CN101498627B - Sampling apparatus for shallow water surroundings and biological sample collection - Google Patents
Sampling apparatus for shallow water surroundings and biological sample collection Download PDFInfo
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- CN101498627B CN101498627B CN2008100142365A CN200810014236A CN101498627B CN 101498627 B CN101498627 B CN 101498627B CN 2008100142365 A CN2008100142365 A CN 2008100142365A CN 200810014236 A CN200810014236 A CN 200810014236A CN 101498627 B CN101498627 B CN 101498627B
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Abstract
The invention relates to sampling equipment for experimental research of environmental science or environmental engineering or aquatic organism, in particular to a sampling device for biological sample collecting in a shallower water area environment. The sampling device comprises a pole bracket 19, a fixed bracket 10, a sampling device 2, fans 3, ropes 8 and a plug pin 7, wherein two sides of the pole bracket 19 are provided with floaters 5, and the fixed bracket 10 with the sampling device 2 is fixedly connected above the pole bracket 19; the fans 3 driving the floaters 5 to move are arranged on the floaters 5 and are electrically connected with a storage battery 9 on the floaters by the plug pin 7; one side of the pole bracket 19 is fixedly connected with a fixing rod 11, two ropes 8 are respectively connected with the sampling device 2 and the plug pin 7. The invention has wide application range, easy component constitute and convenient operation, and can be applied to sample collecting of settlings, water samples, water body biological samples, and the like in shallower water areas such as rivers, beaches, ponds, and the like. The invention does not need large power facilities and complex daily maintenance, thereby having convenient and quick operation and stronger application function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental science or environmental engineering and hydrobiont experimental study sample devices, the sampling apparatus of particularly a kind of shallow water surroundings and biological sample collection.
Background technology
In recent years, because that water pollutes the environmental problem brought is increasingly serious and be subjected to the extensive concern of various circles of society, the great attention that therefore research and the improvement work of polluted-water also be subjected to relevant departments.But, from present correlative study result, the overwhelming majority often is confined to the deepwater regions of big water body or the zone that the bank staff can directly touch (because the existence of edge effect to the research of polluted-water, the bank sample tends to make the monitoring result distortion), and exactly ignored people's life more relevant, the shallow water area that the water pollution feature is complicated more, the basic data that research institute obtains can't reflect the essential characteristic of polluted-water on the whole, and the shortcoming of data aspect has restricted improvement or the repair of scientificlly and effectively carrying out polluted-water to a certain extent.Undisputed, the basic reason that causes this awkward situation is because the ship that adopted in sampling process can't arrive than shallow water territory (especially the depth of water at 1 meter with interior river course, lake or offshore shallow sea area and shoal etc.) or because than shallow water territory mud deeply or exist other risks that the staff can't be arrived in the past, in experimentation, lack necessary sample gathering apparatus, environmental sample can't be obtained, thereby shallow water surroundings sample correlation parameter or trust data can't be obtained than the shallow water territory.Therefore, the new shallow water surroundings sample collecting sampling apparatus of exploitation has very important realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned difficulties, the objective of the invention is the sampling apparatus of developing a kind of simple operation, being mainly used in shallow water surroundings and biological sample collection.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Sampling apparatus: comprise support 19, fixed mount 10, sampling thief 2, fan 3, rope 8 and latch 7, support 19 both sides are provided with float 5, and the fixed mount 10 that has sampling thief 2 is fixed in the top of support 19; Be equipped with on float 5 and drive its fan that moves 3, fan 3 is electrically connected with accumulator 9 on the float 5 by latch 7; One side of support 19 is connected with fixed bar 11, and rope 8 is two, is connected with sampling thief 2 and latch 7 respectively.
With the support 19 of fixed bar 11 homonymies on also be provided with steel fork 15, steel fork 15 is walked around fixed bar 11 tops the 3rd pulley 23 by the steel fork axle 22 on it by steel fork lanyard 12 and is hung on the fixed bar 11 with set collar 14.Described set collar 14 is set on steel fork axle 22 and the fixed bar 11 simultaneously, and the 3rd pulley 23 that the upper end is walked around on the fixed bar 11 by suspension strop 13 draws with rope 8, and the lower end is a free end; The 3rd pulley 23 that steel fork axle 22 is walked around on the fixed bar 11 by steel fork lanyard 12 is connected with the collar 18.Described sampling thief 2 is by sampling thief rope 8 tractions of walking around first and second pulley 1,6 on the fixed mount 10, and sampling thief 2 hangs on fixed mount 10 tops by the sampling thief stay cord 16 of walking around pulley 1 with draw ring 20.One of described rope 8 links to each other with latch 7, and the 3rd pulley 23 that end is walked around fixed bar 11 tops links to each other with set collar 14, and another root is successively walked around second, one pulley 6,1 and linked to each other with sampling thief; Second pulley 6 is located on the support 19 adjacent with latch 7.Described latch 7 is hung with first and second draw ring 18,20, and wherein first draw ring 18 hangs steel fork 15, the second draw rings 20 and hangs sampling thief 2.Described float 5 is made for the lightweight material of swimming; Support 19, fixed mount 10, fixed bar 11 are lignum vitae or iron structure; Fan 3 is a dc power supply, drives sampling apparatus and moves at the water surface.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. shallow waters sampling.Present device can be used for the river course, the lake, shallow sea area, ponds etc. are the collection of shallow water surroundings or biological sample among a small circle, especially can be used as hydrobiont sample collecting such as polluted-water and sediment and algae, overcome prior art in sampling process because of adopting ship can't arrive than shallow water territory (especially the depth of water at 1 meter with interior river course or offshore shallow sea area and shoal etc.) or because problem dark than shallow water territory mud or that exist other risks that the staff can't be arrived, and personnel's arrival tends to water body generation disturbance effect is unfavorable for the original position sample collecting.Sampling in the past is owing to lack necessary sample gathering apparatus, so in experimentation, only gather the sample (can't obtain about 20 meters of offshores and even above environmental sample) of about 1 meter of offshore than the shallow water territory, and because the existence of water environment edge effect, such sample often can not reflect the true environment feature of water body, thereby can't obtain shallow water surroundings sample correlation parameter or trust data.The application of present device can be avoided the problem that sample can't be gathered because of restriction that can the sampling position have or not ship or personnel arrive fully.
2. the scope of application of the present invention is wider.Structure of the present invention is formed simple, and simple operation can be applied to the sample collecting than shallow water area deposition thing, water sample and water body biological sample etc. such as river course, seabeach (particularly silt coast), pond.And the present invention do not need large-sized power facility and numerous and diverse daily servicing, and therefore convenient to operation, application function is stronger.
3. harvester of the present invention can not produce water disturbance in application process.Can effectively avoid during sampling water body being produced the problem (upsetting water body layering or disturbance sediment takes place to suspend again) that violent disturbance influences the sample result of study after arriving the sampling position because of power boat or experimenter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of shallow water of the present invention territory sampling apparatus.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of steel fork assembly among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of latch Control Component among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with implementing example, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
River course, lake and sediment of coastal zone matter sample are gathered: for studying the distribution and the accumulation rule of heavy metal and persistence organic pollutant in the different polluted water region sediments, need carry out sampling analysis to the sediment under the different water environmental medias such as river course, lake and coastal zone.For this reason, select Guangzhou Shi Jinghe, the West Lake, South China Botanical Garden and bay, Xixiang burlap village, Shenzhen as research object respectively.More than three sampling position mean depths all be no more than 0.5 meter, ship can't be walked, and the thickness of deposits in corresponding waters is about 0.4 meter, so the sample collector directly descends the also very inconvenience of hydromining sample.For this reason, having developed apparatus of the present invention samples to above-mentioned zone.
Sampling apparatus: comprise support 19, fixed mount 10, sampling thief 2, fan 3, rope 8 and latch 7, support 19 both sides are provided with float 5, and the fixed mount 10 that has sampling thief 2 is fixed in the top of support 19; Be equipped with on float 5 and drive its fan that moves 3, fan 3 is electrically connected with accumulator 9 on the float 5 by latch 7; One side of support 19 is connected with fixed bar 11, and rope 8 is two, is connected with sampling thief 2 and latch 7 respectively.
With the support 19 of fixed bar 11 homonymies on also be provided with steel fork 15, steel fork 15 is walked around fixed bar 11 tops the 3rd pulley 23 by the steel fork axle 22 on it by steel fork lanyard 12 and is hung on the fixed bar 11 with set collar 14.Described set collar 14 is set on steel fork axle 22 and the fixed bar 11 simultaneously, and the 3rd pulley 23 that the upper end is walked around on the fixed bar 11 by suspension strop 13 draws with rope 8, and the lower end is a free end; The 3rd pulley 23 that steel fork axle 22 is walked around on the fixed bar 11 by steel fork lanyard 12 is connected with the collar 18.Described sampling thief 2 is by sampling thief rope 8 tractions of walking around first and second pulley 1,6 on the fixed mount 10, and sampling thief 2 hangs on fixed mount 10 tops by the sampling thief stay cord 16 of walking around pulley 1 with draw ring 20.One of described rope 8 links to each other with latch 7, and the 3rd pulley 23 that end is walked around fixed bar 11 tops links to each other with set collar 14, and another root is successively walked around second, one pulley 6,1 and linked to each other with sampling thief; Second pulley 6 is located on the support 19 adjacent with latch 7.Described latch 7 is hung with first and second draw ring 18,20, and wherein first draw ring 18 hangs steel fork 15, the second draw rings 20 and hangs sampling thief 2.Described float 5 is made for the lightweight material of swimming; Support 19, fixed mount 10, fixed bar 11 are lignum vitae or iron structure; Fan 3 is a dc power supply, drives sampling apparatus and moves at the water surface.
Described support is irony or wooden skeleton structure, adopts welding (irony) or cover riveting (wooden) mode to connect between the different parts; Described sampling thief is the different sampling thiefs selected according to the research purpose needs, as is used for grab type sampling thief or column employing device (market has matured product) that sediment is gathered, is used for the sampling bottle or the bucket of water body example or hydrobiont sample collecting;
Described fan adopts commercially available square DC electric fan (external form is similar to the computer CPU radiator fan), and power supply adopts commercially available 12V accumulator; Described rope has two, a protofilament rope that is about 3mm for band scale diameter, being mainly used in the person on shore backhauls with sample the definite of position, sampling position, another root is the thin nylon rope of the about 0.5mm of diameter, be mainly used in the clutch of control latch, this latch is by the input of the corresponding sampling thief of clutch for clutch control and fixing of sampling apparatus; Described fixed mount is a reinforcing bar system framework, fixing sampling apparatus when being mainly used in sampling.This sampling apparatus also can the load columnar sampler etc. various model sampling thiefs.
Apparatus of the present invention critical piece specification is: single float length is respectively 80-150cm, 20-50cm, 20-50cm, and single float is at a distance of 20-80cm; The fixed mount height is 50-150cm.
Concrete operations:
The first step is placed on the sampling milder bank of the gradient, waters with sampling apparatus, sampling thief 2 (referring to Fig. 1) locate to hang irony grab type sampling thief (per sample amount how much select the sampling thief size, this product is ripe, market is on sale).Connect each rope.
Second step slowly pushed the sampling apparatus of load sampling thief in the water, adjusted the putting position of sampling apparatus according to the predetermined area of sampling, reserved rope 8 so that measure and the control sampling apparatus translation distance and the accurate position of sampling; Connect latch 7, be communicated with the power supply 9 of two fans 3 simultaneously, start sampling apparatus and drive towards the sampling predetermined area.
In the 3rd step, when the observed samples device travelled position sampling, when sampling apparatus arrived the predetermined area, by rope 8 (wherein) pulling latch 7, this moment, first and second draw ring 18 and 20 priorities came off, and promptly sampling thief and steel fork successively fall into the water; After sampling finishes, pulling rope 8 (other), this moment, sampling thief can emerge, meanwhile, spur rope 8 other again, it rises set collar 14 by lanyard 13 and breaks away from steel fork axle 22, and on the coast under the effect of tractive force, the steel fork run-off the straight also loses the effect of fixed sample device.Continue to haul 8 then, steel fork is pulled to significantly and the most at last sampling apparatus be dragged to the bank.
The 4th step, open sampling thief, collected specimens is in time handled or sealed up for safekeeping; Suitably the cleaning sampling thief carries out next sample collecting again.
Gather Guangzhou Shi Jinghe, the West Lake, South China Botanical Garden and Xixiang burlap village, Shenzhen estuarine deposit thing (bed mud), to target compound in the sample--heavy metal such as-lead, chromium, copper and polychlorinated biphenyl (a kind of persistence organic pollutant) are analyzed, and the concentration level of finding heavy metal such as lead, chromium, copper in the sediment and polychlorinated biphenyl can characterize the sediment pollution level under the above-mentioned varying environment medium preferably.Analytic sample gained data and domestic and international pertinent literature result of study are compared checking, find that testing result is accurately credible, obtained comparatively satisfied effect.
Critical piece and function: first and second pulley 1,6: alleviate the friction of rope and corresponding assembly, increase control sensitivity; Sampling thief 2: select at random according to experiment condition and purpose; Fan 3: utilize the wind-force backsurging principle to provide power for the sampling apparatus drift; Fan board 4: fan attachment; Float 5: the lightweight material of swimming is made, and carries corresponding sampling thief; Latch 7: in time throw in sampling thief and brake sampling apparatus, temporary fixed the one the second draw ring 18,20 and the power switches 21; 8: one in rope is used to detach latch 7 and traction and fixation ring 14,, another root is used to measure sampling apparatus offshore distance and draws sampling apparatus in good time; Accumulator 9: the DC electric fan power resources are provided; Fixed mount 10: by first pulley, 1 carrying sampling thief; Fixed bar 11: provide support for promoting and control steel fork 15 by set collar 14; Steel fork suspension strop 12: hang steel fork; Suspension strop 13: pull set collar; Fix 14: prevent that steel fork 15 from tilting in advance and influence the sampling apparatus fixed effect in the process of cable traction; Steel fork 15: the fixed sample device, so that sampling thief is hauled out the water surface smoothly, steel fork 15 links to each other with fixed bar 11 with steel fork axle 22 by set collar 14; Sampling thief stay cord 16: hang sampling thief; First draw ring 18: be enclosed within the interim steel fork that hangs on the latch 7; Support 19: connect float 5; Second draw ring 20: be enclosed within the interim sampling thief that hangs on the latch 7; Power switch 21: by latch 7 control fan swicthes; Steel fork axle 22: prevent that steel fork 15 from tilting in advance in the process of cable traction.
Embodiment 2: water sample and organism in water sample collecting
Basic structure is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is: grab bucket is replaced by the bucket that increases about the 10L that bears a heavy burden in the position of sampling thief 2, the course of work is identical with embodiment 1.
After the large volume water sampling, require to handle according to the pre-service of target compound on the bank immediately and packing, preservation; For the collection of biological sample, will gather water sample and carry out site disposal immediately on the bank, as adopting screen indexs such as algae detailed outline such as the blue-green algae in the water body, dinoflagellate and diatom and algae density are identified; Animal plankton in the water body is counted and identify by the relevant art means.Research group analyzes heavy metal such as lead, chromium, copper in Guangzhou Shi Jinghe, the West Lake, South China Botanical Garden and Xixiang burlap village, Shenzhen bay water body and polychlorinated biphenyl, and to evaluation and classification that the planktonic organism in the water body carries out, has obtained satisfied achievement in research.
Claims (7)
1. the sampling apparatus of shallow water surroundings and biological sample collection, it is characterized in that: comprise support (19), fixed mount (10), sampling thief (2), fan (3), rope (8) and latch (7), support (19) both sides are provided with float (5), and the fixed mount (10) that has sampling thief (2) is fixed in the top of support (19); Be equipped with on float (5) and drive its fan that moves (3), fan (3) is electrically connected with accumulator (9) on the float (5) by latch (7); One side of support (19) is connected with fixed bar (11), and rope (8) is two, is connected with sampling thief (2) and latch (7) respectively.
2. press the sampling apparatus of described shallow water surroundings of claim 1 and biological sample collection, it is characterized in that: with the support (19) of fixed bar (11) homonymy on also be provided with steel fork (15), steel fork (15) is walked around fixed bar (11) top the 3rd pulley (23) by the steel fork axle (22) on it by steel fork lanyard (12) and is hung on the fixed bar (11) with set collar (14).
3. press the sampling apparatus of described shallow water surroundings of claim 2 and biological sample collection, it is characterized in that: described set collar (14) is set on steel fork axle (22) and the fixed bar (11) simultaneously, the 3rd pulley (23) that the upper end is walked around on the fixed bar (11) by suspension strop (13) draws with rope (8), and the lower end is a free end; The 3rd pulley (23) that steel fork axle (22) is walked around on the fixed bar (11) by steel fork lanyard (12) is connected with the collar (18).
4. press the sampling apparatus of described shallow water surroundings of claim 1 and biological sample collection, it is characterized in that: described sampling thief (2) is by sampling thief rope (8) traction of walking around first and second pulley (1,6) on the fixed mount (10), and sampling thief (2) hangs on fixed mount (10) top by the sampling thief stay cord (16) of walking around first pulley (1) with draw ring (20).
5. press the sampling apparatus of described shallow water surroundings of claim 1 and biological sample collection, it is characterized in that: of described rope (8) links to each other with latch (7), the 3rd pulley (23) that the while end is walked around fixed bar (11) top links to each other with set collar (14), and another root is successively walked around second, one pulley (6,1) and linked to each other with sampling thief; Second pulley (6) is located on the support (19) adjacent with latch (7), and support (19) two ends link to each other with float (5).
6. by the sampling apparatus of described shallow water surroundings of claim 1 and biological sample collection, it is characterized in that: described latch (7) is hung with and draws (18,20), and wherein draw ring (18) hangs steel fork (15), and draw ring (20) hangs sampling thief (2).
7. by the sampling apparatus of the described shallow water surroundings of claim 1 and biological sample collection, it is characterized in that: described float (5) is made for the lightweight material of swimming; Support (19), fixed mount (10), fixed bar (11) are lignum vitae or iron structure; Fan (3) is a dc power supply, drives sampling apparatus and moves at the water surface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100142365A CN101498627B (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2008-01-30 | Sampling apparatus for shallow water surroundings and biological sample collection |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100142365A CN101498627B (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2008-01-30 | Sampling apparatus for shallow water surroundings and biological sample collection |
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| CN101498627A CN101498627A (en) | 2009-08-05 |
| CN101498627B true CN101498627B (en) | 2011-01-19 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2313844Y (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-04-14 | 汪运财 | Boat for automatically sampling water in river |
| CN1800810A (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2006-07-12 | 上海浩顺科技有限公司 | Remotely-controlled multilayer water sampler |
| CN101008592A (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2007-08-01 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Sampling device for volatile gas on the surface of water body and soil and sampling method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-01-30 CN CN2008100142365A patent/CN101498627B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2313844Y (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-04-14 | 汪运财 | Boat for automatically sampling water in river |
| CN1800810A (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2006-07-12 | 上海浩顺科技有限公司 | Remotely-controlled multilayer water sampler |
| CN101008592A (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2007-08-01 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Sampling device for volatile gas on the surface of water body and soil and sampling method thereof |
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| CN101498627A (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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Owner name: YANTAI INSTITUTE OF COASTAL ZONE RESEARCH, CHINESE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: YANTAI HAIANDAI SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE Effective date: 20120823 |
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Effective date of registration: 20120823 Address after: 264003 No. 26, Yinhai Road, Yantai, Shandong Patentee after: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Address before: 264003 No. 26, Yinhai Road, Yantai, Shandong Patentee before: Yantai Haiandai Sustainable Development Institute |