CN101463986B - 发光二极管灯具 - Google Patents

发光二极管灯具 Download PDF

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CN101463986B
CN101463986B CN200710203325XA CN200710203325A CN101463986B CN 101463986 B CN101463986 B CN 101463986B CN 200710203325X A CN200710203325X A CN 200710203325XA CN 200710203325 A CN200710203325 A CN 200710203325A CN 101463986 B CN101463986 B CN 101463986B
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emitting diode
radiator
light
light emitting
led lamp
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CN101463986A (zh
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徐弘光
王君伟
江文章
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Foxsemicon Integrated Technology Shanghai Inc
Foxsemicon Integrated Technology Inc
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Foxsemicon Integrated Technology Shanghai Inc
Foxsemicon Integrated Technology Inc
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Priority to JP2008314556A priority patent/JP2009152192A/ja
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/502Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components
    • F21V29/503Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components of light sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/60Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air
    • F21V29/67Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
    • F21V29/677Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans the fans being used for discharging
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/74Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
    • F21V29/76Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section
    • F21V29/763Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section the planes containing the fins or blades having the direction of the light emitting axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)

Abstract

一种发光二极管灯具,包括一第一发光二极管及一第二发光二极管,其中第一发光二极管的发光强度随温度的变化小于第二发光二极管,该发光二极管灯具还包括分离设置的第一、第二散热器以及一主动式散热装置,其中第一散热器与第一发光二极管热性连接,第二散热器与第二发光二极管热性连接,该主动式散热装置用以辅助该第二散热器散热,使得该第二散热器的散热效率高于第一散热器的散热效率,从而使各种发光二极管工作在适当的温度,能输出稳定的白光。

Description

发光二极管灯具 
技术领域
本发明关于一种照明装置,尤其是关于发光二极管灯具。 
背景技术
目前,发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode,LED)因具光质佳、发光效率高、长寿命、低耗能等特性而逐渐取代冷阴极荧光灯(Cold Cathode FluorescentLamp,CCFL)作为照明装置的发光元件,广泛应用于交通指挥灯、汽车车灯、室内照明灯、路灯等。 
然而,LED本身发出波长频谱极窄,要使用LED制作照明灯具,通常要通过混合多种色光以获得白光。例如,先利用蓝光与荧光粉搭配组合成白光,再搭配红色光提高其演色性,并同时提高其色温度,或者利用蓝光、蓝绿色光、橘色光以及红光组合成白光。然而,虽然搭配各种色光能获得白光,但由于琥珀色LED、红光LED、黄光LED、橘色光LED等LED的温度特性变异很大,特别是使用AlInGaP与GaAs材料的LED其温度变化影响其发光特性甚大,当由室温(约20℃)升高至80℃时,其发光强度会衰减约45%,使得LED照明灯具的颜色、色温度、混光后的照度都大幅改变。因此本发明希望能设计一种工作温度稳定,从而产生稳定白光的发光二极管灯具。 
发明内容
有鉴于此,有必要提供一种具有稳定白光的发光二极管灯具。 
一种发光二极管灯具,包括一第一发光二极管及一第二发光二极管,其中第一发光二极管的发光强度随温度的变化小于第二发光二极管,该发光二极管灯具还包括分离设置的第一、第二散热器以及一主动式散热装置,其中第一散热器与第一发光二极管热性连接,第二散热器与第二发光二极管热性连接,该主动式散热装置用以辅助该第二散热器散热,使得该第二散热器的散热效率高于第一散热器的散热效率,该第一散热器、第二散热器以及主动式散热器使得该第一发光二极管与该第二发光二极管工作在适当的温度,使 得该第一发光二极管产生的光线和该第二发光二极管产生的光线混合后输出稳定的白光。 
上述发光二极管灯具针对不同的发光二极管的不同温度特性,利用分离式的散热器,使不同发光二极管均工作在适当的温度,从而能输出稳定的白光。 
附图说明
下面参照附图,结合实施例作进一步说明: 
图1是本发明发光二极管灯具的组合示意图; 
图2是红光、蓝光、绿光二极管的发光强度与温度的关系图; 
图3是本发明发光二极管灯具另一实施例示意图; 
图4是本发明发光二极管灯具再一实施例示意图。 
具体实施方式
如图1所示,本发明发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode,LED)灯具100包括一基板30,设置于基板30上的LED阵列,设置于基板30上的散热装置,及一罩设于LED阵列上的反射罩40。 
该实施例中,基板30为一金属芯印刷电路板(Metal Core PCB,MCPCB),该基板30通过对一铝板进行绝缘处理,即于其表面上形成一绝缘层(图未示),而后于该绝缘层上建立一线路层而形成。可以理解的,基板30是为提供线路以安装该LED阵列,该基板30也可以是一普通的印刷电路板(printedcircuit board,PCB)、陶瓷电路板等。相对于普通的电路板,本实施例金属芯印刷电路板具有更高的导热系数,可以快速的将LED产生的热量传导出去。 
所述LED阵列包括若干排布于基板30上的颜色不同的LED,所述LED通过打线方式(wire bonding)或者覆晶方式(flip chip)与基板30的线路实现电性连接。该实施例中,所述LED阵列包括两种LED,即白光LED部分60与红光LED部分50,白光LED部分60与红光LED部分50所产生的光线在反射罩40内混合,产生白光照明。为达成高演色性的白光照明灯具100,白光LED部分60采用蓝光LED芯片,该蓝光LED芯片的表面设有黄色荧光粉,从而由蓝光LED芯片激发黄色荧光粉产生黄光,蓝光与黄光相混合 而产生白光。该蓝光LED芯片的材料可为GaInN(氮化铟镓)或GaN(氮化镓),波长在450~470nm。红光LED部分50采用红光LED芯片,其材料可为AlInGaP(铝铟镓磷化物)或GaAs(砷化镓),波长610~635nm,通过红光与白光的搭配,混合后灯具100所产生白光的演色性可达90以上。 
由于LED在工作时部分电能转化为热能,继而导致LED温度的升高,而在温度上升时,各色LED的发光强度与波长的变动并不相同,如图2所示为三种不同颜色LED的发光强度与温度的关系图,其中Tb线所示为蓝光LED的发光强度随温度的变化,Tr线表示红光LED的发光强度随温度的变化,Tg线表示绿光LED的发光强度随温度的变化,由图示可知,随温度的变化蓝光LED的发光强度改变最小,基本上不受温度变化的影响;绿光LED在温度由20℃上升至80℃时,发光强度大约下降15%,而红光LED在温度由20℃上升至40℃时,发光强度已大约下降15%。因此当温度上升时,应首先控制红光LED的温度,当绿光LED的环境温度达到80℃时,若能控制红光LED在40℃以下,即能够将混色后白光的变异控制于较低的范围。 
根据各色LED的温度特征,本发明LED灯具100的散热装置包括对应各色LED设置得多个相分离的散热器。该实施例中,对应白光LED部分60与红光LED部分50分别设置一散热器,即第一、第二散热器10、20,该两散热器均为铝材质散热器,每一散热器10、20包括一底板170、270及若干散热鳍片180、280。每一散热器10、20上分别设置一第一风扇70、一第二风扇80,当LED灯具工作时,通过一速度控制电路90控制该第一、第二风扇70、80的转速,使第二风扇80的转速高于第一风扇70的转速,从而增强第二散热器20的热量散发的速度,提升红光LED部分50的散热效率,使红光LED部分50维持在较低的工作温度,保证红光LED部分50的发光强度与稳定性,从而维持LED灯具100所形成的白光的稳定性。 
上述实施例中,通过控制风扇70、80的转速使白光LED部分60与红光LED50的散热效率不同,从而使红光LED部分50具有更低的工作温度。如图3所示,为更准确地控制红光LED部分50的工作温度,可设置一温度感测器200,如热电偶,感测第二散热器20的温度,并输出至控制电路90,从而根据第二散热器20的温度更准确地控制第二风扇80的转速,使红光LED部分50具有适当的工作温度。 
如图4所示为本发明LED灯具300的再一实施例示意图,该实施例中,通过混合蓝光LED、绿光LED、黄光LED与红光LED四种不同比例的色光达成高演色性的白光照明灯,而不采用荧光粉。其中蓝光LED与绿光LED构成第一发光部分360,该蓝光LED与绿光LED的芯片均采用GaInN或GaN材料,蓝光LED的波长在450~470nm,绿光LED的波长在510~540nm;红光LED与黄光LED构成第二发光部分350,红光LED与黄光LED的芯片均采用AlInGaP或GaAs材料,红光LED的波长为610~635nm,黄光LED的波长为580~600nm。所有LED的外侧罩设一散射片340,从而各色LED所产生的光线经散射片340混光后产生白光,本实施例LED灯具300能够使演色性达到95以上。同样,所述四色LED均设置于金属芯印刷电路基板330上,基板330的另一侧同时设置两散热器310、320,其中仅第二散热器320上设置一风扇380,加强第二散热器320热量的散发,同样该风扇380与一控制电路390相连,该第二散热器320与一温度感测器400相连并将第二散热器320的温度信息反馈至控制电路390以更准确的控制风扇380的转速,从而使第二散热器320具有更好的散热效果,从而使红光LED及黄光LED维持在较低的工作温度。 
如上所述,本发明LED灯具根据各种LED的不同的温度特性,设置不同转速的风扇,可有效保证各色LED均工作在适当的温度,维持各色LED的发光效率,进而获得更为稳定的白光照明。以上仅列举本发明LED灯具的几种具体实施方式,本领域技术人员还可在本发明精神内做其它变化,只要其不偏离本发明的技术效果,都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围之内,如各色LED的组合设置,可根据需要而变更。而散热器材质的选择并不限于铝,其它热传导系数更高的材料,如铜、银等均可作为散热器的材料,而两散热器也可采用不同材料,如第二散热器采用铜、第一散热器采用铝,从而增强第二散热器的效率,使LED维持适当的工作温度。另外,以上均采用风扇辅助散热器散热,实际上,其它主动式散热装置,如热电致冷器、压缩-冷凝式散热元件等均可应用于本发明中辅助散热器散热,提升红光LED部分散热器的散热效率。 

Claims (10)

1.一种发光二极管灯具,包括一第一发光二极管及一第二发光二极管,其中第一发光二极管的发光强度随温度的变化小于第二发光二极管,其特征在于:该发光二极管灯具还包括分离设置的第一、第二散热器以及一主动式散热器,其中第一散热器与第一发光二极管热性连接,第二散热器与第二发光二极管热性连接,该主动式散热器用以辅助该第二散热器散热,使得该第二散热器的散热效率高于第一散热器的散热效率,该第一散热器、第二散热器以及主动式散热器使得该第一发光二极管与该第二发光二极管工作在适当的温度,使得该第一发光二极管产生的光线和该第二发光二极管产生的光线混合后输出稳定的白光。
2.如权利要求1所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:该主动式散热器为一风扇或热电致冷器。
3.如权利要求2所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:还包括一连接于该风扇的速度控制电路及一温度感测器,工作时该温度感测器用以感测第二散热器的温度并反馈至该速度控制电路以控制该风扇的转速。
4.如权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:该发光二极管灯具还包括另一主动式散热器用以辅助第一散热器散热。
5.如权利要求1所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:每一散热器均包括一与相应发光二极管热连接的底座及自底座延伸的若干散热鳍片,其中该第一散热器的材料为铝,第二散热器的材料的热传导系数大于第一散热器的热传导系数。
6.如权利要求1所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:该发光二极管灯具还包括一金属芯电路基板,该第一发光二极管与该第二发光二极管设置在该金属芯电路基板的一侧并电连接于该金属芯电路基板,该第一散热器和该第二散热器设置在该金属芯电路基板的另一侧。
7.如权利要求1所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:所述第一发光二极管为蓝光发光二极管,第二发光二极管为红光发光二极管。
8.如权利要求7所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:该发光二极管灯具还包括一反射罩,该蓝光发光二极管的表面设有黄色荧光粉,由蓝光二极管产生的蓝光激发黄色荧光粉产生黄光,蓝光与黄光在该反射罩相混合而产生白光。 
9.如权利要求1所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:第一发光二极管为绿光发光二极管与蓝光发光二极管的组合;第二发光二极管为红光发光二极管与黄光发光二极管的组合。
10.如权利要求9所述的发光二极管灯具,其特征在于:该发光二极管灯具还包括一罩设于第一发光二极管与第二发光二极管外侧的散射片,第一发光二极管与第二发光二极管所产生的光线经散射片混光后产生白光。 
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