CN101470174B - Accumulator monitoring equipment and method thereof - Google Patents
Accumulator monitoring equipment and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101470174B CN101470174B CN2007103070538A CN200710307053A CN101470174B CN 101470174 B CN101470174 B CN 101470174B CN 2007103070538 A CN2007103070538 A CN 2007103070538A CN 200710307053 A CN200710307053 A CN 200710307053A CN 101470174 B CN101470174 B CN 101470174B
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Abstract
An accumulator monitoring device comprises an excitation source comprising a waveform generator and a voltage control circuit which are serially connected to provide a constant current source; a gate unit with an input end and an output end, while the input end is connected with the output end of the excitation source for receiving excitation signal and the gate unit is used for outputting the excitation signal to an excited accumulator monomer or an accumulator group. The invention further comprises an accumulation monitoring method, comprising: (a) outputting an excitation signal; (b) gating the circuit between the excitation signal and the object accumulator monomer or accumulator group; (c) outputting the voltages at two ends of the excited accumulator monomer or accumulator group. The invention adopts an accumulator monitoring device formed by a waveform generator and a voltage control circuit, to control the cost and volume of the whole device, and the invention can avoid non-uniform measurement on measurement parameters via using single waveform generator and voltage control circuit, thereby realizing good effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of accumulator monitoring equipment and method.
Background technology
The applied more and more of accumulator aspect electric automobile, hybrid vehicle.What battery system generally adopted is the mode that is connected in series.The state deterioration of some cell batteries directly influences the whole capacity status of battery pack in battery pack, and the whole volume state that also is battery pack is by a certain or several the accumulator capacity decisions that deterioration state is the most serious in the system.So the state of accurately measuring each cell is to preventing that the battery pack fault from being necessary.
One Chinese patent application CN1975444A discloses a kind of accumulator internal resistance monitoring method and system; The disclosed technical scheme of this patented claim adopts structure as shown in Figure 1; Operate as follows: to the battery pack segmentation, wherein battery pack is connected with exciting unit through waypoint, both positive and negative polarity, and each accumulator all is connected with detecting unit; Comprise in the exciting unit that waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit are to inject the periodic signal of certain frequency to the accumulator in the segmentation; Utilize of the voltage responsive of each cell batteries of detecting unit test, calculate the internal resistance of accumulator, and analyze the deterioration state of accumulator thus for pumping signal.
The waveform generator of exciting unit and voltage-controlled circuit are selected according to the segments of battery pack in this patented claim, and battery pack is divided into two sections or multistage, and the quantity of said waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit can be from two to a plurality of.Can cause segmentation many more like this, waveform generator that needs and voltage-controlled circuit are also just many more, can increase the cost and the volume of system, and this cost and location arrangements for this device increases burden.And the performance of a plurality of waveform generators and voltage-controlled circuit also may not be consistent, and there are deviation in each waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit data measured.
Summary of the invention
To the conforming problem of cost, volume and measurement that above-mentioned two or more waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit brought, the present invention provides a kind of accumulator monitoring equipment that uses single waveform generator and single voltage-controlled circuit.
The invention discloses a kind of accumulator monitoring equipment; This equipment comprises driving source, and said driving source comprises the waveform generator and the voltage-controlled circuit of series connection, and waveform generator is used to produce pumping signal; Voltage-controlled circuit is used for said pumping signal shaping; Wherein, said waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit are one, and this monitoring equipment also comprises the strobe unit with input end and output terminal; The input end of this strobe unit is connected to the output terminal of said driving source and receives said pumping signal, and said strobe unit is used for said pumping signal is outputed to battery cell or the electric battery that is energized
A kind of accumulator monitoring method, this method comprises: (a) produce pumping signal; (b) to said pumping signal shaping and output; Wherein, this method also comprises: (c) pumping signal after the gating shaping and the battery cell that will encourage or the path between the electric battery; Wherein produce the waveform generator of said pumping signal and the voltage-controlled circuit of the middle shaping pumping signal of step (b) in the step (a) and be one.
Because accumulator monitoring equipment provided by the invention adopts a waveform generator and a voltage-controlled circuit as driving source; Make driving source be electrically connected with each battery cell or each electric battery respectively through strobe unit; Respectively each battery cell or each electric battery are encouraged; Because the minimizing of waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit number; Make that the cost and the volume of whole accumulator monitoring equipment are all controlled, and waveform generator and a voltage-controlled circuit have been avoided also the disunity of measurement parameter is measured.Accumulator monitoring equipment provided by the invention has reached good effect thus.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an accumulator monitoring device structure block diagram of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of driving source in the accumulator monitoring equipment provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is an accumulator monitoring device structure block diagram provided by the invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, the invention discloses a kind of accumulator monitoring equipment, this equipment comprises driving source; Said driving source comprises the waveform generator and the voltage-controlled circuit of series connection; Waveform generator is used to produce pumping signal, and voltage-controlled circuit is used for converting pumping signal to constant current source and output, wherein; Said waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit are one; This monitoring equipment also comprises the strobe unit with input end and output terminal, and the input end of this strobe unit is connected to the output terminal of said driving source and receives said pumping signal, and said strobe unit is used for said pumping signal is outputed to battery cell or the electric battery that is energized.
This accumulator monitoring equipment also comprises: sampling apparatus, this sampling apparatus are used for the voltage output with battery cell that is energized or electric battery two ends; Filter, this filter are used for the DC component filtering with the output voltage at battery cell or electric battery two ends, and the output AC component; Effective value translation circuit, this effective value translation circuit are used for the AC compounent of filter output is converted to the effective value of voltage; Phase-comparison circuit, this phase-comparison circuit are used for the phase place of the voltage of the phase place of the voltage of filter output and driving source is compared, and draw both phase differential; And controller; This controller is used for controlling respectively strobe unit with the output of driving source and battery cell or the electric battery conducting that is energized; The control sampling apparatus is with battery cell or electric battery and filter conducting; The battery cell that this controller also is energized according to the effective value and the said phase difference calculating of said voltage or the internal resistance of electric battery, and judge according to the internal resistance that calculates whether this battery cell or electric battery be qualified.Wherein, said controller also be used for when the internal resistance that calculate be Europe, 0.5 Europe-0.6, judge that this battery cell or electric battery are qualified, otherwise judge that this battery cell or electric battery are defective.
Said filter can be the capacitance C among Fig. 3, can also be general low-pass filter etc.
As shown in Figure 2; Said driving source comprises a waveform generator and a voltage-controlled circuit; Wherein said waveform generator is for sending the AWG of periodic waveform; As can form waveform generator circuit or the like with chip LM258, the waveform that is sent can be sine wave, square wave or triangular wave or the like; Said voltage-controlled circuit can be that to be used for voltage transitions be the circuit of electric current, is circuit field circuit commonly used, and the rated current of the constant current source of output is preferably 100mA～200mA as a kind of embodiment.
Owing to used a waveform generator and a voltage-controlled circuit; Therefore the present invention also need utilize strobe unit to come each exciting current path between gating driving source and battery cell or electric battery, and said exciting current path is meant the complete loops that driving source and each battery cell or each electric battery constitute.Said strobe unit can be a switches set, and for example the anode at each battery cell connects a switch to form switches set, selects corresponding with it one road exciting current path through closed each switch.Strobe unit can also be that sheet selects chip, and chip is selected in said of said controller control.The preferred mode that adopts sheet to select chip, its benefit are to save number of switches, and the assurance circuit is stablized and is easy to by the controller control operation.Select in the embodiment of chip at sheet, said strobe unit comprises that sheet selects the switch of chip (like 3-8 code translator, 4-16 code translator) and driving battery cell or electric battery.Sheet selects chip to be used for the said exciting current path of gating, and said switch can be metal-oxide-semiconductor, light metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay etc., and said switch is used to bear the big electric current of the constant current source of driving source output, and said big electric current can be 100mA～200mA.Said is selected the control of chip and the controlled device of switch to come conducting and shutoff.
At strobe unit is that sheet selects in the embodiment of chip; Situation about being connected with battery cell at strobe unit; The contact place of connecting between every adjacent two battery cells has a sample line of selecting the output terminal of chip to link to each other with sheet, and the both positive and negative polarity of two battery cells at battery pack two ends has a sample line of selecting the output terminal of chip to link to each other with sheet respectively, like this concerning n battery cell; Need with n+1 root sample line, two sample line and between battery cell formation exciting current path.Like hypothesis 100 batteries monomers are arranged; This 100 batteries monomer can come gating through 13 3-8 decoder chips; 13 3-8 code translators are connected to driving source through 1 4-16 decoder chip, and wherein selecting sheet to select which output terminal of chip is to select the control of chip to bring in realization by the controller control strip as output.To realize excitation to any one cell.
At strobe unit is that sheet selects in the embodiment of chip; Situation about being connected with electric battery at strobe unit; As can be divided into 10 electric battery to 100 batteries monomers; The contact place of between the adjacent cell group, connecting like this has a sample line of selecting the output terminal of chip to link to each other with sheet, and the both positive and negative polarity of two electric battery at battery pack two ends has a sample line of selecting the output terminal of chip to link to each other with sheet respectively, can significantly reduce the quantity that sample line and sheet select chip like this; As be divided into the situation of 10 electric battery at 100 batteries monomers; These 10 electric battery can be come gating through 2 3-8 decoder chips, and 2 3-8 decoder chips can be connected to driving source through another 3-8 decoder chip, and wherein selecting sheet to select which output terminal of chip is to select the control of chip to bring in realization by the controller control strip as output.Driving source encourages each batteries in battery set monomer simultaneously, and this can further simplify circuit, conserve space.
Said sampling apparatus has input end and output terminal; The input end of said sampling apparatus is connected with each battery cell or electric battery to be monitored, and the output terminal of sampling apparatus is electrically connected with capacitance C to export the response of each battery cell internal resistance to driving source through this capacitance C.Similar with strobe unit, sampling apparatus can be a switches set, and for example the anode at each battery cell connects a switch to form switches set, selects corresponding with it one road sample rate current path through closed each switch.Sampling apparatus can also be that sheet selects chip, and chip is selected in said of said controller control.The preferred mode that adopts sheet to select chip, its benefit are to save number of switches, and the assurance circuit is stablized and is easy to by the controller control operation.
At sampling apparatus is that sheet selects in the embodiment of chip; Between every adjacent two battery cells the contact place of (or electric battery) series connection have one with sampling apparatus in the sheet sample line of selecting the input end of chip to link to each other; The both positive and negative polarity of two battery cells at battery pack two ends have respectively one with sampling apparatus in the sheet sample line of selecting the input end of chip to link to each other; Like this concerning n battery cell, need with n+1 root sample line, two sample line with between the battery cell formation path of sampling.Like hypothesis 100 batteries monomers are arranged; This 100 batteries monomer can be imported the input end of 13 3-8 decoder chips; The output terminal of 13 3-8 code translators is connected to the input end of 1 4-16 decoder chip, and wherein selecting sheet to select which input end of chip is to select the control of chip to bring in realization by the controller control strip as input.The output terminal of this 4-16 decoder chip is as the output terminal of sampling apparatus, to realize the output to the driving voltage on any one cell.
Voltage on the battery cell comprises the DC voltage and the alternating voltage that receives the driving source excitation of himself.Wherein the internal resistance of battery cell (or electric battery) can realize the alternating voltage of the response of driving source through test battery monomer (or electric battery); Measuring internal resistance mainly is that the performance of battery itself is monitored; If find that a certain batteries monomer internal resistance becomes greatly then explain that the battery cell performance descends, and can do corresponding processing as changing this battery cell etc.Internal resistance computing method of the present invention can adopt the computing method of ac-current inject method (sine), according to following formula:
Wherein, Z is a negative impedance, V
oAnd I
sBe the effective value of driving voltage, wherein obtain, send, can be the determined value among 100mA～200mA, also can be maximal value V as above-mentioned from driving source itself through the effective value translation circuit
OmaxAnd I
SmaxBecause Z=r+jX, r is impedance again, i.e. the internal resistance of our battery cell that need obtain, and X is capacitive reactance, according to r=|Z|cos α, can calculate the internal resistance of battery cell.
Said effective value voltage also will carry out bit comparison mutually and draw phase differential α with original driving source, the phase bit comparison is carried out at phase-comparison circuit.Said phase-comparison circuit can also can be realized with circuit with chip; A kind of circuit of phase bit comparison is provided as a kind of embodiment: the output of ac-excited voltage responsive and driving source (being constant current source) is respectively through a zero-crossing comparator; Zero-crossing comparator overturns in succession when the two rising edge arrives respectively; Can realize upset record constantly with XOR circuit; Utilize promptly can calculate phase differential α two mistimings between upset constantly, said calculating can be counted to obtain this phase differential α this mistiming through the counter in the controller.The phase differential α that obtains is stored in the controller.
Accumulator monitoring equipment of the present invention can also comprise display unit; Information such as the calculating internal resistance described in the preceding text, phase differential and monitoring quantity, monitoring time can send to said display unit through controller and show that display unit can be a LCD etc.
Accurate for what measure, accumulator pick-up unit of the present invention can also comprise the amplifying circuit and second filtering circuit that connects in order, and the said amplifying circuit and second filtering circuit are connected between capacitance C and the effective value translation circuit.Said voltage is sent into the effective value translation circuit through the amplifying circuit and second filtering circuit after through capacitance C, and the effective value voltage that obtains is sent into controller and calculated.Said AD sample circuit can be independent sampling module or the AD sampling channel on the controller, preferably adopts the AD sampling channel on the controller, and such benefit is to simplify circuit.Said amplifying circuit amplifies the alternating voltage of exciter response, and said second filtering circuit carries out filtering to the alternating voltage of exciter response, is the common circuit of this area.
Accumulator monitoring equipment of the present invention is except internal resistance that can the test battery monomer, DC voltage that can also test battery monomer self.Accumulator monitoring equipment of the present invention also comprises voltage collection circuit, and this circuit is connected electrically between sampling apparatus and the controller.This voltage collection circuit is sampled to the voltage of battery cell.The DC voltage of battery cell self generally is 3.3V; And the excitation alternating voltage generally less than 0.01V, alternating voltage does not affect 1% to DC voltage, almost can ignore; Therefore, the voltage of the battery cell of voltage collection circuit sampling can be regarded as the DC voltage of himself.The DC voltage of battery cell self can reflect the security performance of battery, when the DC voltage brownout, battery cell is charged, and stops charging during voltage saturation, and said measurement can be carried out also can carrying out respectively with internal resistance measurement simultaneously.
The connection situation of accumulator monitoring equipment of the present invention between can also test battery group body, for example the resistance (this resistance R is the equivalent resistance of the connection metal material between the electric battery body) through the resistance R shown in the test pattern 3 is to reflect the connection situation between the electric battery body.If should equivalence resistance to the driving voltage response greatly then explanation is should the equivalence resistance big, explain that the inclusion connection is in bad order; It is should equivalence resistance little to respond little then explanation, explain that inclusion connects situation better (equivalent resistance R=voltage responsive/electric current).Measurement should equivalence resistance with to measure battery cell or electric battery internal resistance method identical, can measure as adding two leads respectively at each electric battery two ends.
Said controller preferably has the controller of AD, realizes counting cell internal resistance and functions such as control strobe unit and sampling apparatus, can select microprocessor chip LPC2194 as a kind of embodiment, can also be chips such as other single-chip microcomputer or DSP.Said controller is controlled entire cell internal resistance measurement circuit; For example control driving source the sheet of waveform, battery cell that control strobe unit gating will encourage or electric battery, the control sampling apparatus that will send select the battery cell that CE need be sampled, AD sampling channel (obtaining the driving voltage amplitude) sum counter and the counting cell internal resistance of controlling self, have controller general input and output and control function.
Describe this accumulator monitoring equipment above in detail, the method for work of this accumulator monitoring equipment will be described below.
Voltage after the output is through sampling apparatus; By this voltage of sampling apparatus output; At this moment voltage contains the battery cell that is energized or the DC voltage of electric battery itself is a DC component, and also containing the battery cell that is energized or electric battery internal resistance is AC compounent to the response of pumping signal.Can calculate the battery cell that is energized or the internal resistance of electric battery through AC compounent, reflect by this internal resistance whether battery cell or electric battery that this is energized be normal.Voltage through after the output (comprises DC component and AC compounent; But because AC compounent is very little; Can ignore when in real time detecting voltage) also can reflect other performance (magnitude of voltage through monitoring battery cell or electric battery can be monitored battery in real time, prevents that super-charge super-discharge from damaging battery) of battery cell that this is energized or electric battery when battery charging and discharging.At last, monitoring result is shown, so that the monitoring personnel recognize monitoring result.
Accumulator monitoring method of the present invention comprises: (a) produce pumping signal; (b) to said pumping signal shaping and output; Wherein, this method also comprises: (c) pumping signal after the gating shaping and the battery cell that will encourage or the path between the electric battery; Wherein produce the waveform generator of said pumping signal and the voltage-controlled circuit of the middle shaping pumping signal of step (b) in the step (a) and be one.This method also comprises: (d) voltage at battery cell that is energized or electric battery two ends is exported.This method also comprise following at least one: (e1) with the DC component filtering of the output voltage at battery cell or electric battery two ends, and the output AC component; The AC compounent of output converts the effective value of voltage to; The phase place of the voltage of the output of the effective value phase place of voltage and driving source (in voltage-controlled circuit) is compared, draw both phase differential; The battery cell that is energized according to the effective value and the said phase difference calculating of said voltage or the internal resistance of electric battery; Judge according to the internal resistance that calculates whether battery cell or electric battery be qualified; (e2) gather the battery cell be energized or the voltage at electric battery two ends.This method comprises that also (f) shows the result who calculates in step (e1) and/or the step (e2).
Claims (13)
1. accumulator monitoring equipment; This equipment comprises driving source, and said driving source comprises the waveform generator and the voltage-controlled circuit of series connection, and waveform generator is used to produce pumping signal; Voltage-controlled circuit is used for converting pumping signal to constant current source and output; Wherein, said waveform generator and voltage-controlled circuit are one, and this monitoring equipment also comprises the strobe unit with input end and output terminal; The input end of this strobe unit is connected to the output terminal of said driving source and receives said pumping signal, and said strobe unit is used for said pumping signal is outputed to battery cell or the electric battery that is energized.
2. accumulator monitoring equipment according to claim 1, wherein, this accumulator monitoring equipment also comprises:
Sampling apparatus, this sampling apparatus are used for the voltage output with battery cell that is energized or electric battery two ends;
Filter, this filter are used for the DC component filtering with the output voltage at battery cell or electric battery two ends, and the output AC component;
Effective value translation circuit, this effective value translation circuit are used for the AC compounent of filter output is converted to the effective value of voltage;
Phase-comparison circuit, this phase-comparison circuit are used for the phase place of the voltage of the phase place of the voltage of filter output and driving source output is compared, and draw both phase differential;
Controller; This controller is used for controlling respectively strobe unit with the output of driving source and battery cell or the electric battery conducting that is energized; And the control sampling apparatus is with battery cell or electric battery and filter conducting; The battery cell that this controller also is energized according to the effective value and the said phase difference calculating of said voltage or the internal resistance of electric battery, and judge according to the internal resistance that calculates whether this battery cell or electric battery be qualified.
3. accumulator monitoring equipment according to claim 2, wherein, said controller also be used for when the internal resistance that calculate be Europe, 0.5 Europe-0.6, judge that this battery cell or electric battery are qualified, otherwise judge that this battery cell or electric battery are defective.
4. accumulator monitoring equipment according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, said strobe unit is a switches set.
5. accumulator monitoring equipment according to claim 2, wherein, said filter is a capacitance.
6. accumulator monitoring equipment according to claim 2, wherein, said strobe unit is that sheet selects chip, said controller also selects the control end of chip to be electrically connected with said, selects the gating of chip with control strip.
7. accumulator monitoring equipment according to claim 2; Wherein, This accumulator monitoring equipment also comprises voltage collection circuit, and this voltage collection circuit is connected electrically between sampling apparatus and the controller, is used to gather the battery cell that is energized or the voltage at electric battery two ends.
8. accumulator monitoring equipment according to claim 2, wherein, this accumulator monitoring equipment also comprises display unit, said controller also is electrically connected with this display unit, with control display unit output monitoring result.
9. accumulator motivational techniques that are used for accumulator monitoring, this method comprises:
(a) produce pumping signal;
(b) convert said pumping signal to constant current source and output;
Wherein, this method also comprises:
(c) pumping signal after the gating shaping and the battery cell that will encourage or the path between the electric battery;
Wherein produce the waveform generator of said pumping signal and the voltage-controlled circuit of the middle shaping pumping signal of step (b) in the step (a) and be one.
10. motivational techniques according to claim 9, this method also comprises:
(d) voltage at battery cell that is energized or electric battery two ends is exported.
11. an accumulator monitoring method comprises motivational techniques according to claim 10, wherein, after steps d, among further comprising the steps of e1 of this monitoring method and the e2 at least one:
(e1) with the DC component filtering of the output voltage at battery cell or electric battery two ends, and the output AC component; The phase place of the voltage that phase place and the voltage-controlled circuit of the AC compounent of output are exported compares, and draws both phase differential; The AC compounent of output converts the effective value of voltage to; Calculate the battery cell that is energized or the internal resistance of electric battery according to the effective value of said phase differential and said voltage; Judge according to the internal resistance that calculates whether battery cell or electric battery be qualified;
(e2) gather the battery cell be energized or the voltage at electric battery two ends.
12. accumulator monitoring method according to claim 11, wherein, in the step (e1) when the internal resistance that calculate be Europe, 0.5 Europe-0.6, judge that this battery cell or electric battery are qualified, otherwise judge that this battery cell or electric battery are defective.
13. accumulator monitoring method according to claim 11, wherein, this method also comprises:
(f) result that obtains of step display (e1) and/or step (e2).
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| CN102262184B (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2013-02-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Online storage battery internal resistance detector and internal resistance detection method |
| CN102621498B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-09-17 | 北京亚安新能航天科技有限公司 | Online monitoring system for variable-pitch battery pack of wind-driven generator |
| CN103336246B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-08-24 | 深圳市普禄科智能检测设备有限公司 | Storage battery monitoring device and method |
| CN104155611B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-01-18 | 清华大学 | Alternating-current impedance analytical method of electrochemical energy storage device and analytical method of working state of electrochemical energy storage device |
| CN105277792A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-01-27 | 深圳国安电气科技开发有限公司 | On-line measurement method for internal resistance of lithium battery |
| CN107505494B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2020-02-14 | 宝沃汽车（中国）有限公司 | Method and device for collecting voltage of single power supply |
| CN108008318A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 | Monitoring system applied to battery status in online storage battery group |
| CN110940926A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Online test system for impedance spectrum of power battery of electric automobile |
| CN110888075A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-03-17 | 芜湖天量电池系统有限公司 | Measuring circuit and method for internal resistance of battery monomer in power battery box |
| DE102020215243B4 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-05-11 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Device for monitoring battery cells in a battery string in the idle state |
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