CN101474099A - Injury-causing device for experimental investigation of deceleration injury and method for producing deceleration injury model - Google Patents
Injury-causing device for experimental investigation of deceleration injury and method for producing deceleration injury model Download PDFInfo
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- CN101474099A CN101474099A CNA2008102372751A CN200810237275A CN101474099A CN 101474099 A CN101474099 A CN 101474099A CN A2008102372751 A CNA2008102372751 A CN A2008102372751A CN 200810237275 A CN200810237275 A CN 200810237275A CN 101474099 A CN101474099 A CN 101474099A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an injury making device for deceleration injury experimental research and a method for making a deceleration injury mould. A space for the pulley falling is existed between an upper supporting seat and a substrate. The space is internally and vertically provided with a guided way. The pulley is arranged between the upper supporting seat and the substrate and is matched with the guided way by a rolling device in a rolling way. The substrate is provided with a chopping block and a device used for buffering and deceleration. An animal is fixed on the pulley. A bracket is used for holding the position of the animal needing to be injured. The pulley is caused to freely fall along the guided way so that the position of the animal needing to be injured collides with the chopping chock. The device used for buffering and deceleration controls deceleration so as to form the deceleration damage of the position of the animal needing to be injury, thus obtaining the mould of the deceleration injury. The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the existing injury making device for deceleration injury and the method for making the deceleration injury mould, is economical and scientific and can be widely used in the fundamental research of medicines such as traffic medicine, physical exercise medicine, aviation and aerospace and etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wound experiment field, be specifically related to a kind of be used to slow down hinder the method for causing injury device and making the deceleration wound model of experimentation.
Background technology
Slow down hindering is because of moving biology collides other object suddenly, forces organism to underspeed in the very short time and the damage that causes.Slow down to hinder and be common in traffic accident injury, high-altitude Falling Injury, sports damage etc.
Along with social development, the vehicles that the mankind have are more and more, increasing of the traffic accident injury that vehicle accident caused, traffic safety has become the problem of a serious threat human health, traffic accident injury is also listed " the first in the world public hazards " to human life's safety hazard maximum in, and is very big to social stability and economic development influence.The common class of hindering of traffic accident injury is to quicken to hinder and slow down to hinder.Quickening to hinder is to cause taking place the damage that fast moving causes owing to immobilized organism suffers external force collision suddenly, and slow down to hinder is to collide other object suddenly because of moving biology, forces organism to underspeed in the very short time and the damage that causes.Along with the number that has vehicle increases, the quantity that causes the on-board crew deceleration to hinder in vehicle accident also increases, and for carrying out timely, accurate and effective diagnosis and treatment to deceleration the wounded, in the traffic medicine field research of hindering of slowing down is also become an important topic.Research worker needs to hinder the model experiment research of causing injury, analyze the formation and the degree of injury that slow down and hinder by a large amount of decelerations in slow down hindering research, with accurate judgement and the evaluation that obtains formed deceleration is hindered, formulates therapeutic scheme.Hinder experimentation and but be one and do not allow facile thing yet make the deceleration wound model and slow down, this is because make the deceleration wound model, and the problem that at first needs to solve is to allow the living animal as experimental subject obtain initial velocity.And the method that allows experimental subject obtain initial velocity at present has the mode of the gravity acceleration of adopting freely falling body, has to adopt elastic to shrink the mode of quickening, and also has and adopts the driven by motor wirerope to draw the mode of quickening.Adopting the mode of the gravity acceleration of freely falling body is a kind of experimental technique of less expensive, it discharges laboratory animal and freely falls to obtain initial velocity from certain altitude, though this method can reach the purpose of control initial velocity, but can't solve the location of damage location of experimental subject and the control problem of moderating process, because the poor controllability of experiment, it is undesirable to cause the deceleration made to hinder the model of causing injury, and is not easy to reach the expection requirement.Adopting elastic to shrink to experimental subject provides power to obtain initial velocity, but elastic can cause the problem of elastic fatigue, material aging along with the test number (TN) increase, and also there is material behavior difference in the elastic of different manufacturers, different batches production, the mechanical condition difference of elastic under condition of different temperatures is big in addition, in view of these reasons, adopt elastic to shrink the stable uncertain problem that there is repeated experiments in the mode of quickening, it is not ideal enough that the reference value that the model of causing injury is used to study is hindered in the deceleration of making.Adopt driven by motor wirerope tractive manner to make deceleration and hinder the model of causing injury, with regard to experimental precision and repeatable going up, be a kind of selection preferably, but because of its complicated operation, high power motor can consume a large amount of electric energy again, cause experimental cost to increase, not only uneconomical but also waste energy.In view of the foregoing, the research of in the traffic medicine field, slowing down and hindering, adopt what kind of equipment making to slow down and hinder the model of causing injury, the location of experimental subject and the control problem of moderating process had both been solved, guarantee the stability of accelerator and moderating process again, can also reduce experimentation cost and easy and simple to handle, fail to find ideal solution always.
Summary of the invention
A purpose of the present invention is the deficiency that exists at prior art, provide a kind of be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation.
Another object of the present invention is the deficiency that exists at prior art, and a kind of method of making the deceleration wound model is provided.
The device of causing injury of hindering experimentation of being used to slow down of the present invention is achieved in that and comprises pedestal, the upper support seat, coaster, described coaster is between upper support seat and pedestal, has the space that coaster falls between upper support seat and the pedestal, several parallel guided ways vertically are set in this space, the guided way upper end is connected in the upper support seat, the lower end is connected in pedestal, coaster rolls with guided way by tourelle and cooperates, described coaster one side is provided with the carriage that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster to horizontal direction, the position of corresponding coaster is provided with the device that is used for buffer deceleration on the pedestal, position to the carriage that is applied to hold animal on the pedestal is provided with the chopping block that is used for the animal collision, and the bottom of upper support seat is provided with the compression spring.
Owing to adopted such scheme, place coaster at pedestal and upper support seat, coaster cooperates with the guided way rolling of being located between upper support seat and the pedestal by tourelle, when being fallen, coaster can under the guiding control of guided way, fall, because the friction between coaster and the guided way is rolling friction, this force of rolling friction is about 1%～2% of force of sliding friction, its falling speed influence to moving object can be ignored, so falling of coaster can be similar to the free-falling of thinking acceleration of gravity.Because the bottom of upper support seat is provided with the compression spring, can regulate the initial velocity that coaster falls by the decrement of granting the compression spring, realize that experimental subject obtains the controllability of initial velocity from certain altitude.And the position of corresponding coaster is provided with the device that is used for buffer deceleration on the pedestal, form moderating process when coaster being fallen bump with pedestal, and this moderating process can be by adopting different buffering energy-absorbing materials, and the thickness of material is controlled the controllability of realization moderating process.Because falling of coaster is directionally controlled in guided way, produce in the time of can not falling and vacillate now to the left, now to the right or deflection, make be fixed on supratrochlear laboratory animal can accurate positioning when falling with coaster, its required damage location is accurate, and in acceleration, moderating process, keep stable, thereby improve the accuracy of experiment.Be provided with the carriage that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster to horizontal direction in described coaster one side, position to the carriage that is applied to hold animal on the pedestal is provided with the chopping block that is used for the animal collision, holding position that laboratory animal need damage by the carriage that is used to hold animal forms to slow down with the chopping block collision that is used for the animal collision and hinders, can cause injury targetedly according to the damage location of experiment needs, improve the accuracy of deceleration wound model.
The present invention be used to slow down hinder experimentation cause injury device when being generally used for volume is less relatively, weight is lighter animal and being experimental subject, only just coaster and laboratory animal can be promoted by artificial, do not need power source, the research experiment cost is greatly reduced.
The method of making deceleration wound model of the present invention is achieved in that
Living animal is fixed on the coaster of the device of hindering research experiment of being used to slow down, holds the animal position of need causing injury with the carriage that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster, chopping block is aimed at the position that animal need be caused injury;
Then coaster is promoted to the experiment desired height, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, perhaps the decrement of the compression spring that is provided with bottom the upper support seat is controlled the initial velocity that begins to fall, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, make animal position and the chopping block collision of need causing injury, coaster and the device collision that is used for buffer deceleration simultaneously are by the device control deceleration that is used for buffer deceleration, form need the cause injury deceleration damage at position of animal, obtain the wound model that slows down.
Because adopt said method,
According to Newton's laws of motion following formula is arranged:
In the formula
v
tBe the speed at once behind the experimental subject height of fall h;
v
0For experimental subject begins the preceding initial velocity that falls;
S is an acceleration distance, and this sentences height of fall h and calculates;
A is an acceleration,, think gravity acceleration g herein;
Then experimental subject is with initial velocity v
0Speed at once behind the height of fall h
Initial velocity v before experimental subject begins to fall
0Be transformed from the potential energy of spring storage, the conversion formula of kinetic energy and potential energy is
In the formula
v
0For experimental subject begins the preceding initial velocity that falls
M is the experimental subject quality
K is a spring Hooke coefficient
X is an amount of spring compression
Living animal is fixed on the coaster of the device of hindering research experiment of being used to slow down, hold the animal position of need causing injury with the carriage that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster, coaster is promoted to the experiment desired height, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, perhaps the decrement of the compression spring that is provided with bottom the upper support seat is controlled the initial velocity that begins to fall, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, by the device control deceleration that is used for buffer deceleration, make animal position and the chopping block collision of need causing injury, form need the cause injury deceleration damage at position of animal, obtain required deceleration wound model.This method is utilized the free-falling mode of acceleration of gravity, can greatly reduce the expense of making the deceleration wound model, realizes economical research experiment, helps extensive popularization.Because of the decrement control of adopting the compression spring begins the preceding initial velocity that falls, employing is used for the device control deceleration of buffer deceleration, after experimental subject falls with height of fall h by the device buffering energy-absorbing that is used for buffer deceleration on the pedestal, reach the purpose of control deceleration, and the friction between coaster and the guided way is rolling friction, its frictional force is about 1%～2% of force of sliding friction, its speed influence to moving object can be ignored, therefore falling of coaster can be similar to the free-falling of thinking acceleration of gravity, meet Newton's laws of motion, and the deceleration that forms the deceleration Flaw characterization can be by being used for the device control of buffer deceleration, the device that is used for buffer deceleration by replacing carries out grouping experiment, can copy the multiple model of causing injury very easily, be convenient to carry out a large amount of biological collision experiments, make the deceleration wound model of making have more science, improve deceleration Study on Damage level thus.
The method of causing injury device and making the deceleration wound model of the present invention, overcome existing deceleration and hindered the defective of cause injury device and making deceleration wound model method, not only economy but also have science can be widely used in the basic research of aspects such as traffic medicine, sports medical science and aerospace medicine.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is used to slow down the structural representation of the device of causing injury of hindering experimentation;
Fig. 2 is the restriction relation schematic side view of tourelle and guided way;
Fig. 3 is the restriction relation schematic top plan view of tourelle and guided way.
In the accompanying drawing, 1 is guided way, and 2 is carriage, and 3 is chopping block, and 4 is scale, and 5 is coaster, and 6 for being used for the device of buffer deceleration, and 7 is pedestal, and 8 are the compression spring, and 9 is support, and 10 is pulley, and 11 is the upper support seat.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, hinder a kind of embodiment of the device of causing injury of experimentation for originally being used to slow down, the described device of causing injury comprises pedestal 7, upper support seat 11, coaster 5 etc.Described coaster 5 is between upper support seat 11 and pedestal 7, has the space that coaster falls between upper support seat 11 and the pedestal 7, several parallel guided ways 1 vertically are set in this space, guided way 1 upper end is connected in upper support seat 11, the lower end is connected in pedestal 7, and coaster 5 rolls with guided way 1 by tourelle and cooperates.Described tourelle comprises support 9, pulley 10, and support 9 is fixedly mounted on the coaster 5 by bolted or welding, and pulley 10 is supported on the support 0 by axle, and pulley 10 contacts with guided way 1 and forms the cooperation of rolling.Described guided way 1 is set to more than two or two, the quantity of the tourelle on the coaster 5 is corresponding with the quantity of guided way 1, each tourelle rolls with a guided way 1 and cooperates, coaster 5 is fallen downwards at the guide effect lower edge of guided way 1 guided way, the accurate positioning of falling, the barycentre steadiness in the process of falling; Described pulley 10 is two pulleys that are provided with race, two pulleys 10 are supported on the support 9 by axle respectively, and support 9 is a frame support, and two pulleys are arranged in frame support, the race of two pulleys 10 is relative, a guided way 1 is clipped in forming in the space between two races rolls cooperates.The guided way 1 of present embodiment adopts four wireropes, and four wireropes are matrix arrangements, and the wirerope tension is connected between upper support seat 11 and the pedestal 7, to guarantee the steadily of centre of gravity of coaster when wirerope falls.The wirerope upper end can adopt common fixture to be fixed on the upper support seat as hook or wirerope connector etc. after passing the upper support seat, the ratchet that the available tight devices with lock in pedestal 7 back are passed in the lower end of wirerope is fixed on the pedestal, and making distance between upper support seat 11 and the pedestal 7 is that the height of fall of coaster 5 can be according to testing the needs adjustment.Described coaster 5 one sides are provided with the carriage 2 that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster to horizontal direction, the carriage 2 that is used to hold animal is made of two support bars that stretch out from coaster 5 and the grid of holding animal that is connected between two support bars, the position of corresponding coaster is provided with the device 6 that is used for buffer deceleration on the pedestal 7, and the position to the carriage 2 that is applied to hold animal on the pedestal 7 is provided with the chopping block 3 that is used for the animal collision.It is corresponding with the chopping block that is used to collide that the grid of holding animal on the described carriage 2 is positioned at the top of the chopping block that is used to collide 3 on the pedestal; The described device 6 that is used for buffer deceleration is rubber blanket or car crass energy-absorbing honeycomb aluminum pad, also can adopt the buffer unit of other elastic constructions with energy-absorbing function certainly.It is corresponding with coaster 5 that the bottom of described upper support seat 11 is provided with compression spring 8, and compression spring 8 can be fixed on the installing plate, and installing plate is fastened on the upper support seat 11 by screw.Be provided with altitude scale 4 between the same side of described pedestal 7 and upper support seat 11.The traction hook is set on the coaster 5, is connected with the traction hook by the pull rope that promotes coaster, coaster is promoted, the pull rope that comes loose can make coaster fall.Described upper support seat 11 can be fixed by bolts on the bracing frame that is provided with the differing heights installing hole, also can use the hook that differing heights is set on the existing high constructure, articulates upper support seat 11 fixing.
The present invention's device of causing injury not only is confined to the foregoing description, three guided ways that described guided way adopts battle array triangular in shape to arrange, or be two guided ways of symmetric arrangement, or be symmetric arrangement more than four guided way, equally also can realize leading and keep the fall purpose of barycentre steadiness of coaster.Perhaps on the guided way guide chute is set, pulley form to roll with guided way in guide chute and cooperates, and also can realize leading and keeps the fall purpose of barycentre steadiness of coaster.
When adopting the present invention to be used to slow down to hinder the device of causing injury of research experiment to make the deceleration wound model, at first will prohibit drink, 4 hours the living animal that is used to test of fasting, and before experiment, carry out auricular vein and anaesthetize and tracheal intubation.
Postanesthetic living animal is fixed on the coaster of the device of hindering research experiment of being used to slow down, holds the animal position of need causing injury with the carriage that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster, chopping block is aimed at the position that animal need be caused injury;
Then coaster is promoted to the experiment desired height, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, perhaps the decrement of the compression spring that is provided with bottom the upper support seat is controlled the initial velocity that begins to fall, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, make animal position and the chopping block collision of need causing injury, coaster and the device collision that is used for buffer deceleration simultaneously are by the device control deceleration that is used for buffer deceleration, form need the cause injury deceleration damage at position of animal, obtain the wound model that slows down.
By being used for the device control deceleration of buffer deceleration, can change the thickness of the device that is used for buffer deceleration according to the required deceleration of experiment, and/or change the device that is used for buffer deceleration of different energy-absorbing materials.For example: the height that coaster is promoted to 7.0m, the decrement of compression spring is 0cm, adopt respectively thickness be the car crass energy-absorbing of the rubber blanket of 2cm, 4cm and thickness 10cm with honeycomb aluminum pad as the device that is used for buffer deceleration, carry out the experiment of falling for 3 times altogether, three fall result of experiment such as following tables:
Speed, the deceleration of coaster 7.0m free-falling
Below for adopting cause injury the once experiment of device research rabbit cranium brain deceleration wound model of the present invention:
1) healthy rabbits is 45, and male and female are regardless of, and body weight 2.0 ± 0.5kg is equally divided into 3 groups at random by the height of fall, and I group height 2.5m falls, and II group height 3.5m falls, and III group height 7.0m falls.4h prohibits drink, fasting before the rabbit experiment.Tracheal intubation is carried out in the capable auricular vein anesthesia of 3% pentobarbital sodium (dosage 30mg/kg).
2) rabbit is fixed on the coaster so that the attitude of lying on the back is in bond, with the head of carriage picking-up rabbit, make rabbit calvarium portion aim at chopping block, coaster is fallen from 2.5m, 3.5m and the 7.0m position of scale respectively, the device that is used for buffer deceleration is the thick rubber blanket of 4cm, and rabbit is caused injury.
3) slight cranium brain deceleration wound has appearred in I group rabbit, and II group rabbit is the deceleration of moderate cranium brain and hinders, and it is that serious cranium brain deceleration is hindered that III organizes.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used to slow down and hinders the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: comprise pedestal, the upper support seat, coaster, described coaster is between upper support seat and pedestal, has the space that coaster falls between upper support seat and the pedestal, several parallel guided ways vertically are set in this space, the guided way upper end is connected in the upper support seat, the lower end is connected in pedestal, coaster rolls with guided way by tourelle and cooperates, described coaster one side is provided with the carriage that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster to horizontal direction, the position of corresponding coaster is provided with the device that is used for buffer deceleration on the pedestal, position to the carriage that is applied to hold animal on the pedestal is provided with the chopping block that is used for the animal collision, and the bottom of upper support seat is provided with the compression spring.
2. according to claim 1 be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: described tourelle comprises support, pulley, support is fixedly mounted on the coaster, pulley is supported on the support by axle.
3. according to claim 2 be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: described pulley is two pulleys that are provided with race, two pulleys are supported on the support by axle respectively, the race of two pulleys is relative, a guided way is clipped in forming in the space between two races rolls cooperates.
According to claim 1 or 3 described be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: described guided way is a wirerope, wirerope tension is connected between upper support seat and the pedestal.
5. according to claim 4 be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: described wirerope is set to four, four wireropes are matrix arrangements.
6. according to claim 1 be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: the described carriage that is used to hold animal is made of two support bars that stretch out from coaster and the grid of holding animal that is connected between two support bars, and it is corresponding with the chopping block that is used to collide that the described grid of holding animal is positioned at the top of the chopping block that is used to collide on the pedestal.
7. according to claim 1 be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: be provided with altitude scale between the same side of described pedestal and upper support seat.
8. according to claim 1 be used to slow down hinder the device of causing injury of experimentation, it is characterized in that: the described device that is used for buffer deceleration is rubber blanket or car crass energy-absorbing with honeycomb aluminum pad.
9. method of making the deceleration wound model with the described device of causing injury of claim 1 is characterized in that:
Living animal is fixed on the coaster of the device of hindering research experiment of being used to slow down, holds the animal position of need causing injury with the carriage that is used to hold animal that stretches out coaster, chopping block is aimed at the position that animal need be caused injury;
Then coaster is promoted to the experiment desired height, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, perhaps the decrement of the compression spring that is provided with bottom the upper support seat is controlled the initial velocity that begins to fall, allow coaster along the guided way free falling, make animal position and the chopping block collision of need causing injury, coaster and the device collision that is used for buffer deceleration simultaneously are by the device control deceleration that is used for buffer deceleration, form need the cause injury deceleration damage at position of animal, obtain the wound model that slows down.
10. the method for making deceleration wound model according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: the described device control deceleration that is used for buffer deceleration, change the thickness of the device that is used for buffer deceleration according to the deceleration that experiment is required, and/or change the device that is used for buffer deceleration of different energy-absorbing materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102372751A CN101474099B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Injury-causing device for experimental investigation of deceleration injury and method for producing deceleration injury model |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102372751A CN101474099B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Injury-causing device for experimental investigation of deceleration injury and method for producing deceleration injury model |
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| CN101474099A true CN101474099A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101474099B CN101474099B (en) | 2010-08-18 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102411865A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-04-11 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第三附属医院 | Injury simulation device of combined injury in vehicle collision |
| CN103263306A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-08-28 | 中国人民解放军成都军区总医院 | Device for modeling craniocerebral impact injuries of small animals |
| CN107049544A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 中山大学附属第医院 | A kind of radices plexus brachialis damage closure animal model device and radices plexus brachialis damage detecting method |
| CN109717981A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-07 | 中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心 | A kind of guide tracked experimental rig of causing injury that slows down |
-
2008
- 2008-12-29 CN CN2008102372751A patent/CN101474099B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102411865A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-04-11 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第三附属医院 | Injury simulation device of combined injury in vehicle collision |
| CN103263306A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-08-28 | 中国人民解放军成都军区总医院 | Device for modeling craniocerebral impact injuries of small animals |
| CN103263306B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2015-06-24 | 中国人民解放军成都军区总医院 | Device for modeling craniocerebral impact injuries of small animals |
| CN107049544A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 中山大学附属第医院 | A kind of radices plexus brachialis damage closure animal model device and radices plexus brachialis damage detecting method |
| CN109717981A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-07 | 中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心 | A kind of guide tracked experimental rig of causing injury that slows down |
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| CN101474099B (en) | 2010-08-18 |
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