CN101486607B - Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer with straw pulping black liquor as raw material by ammonium sulfite process and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer with straw pulping black liquor as raw material by ammonium sulfite process and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101486607B CN101486607B CN2008100138497A CN200810013849A CN101486607B CN 101486607 B CN101486607 B CN 101486607B CN 2008100138497 A CN2008100138497 A CN 2008100138497A CN 200810013849 A CN200810013849 A CN 200810013849A CN 101486607 B CN101486607 B CN 101486607B
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- humic acid
- acid water
- water flush
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 73
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 60
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 title description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract 4
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019025 Hypokalemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000035199 Tetraploidy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M microcosmic salt Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000007645 potassium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fulvic acid flushing fertilizer prepared from ammonium sulfite straw pulp black liquid and a preparation method thereof. The fulvic acid flushing fertilizer is mainly prepared by adding a soluble macro-element fertilizer into the ammonium sulfite straw pulp black liquid. The fulvic acid flushing fertilizer applied into soil can balance the absorption of crops to nitrogen, phosphor and potassium, improve the soil and the crop quality, enhance the crop resistability, promote the earlier ripeness of the crops, and improve the yield of the crops. The fulvic acid flushing fertilizer is a highly effective organic fertilizer suitable for field crops and economic crops.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method is Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of raw material and preparation method thereof, belongs to straw pulp black liquor and administers the field.
Background technology
More than 80% grass fiber in China's paper industry raw material.Grass fiber papermaking mainly contains two kinds, alkaline process and sulfite pulping, in the sulphite process again based on ammonium salt process.Pulping with ammonium sulfite method is with the lignin effect in ammonium sulphite and the plant fiber material, generates easily molten Sulfite lignin and stripping, to reach the purpose of separated fiber.
Pulping with ammonium sulfite method produces a large amount of black liquor, and the composition of its black liquor also contains element and other organic matters such as ammonium nitrogen, sugar and K, P, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn and B except ammonium lignin sulfonate.Its CODcr is generally more than 120000mg/L.
As seen, contain the nutritive substance of effect such as abundant organic matter needs in the straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method, so can be used as the raw material of various fertilizer.At present to the utilization of ammonium salt process black liquor except it is prepared the solid-state fertilizer through a series of processing, mainly be with it directly as liquid fertile, draw to the field or by pipeline with the container accumulating and to be poured into the field and directly to apply fertilizer.But directly use straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method, can produce some during improper use the deleterious reducing substances of crop; This fertilizer moisture content height simultaneously, effective constituent is low, the transportation cost height.
The present invention has overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, add the solubility macroelement fertilizer in the employing straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method and prepare Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, increased effective constituent, add the elementary composition that compositions such as extra nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium can balanced feritilizer, the technology of balance fertilizing is implemented among fertilizer formula, can evaporate raw black liquid simultaneously, some deleterious materials also can obtain degraded in the evaporating course.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method is the Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of raw material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
A kind of straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method provided by the invention is the Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of raw material, it is characterized in that, comprise straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method and solubility macroelement fertilizer, described solubility macroelement fertilizer is one or more of solubility nitrogenous fertilizer, soluble phosphoric manure and solubility potash fertilizer; Be preferably solubility nitrogenous fertilizer and solubility potash fertilizer, described straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method solid content is 4-65%, and degree Beaume is 2-40;
The weight percent of each component is:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 20-98%
Solubility macroelement fertilizer 2-80%.
The weight percent of preferred each component is:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 50-90%
Solubility macroelement fertilizer 10-50%.
Wherein, the pH of above-mentioned Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 6-10.
Described straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method is unconcentrated straw pulp black liquor, and solid content is 4-15%, and degree Beaume is 2-9, and pH is 7-10.
Described straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method is the straw pulp black liquor after concentrating, and solid content is 15.1-65%, and degree Beaume is 9-40, and preferred solid content is 30-50%, and degree Beaume is 17-31, more preferably solid content 40-47, degree Beaume 25-29.
The combination of one or more that described solubility nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, primary ammonium phosphate or Secondary ammonium phosphate, preferred urea, its weight percent content at Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 2-60%, is preferably 2-30%; Described soluble phosphoric manure is one or more combination of primary ammonium phosphate, Secondary ammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, the preferably phosphoric acid ammonium dihydrogen, and its weight percent content at Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 2-60%, is preferably 2-30%; The combination of one or more that described solubility potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, preferred Repone K, its weight percent content at Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 2-50%, is preferably 2-30%.
The xanthohumic acid weight percent content is 1-40% in the above-mentioned Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, can also comprise that weight percent content is that the nitrogen of 3-25% and/or weight percent are with P
2O
5Count the phosphorus of 3-25% and/or weight percent with K
2O counts the potassium of 3-25%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is that in solubility macroelement fertilizer adding straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method, stirring promptly gets Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Below the present invention is launched to describe in detail:
A kind of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer provided by the invention gets for add the solubility macroelement fertilizer in straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method, and the weight percent of each component is:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 20-98%
Solubility macroelement fertilizer 2-80%.
In order to reduce cost and to increase content organic in the fertilizer, can reduce the add-on of solubility macroelement fertilizer, so the weight percent of preferred each component is:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 50-90%
Solubility macroelement fertilizer 10-50%.
Wherein, straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method can be for directly from the straw pulp black liquor of wash hollander, without concentrated excessively, and its degree Beaume 2-9, solid content=4-15%, pH value 7-10; But because the fertilizer moisture content height that obtains this moment, effective constituent is low, the transportation cost height, and therefore preferably with the straw pulp black liquor evaporation concentration, the straw pulp black liquor after obtaining earlier concentrating adds solubility nitrogenous fertilizer and soluble potassium salt then therein.Straw pulp black liquor solid content after concentrating is 15.1-65%, degree Beaume is 9-40, but consider the mobile relatively poor of black liquor when solid content is too high, the influence of factors such as the energy that need expend is excessive, preferred solid content is 30-50%, degree Beaume is 17-31, more preferably solid content 40-47, degree Beaume 25-29.Owing to there is NH during evaporation concentration
3Volatilization, so the more original black liquor pH of the black liquor of evaporation concentration descends to some extent, in general, the pH of the Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of gained is 6-10.
With the straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method evaporation concentration, preferably use multiple-effect evaporation technology, this is because multiple-effect evaporation technology is thermal source with steam, every steam can be taken away pause moisture in the black liquor of 3-5, the efficient height, and utilize save energy.But along with the increase of multiple-effect evaporator effect number, the unit steam consumption reduces gradually, therefore takes all factors into consideration, and preferably uses five to imitate evaporation technologies.
Below five of the concentrated back straw pulp black liquor of the most preferred solid content 40-47 of the present invention, degree Beaume 25-29 being imitated evaporation technologies introduces in detail:
In order to make full use of the heat of black liquor self, improve the heat energy utilization rate, reduce cost, straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method can be carried out flash distillation earlier before entering five effect evaporations, preferably carry out 2 flash distillations continuously.Flash distillation makes straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method produce small amount of steam, and the III after the steam of 2 flash tanks feeds respectively in the step is imitated and the IV single-effect evaporator, can utilize the heat of straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method self.
The temperature that straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method flows into flash tank is 60-80 ℃, and after 2 step flash distillations, temperature variation is little, and solid content does not have considerable change, carries out five then and imitates evaporation.
The used equipment of five effect evaporations is quintuple effect evaporator, in the quintuple effect evaporator each is imitated and is divided into three parts usually, topmost is a distribution plate, effect is that black liquor evenly distribute that recycle pump is drawn up is in each pipe, the centre is an air chamber, is the heat exchange area of steam and black liquor, and this regional evapotranspiration of black liquor concentrates, foot is a liquid chamber, and the black liquor after the evaporation concentration flows into this position.
Generally speaking, material in the quintuple effect evaporator can be divided into gas phase and liquid phase two portions, and liquid phase is a black liquor, and gas phase is a steam, straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method flows into the V single-effect evaporator, concentrated by steam heating, enter the IV single-effect evaporator, concentrated by the steam heating of imitating from III from the IV single-effect evaporator, enter low half concentrated black liquid groove, become low half concentrated black liquid, solid content is 20-25%, and degree Beaume is 11-14.
Low half concentrated black liquid enters II single-effect evaporator and I single-effect evaporator then successively, is heated by steam to enter half concentrated black liquid groove after concentrating, and becomes half concentrated black liquid, and solid content is 30-35%, and degree Beaume is 18-21.
Half concentrated black liquid enters the II effect again successively and I is imitated the black liquor groove, is heated by steam to concentrate promptly to become concentrated black liquid, flows into the concentrated black liquid groove.
The concentrated black liquid solid content is 40-47%, and degree Beaume is 25-29.
In quintuple effect evaporator, gas phase is that the flow direction of steam is just opposite, and purpose is to increase the temperature head between gas phase and liquid phase, improves heat exchanger effectiveness.Wherein, the initial vapor temperature of coming out from vapour generator is 200-210 ℃, pressure=0.8-1MPa, drop to 0.2-0.4MPa, about 140 ℃ through reducing valve, feeding I imitates, the steam of this moment is cleaning steam, after the black liquor of imitating with I carries out heat exchange, become the cleaning water of condensation, the temperature of cleaning water of condensation is 105 ℃-120 ℃, in order to make full use of its heat, it is passed through a flash tank, the steam of flash distillation feeds the II single-effect evaporator, and the cleaning water of condensation of discharge can be used for the pulp washing of pulping process.
The steam of the black liquor vaporizing that I is imitated enters II and imitates, as the heating steam that II is imitated, same, the evaporated vapor that the steam of the black liquor vaporizing that II is imitated is imitated as III, and the like, the steam of II, III, IV, V black liquor vaporizing is dirty steam, because of it is that last effect boiling black liquor produces, after itself and this effect black liquor carries out heat exchange, promptly form foul condensate, the foul condensate that II, III, IV, V are imitated finally is summarised in together, and COD flows to sewage work and handles about 1500mg/L.
The temperature of black liquor is followed successively by in above-mentioned each effect:
100-120 ℃ of I effect, 90-100 ℃ of II effect, 80-90 ℃ of III effect, 70-80 ℃ of IV effect, V are imitated 57-65 ℃;
Each is imitated black liquid wave hairdressing and is respectively:
Each is imitated black liquid wave hairdressing and is respectively:
V is imitated 5-9, IV and is imitated 9-12, III effect 11-14; During for the first time through II effect and I effect, II is imitated 14-17, I and is imitated 18-21; During for the second time through II effect and I effect, II is imitated 23-25, I and is imitated 25-29.
Each pressure of imitating is:
I effect 20-38kPa, II effect-19～0kPa, III effect-58～-40kPa, IV effect-73～-60kPa, V effect-84～-79kPa, all pressure all are relative pressure in the literary composition, relative normal atmosphere.
Each heat exchange area of imitating can be decided on the designing treatment ability, with the designing treatment ability: and 70 tons/h of vaporize water, handle 2000m every day
3Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method; Logical quantity of steam is 17.5 tons/h under the normal load, and the heat exchange area of every effect is: I is imitated 1600m
2, II imitates 1200m
2, III imitates, IV is imitated, V is imitated all is 900m
2
In addition, in design,, often need N in each single-effect evaporator in order to improve heat exchanger effectiveness
2Remove Deng non-condensable gases, this can realize at air chamber and vacuum pipe junction throttling orifice plate being arranged by connect a vacuum pump at the air chamber place, only allow non-condensable gases to pass through, and water vapour can't pass through.
Nutrient in the straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method is also unbalanced, therefore, needs to add the purpose that the solubility macroelement fertilizer reaches balance fertilizing.The solubility macroelement fertilizer is one or more of solubility nitrogenous fertilizer, soluble phosphoric manure and solubility potash fertilizer, this be because:
In the straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method, C/N is bigger, if directly be manured into soil, microbial decomposition is very slow, and to consume available state nitrogen in the soil, therefore can add solubility nitrogenous fertilizer to adjust the C/N ratio, added solubility nitrogenous fertilizer is 2-60% at the weight percent content of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, is preferably 2-30%.Solubility nitrogenous fertilizer is one or both of urea or solubility ammonium salt, the solubility ammonium salt is one or more combination of ammonium sulfate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium chloride, primary ammonium phosphate or Secondary ammonium phosphate, but because the content of N is the highest in the urea, and sulphate-containing ion and chlorion etc. may not cause the ion that soil disease reacts, therefore preferred urea.
Phosphate fertilizer, can increase crop yield, improve product quality, can also improve crop drought resistance, cold-resistant and anti-resistance such as saline and alkaline, therefore, mix to concentrate in the straw pulp black liquor in alkaline process and ammonium salt process and can add soluble phosphoric manure, soluble phosphoric manure is one or more combination of primary ammonium phosphate, Secondary ammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, the preferably phosphoric acid ammonium dihydrogen, added soluble phosphoric manure is 2-60% at the weight percent content of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, is preferably 2-30%.
In addition, because present general potassium deficiency in the soil, therefore, also can mix to concentrate and add solubility potash fertilizer in the straw pulp black liquor in alkaline process and ammonium salt process, to add solubility potash fertilizer be 2-50% at the weight percent content of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, be preferably 2-30%.Solubility potash fertilizer is one or more combination of vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, preferred Repone K or vitriolate of tartar.Potassium can promote photosynthesis, improve absorption and the utilization of plant to nitrogen significantly, and is converted into protein very soon.Potassium can also promote the plant water for economy, helps the resistance of crop.
Simultaneously, because it is less to lack the P situation in the present soil, therefore can not add microcosmic salt.Respectively add the component except above-mentioned, can also add the inorganic salt and the trace elements such as iron, copper, boron, zinc or magnesium of other kind according to practical situation.
Make Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to above-mentioned prescription and method, the xanthohumic acid weight percent is 1-40%, can comprise that also weight percent content is the nitrogen of 3-25%, and/or weight percent is with P
2O
5Count the phosphorus of 3-25% and/or weight percent with K
2O counts the potassium of 3-25%, and fertilizer efficiency is remarkable.Wherein xanthohumic acid comes from spissated black liquor, this is because primary xanthohumic acid, by plant residue under the condition that air and moisture content exist, experienced very long natural process, decomposed and form through part. by investigation with analyze, at high temperature, add the process of depressing cooking plant fiber, be equivalent to quicken original natural process, except main generation supplies the paper pulp fiber of paper grade (stock), in its raffinate, also contain a considerable number of xanthohumic acid.
Xanthohumic acid contains the various active group and to the physiologically active substance of plant, is the less macromolecular organic compound of molecular weight, and acidic-group is many, and perviousness is strong, can be dissolved in acid, alkali and water, easily by plant absorbing.It is used in agriculture production widely as non-harmful organic substance, shows as the drought resisting, the cold tolerance that improve farm crop on practical application effect, strengthen the resistance against diseases of crop, stimulate the growth of crop, thereby improve the output of crop, improve the quality of crop.
Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of the present invention, with respect to prior art by black liquor make liquid fertile, have the following advantage that has:
1, adds the elementary composition of composition balanced feritilizers such as extra nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the technology of balance fertilizing is implemented among fertilizer formula
2, nutrient was absorbed easily after Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of the present invention was used, be difficult for by soil fixing, and the soil that do not harden, toxicological harmless is residual; Use conveniently, save labor; Nutritive ingredient is many and comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is fast, helps crop yield.In plant growth vigorous season, avoided common fertilizer topdress fertilizer nutrient discharge transform slow, fertilizer efficiency is slow, the shortcoming that influences crop yield and quality.
3, can make part objectionable impurities degraded in the straw pulp black liquor in the evaporating concentration process, avoid harm crop.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 2, solid content=4%, pH value 7; Add primary ammonium phosphate therein, promptly get Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 98%
Primary ammonium phosphate 2%,
The weight percent content of nitrogen is 3% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, and the weight percent of phosphorus is with P
2O
5Count 3%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 1%.
Embodiment 2
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 9, solid content=15%, pH value 10; Add Secondary ammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar therein, promptly get Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 20%
Secondary ammonium phosphate 60%
Vitriolate of tartar 20%;
The weight percent content of nitrogen is 25% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, and the weight percent of phosphorus is with P
2O
5Count 25%, the weight percent of potassium is with K
2O counts 3%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 7%.
Embodiment 3
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 5, solid content=9%, pH value 8; To solid content 15.1%, degree Beaume is 9 with its evaporation concentration; Straw pulp black liquor after obtaining concentrating adds urea, ammonium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate and Repone K then, promptly gets Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor 30% after concentrating
Urea 30%
Ammonium sulfate 8%
Primary ammonium phosphate 30%
Repone K 2%
The weight percent content of nitrogen is 20% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, and the weight percent of phosphorus is with P
2O
5Count 10%, the weight percent of potassium is with K
2O counts 3%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 8%.
Embodiment 4
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 5, solid content=10, pH value 9; It is carried out evaporation concentration to solid content 65%, and degree Beaume is 40; Straw pulp black liquor after obtaining concentrating adds potassium primary phosphate then, promptly gets Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor 50% after concentrating
Potassium primary phosphate 50%;
The weight percent of potassium is with K in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer
2O counts 25%, and the weight percent of phosphorus is with P
2O
5Count 25%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 30%.
Embodiment 5
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 7, solid content=13%, pH value 8; It is imitated evaporation concentration to solid content 30% with five, and degree Beaume is 25; Straw pulp black liquor after promptly obtaining concentrating; Add primary ammonium phosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia, Repone K and vitriolate of tartar then, promptly get Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor 60% after concentrating
Primary ammonium phosphate 20%
Bicarbonate of ammonia, 10%,
Repone K 2%;
Vitriolate of tartar 8%;
The weight percent content of nitrogen is 14% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, and the weight percent of phosphorus is with P
2O
5Count 8%, the weight percent of potassium is with K
2O counts 6%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 15%.
Embodiment 6
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 8, solid content=14%, pH value 7; It is imitated evaporation concentration to solid content 50% with five, and degree Beaume is 29; Straw pulp black liquor after promptly obtaining concentrating adds urea, primary ammonium phosphate and Repone K then, promptly gets Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor 80% after concentrating
Urea 7%,
Primary ammonium phosphate 8%
Repone K 5%;
The weight percent content of nitrogen is 10% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, and the weight percent of phosphorus is with P
2O
5Count 4%, the weight percent of potassium is with K
2O counts 6%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 40%.
Embodiment 7
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 4, solid content=6%, pH value 8; With its five effects evaporation,
The concrete technology of five effect evaporations is as follows:
Each imitates pressure: I is imitated 20kPa, and II effect-19kPa, III are imitated-58 kPa, IV effect-73kPa, V effect-84kPa;
Each imitates black liquor temperature: 100 ℃ of I effects, 90 ℃ of II effects, 80 ℃ of III effects, 70 ℃ of IV effects, V are imitated 57 ℃
: each is imitated black liquid wave hairdressing and is respectively: V effect 5, IV effect 9, III imitate 11; During for the first time through II effect and I effect, II effect 14, I imitate 18; During for the second time through II effect and I effect, II effect 23, I imitate 25.
Straw pulp black liquor after promptly obtaining concentrating, solid content 40%, degree Beaume are 25; Add urea and Repone K then, promptly get Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor 70% after concentrating
Urea 10%,
Repone K 20%;
The weight percent content of nitrogen is 14% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, and the weight percent of potassium is with K
2O counts 6%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 26%.
Embodiment 8
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method degree Beaume 4, solid content=6%, pH value 8; With it
With its five effects evaporation,
The concrete technology of five effect evaporations is as follows:
Each imitates pressure: I is imitated 38kPa, and II is imitated 0kPa, III effect-40kPa, IV effect-60kPa, V effect-79kPa;
Each imitates black liquor temperature:
120 ℃ of I effects, 100 ℃ of II effects, 90 ℃ of III effects, 80 ℃ of IV effects, V are imitated 65 ℃
Each is imitated black liquid wave hairdressing and is respectively:
V effect 9, IV effect 12, III imitate 14; During for the first time through II effect and I effect, II effect 17, I imitate 21; During for the second time through II effect and I effect, II effect 25, I imitate 29.
Straw pulp black liquor after promptly obtaining concentrating, solid content 47%, degree Beaume are 29, add urea and Repone K then, promptly get Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
Wherein, each component weight percent content is respectively:
Straw pulp black liquor 90% after concentrating
Urea 6%,
Repone K 4%;
The weight percent content of nitrogen is 4% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer, and the weight percent of potassium is with K
2O counts 3%, xanthohumic acid weight percent 30%.
Experimental example 1
This experimental example is the manure trial of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of the present invention on green vegetables.
Test is carried out in the farmland, and experimental cultivar is the tetraploid SUZHOUQING, and the farmland is divided into a plurality of sub-districts, and each sub-district is 20m
2, blank group is for being left intact, and control group was used " heart is in fact " organic fertilization fertilizer I number (total nutrient 〉=4%, organic 〉=20%, the real fertilizer of Jiangsu heart company limited) 600kg/hm in back 10 days for plantation
2Dash and to execute, other is for using embodiment of the invention group, the same control group of consumption, and be the 70th day collection period.
The result is as shown in table 1:
The green vegetables proterties and the output of table 1 different treatment
| Handle | Plant height cm | The number of blade | Leaf gross weight g | The blade glossiness | Sub-district mean yield kg |
| Blank group control group embodiment 1 embodiment 4 embodiment 6 | 17.62 19.02 19.80 20.12 20.09 | 13.8 14.2 15.0 15.8 15.9 | 67.8 71.9 74.8 78.2 77.9 | General better carefully | 42.58 45.60 48.26 51.68 51.23 |
Experimental example 2
This experimental example is the manure trial of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of the present invention on cucumber
Test is carried out in agricultural booth, and experimental cultivar is excellent No. 3 of capital, and the farmland is divided into a plurality of sub-districts, and each sub-district is 20m
2, blank group is for being left intact, and other is for using embodiment of the invention group, and consumption is 600kg/hm
2, when time of application is cucumber plant height 90-100cm.
Test-results such as table 2
The cucumber proterties and the output of table 2 different treatment
| Handle | Plant height cm | The big fruit number of 5 strains (＞20cm) | Diseased plant rate % | Output (kg/667m 2) |
| Blank group embodiment 2 embodiment 7 | 123.0 142.8 145.6 | 0.6 3.6 4.0 | 14.6 5.8 4.6 | 2586.3 3321.6 3403.8 |
Therefore Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer nutrient of the present invention equilibrium is used the back nutrient and is absorbed easily, be difficult for by soil fixing, and the soil that do not harden, toxicological harmless is residual; Use conveniently, save labor; Nutritive ingredient is many and comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is fast, helps crop yield.In plant growth vigorous season, avoided common fertilizer topdress fertilizer nutrient discharge transform slow, fertilizer efficiency is slow, the shortcoming that influences crop yield and quality.
Claims (13)
1. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer that straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method is a raw material, it is characterized in that, described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is made up of straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method and solubility macroelement fertilizer, and described solubility macroelement fertilizer is one or more of solubility nitrogenous fertilizer, soluble phosphoric manure and solubility potash fertilizer; Described straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method is the straw pulp black liquor after concentrating, solid content 40-47%, degree Beaume 25-29; Described concentrated employing five is imitated evaporation technology and is concentrated, wherein unconcentrated straw pulp black liquor carries out flash distillation earlier, enter five again and imitate evaporation, black liquor flows to imitating, after IV is imitated, III is imitated, II is imitated, I imitates heating evaporation, imitate through II successively and I effect heating evaporation again through V successively;
The weight percent of each component is:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 20-98%
Solubility macroelement fertilizer 2-80%.
2. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight percent of each component is in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer:
Straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method 50-90%
Solubility macroelement fertilizer 10-50%.
3. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the pH of described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 6-10.
4. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described solubility macroelement fertilizer is solubility nitrogenous fertilizer and solubility potash fertilizer.
5. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the combination of one or more that described solubility nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, primary ammonium phosphate or Secondary ammonium phosphate, its weight percent content at Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 2-60%.
6. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described solubility nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and solubility nitrogenous fertilizer is 2-30% at the weight percent content of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
7. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described soluble phosphoric manure is one or more combination of primary ammonium phosphate, Secondary ammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and its weight percent content at Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 2-60%.
8. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described soluble phosphoric manure is a primary ammonium phosphate, and soluble phosphoric manure is 2-30% at the weight percent content of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
9. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the combination of one or more that described solubility potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, its weight percent content at Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer is 2-50%.
10. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described solubility potash fertilizer is Repone K, and solubility potash fertilizer is 2-30% at the weight percent content of Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
11. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the xanthohumic acid weight percent content is 1-40% in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
12. Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, comprises also in the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer that weight percent content is that the nitrogen of 3-25% and/or weight percent are with P
2O
5Count the phosphorus of 3-25% and/or weight percent with K
2O counts the potassium of 3-25%.
13. the preparation method of the described Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer of claim 1 is characterized in that, the solubility macroelement fertilizer is added in the straw pulp black liquor by ammonium sulfite method, stirs, and promptly gets Yellow humic acid water flush fertilizer.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2107945A1 (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1997-12-01 | Turol Trading S L | Use of black liquor from the manufacture of paper pulp in the production of solid and liquid organic soil improvers for agricultural soils |
| CN1844055A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2006-10-11 | 山东泉林纸业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing poplar nutritious injection liquid by straw pulp black liquor |
-
2008
- 2008-01-16 CN CN2008100138497A patent/CN101486607B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2107945A1 (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1997-12-01 | Turol Trading S L | Use of black liquor from the manufacture of paper pulp in the production of solid and liquid organic soil improvers for agricultural soils |
| CN1844055A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2006-10-11 | 山东泉林纸业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing poplar nutritious injection liquid by straw pulp black liquor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李继明，李真理，王红果.亚硫酸盐麦草制浆黑液资源化利用技术应用.《科技信息(科学教研)》.2007,(第26期),342-344. * |
| 王占军,盘爱享,周浩等.亚铵法麦草浆黑液的回收与污染治理新技术的研究.《环境污染治理技术与设备》.2004,第5卷(第9期),86-89. * |
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