CN101498297B - Continuous over loading test system for cold compressor - Google Patents
Continuous over loading test system for cold compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101498297B CN101498297B CN2009100959065A CN200910095906A CN101498297B CN 101498297 B CN101498297 B CN 101498297B CN 2009100959065 A CN2009100959065 A CN 2009100959065A CN 200910095906 A CN200910095906 A CN 200910095906A CN 101498297 B CN101498297 B CN 101498297B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sustained overload testing system of a refrigerating compressor, which is characterized in that a refrigerating and operating unit comprises at least two parallel stations, wherein each station is provided with a tested compressor matched with an overload protector, both ends of the compressor are respectively connected with an air exhaust interface and a suction interface, a pressure balanced magnetic valve is connected in parallel with both ends of the exhaust interface and the suction interface, the exhaust interface is connected with a condenser by an exhaust magnetic valve, the condenser is arranged in a sealing box body, an electrical heating pipe and a cooling fan are arranged the sealing box body in a matching way, the condenser is connected with an expansion valve, the expansion valve is connected with an evaporator, the evaporator is arranged in the sealing box body in which the electrical heating pipe and the cooling fan are arranged in a matching way, the evaporator is connected with the suction interface by a suction magnetic valve to form a substitutive refrigerating operation loop, the expansion valve is connected with a first stepper motor which can control the opening degree of the expansion valve, and the refrigerating and operating unit is also provided with a contact type pressure regulator which is connected with a second stepper motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that the refrigeration compressor testing apparatus is made, be specifically related to continuous over loading test system for cold compressor.
Background technique
Along with the progressively raising with living standards of the people that further develops of national economy, that increasing occasion needs is freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping, temperature adjustment, and this just makes the application of chiller plant more extensive, and its status is also more important.Refrigeration compressor is the heart of various chiller plants, its performance height, quality good or not, and operation plays decisive influence to chiller plant, and is therefore also increasingly high to the refrigeration compressor security requirement.In the compressor operation; Non-normal working situations such as overheated, excess current are the one of the main reasons that causes the compressor security fault; Though product descritption all has guides user to avoid the content of compressor non-normal working usually; But in the process of the long-term energising work continuously of refrigeration appliance, the generation of non-normal working situation almost is inevitably, and this just requires refrigeration appliance that the ability of certain adaptation overload operating conditions not only will be arranged; The more important thing is that when occurring to cause the non-normal working situation of security fault reliable protective measure will be arranged.
In order to ensure people's safe handling, the refrigeration compressor product must be through strict item security test, and the continuous over loading testing apparatus must National standard GB4706.17-2004.Present domestic continuous over loading testing apparatus is very simple and crude, and detection speed is slow, labor intensity is big, precision is not high, and confidence level and efficient all are affected.In order to change this situation, we begin to develop new automatic compressor continuous over loading operation test system.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of full-automatic continuous over loading test system for cold compressor is provided, heating situation and the working state of overload protective device of the refrigeration compressor that this system can test at least two stations under the specific operation condition.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technological scheme:
A kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor comprises making compressor operating substituting refrigeration subsystem and carrying out the communication subsystem of working condition control and overload measurement to substituting refrigeration subsystem under the specific operation condition, substitutes refrigeration subsystem and comprises refrigerating operaton unit, refrigerant feeding unit and vacuum unit; Said refrigerant feeding unit is equipped with refrigerant cylinder, and said vacuum unit is equipped with vacuum pump, it is characterized in that said refrigerating operaton unit: comprise at least two parallelly connected stations; Each station is provided with a tested compressor of being furnished with overload protective device, and the compressor two ends connect exhaust port, air-breathing interface respectively, and the pressure balance solenoid valve is connected in parallel on the two ends of exhaust port, air-breathing interface; Exhaust port connects condenser through exhaust solenoid valve; Condenser places in the closed box, is furnished with electric heating tube, cooling fan in the casing, regulates the ambient temperature of condenser through electric heating tube, cooling fan and controls condensing temperature; Condenser links to each other with expansion valve; Expansion valve links to each other with vaporizer, and vaporizer places in the closed box, is furnished with electric heating tube, cooling fan in the casing; Regulate the ambient temperature of vaporizer through electric heating tube, cooling fan and control suction temperature; Vaporizer links to each other with air-breathing interface through suction solenoid valve, forms to substitute the refrigerating operaton loop, and said expansion valve also links to each other with first stepper motor of its opening degree of control; Opening degree through this first stepper motor variable expansion valve is controlled evaporating temperature; Said refrigerating operaton unit also is provided with contact type voltage regulator, and this contact type voltage regulator links to each other with second stepper motor, rotates through second stepper motor and regulates the operating voltage that contact type voltage regulator is controlled compressor.
Described communication subsystem comprises:
1) industrial control computer: be used to store TT&C software; And electrical quantity, winding temperature parameter, the temperature value that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, force value and vacuum measurement value and the predefined value comparison process that will gather the tested compressor of measuring, carry out working condition control and overload measurement to substituting refrigeration subsystem;
2) electrical quantity acquisition module: be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter, be used to gather the electrical quantity of tested compressor, and be sent to industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter;
3) winding temperature measurement module: be connected with industrial control computer through RS-232 interface, be used for cold conditions winding before the tested compressor startup and the hot winding relevant parameter after the startup are sent to industrial control computer;
4) step motor control module: be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter; Be used for driving the rotation of first and second stepper motors according to the stepper motor rotating speed of industrial control computer transmission and the signal of rotation angle; This step motor control module also with the isa bus slot that assigns into industrial control computer on the I/O control card link to each other; The signal of the stepper motor clockwise and anticlockwise that transmits according to industrial control computer drives first and second stepper motors, thereby the control step motor is realized the opening degree of expansion valve and regulated and the compressor operating voltage-regulation;
5) data acquisition module: link to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, be used to gather the temperature value, force value and the vacuum measurement value that substitute refrigeration subsystem;
6) I/O control module: link to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, be used for the control command of industrial control computer is transferred to driving element.
Said data acquisition module: the transmitter that comprise the A/D capture card that links to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, links to each other respectively through terminal board with the A/D capture card and pressure transducer, the vacuum measurement appearance that links to each other with the A/D capture card, the temperature transducer that links to each other with transmitter, temperature transducer is used to gather delivery temperature, inhalation temperature, compression case temperature, condenser ambient temperature, the ambient temperature of vaporizer, the compressor environment room temperature that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; Pressure transducer is used to gather exhaust pressure, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, and the A/D capture card is used for the temperature value and the force value of gathering are passed to industrial control computer.
Said I/O control module: comprise the I/O control card that links to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, the solid-state relay and the relay board that link to each other with the I/O control card respectively; Solid-state relay links to each other with the electric heating tube that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; Relay board links to each other with solenoid valve; Relay board links to each other with the power supply of the cooling fan that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, tested compressor, vacuum pump respectively through auxiliary reclay, the break-make of control line related.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: apparatus of the present invention belong to full-automatic type refrigeration compressor continuous over loading testing apparatus, can test two above compressors simultaneously.This invention can be accomplished system switching, self check, control work condition, the required project of detection, processing data, preservation data, printing reports automatically, can also accomplish refrigerant feeding, vacuumizes, low-voltage variation etc.In case of necessity, can also switch to manual state, (100V～300V) carries out manual tune and the control of the hand switch of each valve in the refrigeration system to refrigeration system operating mode and tested compressor operating voltage.Through test system of the present invention, can improve the efficient and the reliability of refrigeration compressor continuous over loading test greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 substitutes the refrigeration subsystem fundamental diagram for system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the general construction block diagram of the observing and controlling system subtense angle of system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the communication subsystem hardware frame figure of system of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the test process figure of system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the voltage rating experiment process figure of system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the slight overload test flow chart of system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the final trip test flow chart of system of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the TT&C software functional block diagram of system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Ginseng Fig. 1 the present invention includes and makes compressor operating substituting refrigeration subsystem and carrying out the communication subsystem of working condition control and overload measurement to substituting refrigeration subsystem under the specific operation condition, substitutes refrigeration subsystem and comprises refrigerating operaton unit, refrigerant feeding unit and vacuum unit; The refrigerant feeding unit is equipped with refrigerant cylinder 30, and vacuum unit is equipped with vacuum pump 33, the refrigerating operaton unit: comprise at least two parallelly connected stations; Each station is provided with a tested compressor 34 of being furnished with overload protective device; The compressor two ends connect exhaust port 1, air-breathing interface 9 respectively, and pressure balance solenoid valve 10 is connected in parallel on the two ends of exhaust port 1, air-breathing interface 9, and exhaust port 1 connects condenser 3 through exhaust solenoid valve 2; Condenser 3 places in the closed box; Be furnished with electric heating tube 4, cooling fan 23 in the casing, the heating through electric heating tube, the air quantity of cooling fan are regulated the ambient temperature of condenser and are controlled condensing temperature, and condenser 3 links to each other with expansion valve 5; Expansion valve 5 links to each other with vaporizer 6; Vaporizer 6 places in the closed box, is furnished with electric heating tube 7, cooling fan 25 in the casing, and cooling fan makes the air heat exchange in refrigeration pipe outer wall and the vaporizer casing of vaporizer even; Heating through electric heating tube, the air quantity of cooling fan are regulated the ambient temperature of vaporizer and are controlled suction temperature; Vaporizer 6 links to each other with air-breathing interface 9 through suction solenoid valve 8, forms to substitute the refrigerating operaton loop, and expansion valve 5 also links to each other with the first stepper motor (not shown) of its opening degree of control; Opening degree through this first stepper motor variable expansion valve is controlled evaporating temperature; The refrigerating operaton unit also is provided with the contact type voltage regulator (not shown), and this contact type voltage regulator links to each other with the second stepper motor (not shown), rotates through second stepper motor and regulates the operating voltage that contact type voltage regulator is controlled compressor.
Substitute the parallelly connected duplex position structure that refrigeration subsystem adopts in the present embodiment, each station can both independently be controlled, and is respectively station one and station two; Station one is established first compressor 34; Station two is established second compressor, 35, the first compressors 34 and second compressor, 35 shared environmental chambers 21, is furnished with the electric heating tube 22, the cooling fan 27 that are used to regulate compressor ambient temperature in the environmental chamber 21; Fan 27 makes the air flow in 21 casings of entire environment chamber, so that temperature is even in the whole box body.The relief opening of station one tested compressor 34 is connected exhaust port 1, air-breathing interface 1 respectively with intakeport; Linking to each other with exhaust solenoid valve 1, condenser 1, expansion valve 1, vaporizer 1, suction solenoid valve 1 is connected into a loop, and balanced solenoid valve 1 is connected in parallel on exhaust port 1, air-breathing interface 9 one two ends.Be furnished with electric heating tube 1 and cooling fan 1 in condenser one 3 casings, the air quantity of the heating and cooling fan 1 through electric heating tube 1 is controlled the ambient temperature in condenser one 3 casings.Be furnished with electric heating tube 27 and cooling fan 2 25 in vaporizer one 6 casings; Control the ambient temperature in vaporizer one 6 casings through the heating of electric heating tube 27, make the refrigeration pipe outer wall of vaporizer 1 and the air heat exchange in vaporizer one 6 casings even through cooling fan 2 25.The relief opening of station two tested compressors 35 is connected exhaust port 2 11, air-breathing interface 2 19 respectively with intakeport; Linking to each other with exhaust solenoid valve 2 12, condenser 2 13, expansion valve 2 15, vaporizer 2 16, suction solenoid valve 2 18 is connected into a loop, and balanced solenoid valve 2 20 is connected in parallel on exhaust port 2 11, air-breathing interface 2 19 two ends.Be furnished with electric heating tube 3 14 and cooling fan 3 24 in condenser 2 13 casings, the air quantity of the heating and cooling fan 3 24 through electric heating tube 3 14 is controlled the ambient temperature in condenser 2 13 casings.Be furnished with electric heating tube 4 17 and fan 4 26 in vaporizer 2 16 casings; Control the ambient temperature in vaporizer 2 16 casings through the heating of electric heating tube 4 17, make the refrigeration pipe outer wall of vaporizer 2 16 and the air heat exchange in vaporizer 2 16 casings even through fan 4 26.
The substituting refrigeration subsystem and must under the regulation operating mode, move of refrigeration compressor continuous over loading test, working condition is as shown in the table:
Substitute refrigeration system working condition table
| Application class | Evaporating temperature/℃ | Condensing temperature/℃ | Ambient temperature/℃ | Suction temperature/℃ |
| Low back pressure | -15 | +65 | +43 | +43 |
| Middle back pressure | 0 | +65 | +43 | +25 |
| High back pressure | +12 | +65 | +43 | +25 |
Refrigerant cylinder 30 outlets of refrigerant feeding unit connect and add liquid electromagnetic valve 31; The other end that adds liquid electromagnetic valve 31 connects station one control electromagnetic valve 28 and station two control electromagnetic valve 29 simultaneously; Between the air-breathing interface 9 and suction solenoid valve 8 of another termination first compressor 34 of station one control electromagnetic valve 28, between the air-breathing interface 19 and suction solenoid valve 18 of another termination second compressor 35 of station two control electromagnetic valve 29.
Vacuum pump 33 suction ports of vacuum unit connect emptying solenoid valve 32, and the other end of emptying solenoid valve 32 connects station one control electromagnetic valve 28 and station two control electromagnetic valve 29 simultaneously.
The hardware of the communication subsystem of system of the present invention like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, comprise with the bottom:
Industrial control computer: industrial control computer is the core of whole measuring control subsystem, is the main platform of realizing the man-machine communication, is the carrier of upper-position unit TT&C software.Be used to store TT&C software; And electrical quantity, winding temperature parameter, the temperature value that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, force value and vacuum measurement value and the predefined value comparison process that will gather the tested compressor of measuring, carry out working condition control and overload measurement to substituting refrigeration subsystem; Native system adopts the industrial control computer that grinds China; PCL-813A/D capture card 5, PCL-730I/O control card 6 are assigned on the isa bus slot of industrial control computer; One of them interface of the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer is connected the RS485 isolating converter; Form the RS485 field-bus interface; Through Field bus electrical quantity acquisition module, winding temperature measurement module, LED display modular, step motor control module, data acquisition module, I/O control module are coupled together the composition communication network, realize data capture and control signal transmission.Industrial control computer also connects printer through usb bus, realizes the printing of form.Based on the TT&C software of Delphi development platform, collection, test, analysis and the control of computer total digitalization have been realized.Simultaneously; Industrial control computer also is the core of whole overload measurement system, works with security and stability in order to make the industry control function, guarantees that data do not lose; Native system adopts the UPS uninterruptable power source to be its power supply, has ensured the normal operation of the software and hardware system that process control machine is inner effectively.
The electrical quantity acquisition module: the electrical measurement instrument of electrical quantity acquisition module adopts single-phase comprehensive voltameter; Be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter; Through the RS485 isolating converter, the electrical quantity that collects is sent to industrial control computer.The electrical quantity of electrical quantity acquisition module comprises station one tested compressor supply voltage, electric current, power, frequency, power factor, station two tested compressor supply voltages, electric current, power, frequency, power factor.
Winding temperature measurement module: be connected with industrial control computer through RS-232 interface; The winding temperature measurement module adopts the winding temperature rise testing instrument; With hot winding and other relevant parameter after cold conditions winding before the tested compressor startup and the tested compressor startup; Be sent to industrial control computer through RS232 interface on the testing instrument, process control machine combines the room temperature of measurement to calculate the winding temperature value of compressor electric motor.The winding temperature measurement module is mainly accomplished the on-line measurement to the tested compressor Electrimotor '.Winding temperature is measured and is adopted electric-resistivity method, calculates the method for winding temperature exactly through the variation of measuring winding resistance, this method good reproducibility, and measurement result is accurate.Use the resistance measurement winding temperature, following according to formula:
In the formula:
R
1---the resistance value during on-test;
R
2---the resistance value during off-test;
T---winding temperature;
T---room temperature.
The parameter of collection of winding temperature measurement module and computing comprises station one cold conditions winding, station one hot winding, station one winding temperature, station two cold conditions windings, station two hot windings, station two winding temperatures.
LED display modular: be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter; The LED display modular is that temperature value is shown through 4 LED nixie tubes, and the operation user can clearly understand the working state of continuous over loading test system.The CPU of LED temperature display panel 15 adopts 8 AVR chip MEGA8 of atmel corp, and communication interface adopts the RS485 EBI.The LED display modular is made up of 7 LED temperature display panels; Industrial control computer sends station one condensing temperature, station one evaporating temperature, station one inhalation temperature, compressor ambient temperature, station two condensing temperatures, station two evaporating temperatures, station two inhalation temperatures to 7 LED temperature display panels through RS485 isolating converter 7 respectively, and on 4 nixie tubes of LED temperature display panel 15, shows.
Step motor control module: be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter; Be used for driving the rotation of first and second stepper motors according to the stepper motor rotating speed of industrial control computer transmission and the signal of rotation angle; This step motor control module also with the isa bus slot that assigns into industrial control computer on the I/O control card link to each other; The signal of the stepper motor clockwise and anticlockwise that transmits according to industrial control computer drives first and second stepper motors, thereby the control step motor is realized the opening degree of expansion valve and regulated and the compressor operating voltage-regulation; The step motor control module is provided with the pulsing controller; The function of step motor control module is according to the requirement of continuous over loading running test, and industrial control computer is realized the openings of sizes of stepper motor adjusting compressor operating voltage and refrigeration system expansion valve through the pulsing controller.The CPU of pulsing controller 14 adopts 8 AVR chip MEGA8 of atmel corp, and communication interface adopts the RS485 EBI.Industrial control computer is through the RS485 isolating converter; Data such as the rotating speed of stepper motor and rotation angle are sent to the pulsing controller; The pulsing controller can generate corresponding pulse frequency and umber of pulse; Pulse frequency control step motor speed wherein, the angle that umber of pulse control stepper motor turns over, direction signal control step motor positive and inverse.The limit switch that links to each other with the I/O control card passes to the pulsing controller with limit signal, and after stroke was spacing up and down, the pulsing controller no longer produced pulse, and stepper motor is with stop motion.
Data acquisition module: link to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, be used to gather the temperature value, force value and the vacuum measurement value that substitute refrigeration subsystem; The transmitter that comprise the A/D capture card that links to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, links to each other respectively through terminal board with the A/D capture card and pressure transducer, the vacuum measurement appearance that links to each other with the A/D capture card, the temperature transducer that links to each other with transmitter, temperature transducer is used to gather delivery temperature, inhalation temperature, compression case temperature, condenser ambient temperature, the ambient temperature of vaporizer, the compressor environment room temperature that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; Pressure transducer is used to gather exhaust pressure, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; The vacuum measurement appearance is used to gather the degree of vacuum that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, and the A/D capture card is used for temperature value, force value and the vacuum measurement value of gathering are passed to industrial control computer.The surface flexible temperature transducer is adopted in the compressor housing thermometry; Near sticking placing the compressor housing relief opening; Temperature transducer, pressure transducer place respectively on the straight section of compressor row, suction pipe; Apart from about compressor 20CM, the direction of insertion of temperature transducer and flow of refrigerant direction are consistent.Data acquisition module mainly is to give industrial control computer with data transmission such as the pressure of gathering in the overload test, temperature and degree of vacuum.Temperature transducer 17 adopts Pt100 platinum resistor and temperature transmitter, thermocouple and temperature transmitter; Pressure transducer 18 adopts diffused silicon pressure transmitter; The vacuum measurement appearance adopts resistance vacuum gauge; The A/D capture card adopts and grinds 12 32 passage PCL-813A/D capture cards 5 of magnificent company, cooperates 32 tunnel ends daughter boards 8 to use.
I/O control module: link to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, be used for the control command of industrial control computer is transferred to driving element.The I/O control module is that the control command with industrial control computer is transferred to actuator, and whole overload measurement system is controlled.Comprise the I/O control card that links to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, the driving element-solid-state relay (SSR) and the relay board that link to each other with the I/O control card respectively; Solid-state relay links to each other with each electric heating tube that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; Comprise: electric heating tube 22, electric heating tube 1, electric heating tube 27, electric heating tube 3 14, electric heating tube 4 17; Relay board links to each other with each solenoid valve that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; Comprise: suction solenoid valve 1 and 2 19, exhaust solenoid valve 1 and 2 11, balanced solenoid valve 1 and 2 20, add liquid electromagnetic valve 31, station one control electromagnetic valve 28 and station two control electromagnetic valve 29, emptying solenoid valve 32; Relay board links to each other with the power supply of the cooling fan that substitutes refrigeration subsystem 27, cooling fan 1, cooling fan 2 25, cooling fan 3 24, cooling fan 4 26, tested compressor 35 and 35, vacuum pump 33 respectively through auxiliary reclay, the break-make of control line related.The object of I/O control module major control is tested compressor, vacuum pump, cooling fan, solenoid valve, electric heating tube.The I/O control panel adopts and grinds the PCL-730I/O control card of magnificent company, can provide 32 road Transistor-Transistor Logic level DIO passages (16 tunnel inputs and 16 tunnel outputs) and 32 tunnel to isolate DIO passage (16 tunnel inputs and 16 tunnel outputs).The relay plate adopts and grinds the PCLD-885 relay plate of magnificent company, and the output of 16 channel power relays can be provided.
The continuous over loading test process of system of the present invention is divided into three phases:
(1) voltage rating test
The voltage rating experiment process is as shown in Figure 5, is meant compressor and overload protective device association under voltage rating, and with substituting refrigeration system operating provisions working condition, the continuous over loading operation period is not less than 2 hours.The working temperature deviation is ambient temperature, condensing temperature and suction temperature ± 2 ℃ of compressor, evaporating temperature ± 1 ℃.
(2) slight overload test
Slight overload test flow process is as shown in Figure 6; Be meant that compressor and overload protective device association are under the regulation working condition; Operating voltage is adjusted into 1.06 times of voltage rating, and test is operation always, arrive steady state after; Again operating voltage is adjusted to 0.94 times of voltage rating, continues test up to arriving steady state.Every interval 10 minutes is in same point in the operation period, and continuous case temperature of reading for three times and winding temperature value differ and be no more than 1K, then thinks the stability test condition that reaches.In slight overload test, should satisfy three conditions: the winding temperature of measurement should not surpass specified value; Action should not appear in overload protective device; Case temperature should be above 150 ℃.
(3) final trip test
Final trip test is as shown in Figure 7; Be meant compressor and overload protective device association under the regulation working condition, operating voltage is adjusted to 0.85 times of voltage rating, test is operation always; After arriving steady state; If overload protective device is failure to actuate, then the amplitude by voltage rating 4% reduces voltage, until reaching steady state.This process lasts till that always one of scenario occurs: the action of overload of compressor protector; Compressor is out of service; When compressor can not further reduce at voltage again, still can continue operation, and can reach steady state.
System of the present invention need be to substituting the refrigeration subsystem working condition and the tested compressor operating voltage is controlled in running.
(1) evaporating temperature control
The evaporating temperature and the pressure of inspiration(Pi) that substitute refrigeration subsystem are corresponding, can realize the control to evaporating temperature through the control pressure of inspiration(Pi).Pressure of inspiration(Pi) is regulated by expansion valve, and the open degree of expansion valve is little, and the flow that refrigeration agent passes through is just few, and pressure of inspiration(Pi) is just low; The open degree of expansion valve is big, and the flow that refrigeration agent passes through is just many, and pressure of inspiration(Pi) is also just high.According to the thermal properties of refrigeration agent, pressure of inspiration(Pi) is low more, and corresponding evaporating temperature is just low more; Pressure of inspiration(Pi) is high more, and corresponding evaporating temperature is also just high more.Therefore through software the expansion valve stepper motor is regulated, just can be controlled evaporating temperature.
(2) condensing temperature control
The condensing temperature and the exhaust pressure that substitute refrigeration subsystem are corresponding, can realize the control to condensing temperature through the control exhaust pressure.System adds refrigeration agent also can improve exhaust pressure, and behind the refrigeration agent of system's interpolation appropriate amount, exhaust pressure is mainly by ambient temperature control in the condenser.Ambient temperature raises in the condenser, makes heat exchange not smooth, and exhaust pressure just uprises; Ambient temperature reduces in the condenser, makes heat exchange smooth and easy, and exhaust pressure is with regard to step-down.According to the thermal properties of refrigeration agent, exhaust pressure is low more, and corresponding condensing temperature is just low more; Exhaust pressure is high more, and corresponding condensing temperature is also just high more.Therefore through software electric heating tube in the condenser and cooling fan are controlled, just can be controlled condensing temperature.
(3) suction temperature control
Suction temperature is realized regulating through ambient temperature in the control vaporizer.Ambient temperature raises in the vaporizer, and suction temperature just uprises; Ambient temperature reduces in the vaporizer, and suction temperature is with regard to step-down.Therefore through software the electric heating tube in the vaporizer is controlled, just can be controlled suction temperature.
(4) ambient temperature control
Ambient temperature is to be controlled by the electric heating tube in the environmental chamber 21.Because environmental chamber is that two stations are shared, can make the entire environment room temperature even through circulating fan, reduces the ambient temperature difference between two stations.
(5) operating voltage control
Operating voltage control is to rotate through stepper motor to regulate contact type voltage regulator.The operating voltage of compressor need be regulated according to three test phases in the continuous over loading running test.In the voltage rating test need be voltage rating with the compressor operating voltage-regulation; Need be 1.06 times of voltage rating with the compressor operating voltage-regulation in the slight overload test, regulation working condition operation down reaches steady state, then operating voltage is adjusted to 0.96 times of voltage rating, is issued to steady state at the regulation working condition equally; Need be 0.85 times of voltage rating with the compressor operating voltage-regulation in the final trip test; The operating condition of test condition is issued to steady state; The amplitude of operating voltage by voltage rating 4% reduced, up to reaching stable or situation such as compressor protector moves, compressor power voltage can not further reduce occurring.
The TT&C software design foreground developing instrument of system of the present invention is selected Delphi 7 for use, and this developing instrument is a kind of visual high-level programming language that runs under the windows platform, is suitable for developing form class application program.SQL Server is adopted in the TT&C software data management; It is that Microsoft company is the relational database management system of new generation based on client/server structure that Windows NT designs, and Delphi can be connected with database with methods such as ADO assemblies through database engine BDE.
System testing process of the present invention is as shown in Figure 3, concrete steps:
(1) tested compressor that will be furnished with overload protective device is installed on the test platform; Station one tested compressor 34 relief openings, intakeport are connected with exhaust port 1, air-breathing interface 1 respectively, and station two tested compressors 35 relief openings, intakeport are connected with exhaust port 2 11, air-breathing interface 2 19 respectively;
(2) TT&C software of operation continuous over loading test system, input operator user and password in user's login interface are checked the operation user right, check can get into TT&C software after correct;
(3) parameters of input tested compressor, parameter comprises compressor model, grade of steel, numbering, voltage rating, system refrigerant, the compressor place of production, starter model, overload protective device model, overload protective device resistance etc.;
(4) will substitute refrigeration subsystem vacuumizes.At first open control electromagnetic valve, exhaust solenoid valve, suction solenoid valve, the balanced solenoid valve of emptying solenoid valve and test station, start vacuum pump then, will substitute refrigeration system and vacuumize;
(5) refrigerant feeding in substituting refrigeration subsystem.At first close emptying solenoid valve and vacuum pump, open then and add liquid electromagnetic valve, in tested station refrigeration system, add the refrigeration agent of appropriate amount, close all solenoid valves at last;
(6) exhaust solenoid valve is opened, opened suction solenoid valve subsequently, start the test of compressor starts continuous over loading.Continuous over loading test system is tested three Test items successively, is respectively voltage rating test, slight overload test and final trip test, regulates automatically and substitutes refrigeration system operating mode and tested compressor operating voltage, makes it to operate in the predetermined range;
(7) behind the EOT, the printing test form is closed test station automatically automatically.
The functional block diagram of TT&C software is as shown in Figure 8:
(1) password modification and authority setting are mainly accomplished in user management.The operation user right is divided into system manager and normal operator.The system manager has the highest weight limit, can use all functions of TT&C software, comprises functions such as authority setting, data deletion; The normal operator can only use the partial function of TT&C software, accomplishes whole test process, can not the rights of using setting, Premium Features such as data deletion.
(2) the main input of accomplishing the tested compressor parameters of test parameter input.The tested compressor parameter comprises compressor model, grade of steel, numbering, voltage rating, system refrigerant, the compressor place of production, starter model, overload protective device model, overload protective device resistance etc.
(3) operating condition of test is set and is accomplished the operating mode setting that overload measurement substitutes refrigeration subsystem, and operating condition of test is made up of standard condition and any operating mode.Standard condition is meant and substitutes refrigeration subsystem operation under the working condition of GB regulation; Operating mode is meant that the operation user can set the operating conditions condition of refrigeration subsystem according to actual needs arbitrarily arbitrarily; Comprise that evaporating temperature is set, condensing temperature is set, ambient temperature is set and suction temperature is set, each desired temperature is that 1 of decimal point is effective.
(4) system's control can be divided into manual control and intelligent control.Manually under the state of a control, the operating voltage of tested compressor can be regulated voluntarily, and each solenoid valve of refrigeration subsystem can carry out switch control, and compressor start and stop state can be controlled, and each system chambers heating can be regulated with cooling; Under the intelligent control state, test system will be controlled according to test event automatically, mainly accomplish the control of refrigeration subsystem operating mode, the adjusting of tested compressor operating voltage and overload measurement system and declare surely.
(5) data processing, storage and query function comprise test data processing, test data preservation, report query, the inquiry of historical data, data deletion, form and curve printing etc.Record and state, the data of preserving in the test run are the vital tasks of continuous over loading TT&C software.Have only and realize that accurate record could satisfy the requirement of various analytic statistics, and the operation of system's control is instructed.The method of keeping records is to obtain previously selected File by certain periodic intervals, and is kept at them in the database file.
(6) On Screen Display need be accomplished data display, instrument demonstration, curve demonstration and report display.Data after pressure, temperature, degree of vacuum and the calculation process that the main display system of data display is gathered.Instrument shows the data that main Displaying Meter is gathered, and comprises the electrical quantity of single-phase comprehensive voltameter collection, cold-state resistance and hot resistance, the LED temperature display panel temperature displayed value etc. that the winding temperature rise testing instrument is gathered.Curve show the variation tendency that real time data, instrumented data self-test begin, the electrical quantity curve of gathering comprising four temperature curves (evaporating temperature, condensing temperature, ambient temperature and suction temperature), case temperature curve, actuator surface temperature curve, protector surface temperature curve, wiring terminal surface temperature curve, conductive line surfaces temperature curve, winding temperature rise curve and the voltameter of working condition etc.The test data of different magnitude of voltage under the parameter of report display demonstration tested compressor and each test event.
Claims (9)
1. a continuous over loading test system for cold compressor comprises making compressor operating substituting refrigeration subsystem and carrying out the communication subsystem of working condition control and overload measurement to substituting refrigeration subsystem under the specific operation condition, substitutes refrigeration subsystem and comprises refrigerating operaton unit, refrigerant feeding unit and vacuum unit; Said refrigerant feeding unit is equipped with refrigerant cylinder, and said vacuum unit is equipped with vacuum pump, it is characterized in that said refrigerating operaton unit: comprise at least two parallelly connected stations; Each station is provided with a tested compressor of being furnished with overload protective device, and the compressor two ends connect exhaust port, air-breathing interface respectively, and the pressure balance solenoid valve is connected in parallel on the two ends of exhaust port, air-breathing interface; Exhaust port connects condenser through exhaust solenoid valve; Condenser places in the closed box, is furnished with electric heating tube, cooling fan in the casing, regulates the ambient temperature of condenser through electric heating tube, cooling fan and controls condensing temperature; Condenser links to each other with expansion valve; Expansion valve links to each other with vaporizer, and vaporizer places in the closed box, is furnished with electric heating tube, cooling fan in the casing; Regulate the ambient temperature of vaporizer through electric heating tube, cooling fan and control suction temperature; Vaporizer links to each other with air-breathing interface through suction solenoid valve, forms to substitute the refrigerating operaton loop, and said expansion valve also links to each other with first stepper motor of its opening degree of control; Opening degree through this first stepper motor variable expansion valve is controlled evaporating temperature; Said refrigerating operaton unit also is provided with contact type voltage regulator, and this contact type voltage regulator links to each other with second stepper motor, rotates through second stepper motor and regulates the operating voltage that contact type voltage regulator is controlled compressor.
2. a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: the said refrigeration subsystem that substitutes adopts parallelly connected duplex position structure; Each station can both independently be controlled; Be respectively station one and station two, station one is first compressor (34), and station two is second compressor (35); First compressor (34) and the shared environmental chamber of second compressor (35) (21) are furnished with the electric heating tube (22), the cooling fan (27) that are used to regulate compressor ambient temperature in the environmental chamber (21).
3. a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: refrigerant cylinder (30) outlet of said refrigerant feeding unit connects an end that adds liquid electromagnetic valve (31); The other end that adds liquid electromagnetic valve (31) connects an end of station one control electromagnetic valve (28) and station two control electromagnetic valve (29) simultaneously; Between the air-breathing interface (9) and Aspirating valves (8) of another termination first compressor of station one control electromagnetic valve (28), between the air-breathing interface (19) and Aspirating valves (18) of another termination second compressor (35) of station two control electromagnetic valve (29).
4. a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that: the vacuum pump of said vacuum unit (33) suction port connects an end of emptying solenoid valve (32), and the other end of emptying solenoid valve (32) connects station one control electromagnetic valve (28) and station two control electromagnetic valve (29) simultaneously.
5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor is characterized in that described communication subsystem comprises:
1) industrial control computer: be used to store TT&C software; And electrical quantity, winding temperature parameter, the temperature value that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, force value and vacuum measurement value and the predefined value comparison process that will gather the tested compressor of measuring, carry out working condition control and overload measurement to substituting refrigeration subsystem;
2) electrical quantity acquisition module: be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter, be used to gather the electrical quantity of tested compressor, and be sent to industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter;
3) winding temperature measurement module: be connected with industrial control computer through RS-232 interface, be used for cold conditions winding before the tested compressor startup and the hot winding relevant parameter after the startup are sent to industrial control computer;
4) step motor control module: be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter; Be used for driving the rotation of first and second stepper motors according to the stepper motor rotating speed of industrial control computer transmission and the signal of rotation angle; This step motor control module also with the isa bus slot that assigns into industrial control computer on the I/O control card link to each other; The signal of the stepper motor clockwise and anticlockwise that transmits according to industrial control computer drives first and second stepper motors, thereby the control step motor is realized the opening degree of expansion valve and regulated and the compressor operating voltage-regulation;
5) data acquisition module: link to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, be used to gather the temperature value, force value and the vacuum measurement value that substitute refrigeration subsystem;
6) I/O control module: link to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, be used for the control command of industrial control computer is transferred to driving element.
6. a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that said data acquisition module: the transmitter that comprise the A/D capture card that links to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, links to each other respectively through terminal board with the A/D capture card and pressure transducer, the vacuum measurement appearance that links to each other with the A/D capture card, the temperature transducer that links to each other with transmitter, temperature transducer is used to gather delivery temperature, inhalation temperature, compression case temperature, condenser ambient temperature, the ambient temperature of vaporizer, the compressor environment room temperature that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; Pressure transducer is used to gather exhaust pressure, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, and the A/D capture card is used for the temperature value and the force value of gathering are passed to industrial control computer.
7. a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that said I/O control module: comprise the I/O control card that links to each other with industrial control computer through isa bus, the solid-state relay and the relay board that link to each other with the I/O control card respectively; Solid-state relay links to each other with each electric heating tube that substitutes refrigeration subsystem; Relay board links to each other with each solenoid valve; Relay board links to each other with the power supply of the cooling fan that substitutes refrigeration subsystem, tested compressor, vacuum pump respectively through auxiliary reclay, the break-make of control line related.
8. a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor as claimed in claim 6; It is characterized in that: the surface flexible temperature transducer is adopted in said compressor housing thermometry; Near sticking placing the compressor housing relief opening; Temperature transducer, pressure transducer place respectively on the straight section of compressor row, suction pipe, and apart from about compressor 2PCM, the direction of insertion of temperature transducer and flow of refrigerant direction are consistent.
9. a kind of continuous over loading test system for cold compressor as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that described communication subsystem also is provided with the LED display modular: be connected with the RS-232 interface that links to each other with industrial control computer through the RS-485 isolating converter, be used to the condensing temperature, evaporating temperature, suction temperature and the compressor ambient temperature value that show that industrial control computer transmits.
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