Background technology
In recent years, RFID (radio-frequency (RF) identification) uses more and more widely.RFID not only can replace general bar code at present, can also be applied in the logistic storage storehouse management, identification, communications and transportation, food medical treatment, the care of animal, the gate inhibition is antitheft and plurality of application scenes such as industrial military affairs, and, RFID goes for the abominable especially application scenarios of environmental baseline, so bring more facility for people's life.
Typical R FID system generally is made up of two parts, i.e. label (tag) and reader (reader).Label is the data carrier of rfid system, and it is label ID that each label has unique identification information.Label can be attached on the destination object, with the sign destination object.The main task of reader is to replying that label emission read command signal, reception label return, and decoding identification, then, decoded information transmission to background host computer, is handled for background host computer.
Wherein a kind of method of prior art is that tag recognition is carried out in the ALOHA anticollision recognition methods of adopting no time slot not have the many labels readings of termination.In this method, the label of reader in compass of competency send to activate (wake-up) order, and all labels that receive this wake-up order are activated, and postbacks self label ID to reader, and reader is then discerned this label if receive 1 label ID; If do not receive label ID, no discernible label in the compass of competency then is described, finish identification; If receive a plurality of label ID, then continue identification.Be presented in below in the reader identifying, label reply flow process:
As shown in Figure 1, label tag1, tag2 and tag3 are after the wake-up order (shown in Fig. 1 bend frame) that receives reader, postback label ID to reader, label postbacks in the label ID process, label ID transmission duration is by the width means of black surround among the figure, and in the application scenarios of a tag recognition, the transmission duration of label ID is generally identical.Under the situation shown in Figure 1, in the stage 1, postbacked label ID after having 3 labels to receive the wake-up order, after this, each label produces a random number, according to the random number that produces, obtain a random time and (reply spacing at interval, represent by the blank spaces length between the black surround of each label correspondence among Fig. 1), wait for that this replys spacing after, carry out postbacking of label ID once more; No matter whether label is identified, after postbacking later on, each label all produces one at random and replys spacing at every turn, through after this replys spacing, postbacks label ID once more, so repeatedly, up to reader send stop order till.
In the identifying of label, if postbacking, the label ID of each label bumps, then reader can not be discerned the label that bumps, if there be not the postbacking of label ID of label to bump with other label, then this label can successfully be discerned.Introduce the collision of the label in this identification process and be identified situation below in conjunction with Fig. 1, in the stage 1, because each label all is that order postbacks label ID according to wake-up, so each label postbacks the call duration time section of label ID and overlaps fully, tag1, tag2 and tag3 in the stage 1 full collision take place, and (overlapping fully as if the call duration time section that two labels postback label ID, promptly the zero-time when two tag responses equates (t
S1=t
S2) time, then claim these two labels to postback full collision takes place in the process in this time; And if have only the part among the ID overlapping, promptly as the zero-time of two tag responses t that satisfies condition
S1-t
ID<t
S2<t
S1+ t
ID, and t
S2≠ t
S1(t
IDBe label ID transmission duration) time, then claim these two labels to postback the part collision takes place in the process in this time.), tag1, tag2 and tag3 are after having transmitted the label ID of self, all produce one at random and reply spacing, in Fig. 1, tag3 to reply spacing the shortest, the response time of tag2 is the longest, and the response time of tag1 is placed in the middle, the situation of replying in formation stage 2: in the stage 2, the call duration time section that postbacks label ID of tag2 and tag1 and tag3 postback label ID call duration time section without any overlapping, this moment, tag2 can successfully be discerned, and the label ID call duration time section that postbacks of tag1 and tag3 overlaps, and promptly tag1 and tag3 postback at this partly collision has taken place in the process, tag1 and tag3 postback in the process at this, can not be identified.According to top description, in conjunction with Fig. 1 as can be known, in the stage 3, tag1, tag2 and the collision of tag3 two two parts; In the stage 4, tag1 partly collides with tag2 and tag3 respectively, and full collision takes place for tag2 and tag3.
In research and practice process to prior art, the inventor finds that there is following problem in prior art:
In the prior art, label is at every turn when reader postbacks label ID, all need to trigger randomizer and produce random number, produce at random according to the random number that produces and to reply spacing, carry out postbacking to reader the operation of label ID after the wait acknowledge spacing next time, trigger randomizer again and produce random number this moment, and only when all labels all are identified, label just stops to send label ID to reader, so it is many that label produces the number of times of random number, produce at random that number average can consume certain label energy and call the randomizer module at every turn, this is for the passive label in the ALOHA anticollision recognition methods of adopting no time slot not have to stop many labels readings, and the energy consumption of label is very high.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of radiofrequency signal identification, answer method and system, and label and reader are to reduce the energy consumption of label in the answering.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of radio-frequency signal answering method, comprising:
Receive activation command;
Postback tag identifier information according to described activation command, and produce the spacing of replying that tag identifier information postbacks at random;
Carry out tag identifier information and postback according to the described spacing of replying.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of radiofrequency signal recognition methods, comprising:
Label in compass of competency sends activation command, described activation command is used to trigger the label that receives this order and postbacks tag identifier information, and produce the spacing of replying that tag identifier information postbacks at random, carry out tag identifier information and postback according to the described spacing of replying;
Receive the tag identifier information that the label in the compass of competency postbacks, label is discerned;
If the identification situation satisfies the replacement condition, then the label in compass of competency sends activation command again.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of label, comprising:
Receiving element is used to receive control command;
Reply the spacing generation unit, be used for the activation command that receiving element receives, produce at random and reply spacing;
Transmitting element is used for the activation command that receives according to described receiving element, postbacks the label flag information; Carry out tag identifier information and postback according to the described spacing of replying.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of reader, comprising:
Transmitting element is used for transmitting control commands;
Recognition unit is used to receive the tag identifier information that the label that is activated postbacks, and according to the tag identifier information that receives label is discerned; The described label that is activated is the label that receives the activation command of described transmitting element transmission;
Control module is used for satisfying under the situation of replacement condition in the identification situation of described recognition unit, controls described transmitting element and resends activation command.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of radiofrequency signal recognition system, comprising:
Reader is used for sending activation command to the label of compass of competency, and the label ID that replys according to the label in the compass of competency discerns label, if satisfy under the situation of replacement condition in the identification situation, then the label in compass of competency sends activation command again;
Label is used for postbacking label ID according to the activation command that receives, and produces at random according to activation command and to reply spacing, carries out label ID and postbacks according to the described spacing of replying.
Above technical scheme as can be seen, the generation that label in the embodiment of the invention carries out postbacking of tag identifier information and replys spacing according to the activation command of reader, each activation command only produces at random for a label and once replys spacing, need not postback at every turn and all produce one at random behind the label flag information and reply spacing, save and produced the energy consumption of replying spacing and bringing at random.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of radio-frequency signal answering method, can reduce the energy consumption of label in the answering.
In the answering of the embodiment of the invention, label produces random number according to the wake-up command triggers, promptly receiving that a wake-up order only produces random number one time, utilize this random number to produce and reply spacing, after this after postbacking label ID at every turn, wait for that all this replys spacing, carry out next time that label ID postbacks operation, stop order or another time wake-up order up to receiving.
Seeing also Fig. 2, is the process flow diagram of embodiment of the invention radio-frequency signal answering method, comprises step:
Step 201, label receive the activation command of reader; Step 202, postback the identification information of label, and produce at random according to described activation command and to reply spacing according to described activation command;
Consult the stage 1 of Fig. 3, after label receives the wake-up order of reader, postback label ID to reader, in this stage, label receives the label ID that just sends self after wake-up orders, can think that the label that receives wake-up order sends the label ID of self simultaneously, when the label ID of each label transmission duration is identical, then as the situation of replying shown in the stage 1 of Fig. 3.
It is to be noted, whether the transmission duration that the embodiment of the invention does not limit label ID equates, by reading this paper, be to be understood that, whether label ID transmission duration equates not influence the technical matters that will solve embodiment provided by the invention, promptly in an embodiment of the present invention, suppose the equal generality of not losing the embodiment of the invention of transmission duration of each label ID.
For convenience of description, hereinafter equate to be that example describes with the label ID of each label transmission duration.
In the stage 1, each label sends label ID simultaneously, and it is overlapping fully to postback the call duration time section of label ID, and in this stage, full collision takes place for tag1, tag2 and tag3.In the prior art, the ID of label each time of label postbacks the generation that is accompanied by a random number, the spacing of replying of label is determined according to the random number that produces, and in embodiments of the present invention, each label produces random number according to the wake-up order that receives, produce according to random number and to reply spacing accordingly, and store this and reply spacing in order to calling, up to receive new wake-up order produce again new reply spacing and refresh original reply spacing till.As shown in Figure 3, the spacing of replying of the tag1 random number correspondence that order produces according to wake-up is T1; The spacing of replying of the tag2 random number correspondence that order produces according to wake-up is T2; The spacing of replying of the tag3 random number correspondence that order produces according to wake-up is T3.
Step 203, reply by the described spacing of replying;
Each label postbacks in the process at follow-up label ID, postbacked label ID at every turn after, wait for that this label replys spacing according to what wake-up order produced, postback label ID then again.As shown in Figure 3, tag1, tag2 and tag3 are receiving after wake-up order postbacks label ID, wait for respectively produce at random reply spacing T1, carrying out label ID once more after T2 and the T3 postbacks, after this, tag1 waits for that all the spacing of replying of T1 carries out next time that label ID postbacks at every turn after postbacking label ID.The situation of tag2 and tag3 is similar.Repeating step 202 and 203 stops order or new wake-up order up to receiving.
As shown in Figure 3, in the stage 2, the part collision takes place in tag1, tag2 and tag3 in twos, all can not be identified; In the stage 3, tag1 partly collides with tag2 and tag3 respectively, all can not be identified; In the stage 4, the part collision takes place in tag1 and tag3, can not be identified, and tag2 replys in (promptly postbacking label ID) process this stage, does not have other label and bumps with it, can be discerned by reader.Can see that each label can be discerned separately because of the accumulation of replying pitch difference each other after after a while as long as the spacing of replying that produces at random is not just the same (collision fully).
In an embodiment of the present invention, because the generation of random number rather than postbacks the generation that label ID will follow a random number by the wake-up command triggers in the passive label at every turn, so can reduce the energy consumption of label to a great extent.
In the recognition methods of the open-ended ALOHA anticollision of no time slot, label is in passive response status, label receives the order of reader, the action that responds according to the order of reader then, the action of label is simple, also simple with communicating by letter between the reader, the identification of label depends on the reader order, in view of this, for effectively controlling the label of replying with the radio-frequency signal answering method of embodiment of the invention proposition, the embodiment of the invention has proposed a kind of method of radiofrequency signal identification, as shown in Figure 4, comprises
Step 401, the reader label in compass of competency sends activation command;
When reader begins to discern, at first the label in compass of competency sends activation command, label in the compass of competency is according to activation command, label ID is postbacked to reader, and produce at random according to activation command and to reply spacing, after this, all reply, until receiving new activation command or stopping order by this spacing of replying that produces at random.
Step 402, reader receive the label ID that the label in the compass of competency postbacks, and label is discerned;
When receiving the label ID that a label postbacks, i.e. postbacking when not bumping in the process of certain label ID with postbacking of other labels ID, reader is discerned this label; When receiving the label ID that a plurality of labels postback, promptly these a plurality of labels are when postbacking of label ID bumps in the process, and reader can not be discerned these labels.
Step 403, if reader at the fixed time or fail correct identification label in the predetermined wrap count, then the label in compass of competency sends activation command again;
Postbacking in the process of label, random challenge time and label ID transmission duration all are the integral multiples of the t of minimum time unit, the described schedule time can and be replied spacing and determine according to label ID transmission duration, now analyze two label As, the situation of replying of B, with the reference of choosing as the described schedule time:
Consider that label ID transmission duration is k * t (k is a natural number), and two label As, during the label ID first time of B after producing the random challenge spacing for the first time replys, the time-interleaving of (k-1) * t takes place, the spacing of replying of supposing A is N * t (N is a natural number), the spacing of replying of B is (N+1) * t, then considers from response times, and A and B reply through k-1 time more respectively and then do not bump; Consider that reader can correctly be discerned A from the time after sending activation command [(k-1) * k+k * N] * t, after sending activation command [(k-1) * k+k * (N+1)] * t, can correctly discern B.
And in A and the B label ID first time after producing the random challenge spacing for the first time replys, if the time-interleaving that takes place is less than (k-1) * t, then only need still less label ID answer number of times and less time just can not to bump, be correctly validated, after so reader can be chosen at and send activation command [(k-1) * k+k * N] * t, if still fail correct identification label, then the label in compass of competency sends activation command again; In like manner,, fail correct identification label if in one period schedule time behind last once correct identification label, reader also again the label in compass of competency send activation command, to adjust the spacing of replying of each label, be beneficial to the identification of label.
Certainly, choosing of the schedule time can be self-defined by above-mentioned rule by the user, also can be by systemic presupposition, the setting of this schedule time has reflected wrong controlling grade desired in the tag recognition, i.e. do not have correct identification label in the schedule time, just thinks that label replys spacing improper (replying spacing produces wrong) according to what activation command produced, resend activation command, label is produced again reply spacing, thereby answering is adjusted, the control errorlevel according to Preset Time.
In addition, also can control the repeating transmission of wake-up order according to predetermined wrap count.Wrap count is the number of times of the poll of reader definition, and the time span of each poll is dynamic change, can change size along with the increase or the minimizing of number of tags, and enough remain its label of tag transmits ID.As shown in Figure 3, respectively corresponding poll of each stage, in this four-stage, reader is received the label ID that label postbacks continuously.Reader can be known the length of each poll, thereby can add up the number of times of poll.If in certain wrap count, all there is not label to be correctly validated, then can retransmit activation command, answering is adjusted.So, can set the repeating transmission that a predetermined wrap count is controlled the wake-up order, answering is adjusted, be beneficial to the identification of label.
Equally, this predetermined wrap count is also can be by the user self-defined as required or preestablished by system.
The radiofrequency signal recognition methods that the embodiment of the invention proposes, the label that utilizes activation command to trigger in the compass of competency produces the interval time that label ID replys at random, by activation command the identification of label is adjusted, because passive label need call randomizer when producing the random challenge spacing, this will expend certain energy, and in the method that present embodiment proposed, label in the reader compass of competency needn't carry out label ID at every turn and all produce at random after replying and reply spacing, has saved the label energy consumption.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of label, and as shown in Figure 5, this label comprises:
Receiving element 501 is used to receive control command;
Receiving element 501 receives the control command of reader, and control command comprises activation command, stops order etc.
Reply spacing generation unit 502, be used for the activation command that receives according to receiving element 501, produce at random and reply spacing;
The receiving element of label whenever receives activation command one time, replys spacing generation unit 502 and once replys spacing with regard to producing at random.
Transmitting element 503 is used for the activation command that receives according to described receiving element, postbacks label ID; Carry out tag identifier information and postback according to the described spacing of replying.
The activation command that the reader that transmitting element 503 receives according to receiving element 501 sends, postback label ID, the transmitting element 503 that is label is to be started by the activation command of reader to postback label ID's, and after each label ID postbacks end, wait for that the described spacing generation unit 502 of replying replys spacing according to what activation command produced at random, the label ID that carries out next time postbacks.
Further, above-mentioned transmitting element 503 can comprise:
Performance element is used to postback label ID;
Trigger element, be used for triggering described performance element and postback label ID according to the activation command that described receiving element 501 receives, and after described performance element postbacks label ID end, wait for the described spacing of replying that spacing generation unit 502 produces of replying, trigger described performance element and carry out label ID once more and postback.
Further, above-mentioned trigger element can comprise:
Enable the unit, be used for after described receiving element 501 receives activation command, making enable signal effective, after described receiving element receives the termination order, make described enable signal invalid;
Timing unit is used under the effective situation of described enable signal, opens clocking capability, under the invalid situation of described enable signal, closes clocking capability, and described clocking capability is: after described performance element postbacks label ID end, and the beginning reclocking;
Command unit, be used for the activation command that receives according to described receiving element 501, instruct described performance element to carry out that label ID postbacks or described timing unit timing to described reply that spacing generation unit 502 produces reply spacing the time, instruct described performance element to carry out label ID and postback.
In an embodiment of the present invention, label produces random number by the wake-up command triggers, rather than postbacks the generation that label ID will follow a random number at every turn, so can reduce the energy consumption of label to a great extent.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of reader, and as shown in Figure 6, this reader comprises:
Transmitting element 601 is used for transmitting control commands;
In the tag recognition process, the label of transmitting element 601 in compass of competency sends the wake-up order, and the label ID that the label that receives the wake-up order with activation carries out the aforesaid embodiment of the invention postbacks process; Label in compass of competency sends and stops order, to stop identification.
Recognition unit 602 is used to receive the label ID that the label that is activated postbacks, and according to the label ID that receives label is discerned; The described label that is activated is the label that receives the wake-up order of described transmitting element 601 transmissions;
Control module 603 is used for satisfying under the situation of replacement condition in the identification situation of described recognition unit 602, controls described transmitting element 601 and resends activation command.
Described reader also can comprise:
Setup unit 604 is used for determining the schedule time according to the spacing of replying of tag identifier information transmission duration and label, or preestablishes the described schedule time;
Accordingly, described control module 603 comprises:
Judging unit is used for judging whether have label to be correctly validated in the described schedule time;
Reset cell is used for instructing described transmitting element to resend activation command under the described judgment unit judges situation that no label is correctly validated in the described schedule time.
Perhaps, described reader also can comprise:
Setup unit 604 is used to set predetermined wrap count;
Accordingly, described control module 603 comprises:
Judging unit, whether be used to judge in described predetermined wrap count has label to be correctly validated;
Reset cell is used for instructing described transmitting element to resend activation command under the described judgment unit judges situation that no label is correctly validated in described predetermined wrap count.
The reader that the embodiment of the invention provides, the label that utilizes activation command to trigger in the compass of competency produces the interval time that label ID replys at random, by activation command the identification of label is adjusted, because passive label need expend certain energy when producing the random challenge spacing, and in the method that present embodiment proposed, label in the reader compass of competency needn't carry out label ID at every turn and all produce at random after replying and reply spacing, has saved the label energy consumption.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of recognition system of radiofrequency signal, and as shown in Figure 7, this system comprises:
Reader 70, be used for sending activation command to the label of compass of competency, the label ID that replys according to the label in the compass of competency discerns label, if satisfy under the situation of replacement condition in the identification situation, then the label in compass of competency sends activation command again;
Label 71 is used for postbacking label ID according to the activation command that receives, and produces at random according to activation command and to reply spacing, carries out label ID and postbacks according to the described spacing of replying.
In the radiofrequency signal recognition system that the embodiment of the invention provides, label 71 produces the spacing of replying that label ID postbacks according to the activation command of reader 70, later on each label ID postbacks and waits for that this replys spacing and postback next time, rather than each label ID produces at random after postbacking and replys spacing, avoided triggering in the answering at an activation command, label produces the problem of random number more than 71 time, thereby has reduced the energy consumption of label 71.
More than a kind of radiofrequency signal identification, answer method and system, label and reader that the embodiment of the invention provided are described in detail, for one of ordinary skill in the art, thought according to the embodiment of the invention, part in specific embodiments and applications all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.