in a monitoring periods, need not change.And one-time investment is also little.Effectively guaranteed the duty of per ten minutes once sampling of monitoring system.In order to prevent that birds from perching at the sun power change-over panel, (birds droppings can affect the conversion of sun power) installed the spring prong at change-over panel, and effect is fine.The use of solar charger makes whole system more safe and reliable, has guaranteed the normal operation of system.Facts have proved that sturdy basis has been laid in using as the normal collection of data of accumulator+solar charging device, has obtained good effect.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the mode that main communication terminal 104 adopts polls is communicated by letter with in one group of telecommunication terminal 106 each successively, wherein, telecommunication terminal 106 is just communicated by letter with main communication terminal when the address code of himself address code and main communication terminal 104 polls is consistent.
According to a kind of implementation, main communication terminal claims again MTU, be MasterTerminal Unit, telecommunication terminal claims again RTU, i.e. Remote Terminal Unit, and the communication mode between main communication terminal and the telecommunication terminal adopts poll, it is the mode of Polling, that is to say by main communication terminal to communicate with each point seriatim according to this according to program setting, realize exchanges data.And telecommunication terminal only when being called by main communication terminal (address code corresponding) just communicates with main communication terminal, and the data packing is sent to main communication terminal.Carrier data is realized the conversion of coding by modulator-demodular unit Modem.And finally now processed factually by the computing machine logarithm.Control center's instruction telecommunication terminal was adopted sample in per ten minutes one time, and data store after processing, and timed sending is to main communication terminal.The hardware requirement of transceiver: accept sensitivity 0.3 μ v (12db Signal-to-Noise-and-distortion ratio), frequency deviation 3kHz, baud rate 600～1200 bauds.
According to an implementation, the total power consumption of telecommunication terminal is 20W, the power consumption 15W of transceiver wherein, and PLC and other power consumptions are 5W.Telecommunication terminal can adopt Siemens SLC, supply voltage DC15～30V, environment temperature-10～55 ℃, average corresponding time＜1 of data routing inspection second.PLC module in the wireless communication terminal has a high-speed counting input port, be used for the frequency acquisition signal, the survey frequency scope of this counting mouth is 0-20000Hz, isolate with optocoupler between counting input port and the sensor input signal, to guarantee to count the safety of input port, frequency counting adopts the method for average, take per 800 times (once as 250ms) as a cycle, the PLC module buffer is inserted well in data acquisition, processed and changed by Modem is digital, form emission coefficient by transceiver and antenna, wait communication is sent to main communication terminal with the data transmission in the internal memory after crying and leading to, simultaneously for guaranteeing the continuity of data, when preventing that Communication Jamming from interrupting, or during the computer failure of main communication terminal, cause loss of data, the PLC module is designed to deposit data and time on date in internal memory in per 30 minutes, according to function, after communication recovery or computer failure are got rid of, carry out the data by-carriage in the Computer Design ones complement of main communication terminal.By optimizer, reduce the module memory occupancy, make the PLC module can store 7 days data.
The transceiver of main communication terminal and Modem realize that radio communication function and carrier signal convert digital signal to or convert digital signal to carrier signal.And all digital signals are connected with computing machine through communication interface modules, digital signal is converted to data send computing machine to, the computer realization Control on Communication, with the frequency data that convert to, according to the calibration scale of chloride and frequency, carry out discrete method and calculate, draw at last the chloride data.Use industrial control software, realize that finally the chloride data show, deposit, and curve plotting is analyzed.
According to embodiments of the invention, the communication that adopts between the main communication terminal in this water chlorosity monitoring system and the telecommunication terminal is to be selected from following one of them:
Wireless digital transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is PLC;
The Wi-Fi transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is the Wi-Fi signal generator;
The GSM short message service technology, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is the short message generator that meets GSM standard;
The GPRS transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is PLC, described transceiver is the transceiver that meets the GPRS standard.
In a realization of the present invention, have 20 telecommunication terminals in this water chlorosity monitoring system, used following several communications:
Wireless digital transmission: wireless digital transmission is to use at most with the most widely.It uses the PLC deal with data, with wireless digital transmission transceiver the transmission of data.The data that PLC acquisition process chloride sensor is surveyed, data are processed by transferring to main communication terminal by the wireless digital transmission transceiver.Wireless digital transmission mode advantage is easy to use, is widely used long transmission distance.But also exist construction cost high, safeguard to be difficult for, easily be disturbed unsettled shortcoming.
Wi-Fi technology: Wi-Fi, namely wireless fidelity is a kind of radiotelegraphy.It does not need netting twine just can realize being connected of connection between the computing machine and computing machine and the Internet.Wi-Fi is based on the interoperability authentication of the Wireless LAN Equipments of Institute of Electrical and Electric Engineers IEEE802.11 series standard.So-called WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN is a kind of of LAN (Local Area Network), uses high frequency radio wave rather than electric wire to communicate by letter between node.Simply saying, is exactly that system has used the technology of wireless ethernet to carry out data transmission.Be applied among the present invention, the water chlorosity data communication device of wireless communication terminal collection is crossed wireless ethernet and is transferred to main communication terminal.This kind technology has faster than wireless digital transmission speed, the advantage that cost is low, (exempting from the frequency expense, license fee etc.).But this kind technology also has its weakness: the same with wireless transmission technology, and can not have buildings to intercept in the transmission line, and its transmission range is limited, coverage only has hundreds of rice.Therefore it be applicable to short-range, but the situation that can't carry out wire communication.
The GSM short message service technology: short message service is a kind of service that can use mobile phone or gsm module to receive and send text message that gsm system provides for the mobile subscriber.These text messages can be comprised of literal or numeral, and every short message can comprise at most 160 letter or 70 Chinese characters.Short message transmission adopts the signaling channel transmission, needn't set up special-purpose transmission channel, and when called transfer table shutdown or leave the service range of base station when unreachable, Short Message Service Center can be preserved the information that needs transmission, in case called can receive information the time, short message service center is the automatic retransmission of information of energy just, thereby has improved the service quality of short message service.Short message service is the most general data service in the present GSM net, because its expense is cheaper, thereby is widely used.Carry out data communication with the GSM short message service, although communication cost is cheaper, because there is time delay in it in transmission course, this requires higher data communication system to real-time property, and time delay is exactly the factor that must consider; If the data volume of transmission surpasses the maximum length that short message allows, must be by repeatedly the grouping packing could be complete data transmission, the time delay that causes like this is just longer, and communication expense also increases thereupon.Use the GSM short message service technology to carry out the water chlorosity data transfer and have low-power consumption, long transmission distance (having the place of GSM network just can use), easy for installation, the advantages such as construction cost low (need not steel tower and erect a television antenna, need not the frequency expense).But because it comes charging by the short message number, it is large therefore can not to be applied to data volume, the scheduling website that requirement of real-time is high.And short message service technology can not provide transparent connection the between wireless communication terminal and the main communication terminal, all will again develop different equipment for different applied environments at every turn, has long shortcoming of construction cycle.
GPRS technology: GPRS is that the English of GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is called for short, that purpose is the data service that block form is provided for GSM user at existing gsm system development a kind of new bearer service out.GPRS adopts the wireless-modulated standard same with GSM, same frequency band, same burst structure, same frequency hopping rule and same tdma frame structure.The existing base station sub-system of GSM (BSS) can provide comprehensive GPRS to cover from the beginning.GPRS provide a kind of efficiently, wireless packet data service cheaply, that be specially adapted to be interrupted, paroxysmal and frequently, a small amount of data transmission, also be applicable to big data quantity transmission once in a while.GPRS is a kind of new technology in the mobile radio communication, finished wireless Internet access, this technology is when data transmission, encapsulate data into each grouping, network capacity is only just distributed when needed, in case the transmission task is finished in grouping, channel capacity discharges immediately, so instant connection and high efficiency of transmission are provided, have realized the function of real-time online.Therefore, it is a kind of group data technology of economical and efficient.The GPRS technology has following advantage: 1) communication is quick, safe and reliable; 2) investment is less, cost performance is high; 3) defeated distance is without hindrance every misgivings, and reliability is high; 4) the equipment operating cost is not high.The GPRS communication modes sends data to Surveillance center by PLC acquisition process data through the GPRS radio station.
The geographic position that above-mentioned several communications can be placed according to wireless communication terminal and choice for use, in the wireless communication terminal of each sampled point, select only communication, take full advantage of the advantage of various communications, so that the performance of total system obtains best performance.
Chloride sensor in the water chlorosity monitoring system of the present invention is contactless inductance sensor, and the induction type conductance cell larger with volume is used.
The sensor of chlorinity is more in the monitoring ocean water body both at home and abroad, in general, salinity variation range in the ocean is less, certain different regions Ocean Salinity value is difference to some extent, but the salinity of a certain specific maritime waters is very little with the variation of season, weather, morning and evening tides, and the turbidity of water body is less, and therefore selectable sensor is more.And the entrance of Changjiang River is located in fresh water seawater intersection, and the chlorinity variation range is larger, and the husky content of Yangtze River cement is high, muddiness.Sensor that can be applicable is less, thereby has brought very large difficulty for the selection of sensor, not only will consider the scope that its monitoring is applicable, will prevent that also sensor from producing polarization, sensitivity affects the factors such as monitoring accuracy.
The chloride sensor mainly is divided into contact electrode sensor and contactless inductance sensor, the contact electrode sensor is mainly used in the chlorinity of the cleaner water body in laboratory and measures, its advantage is: the degree of accuracy of measurement is higher, shortcoming is: measurement range is subject to certain restrictions, the requirement of maintaining is high, and the scope of application is little.Contactless inductance sensor is mainly used in the field, can measure the chlorinity in the muddy water body, and its advantage is: measurement range is larger, and maintaining requires low, applied widely, and shortcoming is: measuring accuracy is lower.
The height that how much has determined conductivity of chloride ion content in the water is so conductivity sensor can be monitored the variation of the conductivity in the water body at the scene automatically for a long time continuously.The measuring method of conductivity in the water, can be divided into two kinds of induction type and electric pole types by the form of conductance cell, these two kinds of conductance cells respectively have characteristics, the physical dimension of electric pole type conductance cell can be done littlely, microstructure is measured highly significant, be applicable to laboratory etc., but because there being the problems such as polarization, easy pollution, the river mouth offshore relatively poor in water quality, that silt is more is difficult for adopting.There is not the polarization pollution problem in induction type, but the factors such as its sensitivity have determined the size of conductance cell, and when relatively low conductivity, size needs larger.Therefore at the more water body of offshore estuary sediment, generally adopt the larger induction type of conductance cell.
Usually, the small volume of electric pole type conductance cell, normal and contact electrode sensor is used, and induction type conductance cell volume is larger, normal and contactless inductance sensor is used.
In water chlorosity monitoring system of the present invention, the principle of work of chloride sensor is the frequency modulation type conductance measurement, utilizes the frequency change of the phaseshift oscillator of a variable frequency, the conductivity variations of reaction water body.Its principle of work is: produce the armature winding in a constant AC signal exciting conductance pond by the row phaseshift oscillator, the output winding of conductance cell is with the signal of conductivity variations, through amplifying the input end that feeds back to again oscillator, consist of a closed loop, the frequency of operation of oscillator is just changed with the variation of conductivity.Therefore the output frequency of oscillator is just representing the conductivity value of water body.
Relative amplitude-modulated signal, frequency signal is convenient to by the cable long-distance transmissions, and antijamming capability is strong, so the description below the present invention will describe with the form of frequency output.
With reference to figure 4, Fig. 4 shows the fundamental diagram of induction type conductivity sensor of the present invention and induction type conductance cell.
Wherein, this induction type conductance cell 400 comprises:
The first coaxial transformer T1 and the second coaxial transformer T2, pumping signal is added on the armature winding of the first coaxial transformer T1, and water body to be measured consists of the single turn loop that lotus root is closed the first coaxial transformer T1 and the second coaxial transformer T2.Its equivalent resistance is R
WaterWhen pumping signal is added to the first coaxial transformer T1 armature winding, then induce electric current in the water body single turn loop, conductivity difference when water body, the electric current that flows through the single turn loop is also different, so just induces the alternating voltage e that relies on the water body conductivity variations at the second coaxial transformer T2, as long as measure the e value, by calibrating the conductivity that just can measure water body, conductivity sensor is take frequency as output form.
Prime amplifier 502 is connected to the second coaxial transformer T2;
Temperature-compensation circuit 504, the output of receiving preamplifier 502;
Zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit 506 receive the output of temperature-compensation circuit 504;
The phaseshift oscillator 508 of variable frequency receives the output of zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit 506, and signal feedback is arrived prime amplifier 502, temperature-compensation circuit 504 and zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit 506;
DC-DC transducer 510 is for the phaseshift oscillator 508 of variable frequency provides power supply.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the telecommunication terminal of this water chlorosity monitoring system is transferred to main communication terminal with the output frequency of contactless inductance sensor, the linear list that main communication terminal is led according to an output frequency and water body electricity determines that the electricity of water body leads, and further leads the chlorinity of determining water body with the non-linear table of water chlorosity according to a water body electricity.
Perhaps, telecommunication terminal is transferred to main communication terminal with the output frequency of contactless inductance sensor, and main communication terminal is determined the chlorinity of water body according to the non-linear table of an output frequency and water chlorosity.
Generally speaking, the output frequency of sensor and the electricity of water body are led linear, and as shown in Figure 5, it shows the linear relationship that output frequency and water body electricity are led.Same, the electricity of water body is led and is become certain nonlinear relationship with contained chloride in the water body, therefore by gathering this sine wave frequency, just can obtain muriatic data, adopt simultaneously Piecewise to solve that electricity is led and chloride between nonlinear relationship, by online chloride sensor is carried out accurate multi-point calibration, calibration value is inputted computing machine, utilize the computing power of computing machine to carry out piecewise linearity calculating, thereby obtain accurately chloride data.Therefore the accuracy of staking-out work and reasonably discrete method directly have influence on the precision of system.
Perhaps, also can utilize the non-linear table of output frequency and water chlorosity to determine the chlorinity of water body.With reference to figure 6, Fig. 6 shows the output frequency of induction type conductivity sensor of the present invention and the graph of a relation of water chlorosity.
The below introduces one and determines that according to output frequency the water body electricity is led and the processing example of water chlorosity:
The induction type conductivity sensor is the conductivity measurement that utilizes conductivity sensor to carry out in water, and this transducer sensitivity is high, and the frequency values of output and tested electrical conductivity of water are linear.
Carry out demarcation and the computer input of chloride sensor, need to carry out:
1) preparation of silver nitrate standard solution and quality control
What at first will do the demarcation of chloride sensor is the preparation of silver nitrate standard solution and the quality control of reagent, as the reagent that detects chloride concentration in the water, the preparation of silver nitrate standard solution is the important ring in demarcating, elder generation is according to the requirement of analytical test, weigh the silver nitrate solid, then dissolve and constant volume, be mixed with the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus about 1N, in order to ensure the degree of accuracy of its concentration, the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus of preparation is carried out the quality control of necessity, buy the chloride standard solution that is used for quality control, whether the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus with the verification preparation is accurate, only meet the requirements, reach standard, could satisfy like this requirement of transducer calibration.
2) demarcation of chloride sensor
The demarcation of chloride sensor is one of core of native system, is the key of whole monitoring system, and the levels of precision of demarcation directly has influence on the quality of monitoring, and is excessive such as calibrated error, and the data that monitor so will mislead our forecast and analysis and research.Output frequency f and the conductivity G in the tested water body in the chloride sensor are linear, conductivity is the embodiment of all ions in the water, but what finally will obtain is the chloride data, and it is not exclusively linear between chloride concentration and the frequency, just in certain scope, be one to one linear relationship, therefore can not obtain the chloride data with linear approach simply, with whole chloride concentration to be calibrated (scope is 0-3000mg/l), be divided into not about 25 zone of five equilibrium, in each section, calculate with inserting linear approach, thereby draw accurately chloride data.
Demarcation is carried out in the laboratory, for more near virtual condition, can adopt the highrank fuel salinity water of entrance of Changjiang River itself as the medium of demarcating, whole series is modeled to respectively 25 left and right sides fresh water sea water mixing liquid that concentration differs, measure the intrinsic frequency values of each mixed liquor, use simultaneously the standard solution silver nitrate as benchmark, chloride concentration in the titration water, form one-to-one relationship, got rid of the interference of other ions, for improving measuring accuracy, carry out rational Accurate Calibration according to different infields, frequency and the chlorinity data of demarcating are carried out data processing and recurrence, calculate with the insertion linear approach, and the input computing machine makes frequency and chloride linear in each segmentation limit.The actual demarcation situation of certain sensor sees Table one.
The actual demarcation of table 1 sensor information slip
When the chloride sensor is put into tested water body, there is a frequency values to embody, the calculating by computer can obtain corresponding chlorinity value from the linear relationship that returns, thereby has satisfied the needs of practical application.
Adopt the monitoring system of water chlorosity of the present invention, have following characteristics:
1) water chlorosity that can grow sequence is on a large scale monitored;
2) can carry out synchronous high precision monitor;
3) range ability is wide;
4) round-the-clock is real-time round-the-clock;
5) the data volume large economy is good.
Claims (6)
1. a water chlorosity monitoring system is characterized in that, comprising:
Control center, sending controling instruction;
Main communication terminal is connected to described control center, communicates according to described steering order and telecommunication terminal;
One group of telecommunication terminal, each telecommunication terminal wherein has the ability of carrying out two-way communication with described main communication terminal, and, each telecommunication terminal comprises the monochloride sensor, and this chloride sensor obtains the information relevant with the on-site water chlorosity of this telecommunication terminal;
Described main communication terminal comprises:
Antenna;
Transceiver is by the antenna receiving-sending wireless signal;
Modulator-demodular unit will be sent to transceiver after the modulation of signaling, will carry out demodulation by the signal that transceiver receives;
The control computing machine is connected to modulator-demodular unit, produces to wait the signal sent out and the signal after the receiving modem demodulation;
Described telecommunication terminal comprises:
Antenna;
Transceiver is by the antenna receiving-sending wireless signal;
Modulator-demodular unit will be sent to transceiver after the modulation of signaling, will carry out demodulation by the signal that transceiver receives;
The wireless signal generator is connected to modulator-demodular unit, produces to wait the signal sent out and the signal after the receiving modem demodulation;
The chloride sensor, obtain the information relevant with the on-site water chlorosity of this telecommunication terminal and offer the wireless signal generator, this wireless signal generator produces according to the described information relevant with the on-site water chlorosity of this telecommunication terminal and waits the signal sent out; Described chloride sensor is contactless inductance sensor, is used with the induction type conductance cell; Described induction type conductance cell comprises:
The first coaxial transformer and the second coaxial transformer, pumping signal are added on the armature winding of the first coaxial transformer, and water body to be measured consists of the single turn loop that lotus root is closed the first coaxial transformer and the second coaxial transformer; Described contactless inductance sensor comprises: prime amplifier is connected to the second coaxial transformer; Temperature-compensation circuit, the output of receiving preamplifier; Zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit receive the output of temperature-compensation circuit; The phaseshift oscillator of variable frequency receives the output of zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit, and signal feedback is arrived described prime amplifier, temperature-compensation circuit and zero point, full scale, linear regulation circuit; The DC-DC transducer is for the phaseshift oscillator of variable frequency provides power supply;
Supply unit is for above-mentioned modules provides power supply.
2. water chlorosity monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The mode that main communication terminal adopts poll is communicated by letter with in one group of telecommunication terminal each successively, and wherein, telecommunication terminal is when the address code of himself address code and main communication terminal poll is consistent, and ability is communicated by letter with described main communication terminal.
3. water chlorosity monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The communication that adopts between described main communication terminal and the telecommunication terminal is to be selected from following one of them:
Wireless digital transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is PLC;
The Wi-Fi transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is the Wi-Fi signal generator;
The GSM short message service technology, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is the short message generator that meets GSM standard;
The GPRS transmission, wherein the wireless signal generator in this telecommunication terminal is PLC, described transceiver is the transceiver that meets the GPRS standard.
4. water chlorosity monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described chloride sensor is the frequency modulation type conductance measurement, utilizes the frequency change of the phaseshift oscillator of a variable frequency, the conductivity variations of reaction water body.
5. water chlorosity monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described telecommunication terminal is transferred to main communication terminal with the output frequency of contactless inductance sensor, the linear list that main communication terminal is led according to an output frequency and water body electricity determines that the electricity of water body leads, and further leads the chlorinity of determining water body with the non-linear table of water chlorosity according to a water body electricity.
6. water chlorosity monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described telecommunication terminal is transferred to main communication terminal with the output frequency of contactless inductance sensor, and main communication terminal is determined the chlorinity of water body according to the non-linear table of an output frequency and water chlorosity.
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| CN2008100336178A CN101509914B (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Water chlorosity monitoring system |
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| CN2008100336178A CN101509914B (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | Water chlorosity monitoring system |
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| CN105828037B (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-02-15 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of RTU kilowatt meter reading-out system based on digital image understanding |
| CN108235156A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 成都天奥信息科技有限公司 | A kind of wireless communication control system based on V/UHF channels |
| CN108408842A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-17 | 上海康雷分析仪器有限公司 | A kind of acidic oxidized electric potential water generator detecting system and its application method |
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