CN1014909B - Cleaning technique for steel product before film-plating - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cleaning technique for steel products before film plating, which is especially suitable for cleaning knife tools, moulds and the like before titanium nitride ion plating. A metal deoiling detergent using a surfactant as a main component, absolute alcohol and industrial ethyl acetate are used to replace expensive freon and high-toxicity trichloroethylene for deoiling cleaning and dewatering purifying. A metal activation detergent containing phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide is used for removing dirt. The present invention has the advantages of low investment of process devices, no toxic gas pollution, high cleaning quality, wide raw material source, low process cost, etc.

Description

Cleaning technique for steel product before film-plating

Before the present invention relates to the steel work plated film, the cleaning technique before the instrument ion film plating particularly.

Gas-phase deposition coating is the new technology that develops rapidly over past ten years, and especially superhard material films such as the plating titanium nitride on steel work such as cutter, mould surface, titanium carbide can improve its work-ing life greatly, and benefit is very remarkable.But, remaining any oil, the dirt of workpiece plating front surface all will obviously reduce this The application of new technique effect, desire obtains firm plated film, and thoroughly dirt settlings such as the grease of removing workpiece plating front surface, dirt, moisture all expose the plating piece body material neatly, simultaneously, in order to guarantee workpiece to be plated surface quality and size constancy, can not corrode its body material too much again, therefore, cleaning technique before the plated film, more generally plating, painted pre-treatment want much strict.Deoil in the steel work surface, all existing respectively multiple technologies scheme of decontamination and dehydration is used, but as before requiring extremely strict plated film, particularly deoiling before the instrument ion film plating, decontamination, a whole set of cleaning technique dewaters, how the prior art scheme that solves the individual event task is selected, improved and makes up, making it to reach best washing effect and minimum process cost, but is the work of a more complicated and difficulty.According to College of Mechanical Engineering of BJ Union University's machinery is newly organized " ion vapor deposited lecture " material introduction thermal treatment teaching and research room in July, 1986, U.S. multi sphere company (Multi-Arc Vacuum Sys-tems Inc.) is in the pre-treatment of instrument titanium-nitride, adopt fluorine Lyons deoil-liquid blasting decontamination-neutral soap lye adds ultrasonic cleaning-double fluorine Lyons dehydration, U.S. Vac Tee Sec company adopts twice trieline to clean in the pre-treatment of instrument titanium-nitride and deoils-alkaline cleaner adds supersonic wave decontamination-double water rinse-fluorine Lyons dehydration.The Japanese ULVAC cleaning product line that is used for titanium-nitride adopts trieline to add ultrasonic wave and deoils-and metal cleans and adds supersonic wave decontamination-water rinse-continuous four fluorine Lyons dehydration.Though the cleaning before these ion film platings can satisfy the plated film requirement, but purifying, dehydration all adopts expensive deleterious fluorine Lyons, deoil and clean or adopt fluorine Lyons, or adopt the bigger trieline of toxicity and be equipped with exhaust system, so just make not only that cleaning equipment investment and cleaning cost are very high, and use fluorine Lyons meeting havoc atmospheric ozone layer.

The objective of the invention is under the prerequisite of the washing effect that guarantees to meet or exceed prior art,, solve known technology and exist and pollute and the high problem of production cost by selecting inexpensive, effective, nontoxic industrial chemicals and technical process reasonable in design for use.

Cleaning technique of the present invention comprises desiring film-coating workpiece cleanings-decontamination (mainly being removal oxidation on metal surface thing or passive film) cleaning-dehydration of deoiling, before dehydration, carry out twice water rinse at least, and have at least in the cleaning in two steps and adopt ultrasonic wave, wherein, decontamination clean to be adopted and to be contained 0.5～2%(weight percent, down with) aqueous solution of phosphoric acid and 0.2～0.5% hydrogen peroxide i.e. " metal activation detergent "; Dehydration is adopted dehydrated alcohol and is removed the dehydrated alcohol remaining trace with industrial ethyl acetate.

High deleterious fluorine Lyons of valency and deleterious trieline have so just been got rid of fully.

Further details of the present invention is: deoil clean before, can adopt " metal deoil detergent " and/or its waste liquid to soak and be washed workpiece, to soak into and the adherent various greases of loose workpiece surface, for wash away grease is ready neatly; Deoil clean after, preferably carry out water rinse, float the detergent that workpiece surface stays, oily breast etc., the dirts such as oxide film of workpiece surface are all exposed, under go on foot decontamination and clean and create conditions; When decontamination was cleaned, adopting the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution that contains 0.5～2% phosphoric acid and 0.2～0.5% was that " metal activation detergent " embathes.Wherein, phosphoric acid is acid moderate.Both can react with dirt such as metal oxide and remove it, and can not corrode consumingly again and be washed the workpiece substrate material, hydrogen peroxide has dual function, both can promote the acid corrosion action of phosphoric acid to dirts such as metal oxides, can play reduction reaction with metal oxide again.Like this, acid etching and reduction synergy just can be removed the dirt of workpiece surface effectively and don't corrode the workpiece substrate material, make the workpiece substrate material be exposed to the surface well, are in very easily " activation " state with some material mortise.Carry out water rinse and dehydration, dealcoholysis then.Adopted the technical process of above invention details to be:

With " metal decontamination detergent " and/or its waste liquid soak workpiece-with " metal deoil detergent " clean (can apply ultrasonic wave)-water rinse-embathe-water rinse with " metal activation detergent "-with dehydrated alcohol dewater (can apply ultrasonic wave)-with industrial ethyl acetate removal dehydrated alcohol remaining trace.Workpiece is done or is volatilized naturally through clean wind and does after cleaning, and just can change plated film over to.

Utilize the present invention to carry out the preceding washing of plated film, particularly carry out the preceding washing of instrument ion film plating, remove objectionable impurities pollutions such as fluorine Lyons, processing unit is simple, raw material sources are extensive, and cleaning quality height, cost is low, adopt auger bit after technology of the present invention is cleaned through the copper sulfate reagent test, surperficial topped coppery is uniformity very, and this kind drill bit is behind plating titanium nitride, and the boring life-span is improved 0.5～1 times (in simultaneous test than the drill bit by U.S.'s multi sphere company equipment and technology cleaning and plated film to similarity condition down, the former can hole 433, and the latter only holes 213); Buy U.S.'s multi sphere company equipment and technology " software " and need 20～300,000 dollars, and main consumable material fluorine Lyons will rely on import, costs an arm and a leg, and is equipped with the processing unit of same cleansing power according to the present invention, only need 2～30,000 yuans, and the industrial chemicals that consumes easily purchase, inexpensive.

Actual process flow process of the present invention and working method are as follows:

Some amount is installed on the porous sieve shape stainless steel jig by the workpiece of washing, then: (I) immerse and to fill in the groove of " metal deoil detergent " or its waste liquid and soaked 1～4 hour,-change in-ultrasonic wave washing trough that fills same detergent, carried out ultrasonic cleaning 15～30 minutes-change over to fill respectively cold, rinsing in the groove of hot tap water, wherein in the hot water tank electricradiator is housed, heat water to 50～100 ℃-change over to soak in the groove that fills " metal activation detergent " 0.5～1 minute-change over to fill respectively cold, rinsing in the groove of hot distilled water, wherein the same step rinsing of hot water tank heating means and temperature range-changing in the ultrasonic wave washing groove that fills dehydrated alcohol dehydration clean 1～5 minute-change over to clean in the ultrasonic cleaner that fills industrial ethyl acetate 1～5 minute-take out workpiece and jig, do or volatilization is totally naturally with clean wind.Workpiece after the washing is the shove charge plated film directly, but also deoxygenation seal up for safekeeping treat after plated film.Above-mentioned " metal deoil detergent " can be made up of following compositions: alkylol amide 12%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 10%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 15%, trihydroxy ethylamine oleate soap 43%, all the other are water, for strengthening cleaning performance, also can add small amounts of phosphoric acid trisodium, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP etc.More than outside each step heat extraction water rinse, all at room temperature carry out.

Adopt the used Ultrasonic Cleaners specification of technical process of the present invention and each washing trough volume, can determine according to once cleaning number of packages and single-piece size.For example once clean 200 on diameter drill bit below 6 millimeters, then the ultrasonic cleaning acc power is optional about 500 watts, about 0.03 cubic metre of washing trough volume, and the material of groove is stainless steel or anti-corrosion plastics, for alleviating manipulation strength, each can install electronic suspension delivery system above the groove.In continuous production, the replacing of each trough washery liquid can be by observing cleaning performance and detecting effective constituent, proportion and/or pH value and determine that the product surface greasy dirt will directly influence the wash number of the new liquid of every groove.

Claims (3)

1, before the steel work plated film, the cleaning technique before the instrument ion film plating particularly, comprise the cleaning of deoiling-decontamination cleaning-dehydration, before dehydration, carry out twice water rinse at least, and had at least for two steps adopted ultrasonic wave in cleaning, wherein, decontamination clean to be adopted and to be contained 0.5～2% (aqueous solution of weight percent phosphoric acid and 0.2～0.5% (weight) hydrogen peroxide i.e. " metal activation detergent "; Dehydration is adopted dehydrated alcohol and is removed the dehydrated alcohol remaining trace with industrial ethyl acetate.

2, cleaning technique as claimed in claim 1 wherein deoils clean to adopt with deoil clean-out system or its waste liquid of metal workpiece is soaked the method for cleaning again earlier.

3, as claim 1,2 described cleaning techniques, wherein water rinse adopts 50～100 ℃ of hot water rinsings at least once.