CN101486255A - 用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置 - Google Patents

用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置 Download PDF

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CN101486255A
CN101486255A CN 200810059292 CN200810059292A CN101486255A CN 101486255 A CN101486255 A CN 101486255A CN 200810059292 CN200810059292 CN 200810059292 CN 200810059292 A CN200810059292 A CN 200810059292A CN 101486255 A CN101486255 A CN 101486255A
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welding
lens
working head
adjustable focus
focusing lens
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CN101486255B (zh
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谭威
俞国麟
武松
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Ningbo Well Laser Technology Co., Ltd.
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俞国麟
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B29C65/1638—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding focusing the laser beam on the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83441—Ball types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B29C66/8362—Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1687—Laser beams making use of light guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置，包括焊接工作头(1)、可调焦机构和激光器(9)，其特征在于：所述可调焦机构设置于焊接工作头(1)内，所述焊接工作头(1)通过光纤(2)与激光器(9)相连接，焊接工作头(1)下端部设置有可滚动的球形聚焦透镜(7)，焊接工作头(1)通过管道(5)去连接在吹气和塑料件的反作用力的作用下能使球形聚焦透镜(7)处于悬浮状态的吹气装置，在可调聚机构和工作头(1)进风口之间设置有密封的全透明的挡风镜(6)，且球形聚焦透镜(7)的直径必须大于工作头(1)出光口的直径。与现有技术相比，本发明采用球形滚动焊接，其优点在于能生成精密、牢固和密封的焊接；极大地减小了制品的振动应力和热应力，比传统焊接更精确美观；在焊接过程中树脂降解少、产生碎屑少。

Description

用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种激光焊接技术领域，尤其指一种用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置，能够实现简单或复杂塑料工件的加工。
背景技术
随着我国工业经济的发展，原先许多传统使用金属的零部件逐渐被塑料所代替，这些领域所使用的塑料材料不仅要求数量大，而且使用种类多，科技含量高，是塑料制品加工业中能获得高经济效益的最佳领域。因此，在塑料制品的加工过程中人们渴望一种更加快速、有效、干净的塑料焊接方式。由于材料和设备方面的进步，使激光焊接技术作为一种连接塑料制品的专门方法，得到了生产厂家的认可，主要用于连接敏感性塑料制品(含有线路板)、具有复杂几何形状的塑料件以及有严格洁净要求的塑料制品(医药设备)等等。
传统的激光塑料焊接的方法一般有两种：点焊接；扫描焊接。点焊接，即在工件的不同位置进行激光点焊，激光束光斑大小即为焊接区域大小。在实际的生产中，点焊接的速度较慢、效率较低，不适合批量的工件加工；点焊接工件不能保证有足够的焊接强度；对于焊接线较长的工件，点焊接无法加工。扫描焊接，即一束激光透射到待焊接工件，然后激光束沿着待焊接区域的轮廓扫描一周，从而完成焊接。由于扫描焊接是让激光束沿着焊接线扫描一周才能完成，对于焊接线较长的工件，焊接速度就比较慢，而且先连接起来的一部分焊接线会由于塑料的热胀冷缩而影响到后面一部分焊接线的质量，从而影响到整个焊接线的质量、均匀性和强度。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术现状而提供一种焊接精密、牢固且能焊接二维或三维复杂外形制品的用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：该用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置，包括焊接工作头、可调焦机构和激光器，其特征在于：所述可调焦机构设置于焊接工作头内，所述焊接工作头通过光纤与激光器相连接，焊接工作头下端部设置有可滚动的球形聚焦透镜，焊接工作头通过管道去连接在吹气和塑料件的反作用力的作用下能使球形聚焦透镜处于悬浮状态的吹气装置，在可调聚机构和工作头进风口之间设置有密封的全透明的挡风镜，且球形聚焦透镜的直径必须大于工作头出光口的直径。
作为改进，所述可调焦机构包括凸透镜和可调聚焦透镜，在工作头内的直线上依次排列着相互配合的凸透镜、可调聚焦透镜、球形聚焦透镜，且可调聚焦透镜可移动地与位于焊接工作头外的调节装置相连接。
作为进一步改进，所述调节装置包括有带有内螺纹的夹具和螺杆，可调聚焦透镜的一端被夹置于夹具中，夹具的一端与螺杆相适配而连接在一起，螺杆设置在调节盒上。
再改进，所述激光器其功率选择为20W-150W，其发射的波长选择为800～1064nm。
再改进，所述工作头下端可设计呈锥体状。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用球形滚动焊接，激光束(波长为800～1064nm)经由气垫式，可无摩擦任意滚动的玻璃球点状式的聚焦于焊接截面，沿着产品的轮廓周线进行焊接。其优点在于能生成精密、牢固和密封(不透气和不漏水)的焊接；极大地减小了制品的振动应力和热应力，比传统焊接更精确美观；在焊接过程中树脂降解少、产生碎屑少；由于焊接工作头设计成锥体状，当球型聚焦透镜压住透明塑料进行焊接时，在吹气系统吹气和塑料制品的反作用力的作用下，球型聚焦透镜处于悬浮状态，光束经由气垫式、可无摩擦任意滚动的玻璃球点状式的聚焦于焊接面，且球型聚焦透镜不仅仅进行聚焦而且也充当机械夹紧夹具，所以擅长焊接具有复杂外形的二维或三维塑料件制品，并且也能够焊接其他方法不易达到区域的优点；采用光纤连接，便于焊接工作头操作，使用更方便、灵活自由，整体结构合理实用。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的结构示意图；
图2是图1的结构原理图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例的用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置，包括焊接工作头1、可调焦机构和激光器9，激光器9的功率为20W-150W，其发射的波长为800～1064nm。所述可调焦机构设置于工作头1内。所述工作头1通过光纤2与激光器9相连接，工作头1下端呈锥体状，并在工作头1下端部设置有可滚动的球形聚焦透镜7，焊接工作头1通过管道5去连接在吹气和塑料件的反作用力的作用下能使球形聚焦透镜7处于悬浮状态的吹气装置，在可调聚机构和工作头1进风口之间设置有密封的全透明的挡风镜6，且球形聚焦透镜7的直径必须大于工作头1出光口的直径。所述可调焦机构包括凸透镜3和可调聚焦透镜4，在工作头1内的直线上依次排列着相互配合的凸透镜3、可调聚焦透镜4、球形聚焦透镜7，且可调聚焦透镜4可移动地与位于焊接工作头2外的调节装置相连接。该调节装置包括有带有内螺纹的夹具42和螺杆41，可调聚焦透镜4的一端被夹置于夹具42中，夹具42的一端与螺杆41相适配而连接在一起，螺杆41设置在调节盒11上。
以下对本发明的结构与工作原理作进一步说明：本发明主要包括有激光器、焊接工作头、可调聚焦机构、球形聚焦透镜、吹气系统，其中激光器通过光纤与把焊接工作头相连，把焊接工作头里面包含有球形聚焦透镜、吹气系统。激光器可采用半导体激光器或者YAG激光器，波长可在800～1064nm之间。焊接工作头可以是一个手持的把手，也可以是一个供机械手臂把持的把手。
可调聚焦机构，由一个凸透镜和一个可调聚焦透镜组成，用一个带有内螺纹的夹具夹住可调聚焦透镜，再用一螺杆与其吻合，通过旋转螺杆来带动夹具前后移动从而来调节可调聚焦透镜来改变焦点的位置的大小，使聚焦后的激光束的焦点能够精确照射到焊接面上，可针对不同厚度的透明塑料进行透射焊接。
在可调聚焦透镜和吹气系统之间有个密封的挡风镜，该镜是全透镜，主要是为了挡住吹气系统吹出的气体从而保护上面的光学系统。
本发明的光学原理图，如图1所示，由于采用光纤耦合接口，输出的聚焦激光束经由凸透镜把聚焦光束转换为平行光，再经可调聚焦透镜聚焦照在球形聚焦透镜上，球形聚焦透镜在可调聚焦透镜焦距以内，再经过球型透镜聚焦于焊接面。当可调聚焦透镜处于d/2处时，可调聚焦透镜的中心到球形聚焦透镜球心的距离为b，出射光束的焦点离球形聚焦透镜球心的距离为a，可调聚焦透镜的焦距为f，a+b<f。当可调聚焦透镜从d/2处向凸透镜方向移动时，a值减小，整个系统的焦距减小；当可调聚焦透镜从d/2处向球形聚焦透镜方向移动时，a值增大，整个系统的焦距增大。球形聚焦透镜的直径必须要大于出光口的直径，当球形聚焦透镜压住透明塑料进行焊接时，在吹气系统吹气和塑料制品的反作用力的作用下，球形聚焦透镜处于悬浮状态，球形聚焦透镜能够无摩擦任意滚动。该球形聚焦透镜不仅仅进行聚焦而且也充当机械夹紧夹具。当该球在表面上滚动时，为结合面提供了持续压力。这就确保了在激光加热材料的同时有压力夹紧。该球型聚焦透镜取代了机械夹具，同时扩大了激光焊接在连续三维焊接中的应用范围。整个激光束经过球形聚焦透镜聚焦于透明塑料8和深色塑料之间的接触面，激光束透过透明塑料8，在深色塑料吸收，并形成热作用区，在热作用区中的塑料被熔化，热熔状态下的塑料大分子在球形聚焦透镜给的压力下互相扩散，产生范德华力，从而紧密的连接起来。
主要功能：由激光器发出的激光经由光纤传输到便携式焊接工作头，再经过焊接工作头里的可调聚焦系统和球形聚焦透镜聚焦于透明塑料和深色塑料之间的接触面上，对这两个塑料制品进行激光焊接。
工作要求及工作原理
要针对一些平面或立体的热塑性塑料进行焊接，需要高效率、高性能的焊接方法及设备。
1、将两个待焊接塑料零部件夹在一起，然后将一束激光经由可调聚焦系统和球型聚焦透镜定向到待粘结的部位。激光束过上层透明材料，然后被下层材料吸收。激光能量被吸收使得下层材料温度升高，熔化上层以及和下层的塑料，在球形聚焦透镜的压力作用下把两个塑料焊接在一起。
2、采用球形聚焦透镜，当球形聚焦透镜压住透明塑料进行焊接时，在吹气系统吹气和塑料制品的反作用力的作用下，球形聚焦透镜处于悬浮状态，光束经由气垫式、可无摩擦任意滚动的玻璃球点状式的聚焦于焊接面，该球形聚焦透镜不仅仅进行聚焦而且也充当机械夹紧夹具。
3、激光焊接头是便携式、可移动的圆珠笔型焊接工作头，擅长焊接具有复杂外形(甚至是三维)的制品，能够焊接其他方法不易达到的区域。

Claims (6)

1、一种用激光焊接热塑性塑料件的装置，包括焊接工作头(1)、可调焦机构和激光器(9)，其特征在于：所述可调焦机构设置于焊接工作头(1)内，所述焊接工作头(1)通过光纤(2)与激光器(9)相连接，焊接工作头(1)下端部设置有可滚动的球形聚焦透镜(7)，焊接工作头(1)通过管道(5)去连接在吹气和塑料件的反作用力的作用下能使球形聚焦透镜(7)处于悬浮状态的吹气装置，在可调聚机构和工作头(1)进风口之间设置有密封的全透明的挡风镜(6)，且球形聚焦透镜(7)的直径必须大于工作头(1)出光口的直径。
2、根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述可调焦机构包括凸透镜(3)和可调聚焦透镜(4)，在工作头(1)内的直线上依次排列着相互配合的凸透镜(3)、可调聚焦透镜(4)、球形聚焦透镜(7)，且可调聚焦透镜(4)可移动地与位于焊接工作头(2)外的调节装置相连接。
3、根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于：所述调节装置包括有带有内螺纹的夹具(42)和螺杆(41)，可调聚焦透镜(4)的一端被夹置于夹具(42)中，夹具(42)的一端与螺杆(41)相适配而连接在一起，螺杆(41)设置在调节盒(11)上。
4、根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于所述激光器(9)其功率为20W-150W。
5、根据权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于：所述激光器(9)其发射的波长为800～1064nm。
6、根据权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于：所述工作头(1)下端呈锥体状。
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