CN101496610A - Defatted superfine fresh bone meal and uses thereof - Google Patents
Defatted superfine fresh bone meal and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101496610A CN101496610A CNA2008100574547A CN200810057454A CN101496610A CN 101496610 A CN101496610 A CN 101496610A CN A2008100574547 A CNA2008100574547 A CN A2008100574547A CN 200810057454 A CN200810057454 A CN 200810057454A CN 101496610 A CN101496610 A CN 101496610A
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Abstract
The invention provides degreased superfine fresh bone powder, which is applied in the fields of foods, functional foods and medicines. The degreased superfine fresh bone powder has the characteristics of high protein, high calcium, a small amount of fat, and superfine grain size. A technical process comprises the following steps: cleaning fresh animal bones; breaking the bone via a brute force, carrying out pulverization, degreasing, drying and attritioning to obtain the degreased superfine fresh bone powder. Compared with the prior art, the technical process adjusts a technical route, and adopts a processing method integrating pulverization, chemical degreasing, drying and attritioning, thereby ensuring that the production is easy to realize, the energy consumption is reduced, and the product is safe and sanitary, and is easily stored. The degreased superfine fresh bone powder can be widely applied to the calc reinforcement for meat products, cake and condiments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of food processing field, particularly a kind of is the defatted superfine fresh bone meal and uses thereof of raw material with the animal bone.
Background technology
Live stock and fowl bone accounts for the 20%-30% of the weight of animals, can produce nearly approximately 2,000 ten thousand tons live stock and fowl bone every year, chop, spinal joints and the direct marketing of part informal voucher meat band bone, the big stick-means of intimidation bone of ox is used to prepare gelatin or extracts ossein, bone soup, China still has a large amount of live stock and fowl bones not to be utilized effectively, and also has sufficient livestock and poultry bone resource to await development.
The live stock and fowl bone processing and utilization is insider's emphasis content always, especially reducing environmental pollution, realize resource reutilization, lifting is butchered the by-product value aspect and has been carried out a large amount of research work, as ossein, bone soup, bone medicinal extract, with bone enzymatic hydrolyzed extract preparation feedback type essence, the application of bone mud in meat products etc.The industrialization of part achievement has produced good economic benefit and social benefit.The publication number of bone processing aspect is: the patent application of CN1711916A discloses a kind of bone deep process method.Its technology be after bone, salt, spices and water are separated through heating again respectively by vacuum concentrate, technical process such as allotment, emulsifying, drying and enzymolysis, high temperature, allotment make soup stock, flavouring and bone meal product and flavoring product.Publication number is the bone-marrow extract of CN1471853A, discloses a kind of preparation method of food dressing bone-marrow extract, it be by live stock and fowl bone bone mud, biology enzyme, food glue, auxiliary and condiment and water through reactor enzymolysis, extracting, concentrate, purify and make.
With the present invention the most approaching be that publication number is superfine fresh bone meal and production method and the usage of CN1299614A.Its technology is after being raw material removing attachment with the pork shoulder bone, to clean dehydration, and through coarse crushing, secondary pulverizing, in small, broken bits and ultra-fine grinding level Four, this technology will be carried out under 75 ℃～85 ℃ constant temperature.There are 3 deficiencies in the method: the one, and raw material only is the pork shoulder bone, the multiple live stock and fowl bone of other except that the pork shoulder bone then can not be fully used, so it has certain limitation on the aggregate source.The 2nd, handle through degreasing process, contain 5%～15% fat in the bone meal, contain a large amount of unrighted acids in the bone fat fat, easy oxidation deterioration in processing and storage influences local flavor and the quality and the pot-life of product.The 3rd, because the existence of significant quantities of fat brings very big difficulty to ultra-fine grinding, require high to disintegrating apparatus and system temperature.In the ultra-fine grinding process,, then need whole system to continue to be connected with 0 ℃～5 ℃ cold air if adopt low-temperature airflow to pulverize; If freezing pulverizing then needs to add liquid nitrogen, guarantee to carry out at low temperatures, otherwise can't realize.The per kilogram processing cost is pulverized than normal temperature like this increases by 50%～80%, and wastes a large amount of energy.So not only processing cost is very high for the disclosed method of this patent application, causes finished product price height, can not fully satisfy people's needs.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned prior art deficiency, the defatted superfine fresh bone meal that a kind of processing cost is low, mouthfeel is good is provided;
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of purposes of defatted superfine fresh bone meal of the present invention.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Defatted superfine fresh bone meal of the present invention is obtained by following step processing:
(1) cleans the animal bone;
(2) powerful broken bone;
(3) the broken bone mud that gets of fine powder;
(4) adopt chemical method or heating means to carry out degreasing, get degreasing bone mud;
(5) heated-air drying;
(6) ultra-fine grinding.
Preferably, the broken twice grinding step that comprises of described step (3) fine powder: the gap of the first road bone mud mill rotor and stator is big, the gap of the second road bone mud mill rotor and stator is little, and it is even with mixing of materials to ice bits before grinding, the ice bits total amount of adding in the twice attrition process is 30%～40% of a bright bone weight, obtains granularity 80～120 purpose bone mud after fine powder is broken.
Preferably, described step (4) adopts the chemical method degreasing: with concentration is 0.4%～0.8% NaOH solution or 0.8%～1.6% NaHCO
3The broken bone mud of solution and step (3) fine powder mixes, and carries out degreasing under the stirring at room effect, mixing speed 60～90r/min, 6～10 hours time; Obtain fat and degreasing bone mud, degreasing bone mud is neutral with clear water through repeatedly washing, filter until bone mud again, drains away the water.
The alkali lye that can be used for degreasing has NaOH and NaHCO
3, through experimental comparison, the degreasing effect of NaOH is better.Use NaOH solution to carry out degreasing, when concentration was lower than 0.4%, degreasing effect was not ideal, was higher than at 0.8% o'clock, did not have much raisings for the fat-extraction rate, had but increased cost.The concentration of considering to select NaOH from degreasing effect and cost two aspects is 0.4%～0.8% to be advisable.The purpose that stirs is in order to make the quick gathering of fat in the bone mud, and speed should not be too fast, selects 60r/min～90r/min to be advisable.Under above-mentioned concentration of lye and mixing speed condition, after 6～10 hours, the fat back in the bone mud is assembled agglomerating, collects fat, reaches the degreasing purpose.
Defatted superfine fresh bone meal of the present invention in cake, flavouring, oil-in-water type frankfurter as the application of Creta Preparata.
(3) beneficial effect
Defatted superfine fresh bone meal of the present invention is owing to be provided with defatting step in process, bone meal after the degreasing uses general ultrafine crusher, can carry out ultra-fine grinding at normal temperatures, reduced processing cost significantly, the per kilogram processing cost reduces by 50%～80% than existing low-temperature grinding after tested; And owing to can produce under the normal temperature, so operating procedure is also simple relatively, the operating reliability height.Defatted superfine fresh bone meal free from extraneous odour, free from admixture, the no gritty sense of gained simultaneously, mouthfeel is fine.Raw material sources used in the present invention in addition are extensive, and any poultry bone all can be fully used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the processing process figure of defatted superfine fresh bone meal of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the particle size distribution figure of the defatted superfine ox rod fresh bone meal that makes of the method by embodiment 1.
The specific embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In all poultry bones, the hardness and the intensity of ox rod bone are maximum, and fat content is also high, and it is big to pulverize difficulty of processing, and the crushing technology problem of ox rod bone can solve, and other poultry bone is readily solved.
As shown in Figure 1, the defatted superfine fresh ox of present embodiment rod bone meal is made by following method:
(1) cleans ox rod bone
Adopt bright ox rod bone as raw material, clean, guarantee that material bone meets hygienic requirements through water.
(2) powerful broken bone
Raw material after cleaning is put into powerful broken bone machine successively, carry out the broken bone of brute force.In order to guarantee the smooth discharging of bright bone, when pulverizing, add an amount of frozen water, the addition of frozen water is 30% of a bright bone weight.Granularity≤1mm after the coarse crushing.
(3) fine powder is broken
The broken employing bone of the fine powder mud mill of bright bone, in order to reach desirable crushing effect, to carry out twice through the material behind the powerful broken bone of step (2) grinds, gap by regulating bone mud mill rotor and stator is to obtain the gradually thin bone mud of particle, the gap of the first road bone mud mill rotor and stator is big, and the gap of the second road bone mud mill rotor and stator is little.It is even with mixing of materials to ice bits before grinding, control material outlet temperature≤30 ℃, and the addition of ice bits is 40% of a bright bone weight.Obtain granularity 120 purpose bone mud after fine powder is broken.
(4) degreasing
Adopt chemical method to carry out degreasing.Select 0.8% NaOH solution, mix, under stirring action, carry out degreasing, mixing speed 90r/min with bone mud.Degreasing is at room temperature carried out, 6 hours time.After degreasing finishes, the agglomerating liquid level that floats over of fat aggregation, protein and inorganic matter are then at bottom.Collection gained fat is used hot wash, removes residual alkali, is neutral until fat, obtains bone fat fat and degreasing bone mud, and wherein the bone fat fat can be used for instant noodle seasoning bag, butter, perhaps prepares aliphatic acid etc.Degreasing bone mud is neutral with clear water through repeatedly washing, filter until bone mud again, drains away the water.
(5) heated-air drying
Remove moisture in the bone mud with air drier, the heated-air drying temperature is selected 85 ℃, and the time is 4 hours, makes moisture≤8%, and at this moment products therefrom is a bone tankage.
(6) ultra-fine grinding
Use ultrafine crusher, at normal temperatures bone tankage is taked to impact ultra-fine grinding and get defatted superfine fresh ox rod bone meal of the present invention.Because through defatting step, so ultra-fine grinding is simple and easy to do, and energy consumption is low, has reduced processing cost significantly, the per kilogram processing cost reduces by 50%～80% than low-temperature grinding after tested.
The granulometry measuring instrument title of the defatted superfine fresh ox rod bone meal that makes through the method for present embodiment: Winner3001 laser particle size analyzer
Measurement category: 0.6 μ m～120 μ m
Decentralized medium: air
Sample concentration: 2.0
Analytical model: standard
The size distribution situation as shown in Figure 2.
Measurement result D10=4.08 μ m D50=24.52 μ m D90=68.12 μ m
SN＝5898.57cm
2/cm
3
Dav＝31.05μm
Defatted superfine fresh ox that the method for present embodiment makes rod bone meal color be white in color shape, free from extraneous odour, free from admixture, no gritty sense, granularity≤75 μ m (being equivalent to 〉=200 orders).Its nutritional labeling analysis result:
Moisture 3.31%, protein 29.4%, fat 4.68%, calcium 21.8%, phosphorus 9.35%, iron 620mg/kg, zinc 145mg/kg.
Embodiment 2 defatted superfine fresh pigs rod bone meal
As shown in Figure 1, the defatted superfine fresh pig of present embodiment rod bone meal is made by following method:
(1) cleans bright pig rod bone
Adopt the bright excellent bone of pig as raw material, clean, guarantee that material bone meets hygienic requirements through water.
(2) powerful broken bone
Raw material after cleaning is put into powerful broken bone machine successively, carry out the broken bone of brute force.In order to guarantee the smooth discharging of bright bone, when pulverizing, add an amount of frozen water, the addition of frozen water is 40% of a bright bone weight.Granularity≤1mm after the coarse crushing.
(3) fine powder is broken
The broken employing bone of the fine powder mud mill of bright bone, in order to reach desirable crushing effect, to carry out twice through the material behind the powerful broken bone of step (2) grinds, gap by regulating bone mud mill rotor and stator is to obtain the gradually thin bone mud of particle, the gap of the first road bone mud mill rotor and stator is big, and the gap of the second road bone mud mill rotor and stator is little.It is even with mixing of materials to ice bits before grinding, control material outlet temperature≤30 ℃, and the addition of ice bits is 30% of a bright bone weight.Obtain granularity 100 purpose bone mud after fine powder is broken.
(4) degreasing
Adopt chemical method to carry out degreasing.Select 0.6% NaOH solution, mix, under stirring action, carry out degreasing, mixing speed 60r/min with bone mud.Degreasing is at room temperature carried out, 10 hours time.After degreasing finishes, the agglomerating liquid level that floats over of fat aggregation, protein and inorganic matter are then at bottom.Collection gained fat is used hot wash, removes residual alkali, is neutral until fat, obtains animal oil and takes off phalanges mud, and wherein animal oil can be used for instant noodle seasoning bag, butter, perhaps prepares aliphatic acid etc.Degreasing bone mud is neutral with clear water through repeatedly washing, filter until bone mud again, drains away the water.
(5) heated-air drying
Remove moisture in the bone mud with air drier, the heated-air drying temperature is selected 85 ℃, and the time is 4 hours, makes moisture≤8%, and at this moment products therefrom is a bone tankage.
(6) ultra-fine grinding
Use ultrafine crusher, at normal temperatures bone tankage is taked to impact ultra-fine grinding and get defatted superfine fresh pig rod bone meal of the present invention.Because through defatting step, so ultra-fine grinding is simple and easy to do, and energy consumption is low, has reduced processing cost significantly, the per kilogram processing cost reduces by 50%～80% than low-temperature grinding after tested.
Defatted superfine fresh pig that the method for present embodiment makes rod bone meal color be creamy white shape, free from extraneous odour, free from admixture, no gritty sense.Its nutritional labeling analysis result:
Moisture 3.64%, protein 38%, fat 2.36%, calcium 18.7%, phosphorus 9.0%, iron 247mg/kg, zinc 218mg/kg.
Embodiment 3 defatted superfine fresh pork shoulder bone meal
As shown in Figure 1, the defatted superfine fresh pork shoulder bone meal of present embodiment is made by following method:
(1) cleans bright pork shoulder bone
Adopt bright pork shoulder bone as raw material, clean, guarantee that material bone meets hygienic requirements through water.
(2) powerful broken bone
Raw material after cleaning is put into powerful broken bone machine successively, carry out the broken bone of brute force.In order to guarantee the smooth discharging of bright bone, when pulverizing, add an amount of frozen water, the addition of frozen water is 35% of a bright bone weight.Granularity≤1mm after the coarse crushing.
(3) fine powder is broken
The broken employing bone of the fine powder mud mill of bright bone, in order to reach desirable crushing effect, to carry out twice through the material behind the powerful broken bone of step (2) grinds, gap by regulating bone mud mill rotor and stator is to obtain the gradually thin bone mud of particle, the gap of the first road bone mud mill rotor and stator is big, and the gap of the second road bone mud mill rotor and stator is little.It is even with mixing of materials to ice bits before grinding, control material outlet temperature≤30 ℃, and the addition of ice bits is 35% of a bright bone weight.Obtain granularity 80 purpose bone mud after fine powder is broken.
(4) degreasing
Adopt chemical method to carry out degreasing.Select 0.4% NaOH solution, mix, under stirring action, carry out degreasing, mixing speed 80r/min with bone mud.Degreasing is at room temperature carried out, 8 hours time.After degreasing finishes, the agglomerating liquid level that floats over of fat aggregation, protein and inorganic matter are then at bottom.Collection gained fat is used hot wash, removes residual alkali, is neutral until fat, obtains animal oil and takes off phalanges mud, and wherein animal oil can be used for instant noodle seasoning bag, butter, perhaps prepares aliphatic acid etc.Degreasing bone mud is neutral with clear water through repeatedly washing, filter until bone mud again, drains away the water.
(5) heated-air drying
Remove moisture in the bone mud with air drier, the heated-air drying temperature is selected 85 ℃, and the time is 4 hours, makes moisture≤8%, and at this moment products therefrom is a bone tankage.
(6) ultra-fine grinding
Use ultrafine crusher, at normal temperatures bone tankage is taked to impact ultra-fine grinding and get defatted superfine fresh pork shoulder bone meal of the present invention.Because through defatting step, so ultra-fine grinding is simple and easy to do, and energy consumption is low, has reduced processing cost significantly, the per kilogram processing cost reduces by 50%～80% than low-temperature grinding after tested.
The defatted superfine pork shoulder bone meal color that the method for present embodiment makes be creamy white shape, free from extraneous odour, free from admixture, no gritty sense.Its nutritional labeling analysis result:
Moisture 3.8%, protein 31.2%, fat 1.32%, calcium 21.4%, phosphorus 10.18%, iron 57.8mg/kg, zinc 324mg/kg.
Remove and select 0.8% NaHCO for use
3Outside the solution degreasing, other technologies are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.
Embodiment 5 defatted superfine fresh pigs rod bone meal
Remove and select 1.6% NaHCO for use
3Outside the solution degreasing, other technologies are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.
Embodiment 6
The defatted superfine fresh pig rod bone meal of being produced in the embodiments of the invention 1 can add in meat products, cake, the flavouring, as Creta Preparata.
Embodiment 7
During the defatted superfine fresh pork shoulder bone meal of being produced in the embodiments of the invention 2 can add in the oil-in-water type frankfurter, as Creta Preparata.Add 1.0%～1.2% defatted superfine fresh Os Sus domestica powder in the oil-in-water type frankfurter, the content of frankfurter calcium is every hectogram 200mg～240mg.The high calcium sausage provides the fine food of replenishing the calcium for people.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of defatted superfine fresh bone meal is characterized in that being obtained by following step processing:
(1) cleans the animal bone;
(2) powerful broken bone;
(3) the broken bone mud that gets of fine powder;
(4) adopt chemical method or heating means to carry out degreasing, get degreasing bone mud;
(5) heated-air drying;
(6) ultra-fine grinding.
2, defatted superfine fresh bone meal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the broken twice grinding step that comprises of described step (3) fine powder: the gap of the first road bone mud mill rotor and stator is big, the gap of the second road bone mud mill rotor and stator is little, and it is even with mixing of materials to ice bits before grinding, the ice bits total amount of adding in the twice attrition process is 30%～40% of a bright bone weight, obtains granularity 80～120 purpose bone mud after fine powder is broken.
3, defatted superfine fresh bone meal as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described step (4) adopts the chemical method degreasing: with concentration is 0.4%～0.8%NaOH solution or 0.8%～1.6%NaHCO
3The broken bone mud of solution and step (3) fine powder mixes, and carries out degreasing under the stirring at room effect, mixing speed 60～90r/min, 6～10 hours time; Obtain fat and degreasing bone mud, degreasing bone mud is neutral with clear water through repeatedly washing, filter until bone mud again, drains away the water.
4, the arbitrary described defatted superfine fresh bone meal of claim 1-3 in cake, flavouring, oil-in-water type frankfurter as the application of Creta Preparata.
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| CNA2008100574547A CN101496610A (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2008-02-01 | Defatted superfine fresh bone meal and uses thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102805202A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-05 | 江南大学 | Method for degreasing meat and bone meal raw materials, and removing odor and improving quality of meat and bone meal raw materials |
| CN103005378A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国肉类食品综合研究中心 | Novel low-sodium salt substitute and preparation method thereof |
| CN103504326A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-01-15 | 夏华 | Ultrafining processing technology for fresh bones |
| CN105266128A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-01-27 | 徐州工程学院 | Mixed bacterium fermented livestock and poultry bone and meat paste production method |
| CN106579024A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Processing method for carrying out gradient micro-grinding to synchronously cook bone powder and bone paste |
| CN109362993A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-22 | 青岛农业大学 | A method of feed for pet is prepared using chicken bone |
-
2008
- 2008-02-01 CN CNA2008100574547A patent/CN101496610A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102805202A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-05 | 江南大学 | Method for degreasing meat and bone meal raw materials, and removing odor and improving quality of meat and bone meal raw materials |
| CN103005378A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国肉类食品综合研究中心 | Novel low-sodium salt substitute and preparation method thereof |
| CN103504326A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-01-15 | 夏华 | Ultrafining processing technology for fresh bones |
| CN105266128A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-01-27 | 徐州工程学院 | Mixed bacterium fermented livestock and poultry bone and meat paste production method |
| CN106579024A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Processing method for carrying out gradient micro-grinding to synchronously cook bone powder and bone paste |
| CN106579024B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2021-05-28 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Processing method for synchronously cooking bone powder and bone paste by gradient micro-pulverization |
| CN109362993A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-22 | 青岛农业大学 | A method of feed for pet is prepared using chicken bone |
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Application publication date: 20090805 |