CN101464092A

CN101464092A - Wax shale vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer

Info

Publication number: CN101464092A
Application number: CNA200910010009XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴启成; 郭华峰
Original assignee: SHENYANG CHENGDA HONGSHENG ENERGY INSTITUTE Co Ltd
Current assignee: SHENYANG CHENGDA HONGSHENG ENERGY INSTITUTE Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-01-06
Filing date: 2009-01-06
Publication date: 2009-06-24

Abstract

A device for preheating and drying oil shale by utilizing the flue gas exhausted by a heating furnace is characterized in that multi-layer vibration beds are distributed in a zigzag manner in a drying machine; and wet materials are dispersed into flat and pudgy material flows in a zigzag shape under the action of the multi-layer drying beds after entering the drying machine from the top thereof. Hot flue gas produced by the heating furnace is transmitted to the bottom of the drying machine after being pressurized by air distribution, so as to form a vertical airflow and a horizontal airflow which are in full and high-intensity contact with the materials. During the mixing flow process with hot wind, the material is evenly preheated and dried after the repeated process of mixing, separating, remixing and re-separating. The device can remove most of moisture in the oil shale and preheat the oil shale to about 80 DEG C without any loss of oleaginous materials in the oil shale. The device is energy-saving, can reduce the heat quantity required by an oil shale carbonization furnace by more than one third, and reduce the heat consumption by 60,000 to 80,000 kcal/ton of oil shale distillation.

Description

Wax shale vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer

Affiliated technical field

The present invention a kind ofly utilizes useless flue gas that oil shale is carried out the device of preheating and drying, it is characterized in that removing the surface water of oil shale more than 50%, but does not lose the oleaginous material in the oil shale.

Background technology

Domestic oil shale does not carry out preheating, drying before entering gas retort at present.Contain certain moisture in the oil shale, generally about 10%, some is up to more than 15%, is used for transpiring moisture in the heat that gas is brought into greatly.Because oil shale is without preheating, drying, has and be used for transpiring moisture more than 1/3rd so supply with the heat of gas retort.This not only causes the gas consumption big, carry gas tube overstriking, gas retort dryer section volume to increase, equipment investment strengthens, a large amount of water vapours enters the destructive distillation product simultaneously, strengthened the pressure of recovery and oil-water separation system again, the exhaust temperature of heating furnace generation can reach more than 400 ℃ in addition, without utilizing i.e. discharging, has also caused the significant wastage of heat energy.Oil shale is along with the variation of environment temperature, the winter and summer temperature difference is bigger, cause gas retort operating mode instability, the shale oil yield fluctuates thereupon, the gas retort oil-collecting ratio in summer that has can reach 65%, and cold district is to winter, and oil-collecting ratio is reduced to below 40% sometimes, improve cost greatly, also wasted a large amount of resources simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

In order to make full use of the heating furnace waste heat, improve the temperature that oil shale enters gas retort simultaneously, finally reach the purpose that improves oil-collecting ratio, the technology of the present invention provides a kind of drying device, and the hot fume afterheat that this device utilizes heating furnace to produce is removed the part surface water in the oil shale, reduce destructive distillation gas consumption, improve the oil shale charging temperature simultaneously, avoid the excessive temperature differentials of Various Seasonal, improve oil-collecting ratio.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: be arranging multiplayer vibration drying bed body in a zigzag in the drying machine, after entering drying machine from the top, wet stock under the effect of multilayer drying bed, is dispersed into the material flow of flexuose flat bulk shape, part granularity is passed the sieve aperture vertical drop less than the thin material of sieve aperture, and the thin material that is blown afloat with following one deck forms the dilute phase bed of material; Another part granularity forms the loose bed of material of vibration greater than the thick material of sieve diameter and moves along the sieve plate surface under vibrational state, it is unrestrained to one deck sieve plate down to move to the end.Low temperature strong wind calorimetric air-flow is divided into uprush and horizontal gas flow, uprush in the process of passing through compass screen surface and material with material fully, the high-intensity contact, with dry materials; Horizontal gas flow speed change between compass screen surface flow and with unrestrained material fully, contact to high strength with dry materials.The perpendicular flow of existing material in drying machine has the bottom horizontal flow sheet of material again; The adverse current of existing vertical direction between material and the hot blast has the adverse current of horizontal direction again, forms distinctive mixed flow drying effect.Thickness material and hot blast in the mixed flow process through repeatedly mix-separate-mix again-separating process is by evenly dry again, most of material is discharged from the drying machine bottom, be preheated to simultaneously about 80 ℃, few parts of fine material enters deduster with air-flow, the isolated material of deduster reclaims as product, and waste gas is discharged through exhaust blower.

The key of the technology of the present invention is oil shale to be carried out in the process of drying and preheating, can not allow oleaginous material volatilization in the oil shale, therefore will carry out strict control to the temperature of flue gas, is advisable to be no more than 250 ℃.For this reason, adopted following technology: 1. the flue gas pair more than 400 ℃ adds air distribution and presses, and the flue-gas temperature that enters in the drying machine is no more than 250 ℃; 2. lay sieve plate on the vibrated bed, have the air vent in suitable aperture and certain percent opening on the sieve plate, both avoided material from the hole, to fall in a large number, guarantee that again material fully contacts with hot flue gas; 3. the exciting force that provides with vibrating motor in drying machine of material is that power advances, and adopts the multilayer stroke of turning back, and repeatedly mixes blending with circulating mash gas, realizes the high strength drying.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the hot fume afterheat that utilizes heating furnace to produce is removed the part surface water in the oil shale, both reduce destructive distillation gas consumption, increased heat utilization efficiency again, improved the oil shale charging temperature simultaneously, avoid the excessive temperature differentials of Various Seasonal, improve oil-collecting ratio.By theoretical measuring and calculating, to moisture about 11% oil shale, after this device is handled, in gas retort, can lack consumption of calorie 6～80,000 kcal/t, energy-saving effect is fairly obvious.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a floor plan of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the structure chart of vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer.

1. charging belt machines among the figure, 2. vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer, 3. deduster, 4. air-introduced machine, 5. hot air duct, 6. outfeed belt machine.

Wet material is added in the feeding port of vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer by material loading belt machine, falls by discharger Be on the vibration bed of zigzag arrangement, fall by layer, be discharged to outfeed belt finally by the discharger bottom the drying machine On. The hot flue gas that thermal source adopts heating furnace to produce adds pressure device and sends into the hot blast pipeline through joining wind, at the bottom of drying machine Section enters, and forms uprush and horizontal gas flow in drying machine, rise by layer, with material fully, high-strength The contact of degree with material preheating, drying, is discharged finally by the air draft machine.

The specific embodiment:

What accompanying drawing 3 provided is the structure chart of Wax shale vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer of the present invention.This device is established 5 layers of vibrated bed altogether, and the wet oil shale under the environment temperature enters from the top of vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer, successively falls under the vibrated bed effect, discharges from the bottom.Vibrated bed is driven by the frequency control vibrating motor, by regulating the vibrating motor frequency, changes motor speed, reaches the purpose of regulating the material traveling time.Laying the perforate sieve plate on the vibrated bed is the circulation passage of flue gas, according to the difference of material particular diameter, pore size and percent opening adjust accordingly on the sieve plate, have both prevented that a large amount of materials from passing sieve aperture, guarantee fully contacting of material and hot blast again, meet the requirements of the preheating and drying effect.250 ℃ hot flue gas after the pressurization of pressurization air distribution enters from the vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer bottom, material is carried out the drying back discharge from top, and discharge temperature is 100～120 ℃.Key problem in technology of the present invention does not make the oleaginous material volatilization in the oil shale again when being that oil shale carried out preheating and drying.Through evidence, can reach this target at vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer device of the present invention.

Claims

1. an oil shale preheating and drying equipment is arranging multiplayer vibrated bed in a zigzag in the drying machine, it is characterized in that being dispersed under the effect of multilayer drying bed after wet stock enters drying machine from the top material flow of flexuose flat bulk shape; Low temperature strong wind calorimetric air-flow enters from the drying machine bottom and forms uprush and horizontal gas flow, with material fully, the high-intensity contact, the adverse current of existing vertical direction between material and the hot blast has the adverse current of horizontal direction again, forms distinctive mixed flow drying effect; Material and hot blast through repeatedly mix-separate-mix again-separating process is by even preheating and drying again.

2. vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that thermal source adopts the hot fume afterheat of heating furnace, by the air distribution pressue device in hot air duct enters drying machine, in drying machine, form uprush and horizontal gas flow, with material fully, the high-intensity contact, with material preheating, drying.

3. vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer according to claim 1 is characterized in that by regulating the vibrating motor frequency of vibration bed, adjusts material and walk line time in drying machine.

4. vibration turn-back pre-heating dryer according to claim 1, the sieve-plate aperture ratio that it is characterized in that vibrating bed and aperture are different and different according to material particular diameter, both prevented that a large amount of materials from passing sieve aperture and falling, guaranteed fully contacting of material and hot blast again, met the requirements of the preheating and drying effect.