Power economizer for low matching system
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric energy saver, a kind of specifically being connected is used for energy-conservation power economizer for low matching system in the circuit.
Background technology
As everyone knows, when contiguous line failure disturbed, the voltage that all can have influence on the working line was stable, influenced the operate as normal of various power consumption equipments, can't carry out production operation even at all.
Jumbo equipment is arranged in distribution system,, can influence the operating state and the service efficiency of other equipment when it will produce a large amount of transition surges during the switch operating state continually.
When distribution system has the plurality of devices frequent starting, with producing 2-7 start-stop electric current doubly, electrical network, transformer are caused very big impact, make transformer and transmission line temperature rise too high too fast, increase its copper loss, iron loss.
Can cause the power consumption equipment local voltage to be higher than its rated voltage when imbalance of three-phase voltage, cause contrary moment of torsion increase in the motor, its winding local temperature rise increases.The metal parts temperature rise increases, and illumination waits other single-phase equipment part to be in the overburden state, can cause many unnecessary power consumptions and have a strong impact on useful life of power consumption equipment.
When three-phase current is asymmetric when going up, mainly since its first-harmonic configuration of load is inhomogeneous causes.Can cause transformer to be in the asymmetric running status this moment, makes its loss increase<no-load loss and load loss〉line loss of whole distribution system is strengthened.
When power consumption equipment is operated in when exceeding the quata to decide the state of voltage, when promptly being in the operating state of excess load, can cause the overequipment heating, iron loss, copper loss will doubly increase with superpotential square, not only cause bigger energy waste, and can reduce the average life of equipment.
Therefore in traditional energy-conservation voltage-regulating system; adopt the step-down transformation to control superpotential generation; but this stability of a system is not good enough; promptly when the voltage instability timing of input energy-saving appliance, the voltage of its output is also unstable, especially after the voltage of input is lower than certain value; the voltage of its output will more be lower than input voltage; can cause output voltage to be lower than the rated voltage of power consumption equipment, influence its operate as normal, make equipment because under-voltage protection can't be worked.And after its input voltage is higher than certain value, then its output voltage will increase, and make equipment still be operated in the state of ultra-voltage, cause many unnecessary electric energy losses.
Harmonic wave is meant voltage waveform distortion, belongs to the part throttle characteristics problem, mainly because nonlinear-load causes, has following harm:
1. power cable, transmission line, the existence of non-positive harmonic wave in the conductor, well-known kelvin effect and proximity effect will cause extra intensification, reduce the safe carrying capacity of conductor.
2. electronic equipment, electronic equipment is very sensitive to the wave distortion of supply power voltage, voltage waveform distortion can cause the voltage over zero slippage or change the location point that a voltage between phases is higher than another voltage between phases, these 2 is vital for different Power Electronic Circuit, control system is to this point<voltage zero-cross and voltage location point〉misjudgment can cause the out of control of control system, and perception between electric power and the communication line or capacitive lotus root are closed the interference that also can cause communication apparatus.
3. the existence of harmonic wave will increase the extra copper loss of motor, and iron loss and temperature rise also produce a certain amount of negative twist distance, reduce the service efficiency of motor.
Summary of the invention
The technical assignment of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention and proposition is to overcome power consumption that prior art exists, increase defective such as the extra copper loss of motor, and a kind of power economizer for low matching system is provided.For this reason, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Power economizer for low matching system comprises that automatic constant current inlet wire impedor, electromagnetic balance winding, automatic constant-pressure have the adjusting device and the electrical network purifier of carrying, and is characterized in that:
Described automatic constant current inlet wire impedor comprises startup winding, slide-wire rheostat and the current transducer that is cascaded, and is connected with the driver that drives described slide-wire rheostat action by transmission mechanism on the described current transducer;
Described electromagnetic balance winding comprises the three-phase alternating current winding, and the coil sections of arbitrary phase of this three phase winding and other at least one coil sections mutually intersect around together;
Described automatic constant-pressure has the adjusting device of carrying to comprise three-phase adjusting winding, be connected with at least three A.C. contactors that are controlled by a controller according to the ground connection of stepwise operation on the described adjusting winding, wherein be positioned on the A.C. contactor of middle part and be connected with buffer resistance, be connected with sampling module on the described controller;
Described electrical network purifier comprises the filtering capacitor and the filter reactor of series connection;
And, the series connection of the coil of described startup winding, AC Windings, adjusting winding is wound on the iron core in mutually in each of three-phase alternating current, the coils from parallel connection of coils of the coil of described filter reactor and described startup winding, AC Windings, adjusting winding is wound on the described iron core;
Draw leading-out terminal between described startup winding and AC Windings, the other end of described startup winding is as the end of incoming cables.
As to further the improving and replenishing of technique scheme, the present invention also comprises following additional technical feature, when stating technical scheme on the implementation, technical characterictics that can these are additional separately or combine and be applied to technique scheme:
Described driver is a servomotor.
Be connected with the current sampling control module between described driver and the current transducer.
Described sampling module comprises voltage sampling module and current sampling module.
Described A.C. contactor is a three-phase interlock contactor.
Described electrical network purifier comprises the vacuum contactor and the thermal relay of connecting with described filtering capacitor and filter reactor.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
One, automatic constant current inlet wire impedor
1. change according to the electric current in the system and adjust its internal driving value automatically, practicable soft start, soft stopping can to reduce the transition in the circuit simultaneously, suppress surge and produce.
2. the starting current of various device be can reduce, to the impact of electrical network, plant machinery wearing and tearing and various generating noise reduced when reducing the equipment working state switching.
3. can reduce the various noises of transformer self, reduce its copper loss, iron loss, reduce temperature rise.
4. can reduce the various unnecessary electric energy loss that various transition surges and starting current cause, improve the service efficiency of power consumption equipment and transformer.
5. its energy-saving efficiency is between 2%--4%.
Two, electromagnetic balance winding, utilize the mutual interconnection between winding, can compensate the magnetic flux of iron core mutually, control the consistency of each phase induced electromotive force, thereby the maintenance three-phase equilibrium reduces extra losses such as neutral line current, and making in the three-phase no longer is independently to concern between phase and phase, but interrelated, interactional integrated system reaches following effect:
1. offset A, B, each high order harmonic component that upward produces mutually of C and suppress each imbalance that goes up mutually and the generation of reactive power and zero line noise, each load current of going up mutually of balance A.B.C.
2. reduce line loss, the iron loss of transformer, realized electromagnetic balance, electromagnetism phase shift technology, voltage, the electric current that three-phase is exported tends to balance and stablizes.
3. power saving rate can reach 2%~4%.
Three, automatic constant-pressure has the adjusting device of carrying
1. make adjustment automatically according to input voltage and output current, power consumption equipment is adjusted at best operating state, need not when adjusting simultaneously to cut off the electricity supply, the seamlessly transitting of practicable voltage.
2. can reduce because the excess power loss that overvoltage causes reduces the extra temperature rise of motor and transformer.
3. power saving rate can reach 3%~8%.
Four, the electrical network purifier is a passive filtration unit, its capacitor is at first-harmonic<50Hz〉time produce reactive power, the power factor (PF) that reaches as required in the circuit is done Compensation Design, and the selection of the inductance value of reactor is with capacitors in series resonance harmonic wave to be formed low impedance circuit, allows most harmonic current flow into harmonic filter; Simultaneously produce reactive power at first-harmonic, compensating reactive power improves power factor (PF), and wherein vacuum contactor is controlled the quantity of its input by a reactive power compensation instrument, has following effect:
1. can effectively suppress especially 3,5,7,9 subharmonic of each time, can reduce the copper loss and the iron loss of transformer self, reduce the temperature rise of transformer, the first-harmonic capacity of transformer is suitably improved, reduce noise of transformer, prolong the useful life of transformer.
2. can effectively reduce kelvin effect and proximity effect, reduce the extra temperature rise of transmission line, improve the safe carrying capacity of conductor.
3. can reduce the out of control of electronic equipment that voltage waveform distortion causes and to the interference of communication apparatus.
4. can improve the service efficiency of motor, improve power factor (PF), reduce extra temperature rise.
5. power saving rate can reach 3%~5%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of automatic constant current inlet wire impedor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 has the schematic diagram that carries adjusting device for automatic constant-pressure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 has the control schematic diagram that carries adjusting device for automatic constant-pressure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of electrical network purifier of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1-automatic constant current inlet wire impedor, 2-electromagnetic balance winding, 3-automatic constant-pressure have the adjusting device of carrying, 4-electrical network purifier, 5-iron core;
11-starts winding, 12-slide-wire rheostat, 13-current transducer, 14-current sampling control module, 15-driver;
The R/S/T-AC Windings;
31-regulates winding, 32-controller, 33-buffer resistance, 34-voltage sampling module, 35-current sampling module, KM
0/ KM
1/ KM
2/ KM
3-A.C. contactor;
The 41-filtering capacitor, 42-filter reactor, 43-vacuum contactor, 44-thermal relay;
The a/b/c-leading-out terminal, the A/B/C-end of incoming cables.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, this power economizer for low matching system comprises that automatic constant current inlet wire impedor 1, electromagnetic balance winding 2, automatic constant-pressure have adjusting device 3 and the electrical network purifier 4 and the iron core 5 of carrying, wherein:
Automatic constant current inlet wire impedor 1 (referring to Fig. 2) is that startup winding 11, slide-wire rheostat 12 and current transducer 13 are cascaded, on current transducer 13, be connected with the servomotor that drives slide-wire rheostat 12 actions by transmission mechanism, also be connected with current sampling control module 14 between driver 15 and the current transducer 13 as driver 15.
This automatic constant current inlet wire impedor is connected in each circuit of distribution system (on three phase lines as triple line) in use, during work, when electric current changing value in the system surpasses its set point, produce current changing signal and flow to current sampling control module 14 by current transducer 13, current sampling control module 14 control servomotors drive slide-wire rheostat 12 by transmission mechanism makes its resistance change to adding general orientation, make the electric current changing value approach set point, until in zero; Otherwise, when electric current changing value in the system during less than its set point, produce current changing signal and flow to current sampling control module 14 by current transducer 13, current sampling control module 14 control servomotors drive slide-wire rheostat by transmission mechanism makes its resistance change to reducing direction, make the electric current changing value approach set point, until in zero.
This device is equivalent to an automatic impedance adjusting device, can play stabling current, reduces transition, suppress surge, carries out soft start, soft stopping.
Electromagnetic balance winding 2 comprises three-phase alternating current winding R, S, T, and the coil sections of arbitrary phase of this three phase winding and other one mutually coil sections intersect around together;
Automatic constant-pressure has year adjusting device 3 (referring to Fig. 3,4) to comprise that three are regulated the phase line that windings 31 are used to insert A, B, C three-phase alternating current, regulates on the windings 31 for these three and is connected with four A.C. contactor KM that are controlled by controller 32 according to the ground connection of stepwise operation
0/ KM
1/ KM
2/ KM
3, wherein be positioned at the A.C. contactor KM of middle part
1/ KM
2On be connected with buffer resistance 33, be connected with sampling module on the controller 32, this sampling module comprises voltage sampling module 34 and current sampling module 35, A.C. contactor is a three-phase interlock contactor.
Above-mentioned automatic constant-pressure has the adjusting device of carrying, and when voltage was higher, voltage sampling module 34 and current sampling module 35 samplings also passed to controller 32, by controller control A.C. contactor KM
0Closed earlier, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
1Closed again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
0Disconnect again, behind the A.C. contactor time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
2Closed again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
1Disconnect again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
3Closed again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
2Disconnect again, rely on the storage of regulating winding therebetween and release energy and the cushioning effect of buffer resistance is promptly finished an automatic constant-pressure control.Otherwise when voltage was on the low side, voltage sampling module 34 and current sampling module 35 samplings also passed to controller 32, by controller control A.C. contactor KM
3Closed earlier, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
2Closed again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
3Disconnect again, behind the A.C. contactor time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
1Closed again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
2Disconnect again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
0Closed again, behind the time-delay 1s, A.C. contactor KM
1Disconnect again, rely on the storage of regulating winding therebetween and release energy and the cushioning effect of buffer resistance is promptly finished an automatic constant-pressure control.
Electrical network purifier 4 (referring to Fig. 5) comprises the vacuum contactor 43 and the thermal relay 44 of connecting with described filtering capacitor 41 and filter reactor 42.
And, coil series connection at the startup winding 11 described in each phase of three-phase alternating current, AC Windings R, S, T, adjusting winding 31 is wound on the iron core 5, and the coil of filter reactor 42 is wound on the iron core 5 with the coils from parallel connection of coils that starts winding 11, AC Windings (R, S, T), adjusting winding (31);
Draw leading-out terminal a, b, c from starting between winding 11 and AC Windings R, S, the T, the other end that starts winding 11 is as end of incoming cables A, B, C.During use, inlet wire termination supply line, the outlet termination can be used to electrical appliance.
In view of the effect and the effect of each component part partly has been described in detail at summary of the invention, do not repeat them here, effect and effect that they combine are better.