CN101468391A - Mixing method of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy - Google Patents
Mixing method of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101468391A CN101468391A CNA2007101592529A CN200710159252A CN101468391A CN 101468391 A CN101468391 A CN 101468391A CN A2007101592529 A CNA2007101592529 A CN A2007101592529A CN 200710159252 A CN200710159252 A CN 200710159252A CN 101468391 A CN101468391 A CN 101468391A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixing method of iron-based powder used in powder metallurgy. The mixing method is characterized by comprising: preparing raw material powder (except lubricant) in matrix iron powder according to formula; adding at least one kind or more than one kind of metal powder and nonmetal powder according to a proportion no more than 25 percent into the raw material powder; meanwhile, adding adhesive powder of 0.001 to 1.0 percent by mass fraction into the raw material powder; mixing the materials in a biconical mixing device or a conical mixing device for 20 to 60 minutes and drying the materials in drying equipment filled with protective inert gases or reducing gases at a temperature of between 200 and 600 DEG C; and then, sieving the materials and adding the materials in the biconical mixing device or the conical mixing device again (adding lubricant), and packaging the materials after even mixing. The mixing method takes the double effects of adhesion and diffusion and transfer as basic principle, and can realize large-scale production under the conditions of less consumption of the prior adhesive and protective atmosphere; moreover, the mixing method has the characteristics of simple process, common equipment, low cost, convenient use, effective increase of powder product density and prevention of powder oxidation, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed method of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy.
Background technology
The mixing of iron-based powder is one critical process during sintered metal product is produced, it is that adding at least a above metal, non-metal powders such as the Cu of certain particle diameter, Ni, graphite and lubricant with water-atomized iron powder or reduced iron powder is in the iron-based powder of matrix, thus the final performance of sintered metal product behind improvement suppression performance and the sintering.
In actual production, it fully evenly is very difficult something that the mixing of powder reaches.Mixed iron-based powder is because processes such as placement, transportation and fillings, and the metal of adding, non-metal powder produce segregation, causes composition, performance and the overall dimensions of the sintered metal product produced to produce fluctuation.In addition, owing to contain more fine particle, make the flowability of powder poor, filling mould difficulty.Also can produce the dust pollution environment in the use.
At the problems referred to above, the relatively advanced Sweden of powder metallurgy, Canada and Japan and other countries have successively been developed powder metallurgy adhesive treatment hybrid technique in the world, its cardinal principle is to be matrix with the iron-based powder, adopts binding agent that metal, non-metal powder are bonded in (referring to Fig. 1) on the matrix powder.The appearance of these technologies has solved the problem of the sintered metal product composition, performance and the overall dimensions fluctuation that mix back iron-based powder segregation and cause, has also reduced airborne dust, thus use powder clean environment many.Patent CN1373696A and CN1370645A have announced two kinds of mixed methods.But owing to used complicated technology, special equipment and several polymer-binders, flowable, make the output investment ratio that reaches large-scale production bigger, cause the mixed-powder cost higher, be unfavorable for promoting.In the bonding process, be heated to the possibility that the powder oxidation is arranged about 150 ℃ in addition, can influence the mixed-powder performance.In a word, because complex process, special production equipment and problems such as several polymer-binders, flowable make this popularization to the mixed-powder of product properties raising generation contribution behind pressing process and the sintering run into serious hindrance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is with bonding and diffusion, the migration double action is basic principle; provide a kind of with simple technology; conventional equipment; the situation of using less conventional binders to exist at protective atmosphere promptly can reach the mixed method of the iron-based powder for powder metallurgy of large-scale production; the problem of powder metallurgy composition, performance and the overall dimensions fluctuation of using this method can effectively solve mixed iron-based powder segregation equally to cause has also reduced the pollution of airborne dust to environment.
Purpose of the present invention realizes like this:
Press formulated material powder (except lubricant) in the matrix iron powder; at least one or more metals, non-metal powder add to be no more than 25% ratio; the adhesive powder that adds 0.001%～1.0% mass fraction simultaneously; in bipyramid blender or tapered blender, mixed 20～60 minutes, have protectiveness inert gas optimal selection N then
2Or reducibility gas (H
2And N
2Mist) drying equipment in after 200～600 ℃ of dryings, enter once more in bipyramid blender or the tapered blender through screening and to add evenly back packing of mix lubricant.
Above-mentioned said by the formulated material powder, the granularity that comprises the matrix iron powder is selected to select with the metal that will add, granularity nonmetal, adhesive powder, the matrix iron powder is selected the following powder of maximum particle diameter 200 μ m, the metal that adds, the nonmetal and following powder of adhesive powder selection maximum particle diameter 75 μ m, the special preferred polyethylene glycol of binding agent etc.Employed drying equipment is a kind of continuous pan feeding and discharging, simultaneously the mechanism of heat drying function and cooling refrigerating function is arranged, and promptly can heat mixed-powder and again can the mixed-powder that drying is good be cooled to room temperature or near room temperature.The protective gas that feeds is inert gas or reducibility gas, abides by optimum feeding form and powder 5～30m per ton
3/ hour flow, the dry time was by 30～120 minutes/ton powder.
Characteristics of the present invention comprise the double action of binding agent bonding and diffusive migration, binding agent is bonded in metal, the non-metal powder that adds on the matrix iron powder surface, form cluster of grains, the metal of interpolation, nonmetal diffusive migration are also arranged, form cluster of grains to matrix iron powder surface.Reduce the free state of the powder that adds so to greatest extent, also exist simultaneously under binding agent bonding and the diffusive migration double action, the mutual bonding of tiny iron matrix powder particles forms cluster of grains.Though added tiny metal; non-metal powder; but the fine particle ratio significantly reduces in the mixed-powder through making after the inventive method processing; and exist with the formation of larger-size cluster of grains; efficiently solve the powder composition that mixed iron-based grain end segregation causes; the fluctuation problem of performance and size; reduced the pollution of airborne dust simultaneously to environment owing to the cluster of grains size is bigger; though measure the bond effect that mixes the back iron-based powder; so far there is not the generally acknowledged quantitative contrast of method and apparatus; but the iron base powder mixture end by this method manufacturing is used to produce auto parts such as tooth hub; composition such as valve seat and tame electrical accessory; performance and size fluctuation are all in user's claimed range; particularly because technology is simple; use the conventional equipment of domestic procurement; traditional binding agent can form large-scale production; the import mixed-powder that compares same recipe, market price low 20%～40%.
Advantage of the present invention comprises that simple technology and conventional equipment, the less conventional binders of use can reach large-scale production; can effectively avoid mixed powder oxidation because protective atmosphere exists simultaneously, use less binding agent effectively to improve the density of pulverulent product.The performance of mixed-powder reaches external like product, is convenient to penetration and promotion.The present invention has following characteristics with the foreign technology ratio:
1. technology is simple, conventional equipment, and cost is low; 2. the conventional binders of buying easy to use, and consumption is about 50%～80% of external consumption, can effectively improve pulverulent product density; 3. use protective atmosphere to prevent the powder oxidation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the hybrid technique flow chart of existing iron-based powder for powder metallurgy;
Fig. 2 is the hybrid technique flow chart of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The present invention is respectively that 1.5%Cu, 0.6% graphite and 0.75% lubricant are that example is described specific embodiment in water-atomized iron powder to mix the interpolation mass fraction.
With granularity less than the Cu of 75 μ m, granularity graphite less than 20 μ m, joining granularity by formula rate produces among the water-atomized iron powder FSY200.30 less than 180 μ m matrix Anshan iron and steel plants, the granularity that adds 0.3% mass fraction simultaneously is for to mix in double cone mixer 60 minutes less than 20 μ m binding agent polyethylene glycol, enter continuously in the drying equipment under 300 ℃ baking temperature, use the H of 75% volume fraction
2It is powder 20m per ton that the mist of+25% volume fraction is done the protective atmosphere flow
3/ hour, carry out drying with 90 minutes rate of drying of powder per ton, the powder that continuous drying comes out is forced to be cooled to room temperature or near room temperature in system, reuse the mix lubricant that blender adds the formula rate requirement simultaneously and can pack in 60 minutes behind screening process.
Embodiment 2:
The present invention is respectively that 1.0%Ni, 1.5%Cu, 0.6% graphite and 0.75% lubricant are that example is described specific embodiment in water-atomized iron powder to mix the interpolation mass fraction.
With granularity less than Ni, the Cu of 45 μ m, granularity graphite less than 20 μ m, joining granularity by formula rate produces among the water-atomized iron powder FSY200.30 less than 180 μ m matrix Anshan iron and steel plants, the granularity that adds 0.2% mass fraction simultaneously is for to mix in double cone mixer 60 minutes less than 20 μ m binding agent polyethylene glycol, enter continuously in the drying equipment under 250 ℃ baking temperature, use the H of 75% volume fraction
2It is powder 10m per ton that the mist of+25% volume fraction is done the protective atmosphere flow
3/ hour, carry out drying with 90 minutes rate of drying of powder per ton, the powder that continuous drying comes out is forced to be cooled to room temperature or near room temperature in system, reuse the mix lubricant that blender adds the formula rate requirement simultaneously and can pack in 60 minutes behind screening process.
Embodiment 3:
The present invention is respectively that 6.0%Co, 1.5%Ni, 4.0%Mo, 1.5%Cu, 0.7% graphite and 0.80% lubricant are that example is described specific embodiment in water-atomized iron powder to mix the interpolation mass fraction.
With granularity less than the above-mentioned metal of 75 μ m and alloy, granularity less than the graphite of 20 μ m, join granularity by formula rate and produce among the water-atomized iron powder FSY200.30 less than 180 μ m matrix Anshan iron and steel plants, the granularity that adds 0.5% mass fraction simultaneously is for to mix in double cone mixer 60 minutes less than 20 μ m binding agent polyethylene glycol, enter continuously in the drying equipment under 400 ℃ baking temperature, use the H of 75% volume fraction
2It is powder 20m per ton that the mist of+25% volume fraction is done the protective atmosphere flow
3/ hour, carry out drying with 90 minutes rate of drying of powder per ton, the powder that continuous drying comes out is forced to be cooled to room temperature or near room temperature in system, reuse the mix lubricant that blender adds the formula rate requirement simultaneously and can pack in 60 minutes behind screening process.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of mixed method of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy; it is characterized in that: press the formulated material powder in the matrix iron powder; at least one or more metals, non-metal powder add to be no more than 25% ratio; the adhesive powder that adds 0.001%～1.0% mass fraction simultaneously; in bipyramid blender or tapered blender, mix; then in drying equipment with protectiveness inert gas or reducibility gas with after 200～600 ℃ of dryings, enter once more in bipyramid blender or the tapered blender through screening and to add evenly back packing of mix lubricant.
2, the mixed method of a kind of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the formulated material powder, the granularity that comprises the matrix iron powder is selected to select with the metal that will add, granularity nonmetal, adhesive powder, the matrix iron powder is selected the following powder of maximum particle diameter 200 μ m, the metal of interpolation, the nonmetal and following powder of adhesive powder selection maximum particle diameter 75 μ m.
3, the mixed method of a kind of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: material powder and adhesive powder, the incorporation time in bipyramid blender or tapered blender is 20～60 minutes.
4, the mixed method of a kind of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: comprise continuous pan feeding and drawing mechanism in the drying equipment, heat drying device and device for cooling.
5, the mixed method of a kind of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the protectiveness inert gas is N
2, reducibility gas is H
2And N
2Mist, the gas flow of feeding is by powder per ton 5～30m per hour
3, the dry time was pressed powder per ton 30～120 minutes.
6, the mixed method of a kind of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: binding agent is a polyethylene glycol.
7, the mixed method of a kind of iron-based powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the powder that continuous drying comes out is forced to be cooled to room temperature or near room temperature in system, reuses the mix lubricant that blender adds the formula rate requirement simultaneously and can pack in 20～60 minutes minutes behind screening process.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102069187A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-05-25 | 杭州寰宇粉体科技有限公司 | Mixing method of iron-based powder metallurgy bonding powder |
| CN102233425A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-11-09 | 浙江中平粉末冶金有限公司 | Powder metallurgy formula and process |
| CN103394686A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Two-stage dry mixing method for powder metallurgy iron-based mixed powder |
| CN103447539A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-12-18 | 吉林省华兴粉末冶金科技有限公司 | Preparing method of iron powder for powder metallurgy |
| CN105234390A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-13 | 江门市前通粉末冶金厂有限公司 | Material stirring method for powder metallurgy |
| CN103447539B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-11-30 | 吉林省华兴粉末冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of iron powder used in metallurgy |
| CN106825541A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-06-13 | 有研粉末新材料（北京）有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of bond powders |
| CN107321996A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-07 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | The closed continuous after-treatment system of metal dust |
| CN107900361A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method that high pass quantity research prepares iron-base powder metallurgical product |
| CN114178522A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-03-15 | 辽宁晟钰金属制品制造有限公司 | Method for preparing iron-based premixed powder |
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| CN1132711C (en) * | 2001-01-04 | 2003-12-31 | 中南大学 | Method for making warm-pressing iron powder |
| CN2835914Y (en) * | 2005-08-06 | 2006-11-08 | 天水华圆制药设备科技有限责任公司 | Microwave vacuum continuous drying machine with double drying chambers |
| CN100450672C (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2009-01-14 | 合肥波林新材料有限公司 | Warm processing powdered iron, and preparation method |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102069187A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-05-25 | 杭州寰宇粉体科技有限公司 | Mixing method of iron-based powder metallurgy bonding powder |
| CN102069187B (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-19 | 杭州寰宇粉体科技有限公司 | Mixing method of iron-based powder metallurgy bonding powder |
| CN102233425A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-11-09 | 浙江中平粉末冶金有限公司 | Powder metallurgy formula and process |
| CN103447539B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-11-30 | 吉林省华兴粉末冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of iron powder used in metallurgy |
| CN103447539A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-12-18 | 吉林省华兴粉末冶金科技有限公司 | Preparing method of iron powder for powder metallurgy |
| CN103394686B (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-06-29 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of two-part dry mixing methods of P/m Iron Base mixed powder |
| CN103394686A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Two-stage dry mixing method for powder metallurgy iron-based mixed powder |
| CN105234390A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-13 | 江门市前通粉末冶金厂有限公司 | Material stirring method for powder metallurgy |
| CN106825541A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-06-13 | 有研粉末新材料（北京）有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of bond powders |
| CN107321996A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-07 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | The closed continuous after-treatment system of metal dust |
| CN107321996B (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2024-01-19 | 安泰（霸州）特种粉业有限公司 | Closed continuous post-treatment system for metal powder |
| CN107900361A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method that high pass quantity research prepares iron-base powder metallurgical product |
| CN114178522A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-03-15 | 辽宁晟钰金属制品制造有限公司 | Method for preparing iron-based premixed powder |
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| CN101468391B (en) | 2013-01-30 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170406 Address after: Lingshan Hongqi Road 114042 Anshan city of Liaoning Province, Lishan District No. 9 Patentee after: Anshan Iron and steel (Anshan) metallurgical powder Co., Ltd. Address before: Anshan City, Liaoning province 114031 Lishan District Jianguo Road 40 A Patentee before: Angang Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. |
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