CN101495004A - 带有冲击过滤段的发烟制品 - Google Patents

带有冲击过滤段的发烟制品 Download PDF

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CN101495004A
CN101495004A CNA2007800262962A CN200780026296A CN101495004A CN 101495004 A CN101495004 A CN 101495004A CN A2007800262962 A CNA2007800262962 A CN A2007800262962A CN 200780026296 A CN200780026296 A CN 200780026296A CN 101495004 A CN101495004 A CN 101495004A
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filter
plug section
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M·S·布劳恩施泰恩
R·W·德怀尔
李三
R·奥莱加里奥
G·约斯
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Philip Morris Products SA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
    • A24D3/045—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure with smoke acceleration means, e.g. impact-filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0275—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features
    • A24D3/0283—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features with means for a non-axial smoke flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/52—Incorporating filters or mouthpieces into a cigarette rod or a tobacco rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发烟制品10，其具有烟草材料21的柱形体20和连接至所述烟草材料的柱形体上的过滤系统。所述过滤系统包括由过滤材料构成的上游芯棒42、由过滤材料构成的下游芯棒46、以及位于由过滤材料构成的上游芯棒和由过滤材料构成的下游芯棒之间的腔体。流量限制部70设在腔体内并且具有至少一个孔口，一系列穿孔60为发烟制品提供了通气性。

Description

带有冲击过滤段的发烟制品
背景技术
依据标准测试程序(例如美国联邦贸易委员会(FTC)于1967年创建的标准测试程序)，通常根据焦油(无尼古丁的干燥粒相物质)的释放量对香烟进行分类。FTC方法包括以60秒钟的间隔、每次以35cm3的量持续2秒钟进行机器抽吸的喷烟。国际标准化组织(ISO)有着类似的吸烟规章。
在二十世纪九十年代，提出了其他吸烟规章，包括属于所谓严格吸烟条例之一的美国马萨诸塞州公共卫生部(MDPH)的吸烟规章。该MDPH方法包括机器以30秒种的间隔、每次以45cm3量持续2秒钟进行机器抽吸的喷烟，其中50％的香烟过滤通气孔洞被堵塞。
已经发现，当喷烟抽吸量、抽吸频率和/或喷烟持续时间增加和/或通气孔洞被全部或部分闭塞时，市场上的端部点燃香烟趋于产生比FTC更高的焦油释放量。例如，该趋势反映在FTC的焦油测量和MDPH的焦油测量的差异方面，其中MDPH的焦油测量代表了相对于前者更严格的抽吸规定。
附图说明
图1是呈香烟形式的发烟制品的透视图。
图2是图1的发烟制品的剖面图。
图3是图1中的发烟制品的剖面图，其中部分未包装有水松纸(tipping paper)。
图4是沿图2的4-4线的视图。
图5是图4的发烟制品的流量限制部(flow constrictor)的侧视图。
图6是另一个流量限制部和芯棒(plug)的示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图1和图2，香烟形式的发烟制品10通常包括由发烟材料21构成的烟丝条20，其包含在围绕的外包装物30内。外包装物30通常为多孔包装材料或纸质包装物。烟丝条20具有用于被点燃的端部12和嘴端部14(图2)。优选地，烟草材料21是烟丝(shredded tobacco)或烟草混合物(通常称为“去筋烟叶(cut filler)”)。然而，可使用任何合适的烟草材料21。
发烟制品10还包括过滤系统40，所述过滤系统40邻近烟丝条20的接装端部14以使过滤系统40和烟丝条20以端对端的关系轴向对准，优选地彼此抵接。过滤系统40具有大致柱体形状，且过滤系统40的直径基本等于烟丝条20的直径。过滤系统40的端部(即上游端部16(图2)和下游端部18)为开放式的(open)，以允许空气和烟贯穿通过。过滤系统40包括被芯棒包装物(plug wrap)48围绕的多个由过滤材料构成的芯棒42、46(图2)和流量限制部(flow constrictor)44(图2)。芯棒包装物48通常为纸，其可选地含有碳质材料。芯棒包装物48围绕过滤系统40的整个长度。
过滤系统40通过接装材料(tipping material)50连接至烟丝条20，所述接装材料50围绕过滤系统40的整个长度和烟丝条20的相邻区域。接装材料50通常为纸类产品；然而，可使用任何适合的材料。使用合适的粘合剂将接装材料50的内表面牢固地固定至芯棒包装物48的外表面和烟丝条20的外包装材料30的外表面上。通气的或空气稀释的发烟制品10可设有空气稀释装置，例如一系列通气孔洞或穿孔60，每一个所述孔洞或穿孔延伸穿过接装材料50且可选地穿过芯棒包装物48。如图1所示，通过在沿过滤系统40位置的周围沿周向的一排(图1)或多排通气孔洞或穿孔60可实现主流烟气的通气。在优选实施例中，对于更高香味(flavor)释放量的香烟以及低或超低香味释放量的香烟，总颗粒物质(TPM)和焦油产量的比率在MDPH和FTC/ISO方法之间相对恒定。
当点燃发烟制品10时，主流烟气由烟丝条20产生，且主流烟气自烟丝条20经由过滤系统40被抽吸。在此，以主流烟气自烟丝条20经由过滤系统40被抽吸时相对于主流烟气的方向来说明过滤系统40和其他特征之间的“上游”和“下游”相对位置。
图2示出了图1的根据带有流量限制部44的发烟制品10一个实施例的剖面图，该流量限制部44具有至少一个限制部构件70。如图2所示，过滤系统40包括由过滤材料构成的第一或上游芯棒42、流量限制部44以及由过滤材料构成的第二或下游芯棒46。流量限制部44包括限制部构件70，该限制部构件70具有至少一个孔口72(图4)，更优选地具有至少两个孔口72。
如图2所示，由过滤材料构成的上游芯棒42和由过滤材料构成的下游芯棒46具有大致柱体形状，且其外径52基本上等于烟丝条20的直径。过滤材料优选是醋酸纤维素(cellulose acetate)。然而，应该意识到的是，过滤材料可包括与活性碳(通常称为碳纤维束(carbon-on-tow))完全混合的醋酸纤维素、或任何其他适合的过滤材料和/或例如香料的添加剂。对于总长度58为大约80mm到160mm的发烟制品10而言，过滤系统40的总长度56通常为大约15mm到40mm。过滤系统40还包括在流量限制部44的下游侧上的多个通气孔洞或穿孔60。在使用时，香烟或发烟制品10将限制部构件70和下游通气孔结合到过滤系统40，通过使过滤效率随着流速或喷烟量的增加而提高，而使得总粒相物(TPM)和焦油产量(tar yield)之间的比率最小化。特别是，对于完全香味释放量的香烟和低或超低香味释放量的香烟而言，通过增加喷烟量来减小吸烟者所暴露于的TPM或焦油的范围而且使焦油(mg/香烟)MDPH/焦油(mg/香烟)FTC的比率更一致。另外，一般可观察到，香烟的第一次喷烟可释放出比同一支香烟的随后喷烟更多的香味(或可以感觉到释放出更多香味)。
图3示出了发烟制品10的另一实施例的剖面图，该发烟制品10具有流量限制构件70和上游芯棒42。过滤系统40的上游芯棒42可包括以过滤材料的碳纤维束芯棒形式与活性炭材料完全混合的醋酸纤维素元件。还应该意识到的是，由过滤材料构成的芯棒42和46可在腔体中含有活性碳，所述腔体设在由醋酸纤维素材料构成的上游芯棒42和下游芯棒46内或邻近由醋酸纤维素材料构成的上游芯棒42和下游芯棒46设置。替代地，由过滤材料构成的上游芯棒42和下游芯棒46可含有活性碳或其他气-汽相吸附剂。
在图3中，箭头标示出穿过流量限制部构件70的孔口的来自烟丝条的主流烟气的流动。主流烟气中的一些颗粒物质沉积在由过滤材料构成的下游芯棒46的端表面上。其他箭头表示通入空气穿过通气孔洞而进入过滤系统的流动。当主流烟气继续穿过由过滤材料构成的下游芯棒46时，通入空气进入下游芯棒46，主流烟气趋于朝向下游芯棒46的中心运动。
图4示出了沿图2和图3的4-4线的发烟制品10的流量限制部构件70。如图4所示，流量限制部构件70具有多个孔口72。流量限制部构件70的直径110优选为大约7.0mm到8.0mm，更优选为大约7.4mm到7.8mm。流量限制部构件70优选具有至少两个孔口72，每一个孔口72的直径112为大约0.2mm到0.8mm，更优选为大约0.3mm到0.6mm，最优选为大约0.4mm。流量限制部构件70可由纸、塑料、或金属制成，更优选由纸质品或其他具有生物降解性能的合适材料制成。流量限制部构件优选由泡沫纤维素(foamed cellulosic)或泡沫醋酸纤维素、或者任何可形成所需形状的流量限制部构件70的其他类型的纤维素材料或醋酸纤维素制成。纤维素材料可从烟草获得，例如从烟草梗(tobacco stem)获得纤维素材料。
图5示出了发烟制品10的限制部构件70的侧视图。如图5所示，限制部构件70的外部宽度114优选为大约2.0mm到6.0mm，更优选为大约3.0mm到5.0mm；限制部构件70的内部宽度115优选为大约1.0mm到3.0mm，更优选为大约1.5mm到2.25mm。空隙116(即外部宽度114与内部宽度115之差除以2)优选为大约1.5mm到2.25mm。由外部宽度114和内部宽度115之差所形成的空隙116形成了上游腔118和下游腔119。上游腔118设置在流量限制部44和由过滤材料构成的上游芯棒42之间，而下游腔119设置在流量限制部44和由过滤材料构成的下游芯棒46之间。可以改变尤其是流量限制部和下游过滤芯棒之间的间隔，以改变过滤系统去除颗粒材料的效率。同样地，主流烟气离开孔口和冲击下游过滤系统芯棒端面的速度影响过滤系统从主流烟气中去除颗粒材料的效率。通常，速度越高，则在所述下游过滤芯棒的端面处从主流烟气中去除的颗粒物质就越多。
流量限制部的环形部与下游过滤芯棒端面的间隔距离优选为大约1mm到5mm，更优选为大约1mm到3mm。
图6示意性地示出了朝向限制部构件70并穿过孔口72的主流烟气的流动。与主流烟气穿过烟丝条的速度相比，主流烟气穿过孔口导致主流烟气的速度显著增加。在主流烟气离开流量限制部构件70的孔口72时，主流烟气中的较大颗粒冲击下游芯棒46的端面，结果导致颗粒物质被收集在下游芯棒46的端面上，如在端面的外边缘周围的黑斑点所标示的。这些黑斑点直接对应于限制部构件70的孔口72周围的位置。
由过滤材料构成的上游芯棒42和由过滤材料构成的下游芯棒46具有大致柱体形状，且其外径52基本上等于烟丝条20的外径。过滤材料优选为醋酸纤维素材料。然而，过滤材料可以是碳纤维束或者任何其他合适的过滤材料。对于总长度为大约80mm到160mm的发烟制品10而言，过滤系统40的总长度通常为大约15mm到40mm。每一个过滤材料的芯棒42、46可具有的相同长度54，或者上游芯棒42和下游芯棒46可具有不同长度54。此外，由过滤材料构成的上游芯棒42和下游芯棒46的优选长度可取决于存在于过滤材料内的其他材料，例如活性炭或其他气-汽相吸附剂或添加材料。
如图6所示，流量限制部44包括限制部构件70，该限制部构件70具有多个孔口72，所述多个孔口72优选沿着限制部构件的周边等距离间隔开。优选地，限制部构件包括2个孔口，但可以具有例如4-12个孔口72及具有如所示出的8个孔口。然而，应该意识到的是，可以使用任意数量的孔口72。限制部构件中的孔口72的数量、以及它们的尺寸和位置取决于过滤系统40所需的吸阻(RTD)或压降以及颗粒效率(particulate efficiency)。孔口的直径优选为0.4mm到0.8mm。在使用时，香烟过滤系统的吸阻(RTD)优选为大约110mm水柱。
在一个实施例中，过滤芯棒42和46优选为低颗粒效率过滤段，其由每根丝8.0旦尼尔(denier)、总共为大约35,000旦尼尔的醋酸纤维素束构造而成。在一个实施例中，流量限制部构件包括环形间隔部，其限定了直径缩减的孔口(或流量限制部)。优选地，流量限制部还包括位于环形间隔部的上游和下游的管状部。该管状部与相邻的过滤段相距预定距离从而与环形间隔部间隔开，所述预定距离优选为大约1mm到6mm，更优选为大约1mm到3mm。另外，上游过滤段防止烟丝条的烟草堵塞流量限制部的环形部的孔口。
优选地，通气区域设有穿过水松纸16的一排通气孔洞。通气区域位于流量限制部的下游以使通过通气区域抽吸的空气在抵达嘴部(mouthpiece)之前可以与主流烟气混合。
优选地，通气区和流量限制部中的一个或多个孔洞实现了发烟制品的至少25％的通气水平，更优选为大约50％到90％的通气水平。
流量限制部优选具有端对端对称性，这易于高速制造过滤杆，因为不管过滤杆制造机是否首先定向流量限制部的一端还是反向定向，该部件都是一样。优选地，流量限制部的尺寸适合形成足够的压力降，以使发烟制品10呈现至少为70mm水柱或更高的吸阻，优选在90mm到120mm水柱的范围内，最优选为110mm水柱。优选地，流量限制部的直径为大约7.0mm到8.0mm，更优选为大约7.4mm到7.8mm，其中流量限制部优选具有一个孔口或者可选地具有至少一个孔口，所述孔口的直径大约为0.5mm到0.9mm，优选大约0.5mm到0.7mm。由于流量限制部的压力降取决于开口面积(open area)，因此也可采用多个孔口。例如，在一个优选实施例中，有两个直径均为0.5mm的孔口。
应该理解的是，前述说明的是优选实施例，因此其仅是本制品和制造该制品的方法的典型代表。应该意识到的是，对于本领域的技术人员而言，根据上述教导对不同实施例进行改变和修改是非常显而易见的。因此，在不脱离所附权利要求所述的制品和方法的精神和范围的情况下，可以获得示例性实施例以及替代实施例。

Claims (7)

1.一种发烟制品，包括：
烟丝条，其适于产生主流烟气；
过滤器，其具有上游端部分和下游端部分，所述过滤器设置成在所述上游端部分处接收主流烟气，所述过滤器包括：
在所述上游端部分处的上游过滤芯棒段；
在所述下游端部分处的下游过滤芯棒段；
流量限制段，其设置在与所述下游过滤芯棒段相邻的位置处，所述流量限制段适于将主流烟气以与穿过所述烟丝条的主流烟气的速度相比较高的速度导向所述下游过滤芯棒段的相邻区域，所述流量限制部包括至少一个开口，所述至少一个开口以至少1mm的间距与所述下游过滤芯棒段部的端面间隔开；以及
水松纸，其将所述过滤系统与所述烟丝条连接起来，而且其包括沿所述下游过滤芯棒段的位置处的允许空气通过的通气区域。
2.如权利要求1所述的发烟制品，其中，所述允许空气通过的通气区域包括一排穿孔，所述穿孔在所述通气区域处延伸穿过所述水松纸。
3.如权利要求2所述的发烟制品，其中，所述流量限制段包括管状部和环形部，所述环形部包括多个绕所述环形部在周向上设置的开口，所述环形部通过所述管状部与所述上游过滤芯棒段和所述下游过滤芯棒段间隔开，所述环形部与所述下游过滤芯棒段间隔开大约1mm到5mm。
4.一种用于发烟制品的过滤器，所述发烟制品包括适于产生主流烟气的烟丝条，所述过滤器包括上游端部分和下游端部分，所述过滤器设置成在所述上游端部分处接收所述主流烟气，所述过滤器还包括：
包括所述上游端部分的上游过滤芯棒段；
包括所述下游端部分的下游过滤芯棒段；
流量限制段，其设置在邻近所述下游过滤芯棒段的位置处，所述流量限制段适于将主流烟气以与穿过所述烟丝条的主流烟气的速度相比较高的速度导向所述下游过滤芯棒段的相邻区域，所述流量限制部包括至少一个开口，所述至少一个开口以至少1mm的间距与所述下游过滤芯棒段部的端面间隔开。
5.如权利要求4所述的过滤器，其中，所述流量限制段包括管状部和环形部，所述环形部包括多个绕所述环形部在周向上设置的开口。
6.如权利要求5所述的过滤器，其中，所述流量限制段包括多个孔口，所述多个孔口中的每一个的直径为大约0.2mm到0.6mm。
7.如权利要求6所述的过滤器，其中，所述上游过滤芯棒段和所述下游过滤芯棒段中的至少一个包括低旦尼尔的醋酸纤维素束。
CNA2007800262962A 2006-07-12 2007-07-12 带有冲击过滤段的发烟制品 Pending CN101495004A (zh)

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WO2008010095A2 (en) 2008-01-24
US8353298B2 (en) 2013-01-15
US20080017204A1 (en) 2008-01-24
KR20090037866A (ko) 2009-04-16
NO20090643L (no) 2009-03-06
AU2007274732A1 (en) 2008-01-24
JP2009542250A (ja) 2009-12-03
EP2043465A2 (en) 2009-04-08
CO6150101A2 (es) 2010-04-20
WO2008010095A3 (en) 2008-04-03
EA200970118A1 (ru) 2009-06-30

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