CN101468593A - Integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile - Google Patents
Integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-rotor motor-planet row integrated body adopting two rotors capable of freely rotating around a central shaft to be combined with a single row or a plurality of rows of planet gear mechanisms through mechanical connection, wherein one rotor of the integrated body is connected with an engine, and simultaneously the other rotor is mechanically connected with a planet row; the engine is connected with a motor magnetic flux linkage through the rotor; and an electronic controller not only is connected with the rotors but also is electrically connected with the engine through a slip ring and a circuit interface, so as to form a main architecture of an infinitely automatic variable speed drive unit. Due to saving of a flywheel, a clutch, a starter, a generator, a hydrodynamic torque converter of an AT and a complex hydraulic control system, the double-rotor motor-planet row integrated body has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, high efficiency, easy manufacture and low cost, can realize mixed superposition of power at various speeds, has wide speed regulating range, makes the engine and a battery unit always in the optimal operating state, has low oil consumption and small pollution discharge of a whole vehicle, and can realize eight working modes such as independent oil drive, independent electric drive, combination drive of oil and electricity, and braking/downslope energy recovery.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile.
The stepless hydraulic automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter AT that modern intermediate car adopts, because it is its driving efficiency is low, oil consumption is big, it is difficult to make, cost is high, existing now by trend that CVT and AMT replaced.But because of all failing fundamentally to solve, CVT and AMT adopt the problems referred to above that continuously variable automatic transmission brought, so, on intermediate car, do not obtain to be extensive use of.Especially in world's energy shortage, energy-saving and emission-reduction cry surging today, the mixed power electric car that arises at the historic moment just must be examined this again closely and how be adopted stepless automatic transmission driving device.
Different with the method for attachment of mechanical transmission because of the electrical motor of mixed power electric car, the performance of the speed-changing driving device that forms has very big-difference.Contained according to " modern electric vehicle engineering " chapter 3 that the old clear spring of member of Chinese Academy of Engineering etc. is write: at present, world's mixed power electric car has 4 kinds by driving engine and the classification of electrical motor connection mode function, wherein, tandem, parallel, series parallel type and combined type are arranged.These 4 kinds of modes, because of between driving engine and the driving motor all without any the contacting directly of form, though many advantages are arranged, still have the system architecture redundancy, the anxiety of the not high deficiency of efficient.If will realize stepless automatic transmission, also must increase new transmission system, cost is further increased.
In November, 1999, the Insight car of Japanese honda company exploitation listing, it replaces flywheel and engine crankshaft to be mechanical connection with a rotor of electrical motor, fixed stator then is magnetic linkage with driving engine and is connected, impose the circuit that is connected with electronic controller again, constitute new mixed power automobile driving system.Insight is that the function of flywheel, starter, electrical generator is integrated, and with the magnetic linkage connection mode with electrical motor and driving engine disjunctor.These are different fully with aforementioned 4 kinds of modes, should belong to new the 5th kind of mode that can be described as integrated form.Obviously, its advantage be compact conformation, in light weight, function is many, cost is low, but, though electrical motor and driving engine have the disjunctor relation of magnetic linkage, can pass through the electronic controller controls rotor, control engine behavior indirectly, be the constant speed stack but owing to motor/generator mixes with the power of driving engine, limited the performance of motor characteristic, system parameter optimization interval is affected, and its speed adjustable range is narrow, can not make driving engine be in efficacious workaround all the time, more can not realize stepless automatic transmission, power claims that this dynamic mixing stacking pattern is low integrated-type.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of efficient height, speed adjustable range broadness, each fast power to mix stack, optimization system parameter matching to a greater extent, make driving engine, motor, battery pack etc. always work in optimum regime, oil consumption and discharging reach minimum, and when realizing stepless automatic transmission, can also realize oil, electric independent drive and oily electric combination drive and braking/multiple mode of operations such as descending energy recovery.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention has adopted 2 can be double-rotor machine-planet row type conglomerate that mechanical connection is formed around birotor and the combination of single row or multiple rows sun and planet gear that the motor center axle rotates freely.Rotor of conglomerate and driving engine siamesed are simultaneously, and be the same with another rotor, mechanical connection planet row, and driving engine is connected with the motor magnetic linkage by this rotor.Power inverter, electronic controller and bus, battery pack etc. not only are connected by being fixed in slip ring on the motor power assembly shell, circuit interface and the motor 1 or 2 rotor electricity, but also realize directly that with driving engine electric power is connected.The main framework of so just having formed the stepless automatic transmission driving device matrix.
For solving above-mentioned task, integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile of the present invention, the motor of forming by second rotor of first rotor of charged pivot iron core and winding and band permanent magnet and the birotor that can rotate around center shaft, slip ring etc. by 2DOF, with comprise several drgs, several free-wheel clutchs and ordinary clutch interior, there is the above planet row mechanism combination of 2DOF or 2DOF to be mechanical connection, forms double-rotor machine-planet and arrange in a row adult; First rotor of motor removes the prolongation axis by bent axle, pass second rotor matrix center of gyration hollow axle tube, outside a certain element mechanical connection in the planet row mechanism combination three element, also substitute the flywheel of driving engine, power-transfer clutch, by bent axle and engine mechanical disjunctor, second rotor is except that with planet row mechanism combination machinery is connected, also being magnetic linkage by aforementioned first rotor with driving engine is connected, for the FF drive form, the planet row mechanism combination that double-rotor machine-planet is arranged in a row adult again with the diff mechanical connection, thereby form the motor power assembly of double-rotor machine-planet row mechanism combination-diff one.The housing component of motor power assembly and motor body mechanical connection, and form driving engine-electric machine mixed power assembly jointly.Slip ring and circuit interface by the motor power assembly shell, arrange in a row motor and several drgs, several free-wheel clutchs and ordinary clutch etc. in the adult with double-rotor machine-planet, directly be electric power and be connected together with driving engine with power inverter, electronic controller and bus, battery pack, driving engine and the power of motor mix stack in double-rotor machine-planet is arranged in a row adult after, export to transmission shaft by diff, finally be passed to drive wheels.The motor power assembly constitutes integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile with power inverter, electronic controller and bus, battery pack etc.This device is double-rotor machine-planet row type integrated form;
As another embodiment of the present invention, motor in described double-rotor machine-planet row type conglomerate, before being arranged on the combination of planet row mechanism, also can be arranged on after the combination of planet row mechanism, can also be arranged between the combination of 2 planets row mechanisms, and with 1 or 2 element mechanical connections of planet row;
As the 3rd kind of embodiment of the present invention, when automobile adopts the FR drive form, diff is moved in the rear axle drive axle in the motor power assembly, the motor power assembly only is made up of double-rotor machine-planet row mechanism, and its takeoff output arranges one of element by the planet of planet row mechanism combination or rotor is finished;
As the 4th kind of embodiment of the present invention, rotor of clutch end at described motor, power intake with the motor of being made up of second rotor of first rotor of charged pivot iron core and winding and band permanent magnet and the birotor that can be rotated around center shaft by 2DOF, slip ring etc. is mechanical connection again, is composed in series 2 or a plurality of double-rotor machine conglomerate.The motor power assembly that is made of this conglomerate is formed integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile with power inverter, electronic controller and bus, battery pack etc.This device is many motors of birotor type integrated form;
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, the engine crankshaft of clutch end can be arranged 1-2 element mechanical connection in the mechanism combination with planet, or be connected with 1-2 rotor mechanical of motor;
As another kind of improvement the of the present invention, for described double-rotor machine can be magneto-electric machine or excitation electromotor, permanent magnet or excitation winding and iron core can be on first rotors, also can be on second rotor, and corresponding another rotor is winding coil and iron core.When 2 rotors all adopt winding coil and core structure, must Duo slip ring of employing during permanent magnet rotor than band.
Can be operated under the electric motor mode for described double-rotor machine, also can be operated under the generator mode, when stepless automatic transmission is finished in planet row mechanism's combination and driving engine co-ordination, realize oil, electric independent drive and oily electric combination drive and braking/multiple mode of operations such as descending energy recovery.Its mode switch and speed-regulating function are by power inverter, electronic controller and realizations such as bus, battery pack thereof.
Power inverter adopts topological structures such as PWM or inversion to finish by IGBT or GTO equipower device; Electronic controller is made of microprocessor or DPS and various softwares etc.; Battery pack can adopt lead-acid battery, Ni-MH battery, lithium cell, fuel cell etc.
With control signals such as throttle opening, brake pedal position, speed change gear, engine speed or speed of a motor vehicle input electronic controller, realize the control and the switching of stepless automatic transmission and various type of drive.
Because the present invention adopts double-rotor machine-planet row type motor power assembly, not only as Insight, save flywheel, starter, electrical generator, also saved former car power-transfer clutch, adopt more stepless automatic turbine transformer AT relatively, because of double-rotor machine itself is exactly a tor-con, not only save turbine transformer and complicated hydraulic control system among the AT, also can realize stepless automatic transmission equally, make manufacturing greatly easy, integral vehicle cost has more decline; Again because structure is more compact, axial dimension is littler, in light weight, so can effectively offset-part is because of the complete vehicle weight that adopts motor, power inverter, electronic controller and battery pack etc. and brought and the increase of cost, and is particularly favourable for the FF transverse engine arrangement that car generally adopts; All arrange mechanical connection because of 2 rotors of motor again with planet, make method of designing, control policy and select degree of freedom to increase, can realize under each speed that power mixes stack, event is the optimization system parameter matching to a greater extent, make speed adjustable range broader, make driving engine, electrical motor and battery pack be in optimum Working all the time in phase.Because system effectiveness improves, so car load oil consumption reduction, blowdown reduce.
Adopt double-rotor machine, not only that flywheel, power-transfer clutch, starter, electrical generator, tor-con, power coupler is all multi-functional integrated, and can also the entity implementation structure of driving engine, electrical motor, the combination of planet row mechanism, diff is integrated, when finishing stepless automatic transmission, finish oil, electric independent drive and oily electric combination drive and braking/multiple mode of operations such as descending energy recovery.Power claims that this dynamic mixing stacking pattern is the height integrated-type.
Below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments the present invention is done further detail explanation.
Fig. 1 presses driving engine and motor connection mode classification feature block diagram for mixed power electric car;
Fig. 2 is a FF drive form transverse engine integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile functional schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is double-rotor machine-planet row type and many motors of birotor type conglomerate partial schematic sectional view;
Fig. 4 is a FR drive form integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile partial cutaway structure diagram;
Fig. 5 is the local sketch that amplifies for brake structural B-B among Fig. 4 analyses and observe.
Fig. 6 is 8 kinds of mode of operation functional block diagrams of integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile.
Among Fig. 1, B is a battery pack, and E is a combustion engine, and F is a fuel tank, and G is an electrical generator, and M is a driving motor, M
0Be another electrical motor, P is a power converter, P
0Be another power converter, T is driving device (comprising drg, power-transfer clutch, gear case).For (5) among Fig. 1-(6), M
ZBe rotor, M
dBe stator, M
1, M
2Be 2 rotors, T
0Be another driving device (comprising drg, power-transfer clutch, gear case and diff); Among the figure, heavy line is that electric power connects, and fine line is that liquid stream connects, and double solid line is a mechanical connection.(1)-(4) are in the contained classification of comparatively generally acknowledging of background technology " modern electric vehicle engineering " book among the figure; (5) be the classification feature block diagram of Insight known configurations; (6) be classification feature block diagram of the present invention, 1 is the motor power assembly among the figure, and 2 is electricity interface.Its rotor M
2Constitute by permanent magnet.Constitute if it is excitation winding and iron core, then have electric power to be connected in interface 2; Doublet is that magnetic linkage connects in figure (5)-(6).
Among Fig. 2 by first rotor M of charged pivot iron core and winding
1Second rotor M with the band permanent magnet
2And the motor M that the birotor that can be rotated around center shaft by 2DOF, slip ring 7 etc. are formed
1-M
2, and comprise several drgs D, several free-wheel clutchs C
0, C
3With ordinary clutch C
1, C
2Interior, there is the above planet row mechanism combination 8 or 9 of 2DOF or 2DOF to be mechanical connection, form double-rotor machine-planet and arrange in a row adult.Rotor M
1Remove prolongation axis 10, pass rotor M by bent axle 14
2Matrix center of gyration hollow axle tube outside a certain element mechanical connection in planet row mechanism combination 8 or 9 three element, also substitutes flywheel, the power-transfer clutch of driving engine 13, by bent axle 14 and driving engine 13 mechanical disjunctors, rotor M
2Except that making up 8 or 9 mechanical connections, also by rotor M with planet row mechanism
1Being magnetic linkage with driving engine 13 is connected, for the FF drive form, the planet row mechanism combination 8 or 9 that double-rotor machine-planet is arranged in a row adult again with diff 11 mechanical connections, thereby form the motor power assembly 1 of double-rotor machine-planet row mechanism combination-diff one.The housing component 15 and the driving engine 13 housing mechanical connections of motor power assembly 1, and form driving engine-electric machine mixed power assembly jointly.By the slip ring 7 and the circuit interface 2 of motor power assembly shell component 15, arrange in a row motor M in the adult with double-rotor machine-planet
1-M
2And several drgs D, several free-wheel clutchs C
0, C
3With ordinary clutch C
1, C
2Deng, directly be connected driving engine 13 and motor M together with power inverter 16, electronic controller and bus 17,18 one-tenth electric power of battery pack with driving engine 13
1-M
2Power in double-rotor machine-planet is arranged in a row adult, mix the stack after, export to transmission shaft 12,19 by diff 11, finally be passed to drive wheels 20, motor power assembly 1 constitutes integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile with power inverter 16, electronic controller and bus 17, battery pack 18 etc.This device is double-rotor machine-planet row type integrated form.
As shown in Figure 2, motor M
1-M
2, before being arranged on planet row mechanism combination 8 or 9, also can be arranged on after the planet row mechanism combination 8 or 9 as Fig. 3 (1), can also as Fig. 3 (2) be arranged on planet row mechanism and make up between 8 and 9, and 1 or 2 element mechanical connections arranging with planet;
When automobile adopts the FR drive form, diff 11 is moved in the rear axle drive axle in motor power assembly 1, the new motor dynamic assembly only is made up of double-rotor machine-planet row mechanism, and its takeoff output is arranged one of element or rotor M by the planet of planet row mechanism combination 8 or 9
1Or M
2Finish, as Fig. 3 (1)-(3);
Shown in Fig. 3 (3), in described motor M
1-M
2Clutch end rotor M
1, again with first rotor M by charged pivot iron core and winding
4Second rotor M with the band permanent magnet
3And the power intake M of the motor that the birotor that can be rotated around center shaft by 2DOF, slip ring 7 etc. are formed
3Or M
4Be mechanical connection, be composed in series 2 or a plurality of double-rotor machine conglomerate, the motor power assembly that is made of this conglomerate is formed integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile with power inverter 16, electronic controller and bus 17, battery pack 18 etc.This device is many motors of birotor type integrated form;
Engine power mouth bent axle 14 can be arranged 1-2 element mechanical connection in the mechanism combination 8 or 9 or and motor M with planet
1-M
2Or motor M
3-M
41-2 rotor mechanical connect;
For described double-rotor machine M
1-M
2Or motor M
3-M
4Can be magneto-electric machine or excitation electromotor, permanent magnet or excitation winding and iron core can be at rotor M
1Or M
4On, also can be at rotor M
2Or M
3On, corresponding another rotor is winding coil and iron core.When 2 rotors all adopt winding coil and core structure, must Duo slip ring of employing during permanent magnet rotor than band;
For described double-rotor machine M
1-M
2Or double-rotor machine M-M
4Can be operated under the electric motor mode, also can be operated under the generator mode, when stepless automatic transmission is finished in planet row mechanism's combination and driving engine co-ordination, realize oil, electric independent drive and oily electric combination drive and braking/multiple mode of operations such as descending energy recovery.Its mode switch and speed-regulating function are by power inverter 16, electronic controller and realizations such as bus 17, battery pack 18 thereof.
With reference to figure 2, by one embodiment of the present of invention, structure is known as shown in Figure 4, to described integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile, its housing component 15 is by two parts, and preceding half shell 44 that promptly has ventilation inlet is formed with the later half shell 60 that has air outlet.The slip ring 49 that between the two halves shell, accompanies riser 48 and closely link to each other with it, by sieve bolt assembly 50 with they 4 be tightened to one.End plate 41 fits over preceding half shell 44 front end bead places, and is fastened on itself and housing component 15 on the engine case jointly by sieve bolt 40;
Rotor M as this device power input interface
1Form by armature matrix 33 and iron core and winding 46.Antifriction-bearing box 34 and free-wheel clutch C closely are equipped with successively in the axle journal place outside its leading portion
0Reach the slip ring of forming by 2 half slip rings 36,37 7.The endoporus of antifriction-bearing box 34 outer rings and end plate 41 closely cooperates, free-wheel clutch C
0Outer shroud be fastened on the end plate 41 stationary ring of slip ring 7 37 and free-wheel clutch C by sieve bolt 39
0Outer shroud fuse the rotation synchronously that fuses of swivel eye 36 and armature matrix 33.
Rotor M
1By armature matrix 33 stage casing axle journals with by a pair of antifriction-bearing box 45 close-fittings of spacer 38 axial location, housing washer and power-transfer clutch C
2Fixedly drum 42 closely cooperates.This drum outer ending convex is fixed on preceding half shell 44 by sieve bolt 43.Power-transfer clutch C
2Structure and power-transfer clutch C
1Similar, different is armature matrix 33 hang the arm dish and the metal catch constitutes power-transfer clutch C jointly
2Driving link, fixedly drum 42 then constitutes power-transfer clutch C with friction lining, magnet coil etc. are common
2Passive part, and groove and in external spline teeth and power-transfer clutch C
1Arrangement opposite fully;
Rotor M
1Three phase current lead-in wire and power-transfer clutch C
1Magnet coil lead-in wire bundle 35 is by slip ring 36,37 and power-transfer clutch C
2The synthetic wirning harness 3 of magnet coil lead-in wire, by interface 2 and power inverter 16, electronic controller and bus 17, battery pack 18 etc. are connected.
Rotor M
2Constitute jointly by rotor matrix 21 and permanent magnet or excitation winding and iron core 22.Rotor matrix 21 is supported on the outer ring of a pair of antifriction-bearing box 26, and its inner ring fits snugly on the center shaft 23.Rotor matrix 21 front ends are by the front bearing in the antifriction-bearing box 26, spacer ring 27 and power-transfer clutch C
1 Driven hub 24 is in axial location, the crossette of its rear end by rear bearing in the antifriction-bearing box 26 and center shaft 23 axial location that offsets.Axial location between rotor M1 and M2 is taken on by plain bearing 47.And rotor M
1With M
2Between size of gaps then guarantee by the location benchmark of their relative line of centerss rotation;
First planet row is by planetary wheel 58, rotor M
2Formations such as the sun wheel of matrix 21 rear ends and gear ring 57, pinion carrier 70 and planet wheel spindle 72.Planet wheel spindle 72 is tightened to one with the brake wheel 54 of the first planet rows of planetary frame, planetary wheel 58 and pinion carrier 70 by fastener.When having pad 73 that it is rotated, planetary wheel 58 both sides reduce friction.Free-wheel clutch C
3The outer ring and brake wheel 54 endoporus of pinion carrier closely cooperate, the inner ring and the first planet toothrow circle 57 closely cooperate.There are in relative rotation pinion carrier brake wheel 54 and rotor M2 matrix 21 that plain bearing 52 is axially being arranged, plain bearing 74 location are radially arranged.Pinion carrier 70 relies on a pair of antifriction-bearing box 68 to be supported on the center shaft 23 back segment external diameters.Wherein, the interior ring of the front roll bearing inner ring front side of antifriction-bearing box 68 by steady ring 71 and the rotor M2 matrix 21 rear rolling bearings axial location that offsets, the inner ring rear side of rear rolling bearing then with the crossette of the center shaft 23 back segments axial location that offsets.
By magnet coil 75 control free-wheel clutch C
3Roller rotation, realize the first planet rows of planetary frame 70 and gear ring 57 lockings and separate that the lead-in wire bundle 51 of magnet coil 75 is by slip ring 49, riser 48 and electricity interface 2 and power inverter 16, electronic controller and bus 17, battery pack 18 etc. are connected.Free-wheel clutch C
3 Driven drum 54 also is the brake wheel of one of drg D.
Second planet row is by the sun wheel of planetary wheel 69, pinion carrier 70 rear ends that are engaged with, with planetary wheel 69 ingear gear rings 62, constitute with close pinion carrier 66 that is pressed into one of center shaft 23 spline tooths and planet wheel spindle 67 etc.The gear ring of planetary wheel 69, first planet being arranged by the fastener of planet wheel spindle 67 57 is tightened to one with pinion carrier 66, reduces friction when having pad 73 that it is rotated in planetary wheel 69 both sides.The outer ring of antifriction-bearing box 65 is pressed in endoporus crossette place, gear ring 62 front side, its inner ring is close to be pressed in side shaft journal crossette place behind the center shaft 23 terminal spline tooths, to make second planet row's front side axial location, and the outer axle journal place of gear ring 62 closely cooperates by the interior axis hole of the antifriction-bearing box on it 61 with later half shell 60, is second planet row rear side axial location.Axle journal place between antifriction-bearing box 61 and gear ring 62 backs is pressed into fan 59, so that motor and friction pair are cooled off.Gear ring 62 and pinion carrier 66 axially between, plain bearing 63 is housed.Two kinds of power of motor and the driving engine all external gear by gear ring 62 rear ends or spline pass to diff, transmission shaft and to drive wheels.Catch 64 is used for sealing.The annular stop band 6,53,56 of drg D is respectively brake rotors M
2, the first planet rows of planetary frame 70 and the second planet rows of planetary frame 66 be used.Its structure can be referring to sketch 5.
To stepless automatic transmission principle of the present invention, make following brief description with Fig. 2 and Fig. 4.
The motor electromagnetic generation of torque: at power inverter 16, under the effect such as electronic controller and bus 17, battery pack 18, three phase current feeds rotor M
1Iron core and winding 46 form a rotating field, with rotor M
2The excitation torque that the excitation field mutual action of the magnetic field of permanent magnet or excitation winding and iron core produces adds the reluctance torque sum that the rotor with salient pole effect produces, and is the motor electromagnetic torque T that builds up between air gap
dControl T
dSize and Orientation, make rotor M
1, M
2Between produce the friction speed size and Orientation relative motion.Controlling torque angle value can make motor switch between electrical motor and electrical generator.Cut off three phase current, then electromagnetic torque T
D=0, rotor M
1, M
2Between do not have electromagnetic torque contact, at this moment, motor plays power-transfer clutch.
The principle of motor bending moment: the principle of work by electrical motor knows that electrical motor drags load must satisfy equation T
1-T
2=J (d ω/dt), in the formula, T
1The torque of-motor-driven; T
2-load resistance square; J-system rotor inertia; ω-motor angular velocity.After the gyrating mass of system and swinging radius were determined, J was a constant, establishes T
2/ T
1For torque ratio K, make a=J/T
1, work as T
1After determining, a is a constant.So following formula:
K＝1-a(dω/dt)
Know that by formula torque ratio K is the function of motor speed rate of change d ω/dt.When K ≠ 1, promptly realize bending moment.By power inverter 16 and controller 17 control relative speed variation d ω/dt, then torque ratio K changes.As can be known, Ci Shi electrical motor can be regarded as tor-con.For double-rotor machine, its ω can be regarded as the cireular frequency of 2 rotor relative movements.
During vehicle stationary, T
1＜T
2, d ω/dt=0; During automobile start, for making T
1T
2, that is K＜1, then must make d ω/dt〉0, promptly control rotor and be in the acceleration slew mode; When automobile travels at the uniform speed, T
1=T
2, that is K=1, palpus d ω/dt=0 then controls rotor and is at the uniform velocity slew mode; During the car deceleration operation, T
1＜T
2, K then〉and 1.Must make d ω/dt＜0, just make rotor be in the deceleration slew mode; So control, promptly realized the motor bending moment.
Stepless automatic transmission is achieved in that the working curve of motor in the constant output characteristic district is hyperbolic function, and to equal moment of torsion and cireular frequency long-pending because of power of motor, and then driving power and bearing power have following formula:
T
1 ω 1=T
2 ω 2=constant
Adjust coupling and variation realization motor stepless change that numerous K satisfies moment of torsion and rotating speed.
According to the condition of road surface and the needs that travel, according to control signal horsepower input changers 16 such as throttle opening, brake pedal position, speed change gear, engine speed or the speed of a motor vehicle, electronic controller and bus 17 thereof, the difference of the variation of automatic guidance electromagnetic torque Td, rotor d ω/dt size and Orientation and several drgs, several free-wheel clutchs and ordinary clutch magnet coil opens closes, and then can realize stepless automatic transmission.
Electricity driving, oil driving, oily electric combination drive and 4 kinds of patterns of energy recovery are performed such:
Pure electric drive mode: kill engine, utilize power inverter 16, electronic controller 17 control C
2Make rotor M
1Do not change, and the generation electromagnetic torque makes rotor M
2Left-hand revolution, combination 8 and 9 transferring power are advanced vehicle through planet row mechanism; If make rotor M
1Do not change rotor M
2Clickwise can realize that then vehicle falls back.Power-transfer clutch C
0Must guarantee rotor M
1Under any circumstance can not left-hand revolution, realize that in view of the above pure electricity drives.Obviously this is the important reason of oil-saving discharging-reducing;
Oil drive pattern: utilize among power inverter 16, the electronic controller 17 control brake device D, make rotor M
2Do not change C
1Closure drives rotor M by driving engine
1Clickwise makes power arrange 9 transferring power through planet vehicle is advanced; If braking first planet row's pinion carrier also makes rotor M
1, M
2All clickwise can realize that then vehicle falls back;
The electric combination drive pattern of oil: power inverter 16, electronic controller 17, battery pack 18 make rotor M
2Left-hand revolution also produces electromagnetic torque, and its counter torque promotes rotor M
1Clickwise, and under various speed, mix stack with the driving engine clockwise torque of exerting oneself, the output torque of this moment is both sums, thereby makes vehicle obtain bigger propulsive effort;
The energy recovery pattern: when braking/descending, driving engine and motor are dragged by wheel is counter, and motor is in the electrical generator state.Under power inverter 16, electronic controller 17, battery pack 18 effects, except that the moving consumption of the launched mechanism of part mechanical energy was arranged, the electric energy that electrical generator produces was stored in the battery pack 18, realizes the recovery of kinergety, reaches effect of saving energy.
Know with reference to figure 4, magnet coil 78 among Fig. 5, by interface 2 at power inverter 16, under the control of electronic controller and bus 17 thereof, make operating bar 77 and be fixed between the strut bar 76 on the housing component 15 and produce relative motion, make the annular stop band 56 of drg D hold tightly or loosen the brake drum 57, to produce the different operating modes of motor power assembly 1.The work of the structure of other drg D and annular stop band 6,53 similarly.
Among Fig. 6, provide 8 kinds of mode of operations of integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile.(1) travel for pure electricity drives, motor is in electric motor state; (2) for electricity drives the middle fire an engine igniting of travelling, motor plays the starter effect; (3) for driving, oil travels, i.e. the driving engine cruising; (4) be that oily electric combination drive is quickened, driving engine, motor are in the state of exerting oneself together; (5) the energy recovery pattern when the braking/descending, motor is in the electrical generator state, with power storage in battery pack.At this moment, motor and driving engine are braked jointly.If the braking force deficiency then makes chaufeur implement mechanical braking; (6) for oil drive travel in unnecessary electric energy to batteries charging, motor is in the electrical generator state; Driving engine is to batteries charging during (7) for Parking, and motor is in the electrical generator state; Fire an engine igniting during (8) for Parking.Arrow shows the flow direction among the figure, line style and explanatory note such as Fig. 1.
In aforementioned 8 kinds of mode of operations, electricity drives (1), oil driving (3), (4) three kinds of mode of operations of oily electric combination drive can realize that all stepless automatic transmission drives.
Claims (7)
1. integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile, it includes birotor (M free to rotate
1), (M
2) and the motor of band slip ring (7), and comprise several drgs (D), several free-wheel clutchs (C
0), (C
3) and ordinary clutch (C
1), (C
2) in interior planet row mechanism combination (8), (9), diff (11), transmission shaft (12), (19), driving engine (13) and bent axle (14), drive wheels (20), power inverter (16), electronic controller and bus thereof (17), battery pack (18) etc. is characterized in that: by first rotor (M1) of charged pivot iron core and winding and second rotor (M of band permanent magnet
2) and the motor (M that has birotor that 2DOF can rotate around center shaft, slip ring (7) etc. to form
1)-(M
2), and comprise several drgs (D), several free-wheel clutchs (C
0), (C
3) and ordinary clutch (C
1), (C
2) interior, have the above planet row's mechanism's combination (8) or (9) of 2DOF or 2DOF to be mechanical connection, form double-rotor machine-planet and arrange in a row adult, rotor (M
1) remove prolongation axis (10) by bent axle (14), pass rotor (M
2) matrix center of gyration hollow axle tube, outside a certain element mechanical connection in planet row mechanism combination (8) or (9) three element, also substitute flywheel, the power-transfer clutch of driving engine (13), by bent axle (14) and the mechanical disjunctor of driving engine (13), rotor (M
2) except that making up (8) or (9) mechanical connection, also by rotor (M with planet row mechanism
1) be magnetic linkage with driving engine (13) and be connected, for the FF drive form, the planet row mechanism combination (8) or (9) that double-rotor machine-planet is arranged in a row adult again with diff (11) mechanical connection, thereby the motor power assembly (1) of forming double-rotor machine-planet row mechanism combination-diff one, the housing component (15) of motor power assembly (1) and driving engine (13) housing mechanical connection, and form driving engine-electric machine mixed power assembly jointly, by the slip ring (7) and the circuit interface (2) of motor power assembly shell component (15), arrange in a row motor (M in the adult with double-rotor machine-planet
1)-(M
2) and several drgs (D), several free-wheel clutchs (C
0), (C
3) and ordinary clutch (C
1), (C
2) etc., directly be electric power and be connected together with driving engine (13), driving engine (13) and motor (M with power inverter (16), electronic controller and bus (17), battery pack (18)
1)-(M
2) power in double-rotor machine-planet is arranged in a row adult, mix the stack after, export to transmission shaft (12), (19) by diff (11), finally be passed to drive wheels (20), motor power assembly (1) constitutes integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile with power inverter (16), electronic controller and bus (17), battery pack (18) etc., and this device is double-rotor machine-planet row type integrated form.
2. integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: motor (M in described double-rotor machine-planet row type conglomerate
1)-(M
2), except that being arranged on planet row mechanism combination (8) or (9) before, also can be arranged on planet row's mechanism's combination (8) or (9) afterwards, can also be arranged between planet row's mechanism's combination (8) and (9), and 1 or 2 element mechanical connections arranging with planet.
3. according to the described integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile of claim 1 to 2, it is characterized in that: when automobile adopts the FR drive form, diff (11) is moved in the rear axle drive axle in motor power assembly (1), the new motor dynamic assembly only is made up of double-rotor machine-planet row mechanism, and its takeoff output is arranged one of element or rotor (M by the planet of planet row's mechanism's combination (8) or (9)
1) or (M
2) finish.
4. integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at described motor (M
1)-(M
2) clutch end rotor (M
1), again with first rotor (M by charged pivot iron core and winding
4) and the band permanent magnet second rotor (M
3) and the power intake (M of the motor that birotor that 2DOF can rotate around center shaft, slip ring (7) etc. form is arranged
3) or (M
4) be mechanical connection, be composed in series 2 or a plurality of double-rotor machine conglomerate, the motor power assembly that is made of this conglomerate is with power inverter (16), electronic controller and bus (17), battery pack (18) etc., form integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile, this device is many motors of birotor type integrated form.
5. according to the described integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: as the engine crankshaft (14) of clutch end, can arrange 1-2 element mechanical connection in the mechanism combination (8) or (9) with planet, or with motor (M
1)-(M
2) or motor (M
3)-(M
4) 1-2 rotor mechanical connect.
6. according to the described integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: for described double-rotor machine (M
1)-(M
2) or double-rotor machine (M
3)-(M
4) can be magneto-electric machine or excitation electromotor, permanent magnet or excitation winding and iron core can be at rotor (M
1) or (M
4) on, also can be at rotor (M
2) or (M
3) on, corresponding another rotor is winding coil and iron core.When 2 rotors all adopt winding coil and core structure, must Duo slip ring of employing during permanent magnet rotor than band.
7. according to the described integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: for described double-rotor machine (M
1)-(M
2) or double-rotor machine (M
3)-(M
4) can be operated under the electric motor mode, also can be operated under the generator mode, when stepless automatic transmission is finished in planet row mechanism's combination and driving engine co-ordination, realize oil, electric independent drive and oily electric combination drive and braking/multiple mode of operations such as descending energy recovery.Its mode switch and speed-regulating function are by power inverter (16), electronic controller and bus (17) thereof, battery pack realizations such as (18).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100863231A CN101468593B (en) | 2008-03-25 | 2008-03-25 | Integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100863231A CN101468593B (en) | 2008-03-25 | 2008-03-25 | Integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101468593A true CN101468593A (en) | 2009-07-01 |
| CN101468593B CN101468593B (en) | 2010-09-29 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100863231A Expired - Fee Related CN101468593B (en) | 2008-03-25 | 2008-03-25 | Integration type stepless automatic transmission driving device of mixed power electric automobile |
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| CN (1) | CN101468593B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101951092A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Double-rotor motor and related planetary gear stepless speed changing system and control method thereof for electric automobile |
| CN102616234A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-01 | 宫维钧 | Integrated variable speed driving device and electrically controlled energy and management system of hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN105656382A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-06-08 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | Method and device for controlling rotation speed and constant speed of motor |
| CN108382185A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-08-10 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of combination isomery synthesis configuration method of multiaxis cascade electric coupling apparatus |
| CN108638834A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-12 | 宫维钧 | Electric vehicle integrated form speed change driver all-in-one machine |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5558175A (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-09-24 | General Motors Corporation | Hybrid power transmission |
| US5836850A (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-11-17 | General Motors Corporation | Four speed power transmission |
| US6174256B1 (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-01-16 | General Motors Corporation | Powertrain with a six speed transmission |
| DE10322473A1 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric drive unit |
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| CN201018382Y (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-02-06 | 桂林吉星电子等平衡动力有限公司 | Fuel oil engine dynamic optimization running servo loading device |
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2008
- 2008-03-25 CN CN2008100863231A patent/CN101468593B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101951092A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Double-rotor motor and related planetary gear stepless speed changing system and control method thereof for electric automobile |
| CN101951092B (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2014-12-24 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Control method of planetary gear stepless speed changing system of double-rotor motor for electric automobile |
| CN102616234A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-01 | 宫维钧 | Integrated variable speed driving device and electrically controlled energy and management system of hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN102616234B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2016-03-09 | 宫维钧 | Hybrid vehicle integrated form speed-changing driving device and automatically controlled energy administrating system |
| CN105656382A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-06-08 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | Method and device for controlling rotation speed and constant speed of motor |
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| CN115195446A (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2022-10-18 | 美国轮轴制造公司 | Segmented switched reluctance motor for powertrain electrification |
| CN108382185A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-08-10 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of combination isomery synthesis configuration method of multiaxis cascade electric coupling apparatus |
| CN108382185B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-05-25 | 重庆交通大学 | Combined heterogeneous comprehensive configuration method of multi-axis cascade electromechanical coupling device |
| CN108638834A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-12 | 宫维钧 | Electric vehicle integrated form speed change driver all-in-one machine |
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