CN101458249B - 一种具有溶液储室兼泵体结构的微流体样品舟 - Google Patents

一种具有溶液储室兼泵体结构的微流体样品舟 Download PDF

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CN101458249B
CN101458249B CN2007101986003A CN200710198600A CN101458249B CN 101458249 B CN101458249 B CN 101458249B CN 2007101986003 A CN2007101986003 A CN 2007101986003A CN 200710198600 A CN200710198600 A CN 200710198600A CN 101458249 B CN101458249 B CN 101458249B
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高云华
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Shenzhen Boshi Diagnostic Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有溶液储室兼泵体结构的微流体样品舟，包括：腔室通道层、腔室通道密封层、焊接有磁敏传感器芯片的印刷电路板、和流体注入口；其中，在腔室通道层中设置有废液池、反应检测室、溶液储室兼泵室以及微通道；所述溶液储室兼泵室包括样品储室和试剂储室，所述腔室通道密封层和所述腔室通道层对准密封，以形成完整的废液池、反应检测室、可密封溶液注入口、溶液储室兼泵室以及微通道。本发明利用溶液储室内安放有弹性密封体，在外在压力下能够推动储室内的溶液进入微通道，便于定量，使用方便。

Description

一种具有溶液储室兼泵体结构的微流体样品舟
技术领域
本发明涉及用于化学和生物样品检测的微流体生物芯片，特别是在微流体通道内装载微小磁敏传感器生物芯片，实现生物样品、化学样品的进样、反应、分离和检测的微流体样品舟。
背景技术
由于使用微量溶液的微流体技术的发展，使得实验室芯片(LOC)或微流体芯片的用途得以脱离传统研究实验的束缚，更进一步迈向较具实用性价值的商业应用上。在化学、生物等领域，微流体系统得到越来越多的应用，如微量流体的传输、微量化合物合成、样品分离、成分分析及化学反应。
目前微流体芯片以电泳芯片为主，反应试剂的注入是靠电泳、电渗来实现，虽然能实现微量注液的目的，但是重复性差。而使用注射器注入的方法虽然简单，但是使用的溶液量多，往往会有试剂的浪费。针对准确微量进样问题，特别是多种溶液顺序进样问题，近年来，很多学者进行了广泛的研究，并提出了多种不同方法，开发各种微泵、微阀来实现溶液的准确顺序定量注入系统。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了能够降低微流体芯片的生产成本，减小微流体芯片体积，结合结构简单的特殊微结构和外在压力驱动的方式提供定量供液并且促进微通道内微流体的充分混合反应，提高混合效率，从而提供装载微小生物芯片的微流体样品舟。该微流体样品舟具有实用性强、结构简单、成本低等特点。
本发明提供了一种具有溶液储室兼泵体结构的微流体样品舟，包括：腔室通道层、腔室通道密封层、焊接有磁敏传感器芯片的印刷电路板、和流体注入口；其中：
在腔室通道层中设置有废液池、反应检测室、溶液储室兼泵室以及微通道；所述废液池带有废液的出口，该废液池通过微通道与反应检测室连通，反应检测室的另一端口通过微通道与溶液储室兼泵室以及流体注入口连通；
所述溶液储室兼泵室包括样品储室和试剂储室，由形状为柱形的腔室和起密封与阀作用的弹性球体构成，用于储存样品或反应试剂；
所述腔室通道密封层和所述腔室通道层对准密封，以形成完整的废液池、反应检测室、可密封溶液注入口、溶液储室兼泵室以及微通道；
所述腔室通道密封层在对应所述反应室的位置开有芯片窗口；所述焊接有磁敏传感器芯片的印刷电路板和腔室通道密封层对准密封后，磁敏传感器芯片和芯片窗口对准形成坐落在反应室底部反应检测表面；
所述磁敏传感器芯片表面被生物功能化后形成生物芯片，该生物芯片通过印刷电路板上的导线与微流体样品舟外的测试仪连接。
根据本发明，所述溶液储室兼泵室由形状为柱形的腔室和起密封作用的弹性球体或柱体构成。
根据本发明，所述柱形腔室分为上中下三部分，上部直径大于中部直径和下部直径，靠近微通道端的出口直径为下部直径，下部直径等于或大于柱形腔室的中部直径。
根据本发明，在一个柱形腔室内有两个起密封与阀作用的弹性球体。其中，一个弹性球体直径略大于所述柱形腔室上部直径；另一个球体直径略大于所述柱形腔室中部直径，并且略小于靠近微通道端的下部出口直径；当上面的弹性球体被推向柱形腔室下部出口方向时，上面弹性球体把溶液挤压出柱形溶液储室之出口，并且密封柱体的腔室，同时在腔室中部的球体被受压液体推向柱形腔室下部出口和微通道相连的一端时，弹性球体密封作用消失，溶液流出腔室出口，经微通道流入反应检测室。
其中，所述弹性球体的直径略大于所述柱形腔室上半部分的直径，当弹性球体被推向柱形腔室下方出口方向时，弹性球体把溶液挤压出柱形溶液储室之出口，并且密封柱体的腔室。
根据本发明，所述焊接有芯片的印刷电路板包括印刷电路底板、磁敏传感器芯片和连接导线。
根据本发明，所述可密封溶液注入口的表面使用密封材料密封。
本发明所提供的具有溶液储室兼泵体结构的微型磁敏传感器生物芯片的微流体样品舟内含有溶液储室兼泵室的结构，具有三个优点：1)溶液储室和泵体一体化，使其同时又兼有了泵和阀的作用，溶液储室内能定量储存溶液，通过外在压力驱动弹性体的运动使溶液定量注入微通道内，以简便的方法解决了微量定量供给反应试剂的难题；2)外在驱动能够程序控制，非常容易达到顺序注射的目的；3)结构简单，易于加工，特别适用于预先储存反应试剂的一次性生物芯片样品舟类的产品。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的微流体样品舟腔室通道层的正面俯视图。
图2A为本发明实施例1的腔体通道密封层上表面示意图。
图2B为本发明实施例1的腔体通道密封层下表面示意图。
图3为本发明实施例1的焊接有芯片的印刷电路板示意图。
图4A为本发明实施例1中溶液储室兼泵室在有溶液状态下的示意图。
图4B为本发明实施例1中溶液储室兼泵室在溶液流出后状态下的示意图。
图4C为本发明实施例2中溶液储室兼泵室的示意图。
图5为本发明实施例1的溶液注入口示意图。
图6为本发明实施例1的微流体样品舟结构侧面组装示意图。
图7为本发明实施例3微流体样品舟结构的下表面示意图。
附图标记
腔室通道层10；溶液储室兼泵室11；柱形的腔室12；柱形的腔室上部121；柱形的腔室中部122；柱形的腔室下部123；
弹性体13，弹性球体131，132；弹性柱体133，134；
衬底101；可密封溶液注入口102；溶液储室入口103；微通道104；反应检测室105；废液室106；废液室出口107；
腔室通道密封层20；腔室通道密封层的上表面21；腔室通道密封层的下表面22；芯片窗口201；芯片焊接线密封空间203；
焊接有芯片的印刷电路板30；磁敏传感器芯片301；印刷电路底板302；连接导线303；
溶液注射头40。
具体实施方式
实施例1
请参见图1、图2A、图2B、图3、图4A、图4B、图5和图6。
微流体样品舟基本结构包括腔室通道层10和腔室通道密封层
如图1所示，所述的腔室通道层10中建立有101衬底；102可密封溶液注入口；11溶液储室兼泵室；104微通道；105反应检测室；106废液室；107废液室出口。
所述的废液池106带有废液的出口107，该废液池106通过微通道104与反应检测室105连通，反应检测室105的另一端口通过微通道104与溶液储室兼泵室11以及溶液注入口102连通。
参见图2A和图2B，所述腔室通道密封层20分上表面21和下表面22。腔室通道密封层20在对应所述反应检测室105的位置开有芯片窗口201。所述腔室通道密封层20的上表面21和所述腔室通道层10对准密封以形成完整的废液池106、反应检测室105、可密封溶液注入口102、溶液储室兼泵室11以及微通道104。
所述腔室通道密封层20的下表面22的芯片窗口201边缘有芯片焊接线密封空间203。如图3所示，焊接有磁敏传感器的印刷电路板30和腔室通道密封层20对准密封后，磁敏传感器芯片301和芯片窗口201对准形成坐落在反应检测室105底部反应检测表面；所述的焊接有芯片的印刷电路板30包括印刷电路底板302、磁敏传感器芯片301和连接导线303。
参见图4A和图4B，所述溶液储室兼泵室11可以用来储存样品或反应试剂，样品或反应试剂通过溶液储室兼泵室的入口103加入室内，溶液储室兼泵室11主要由形状为柱形的腔室12和起密封作用的弹性体13构成。所述柱形的腔室12分为两种，一种是由两个不同直径的柱体组成，上部121直径大于下部123直径；另一种是由三个不同直径的柱体组成，上部121直径大于中部122和底部123直径，中部直径略小于底部直径。所述弹性体13即对溶液储室起到密封作用也起到阀的作用。弹性体13直径略大于所述柱形腔室直径。如图4B所示，当弹性球体131被推向柱形腔室下方时，弹性球体把溶液挤压出柱形腔室下方出口，溶液经微通道104流入反应检测室105；
所述溶液储室兼泵室11内当有两个弹性球体时，一个弹性球体131直径略大于所述柱形腔室上部121直径。一个弹性球体132直径略大于所述柱形腔室中部122直径并略小于柱形腔室下部123直径。当溶液储室内存有液体时，弹性球体132封在柱形腔室中部122，当上面的弹性球体131被推向柱形腔室下方出口方向时，上面弹性球体131把溶液挤压出柱形溶液储室之出口，并且密封柱形腔室121下部。下面的球体132被受压液体推向柱形腔室下方出口和微通道104相连的一端时，下面的弹性球体132密封作用消失，溶液流出腔室出口，经微通道104流入反应检测室105。
如图5所示，所述可密封溶液注入口102，是用来注入缓冲液或反应试剂的入口。注入口的表面使用密封材料密封，当需要注入溶液时，使用溶液注射头40(样品舟之外的器件)扎入可密封溶液注入口102即可注入溶液。
图6是组装后的样品舟的侧视图。
该样品舟使用时将待测样品滴加到其中一个溶液储池，用弹性球或弹性柱封口，然后插到检测仪的特定位置。检测仪上对应的溶液储室上方是可程序驱动的移动杆(可以程序控制的上下移动的部件，像柱状活塞)，该驱动杆推动弹性球或柱向下移动同时将溶液挤出腔室。
另外，样品舟安放在仪器上后，可密封溶液注入口也对应着仪器上相应的注射器的位置，注射器在程序控制下可以同时上下移动或顺序上下移动，当向下运动时溶液注射头40扎入密封的溶液注入口将溶液注入，当溶液注射头离开注入口时，注入口被密封住。
实施例2
如图4C所示，本实施例与实施例1的区别是在于溶液储室兼泵室11的结构不同，该泵室内由弹性柱体133，134起密封作用。
所述溶液储室兼泵室11可以用来储存样品或反应试剂，样品或反应试剂通过溶液储室兼泵室的入口103加入室内，溶液储室兼泵室11主要由形状为柱形的腔室12和起密封作用的弹性体13构成。所述柱形的腔室12分为两种，一种是由两个不同直径的柱体组成，上部121直径大于下部123直径；另一种是由三个不同直径的柱体组成，上部121直径大于中部122和底部123直径，中部直径略小于底部直径。所述弹性体13即对溶液储室起到密封作用也起到阀的作用。弹性体13直径略大于所述柱形腔室直径。如图4C所示，当弹性柱体133被推向柱形腔室下方时，弹性柱体把溶液挤压出柱形腔室下方出口，溶液经微通道104流入反应检测室105；
所述溶液储室兼泵室11内当有两个弹性柱体时，一个弹性柱体133直径略大于所述柱形腔室上部121直径。一个弹性柱体134直径略大于所述柱形腔室中部122直径并略小于柱形腔室下部123直径。当溶液储室内存有液体时，弹性柱体134封在柱形腔室中部122，当上面的弹性柱体133被推向柱形腔室下方出口方向时，上面弹性柱体133把溶液挤压出柱形溶液储室之出口，并且密封柱形腔室121下部。下面的柱体134被受压液体推向柱形腔室下方出口和微通道104相连的一端时，下面的弹性柱体134密封作用消失，溶液流出腔室出口，经微通道104流入反应检测室105。
实施例3
如图7所示，本实施例与实施例1的区别是在于溶液储室兼泵室11的位置与溶液注入口不在同一条微通道上。
微流体样品舟基本结构包括腔室通道层10和腔室通道密封层20。
所述的腔室通道层10中建立有101衬底；102可密封溶液注入口；11溶液储室兼泵室；104微通道；105反应检测室；106废液室；107废液室出口。
所述的废液池106带有废液的出口107，该废液池106通过微通道104与反应检测室105连通，反应检测室105的另一端口通过微通道104分别与溶液储室兼泵室11以及溶液注入口102连通。
其他结构如实施例1，所述腔室通道密封层20分上表面21和下表面22。腔室通道密封层20在对应所述反应检测室105的位置开有芯片窗口201。所述腔室通道密封层20的上表面21和所述腔室通道层10对准密封以形成完整的废液池106、反应检测室105、可密封溶液注入口102、溶液储室兼泵室11以及微通道104。
所述腔室通道密封层20的下表面22的芯片窗口201边缘有芯片焊接线密封空间203。如图3所示，焊接有磁敏传感器的印刷电路板30和腔室通道密封层20对准密封后，磁敏传感器芯片301和芯片窗口201对准形成坐落在反应检测室105底部反应检测表面；所述的焊接有芯片的印刷电路板30包括印刷电路底板302、磁敏传感器芯片301和连接导线303。
所述可密封溶液注入口102，是用来注入缓冲液或反应试剂的入口。注入口的表面使用密封材料密封，当需要注入溶液时，使用溶液注射头40(样品舟之外的器件)扎入可密封溶液注入口102即可注入溶液。
本发明通过上面的实施例进行举例说明，但是，本发明并不限于这里所描述的特殊实例和实施方案。在这里包含这些特殊实例和实施方案的目的在于帮助本领域中的技术人员实践本发明。任何本领域中的技术人员很容易在不脱离分发明精神和范围的情况下进行进一步的改进和完善，因此分发明只受到本发明权利要求的内容和范围的限制，其意图涵盖所有包括在由附录权利要求所限定的本发明精神和范围内的备选方案和等同方案。

Claims (3)

1.一种具有溶液储室兼泵体结构的微流体样品舟，包括：腔室通道层、腔室通道密封层、焊接有磁敏传感器芯片的印刷电路板、和溶液注入口；其特征在于：
在腔室通道层中设置有废液池、反应检测室、溶液储室兼泵室以及微通道；所述废液池带有废液的出口，该废液池通过微通道与反应检测室连通，反应检测室的另一端口通过微通道与溶液储室兼泵室以及溶液注入口连通；
所述溶液储室兼泵室包括样品储室和试剂储室，由形状为柱形的腔室和起密封与阀作用的弹性球体或弹性柱体构成，用于储存样品或反应试剂；
所述柱形的腔室分为上中下三部分，上部直径大于中部直径和下部直径，靠近微通道端的出口直径为下部直径，下部直径等于或大于柱形的腔室的中部直径；在所述柱形的腔室内有两个所述起密封与阀作用的弹性球体或弹性柱体；其中一个弹性球体或弹性柱体位于所述柱形的腔室中的上部，且直径略大于所述柱形腔室上部直径；另一个弹性球体或弹性柱体位于所述柱形的腔室中的下部，且直径略大于所述柱形腔室中部直径，并且略小于靠近微通道端的下部出口直径；当上面的弹性球体或弹性柱体被推向柱形腔室下部出口方向时，上面弹性球体或弹性柱体把溶液挤压出柱形溶液储室之出口，并且密封柱体的腔室，同时在腔室中部的弹性球体或弹性柱体被受压液体推向柱形腔室下部出口和微通道相连的一端时，弹性球体或弹性柱体密封作用消失，溶液流出腔室出口，经微通道流入反应检测室；
所述腔室通道密封层和所述腔室通道层对准密封，以形成完整的废液池、反应检测室、密封的溶液注入口、溶液储室兼泵室以及微通道；
所述腔室通道密封层在对应所述反应室的位置开有芯片窗口；所述焊接有磁敏传感器芯片的印刷电路板和腔室通道密封层对准密封后，磁敏传感器芯片和芯片窗口对准形成坐落在反应室底部反应检测表面；
所述磁敏传感器芯片表面被生物功能化后形成生物芯片，该生物芯片通过印刷电路板上的导线与微流体样品舟外的测试仪连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微流体样品舟，其特征在于：所述焊接有芯片的印刷电路板包括印刷电路底板、磁敏传感器芯片和连接导线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微流体样品舟，其特征在于：所述密封的溶液注入口的表面使用密封材料密封。
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