CN101476814A - Low-rank coal drying method and system - Google Patents
Low-rank coal drying method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476814A CN101476814A CNA200810241001XA CN200810241001A CN101476814A CN 101476814 A CN101476814 A CN 101476814A CN A200810241001X A CNA200810241001X A CN A200810241001XA CN 200810241001 A CN200810241001 A CN 200810241001A CN 101476814 A CN101476814 A CN 101476814A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for drying low-rank coal, which comprises the following steps: (1) the low-rank coal is crushed, and the arrange of a grain diameter of the crushed low-rank coal is between 3 and 50mm; (2) the crushed low-rank coal is sent into a dryer and contacts hot flue gas which comes from a hot flue gas generation device; (3) the low-rank coal which comes out of the dryer is collected, and the hot flue gas discharged by the dryer as well as coal powder and water vapor which are carried by the hot flue gas are aerated into a coal powder treatment and acquisition system at the same time; (4) at least partial coal powder collected by the coal powder treatment and acquisition system is sent to the hot flue gas generation device to serve as a combustion material; (5) the hot flue gas which comes out of the coal powder treatment and acquisition system is divided into two parts, wherein the first part of flue gas circularly returns to the hot flue gas generation device, and the second part of the flue gas is discharged after heating combustion air through an air pre-heater; and (6) the heated combustion air is conveyed to the hot flue gas generation device to take part in the combustion. The invention also provides a low-rank coal drying system with self-supplied fuel, which has the advantages of high energy utilization rate and low production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying means and system of coal, particularly relate to the drying means system of low-order coal.
Background technology
China's energy resources are based on coal, and consumption of coal accounts for 60% of the disposable energy-consuming of China.For a long time, the exploitation of coal resources in China and utilization all are based on bituminous coal and anthracite.Along with the continuous increase of China's energy-consuming with to bituminous coal, anthracitic excessive exploitation, the development and use of low-order coal are more and more important.
So-called low-order coal is meant the coal that degree of coalification is lower, as brown coal, jet coal, dross coal, weakly caking coal and bottle coal etc.Low-order coal accounts in the explored coal reserves of China occupies quite great proportion, but (be generally 20wt%～60wt%) because the moisture of low-order coal is higher, calorific value is low (to be generally 1000～3500kcal/kg), so brought difficulty for the transportation and the utilization of low-order coal, to have improved cost.At the problems referred to above,, need carry out drying to low-order coal and handle for rationally utilizing the low-order coal energy.
Existing comparatively general dry technology mainly is hot flue gas drying and steam drying.Hot flue gas drying uses hot-blast stove to produce hot blast or utilizes hot flue gas as thermal source, and superheated steam is used in steam drying usually, and the two all adds thermal material directly or indirectly by thermal source, evaporation material moisture and realize drying.
Hot flue gas drying is the drying means that China generally adopts, and hot flue gas is from combustion gas, fuel oil or fire coal.The structure of the hot flue gas generating means of combustion gas and fuel oil is the simplest, technology maturation and reliable, but because fuel cost is higher, seldom adopts in large-scale dried material engineering.Coal-fired hot flue gas generating means has chain furnace, coal-powder boiler, boiling pool furnace, Circulation fluidized-bed furnace etc. usually.
Though adopt the equipment that drying system and drying means adopted of coal-fired hot flue gas generating means simple, efficiency of combustion is higher with operation control level, exists following deficiency:
(1) in the hot flue gas generating means course of work of the fire coal in drying system, the approximate adiabatic combustion state that is in of fuel, if use the lower coal of ash fusion point, because the slagging scorification phenomenon easily takes place usually above the slagging temperature of ash in the hot flue-gas temperature that burning generates, therefore, coal-fired hot flue gas generating means adopts the high-quality bituminous coal that is difficult for slagging scorification usually, and this certainly will increase production cost.
(2) the hot flue gas generating means of the current drying system modes that adopt direct dilution air to carry out temperature adjustment to satisfy the needed suitable temperature of dried material, make that the thermal efficiency of system is low more, and Fuel Consumption is big.
(3) adopt the mode of direct dilution air to carry out temperature adjustment, cause in the hot flue gas that is provided oxygen content higher, have serious potential safety hazard during for the low order coal of drier poor heat stability, easily spontaneous combustion.
(4) Ran Mei hot flue gas producer has certain requirement to fuel, and may need increases extra fuel preparation plant, has increased production cost.
(5) the afterbody flue gas loss of drying system is very big, and particularly thermal loss fails to make full use of smoke discharging residual heat.
At some above problems, patent application 200810111215.5 discloses a kind of method of low rank coal high temperature flue gas drying, and this method comprises that it is coal dust that low-order coal is pulverized; Produce the high-temperature flue gas that oxygen content is lower than 10 (volume) % by the flue gas generation systems; In drier, use the high temperature flue gas drying coal dust; The flue gas that carries coal dust from drier is separated into steps such as flue gas and coal dust through first piece-rate system.This method comprises that also the flue gas that separates is sent into second piece-rate system carries out dedusting, forms the step of tail gas.In order to increase the utilization rate of tail gas, this method also comprise the part with tail gas feed in the high-temperature flue gas stove be used to control combustion temperature in hearth, prevent coking in the stove, the oxygen content of the flue gas of control outlet simultaneously; And another part of tail gas mixes with flue gas from the high-temperature flue gas stove; All the other tail gas emptyings.This method has reduced the slagging scorification phenomenon effectively, has also effectively avoided direct employing cold air to be used for the defective of temperature adjustment simultaneously.But this method is only utilized a part of tail gas, and fuel is prepared possibly in addition.This drying means also comprises the step that low-order coal all is ground into coal dust in addition, and the workload that dried coal dust separates with flue gas is bigger, needs the two-stage piece-rate system, needs simultaneously the coal dust that all is ground into is carried out forming step.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of drying means of low-order coal, and it has further improved the utilization rate of tail gas, adopts simultaneously directly the coal dust that produces from dry run to act as a fuel, and has system capacity utilization rate height, advantage that operating cost is low.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of drying means of low-order coal, may further comprise the steps:
(1) broken low-order coal, the particle diameter that makes broken back low-order coal is in the 3mm-50mm scope;
(2) low-order coal after the fragmentation is sent into drier and contact with the hot flue gas that comes self-heating flue gas generating means;
(3) collect the low-order coal of coming out, allow hot flue gas that drier discharges and the coal dust of taking out of by hot flue gas and steam feed coal dust simultaneously and handle gathering system from drier;
(4) coal dust being handled at least a portion coal dust that gathering system collects delivers to hot flue gas generating means and acts as a fuel;
(5) the hot flue gas that comes out from coal dust processing gathering system is divided into two parts, and wherein first's flue gas recirculation turns back to hot flue gas generating means, and the second portion flue gas discharges after heating combustion air by air preheater;
(6) be transported to hot flue gas generating means through the combustion air after the heating and participate in burning.
Further feature according to drying means of the present invention, also be included in circulation in the described step (5) and turn back to the step that hot flue gas generating means is divided into described first flue gas the hot flue gas of two bursts of adjustable throttle amounts before, wherein one imports hot flue gas generating means as anti-slag wind, another strand as temperature adjustment wind.
In further method feature of the present invention, comprise that also combustion air was divided into the step of the combustion air of two bursts of adjustable throttle amounts before entering hot flue gas generating means, wherein one is as a wind that carries coal dust, and one imports hot flue gas generating means as secondary wind.
The further feature of the method according to this invention also comprises the step that the combustion air that heated is further heated in described step (5).。
Another object of the present invention is the drying system that proposes a kind of low-order coal.
For this reason, propose a kind of drying system of low-order coal, comprising:
Breaker is broken into low-order coal the particle size range of 3mm-50mm;
Hot flue gas generating means is used to produce the hot flue gas that is used for drying low-order coal;
Drier makes the low-order coal from breaker contact with the hot flue gas that comes self-heating flue gas generating means;
Coal dust is handled gathering system, is used for collection and treatment and separates the hot flue gas of described drier discharge and coal dust and the steam of being taken out of by described hot flue gas;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
Machine supplying powder, the coal dust that at least a portion is handled the gathering system collection by described coal dust is sent to hot flue gas generating means participation burning;
First air preheater, the part of the hot flue gas that described coal dust processing gathering system is separated is discharged after heating combustion air by this first air preheater.
According to the further feature of drying system of the present invention, hot flue gas generating means is the combustion furnace of combusting coal fines, and described combustion furnace comprises combustion zone that is provided with anti-slag wind mouth and the temperature adjustment district that is provided with temperature adjustment wind mouth.
In one embodiment of the invention, the hot flue gas of handling the remainder that gathering system separates from coal dust is divided into two stocks and does not import described anti-slag wind mouth and temperature adjustment wind mouth.
According to the present invention, described drier is revolving cylinder drier or fluid-bed dryer.Coal dust is handled gathering system and is comprised sack cleaner, exhaust blower and low-pressure nitrogen blowback system.
According to the further feature of drying system of the present invention, also comprise second air preheater that is arranged between hot flue gas generating means and the drier, further described combustion air is heated.
According to a further general feature of the present invention, drying system of the present invention also comprises the coal powder collection buffer device, and described coal powder collection buffer device is handled between gathering system and the machine supplying powder and is provided with the device that is used to control the pulverized coal conveying amount at described coal dust.
Compare with existing drying means and system, the present invention adopts the coal dust of drying system self generation as incendiary material, thereby hot flue gas generating means do not need to increase extra preparation of fuel equipment, and dust quantity reduces significantly, reduced to pollute and saved the cost of preparation of fuel and transportation again.Owing to improved the waste gas utilization rate, reduce Coal-fired capacity simultaneously, further reduced environmental pollution again.In addition, drying means of the present invention and system have also reduced the infringement to equipment, eliminate or reduced the slagging scorification phenomenon of furnace wall.
Description of drawings
Below, describe embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 has represented the schematic diagram according to drying system of the present invention.
Reference numeral
1. belt conveyor
2. drier
3. coal dust is handled gathering system
4. air-introduced machine
5. air preheater
6. coal dust surge bunker
7. combustion zone
8. temperature adjustment district
9. belt conveyor
10. product coal bunker
11. chimney
12. booster fan
13. booster fan
14. machine supplying powder
15. burner
The specific embodiment
For thought of the present invention is described better, will further introduce the present invention by the following specific embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
At first use the breaker (not shown) will be broken into graininess, the particle diameter of low-order coal is preferably between 3mm-50mm.As shown in Figure 1, the raw material low-order coal after break process is transferred in the drier 2 by belt conveyor 1.The low-order coal of sending into drier 2 directly contacts with the hot flue gas that comes self-heating flue gas generating means carries out heat exchange, thereby has realized the drying of low-order coal.Described drier can be the revolving roll drier, also can be the direct drying equipments that carry out heat exchange that contact of gas-solid such as fluid-bed dryer.
The dried low-order coal of coming out from drier 2 is transported to product coal bunker 10 by belt conveyor 9 and collects for use.
From the hot flue gas that drier 2 is discharged from, carry dust (annotate: alleged dust is made up of coal dust basically, below all with the coal dust appellation) and steam here.For separating coal dust, the hot flue gas that carries coal dust and steam of discharge is sent to coal dust and handles gathering system 3 processing.Described coal dust is handled gathering system 3 and is used to the hot flue gas that collection and treatment is discharged by drier 2, particularly the coal dust that carries in the described hot flue gas is separated from described hot flue gas.Coal dust is handled gathering system can comprise sack cleaner, exhaust blower and low-pressure nitrogen blowback system.With exhaust blower the gas of sack cleaner is discharged, and described low-pressure nitrogen blowback system is blown in the sack cleaner as reverse gas cleaning gas with low-pressure nitrogen.
Coal dust is handled from coal dust and is entered coal dust surge bunker 6 after gathering system 3 is separated, and described surge bunker 6 is provided with the device that control offers the coal dust burning amount of hot flue gas generating means.Described coal dust surge bunker 6 is provided with the overfall (not shown) at the certain altitude place of surge bunker, will flow out from overfall when the coal dust in the surge bunker 6 reaches this height.The coal dust that overflows is directly delivered to product coal bunker 10 or is made readymade coal through other processing, for example high-pressure molding.This has guaranteed that quantitative coal dust is used as the incendiary material of hot flue gas generating means.Self-evident, also can adopt other suitable coal dust buffer unit to substitute coal dust surge bunker 6 and be used to control the coal dust burning amount that offers hot flue gas generating means.
Handle the hot flue gas process air-introduced machine 4 of gathering system 3 processing through coal dust after, a part of hot flue gas turns back to hot flue gas generating means by booster fan 13 circulations.Wherein circulation is returned gas and is belonged to the weary hot flue gas body of oxygen, and oxygen content is generally less than 5%.The gas that circulation turns back to hot flue gas generating means is divided into two strands, and respectively as anti-slag wind and temperature adjustment wind, wherein anti-slag wind is used for isolated high-temperature flue gas, prevents that coal dust from the slagging scorification phenomenon taking place on the inwall of hot flue gas generating means in combustion process; Temperature adjustment wind is used to adjust the hot flue-gas temperature of hot flue gas generating means output.Correspondingly, hot flue gas generating means comprises combustion zone 7 that is provided with anti-slag wind mouth and the temperature adjustment district 8 that is provided with temperature adjustment wind mouth, wherein said combustion zone 7 is meant that coal dust and combustion-supporting gas mix the section that burns, and described temperature adjustment district 8 is meant the section of high-temperature flue gas that burning produces and the low-temperature flue gas mixing temperature adjustment returned of circulating.
Described anti-slag wind mouth is located at top, both sides and the bottom of hot flue gas generating means respectively, and the mouthpiece direction is consistent with the flame combustion direction.Alternatively, anti-slag wind mouth also can be provided with around combustion zone 7, or is arranged to other suitable structure.Described temperature adjustment wind mouth preferably is located at roof of the furnace, and blowing direction points to furnace bottom.Two adjusting devices can also be set, be used for the flow of anti-slag wind of each self-regulation and temperature adjustment wind.Enter the flow of the temperature adjustment wind in temperature adjustment district 8 by adjusting, make the temperature of the hot flue gas of sending into drier be in the suitable scope.
Handle hot flue gas that gathering system 3 discharges except the part of hot flue gas generating means is returned in circulation from coal dust, part is through the air preheater 5 of heating combustion air in addition, then as tail gas by chimney 11 dischargings.
The combustion air that heated is through being divided into two strands after the booster fan 12 before entering hot flue gas generating means, wherein one carries coal dust as a wind by machine supplying powder 14 and is sent to burner 15, and it is combustion-supporting that another strand sent into burner 15 as secondary wind.Burner can be spiral coal powder burner or other the suitable burner that those skilled in the art know.Two adjustable gate preferably are set, are used for the flow of two strands of air-flows of each self-regulation.
In another embodiment of the present invention, additional air preheater (not shown) is set between hot flue gas generating means and drier, further described combustion air being heated, thereby improve combustion position in the hot flue gas generating means.Alternatively, also can adopt other suitable mode of heating heating combustion air.
Sending into hot flue gas that the burning of the coal dust of hot flue gas generating means and combustion air produces is admitted to after above-mentioned temperature adjustment step and carries out drying in the drier 2.
Embodiments of the invention have now been described, those skilled in the art will be easy to the present invention is changed, revises and improves, and do not deviate from the present invention, for example the raw material low-order coal is before or after fragmentation, before being sent to drying machine, also can carry out pre-dried, and can utilize the flue gas that flows through air preheater 5 as drying medium.Therefore the content above will only be descriptive rather than determinate, and the present invention is only limited by following claims.
Claims (10)
1. the drying means of a low-order coal may further comprise the steps:
(1) broken low-order coal, the particle diameter that makes broken back low-order coal is in the 3mm-50mm scope;
(2) low-order coal after the fragmentation is sent into drier and contact with the hot flue gas that comes self-heating flue gas generating means;
(3) collect the low-order coal of coming out, allow hot flue gas that drier discharges and the coal dust of taking out of by hot flue gas and steam feed coal dust simultaneously and handle gathering system from drier;
(4) coal dust being handled at least a portion coal dust that gathering system collects delivers to hot flue gas generating means and acts as a fuel;
(5) the hot flue gas that comes out from coal dust processing gathering system is divided into two parts, and wherein first's flue gas recirculation turns back to hot flue gas generating means, and the second portion flue gas discharges after heating combustion air by air preheater;
(6) be transported to hot flue gas generating means through the combustion air after the heating and participate in burning.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be included in circulation in the described step (5) and turn back to the step that hot flue gas generating means is divided into described first flue gas the hot flue gas of two bursts of adjustable throttle amounts before, wherein one imports hot flue gas generating means as anti-slag wind, another strand as temperature adjustment wind.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise that also described combustion air was divided into the step of the combustion air of two bursts of adjustable throttle amounts before entering hot flue gas generating means, wherein one is as a wind that carries coal dust, and one imports hot flue gas generating means as secondary wind.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the step that the combustion air that heated in described step (5) is further heated.
5. the drying system of a low-order coal comprises:
Breaker is broken into low-order coal the particle size range of 3mm-50mm;
Hot flue gas generating means is used to produce the hot flue gas that is used for drying low-order coal;
Drier makes the low-order coal from breaker contact with the hot flue gas that comes self-heating flue gas generating means;
Coal dust is handled gathering system, is used for collection and treatment and separates the hot flue gas of described drier discharge and coal dust and the steam of being taken out of by described hot flue gas;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
Machine supplying powder, the coal dust that at least a portion is handled the gathering system collection by described coal dust is sent to hot flue gas generating means participation burning;
First air preheater, the part of the hot flue gas that described coal dust processing gathering system is separated is discharged after heating combustion air by this first air preheater.
6. drying system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the combustion furnace that described hot flue gas generating means is a combusting coal fines, described combustion furnace comprise combustion zone that is provided with anti-slag wind mouth and the temperature adjustment district that is provided with temperature adjustment wind mouth.
7. drying system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the hot flue gas of the remainder that coal dust processing gathering system is separated is divided into two stocks and does not import described anti-slag wind mouth and temperature adjustment wind mouth.
8. drying system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described drier is revolving cylinder drier or fluid-bed dryer.
9. drying system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises second air preheater that is arranged between hot flue gas generating means and the drier, further described combustion air is heated.
10. drying system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises the coal powder collection buffer device, and described coal powder collection buffer device is handled between gathering system and the machine supplying powder and is provided with the device that is used to control the pulverized coal conveying amount at described coal dust.
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| CNA200810241001XA CN101476814A (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2008-12-24 | Low-rank coal drying method and system |
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| CNA200810241001XA CN101476814A (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2008-12-24 | Low-rank coal drying method and system |
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| CN101893370A (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2010-11-24 | 华北电力大学（保定） | System adopting high concentration CO2 flue gas as coal dust drying medium in boiler |
| CN102410705A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-04-11 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Multistage continuous overheated steam drying system and method of low-rank coal |
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| CN102759118A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院工程有限公司 | Lignite drum smoke pre-drying power generation integrated system and process |
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| CN101893370B (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-05-30 | 华北电力大学（保定） | System adopting high concentration CO2 flue gas as coal dust drying medium in boiler |
| CN101893370A (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2010-11-24 | 华北电力大学（保定） | System adopting high concentration CO2 flue gas as coal dust drying medium in boiler |
| CN102564067A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-11 | 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院 | Rotary cylindrical drier catalyst drying method and equipment |
| CN102759118A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院工程有限公司 | Lignite drum smoke pre-drying power generation integrated system and process |
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| CN102796581A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2012-11-28 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Drying pretreatment method for lignite |
| CN102433142A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-05-02 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Quality-improving technique combining low-rank coal pneumatic drying with multi-tube revolving destructive distillation and system for same |
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| CN103115478B (en) * | 2013-02-17 | 2015-04-29 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Drying equipment |
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| CN103343954B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-04-15 | 华北电力大学 | Quality-improved lignite combustion or blending combustion system |
| CN103525463A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-22 | 中国天辰工程有限公司 | Novel process for drying lignite |
| CN103736339A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 内蒙古大唐国际锡林浩特褐煤综合开发有限责任公司 | Bulk material drying and dust collection system and coal powder collection method |
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| CN104613490B (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2017-05-24 | 杭州萧越热电有限公司 | Pulverized coal preheater |
| CN106403561A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-15 | 西安航天华威化工生物工程有限公司 | Semi-coke dewatering device and technology |
| CN109439378A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-08 | 北京国电龙源环保工程有限公司 | The upgrading system and method for upgrading of low-order coal pulverized coal forming are carried out using waste heat flue gas |
| CN111238193A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-05 | 唐山天和环保科技股份有限公司 | Process and method for realizing zero emission of pollutants in coal roller drying system |
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