CN101458127A - Temperature sensor with 10<-4>K resolution and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Temperature sensor with 10<-4>K resolution and manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101458127A
CN101458127A CNA2009100604091A CN200910060409A CN101458127A CN 101458127 A CN101458127 A CN 101458127A CN A2009100604091 A CNA2009100604091 A CN A2009100604091A CN 200910060409 A CN200910060409 A CN 200910060409A CN 101458127 A CN101458127 A CN 101458127A
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China
Prior art keywords
temperature
thermistor
resistance
temperature sensor
bridge
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Pending
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CNA2009100604091A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘鹏
段文丽
熊伟
胡善洲
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Priority to CNA2009100604091A priority Critical patent/CN101458127A/en
Publication of CN101458127A publication Critical patent/CN101458127A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention relates to a temperature sensor which can recognize 10<-4>K and a fabricating method thereof. The temperature sensor comprises precision resistances R1 and R2, a thermistance R3, an adjustable precision resistance R4, a capacitance C, a voltage-stabilizing source, an mV level data acquisition device and a computer; wherein, the R1, R2, R3 and R4 and C are connected to form a wheatstone bridge, the two ends of the bridge are connected with the voltage-stabilizing source, the input terminal of the mV level data acquisition device is connected with the output of the bridge, the output terminal of the mV level data acquisition device is connected with the input terminal of the computer. The fabricating method includes the following steps: insulated heat conducting silicon oil is added to a thin-walled glass tube, a glass bead of the thermistance is immersed in the silicon oil, then the thermistance is encapsulated in the thin-walled glass tube with epoxide resin, two leads are elicited to be directly connected with the circuit, thus forming the temperature sensor. With the selection of MF54-1a glass-bead-typed precision NTC thermistance, the temperature ranging from -10 DEG C to 200 DEG C can be measured by adjusting the variable resistance. The temperature sensor has high precision, low price and convenient use and is easy to be processed into an auxiliary attachment for a special place.

Description

A kind ofly can differentiate 10 -4K temperature sensor and preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the physical chemistry technical field, particularly a kind of have can differentiate 10 -4K temperature sensor and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Measure the system temperature that causes owing to heat interchange and change, always be the basic means of calorimetry.The performance of temperature measurement system is depended in the accuracy of calorimetry and sensitivity to a great extent.In calorimetry, thermometry is had the requirement of two aspects: the first is to the requirement of the absolute accuracy of measured temperature; Another kind is the variation or the temperature difference that requirement can precisely measuring temperature, promptly requires temperature in respect of high temperature resolution, but and does not require the accurate absolute value that obtains temperature.
When thermometer and system to be measured reached thermal equilibrium, the temperature of thermometer can equal the temperature of system to be measured.Because temperature can not directly be measured, can only come indirect determination by measuring other physical quantitys that cause by temperature.Present thermometric method is very many, and the measurement thermometer of often using at calorimeter mainly contains following several types:
1. glass liquid thermometer
Glass liquid thermometer is made up of glass capillary and liquid, utilizes the expansion coefficient difference of liquid and glass to measure temperature.This thermometer of main use is measured the calorimeter that the mechanical equivalent of heat is used such as joule in the early stage calorimeter.But this thermometer volume is big, and precision is not high, can only accurately measure bigger temperature variation; And must artificial reading, collecting temperature data automatically are not so re-used such thermometer at the calorimeter in modern times.
2. metallic resistance thermometer
Between the resistance value of pure metal and the temperature certain functional relation is arranged, by the resistance value of measuring metal just can be relatively accurate the temperature of definite object being measured.And another characteristics of metallic thermometer are its thermometric favorable reproducibility, and it is little to drift about, so generally be used for measuring absolute temperature.The most frequently used metallic resistance thermometer is a platinum-resistance thermometer.This is because the chemical property of platinum is stable, high temperature resistant, broad temperature applicable range.But its shortcoming is that the resolution to temperature is not very high.
3. compensation by thermistor
The temperature coefficient of thermistor is much bigger with respect to metal.Generally to come with the resistance that the measurement temperature is used be the thermistor of negative temperature coefficient (NTC), and its resistance value is index decreased with the rising of temperature.It than metallic resistance thermometer sensitivity many.Can measure temperature accurately by measuring electric potential signal, the resolution of thermometric is the highest can to reach 10 μ K or littler.Another characteristics of thermistor are can make very little, such as can make the thermistor that has only the micron order size in chip.The general packaged diameter of thermistor commonly used also has only 2mm.Small size can reduce thermal capacitance and heat transfer time, reduces the response time.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, develop that a kind of cost is low, resolution is better than existing Beckman thermometer, thermometer that can online detection.
Of the present inventionly a kind ofly can differentiate 10 -4The K temperature sensor, it comprises the 1st precision resistance R 1, the 2nd precision resistance R 2, thermistor R 3, scalable precision resistance R 4, capacitor C, stabilized voltage supply 1, mV level data harvester 2 and computing machine, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Connect to form resistance bridge with C, these electric bridge two termination stabilized voltage supplys, electric bridge output is connected with mV level data harvester input end, and the output terminal of mV level data harvester is connected with the computing machine input end, wherein, precision resistance R 1With precision resistance R 2Resistance is 50K Ω, thermistor R 3Resistance is 80K Ω when using 25 ℃, and it is 15V that stabilized voltage supply provides the operating voltage of bridge for measuring temperature.Resistance bridge can be converted into the nonlinear relationship of the resistance of thermistor and temperature the linear relationship of electric potential signal and temperature.The mensuration variation of temperature is converted into electric potential signal by the variation of the resistance of thermistor, and electric potential signal directly shows on computers by data collector.
Thermistor R of the present invention 3The model of selecting for use Wuhan SeaBird Electronics Co., Ltd. (former Wuhan City radio component two factories) to produce is the accurate NTC themistor of MF54-1a beaded glass type.Its temperature coefficient that marks is 4.2%～4.8%/℃, the serviceability temperature scope is-10 ℃～200 ℃.
Of the present inventionly can differentiate 10 -4The preparation method of K temperature sensor adds insulating heat-conductive silicone oil, thermistor R in the thin-walled glass pipe 3Beaded glass be immersed in the silicone oil, then with epoxy resin with thermistor R 3Be encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe, draw two leads and receive in the aforesaid whiston bridge circuit, promptly constitute and to differentiate 10 -4The K temperature sensor.
The senser element that the present invention selects is a kind of thermistor of resistance specification, and resistance was about 80K Ω when temp measuring system used 25 ℃, can reduce the influence of thermal power to measuring of thermistor under the situation that increases the electric bridge operating voltage like this.This thermistor precision height, low price, easy to use.
Thermistor resistance and temperature are non-linear, but have certain exponential function relation.In very wide temperature range, be to be " S " type curved line relation between bridge output voltage and the temperature, but in narrow temperature range, bridge output voltage and temperature but have reasonable linear relationship.For example, in 15 ℃～25 ℃ temperature range, the linearly dependent coefficient between bridge output voltage and the temperature can reach 0.9999.This product mainly is that hope can resolution＜10 -4K so the temperature range of measuring is not too large, within ± 1K, in so little temperature range, is linear relationship between bridge output voltage and the temperature generally fully.So resistance bridge can be converted into the nonlinear relationship of the resistance of thermistor and temperature the linear relationship of electric potential signal and temperature fully.The every change of mensuration temperature 1K in this product, the change of bridge output voltage be 180mV; The every change 10 of temperature -4K, the change of bridge output voltage be 0.018mV.Electric bridge output is coupled together with mV level data harvester, directly show on computers, then can measure 10 -4The temperature variation of K.
Thermistor volume I used in the present invention reduces the response time, and is processed as the auxiliary equipment in special place easily to reduce thermal capacitance and heat transfer time.
Temperature measurement accuracy of the present invention is 10 -4K is better than the temperature measurement accuracy (10 of Beckman thermometer -3K).
The present invention and mV level data harvester couple together, and directly show on computers, slight change that can online detected temperatures for a long time.
Temperature-measuring range of the present invention can be regulated by the variable resistor on the bridge for measuring temperature, minimum can be to-10 ℃, the highlyest can overcome the shortcoming of liquid-filled thermometer to 200 ℃.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 of the present inventionly can differentiate 10 -4The conspectus of K temperature sensor
R1-the 1st precision resistance, R among the figure 2-Di 2 precision resistances, R 3-thermistor, R 4-scalable precision resistance, C-electric capacity, 1-stabilized voltage supply, 2-mV level data harvester.
Embodiment
Auspiciously with reference to the accompanying drawings state the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Be connected according to method shown in Figure 1 with C, wherein R 1=R 2=50K Ω, R 3Be thermistor, resistance is about 80K Ω, R in the time of 25 ℃ 4It is the scalable precision resistance.The operating voltage of stabilized voltage supply is 15V.Add insulating heat-conductive silicone oil in the thin-walled glass pipe, the beaded glass of thermistor is immersed in the silicone oil, with epoxy resin thermistor is encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe then, draws two leads and receives in the circuit.With variable resistor R 4Be adjusted to about 80K Ω, can measure the temperature of 22 ℃～28 ℃ of scopes, temperature resolution 10 -4K.Beckman thermometer and this product are placed Water Tank with Temp.-controlled simultaneously, and temperature monitoring resolution of the present invention is better than order of magnitude (10 of Beckman thermometer -3K).
Embodiment 2
With R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Be connected according to method shown in Figure 1 with C, wherein R 1=R 2=50K Ω, R 3Be thermistor, resistance is about 80K Ω, R in the time of 25 ℃ 4It is the scalable precision resistance.The operating voltage of stabilized voltage supply is 15V.Add a spot of insulating heat-conductive silicone oil in the thin-walled glass pipe, the beaded glass of thermistor is immersed in the silicone oil, with epoxy resin thermistor is encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe then, draws two leads and receives in the circuit.With variable resistor R 4Be adjusted to about 110K Ω, can measure the temperature of 15 ℃～21 ℃ of scopes, temperature resolution 10 -4K.Beckman thermometer and this product are placed Water Tank with Temp.-controlled simultaneously, and temperature monitoring resolution of the present invention is better than order of magnitude (10 of Beckman thermometer -3K).
Embodiment 3
With R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Be connected according to method shown in Figure 1 with C, wherein R 1=R 2=50K Ω, R 3Be thermistor, resistance is about 80K Ω, R in the time of 25 ℃ 4It is the scalable precision resistance.The operating voltage of stabilized voltage supply is 15V.Add a spot of insulating heat-conductive silicone oil in the thin-walled glass pipe, the beaded glass of thermistor is immersed in the silicone oil, with epoxy resin thermistor is encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe then, draws two leads and receives in the circuit.With variable resistor R 4Be adjusted to about 150K Ω, can measure the temperature of 8 ℃～14 ℃ of scopes, temperature resolution 10 -4K.Beckman thermometer and this product are placed Water Tank with Temp.-controlled simultaneously, and temperature monitoring resolution of the present invention is better than order of magnitude (10 of Beckman thermometer -3K).
Embodiment 4
With R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Be connected according to method shown in Figure 1 with C, wherein R 1=R 2=50K Ω, R 3Be thermistor, resistance is about 80K Ω, R in the time of 25 ℃ 4It is the scalable precision resistance.The operating voltage of stabilized voltage supply is 15V.Add a spot of insulating heat-conductive silicone oil in the thin-walled glass pipe, the beaded glass of thermistor is immersed in the silicone oil, with epoxy resin thermistor is encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe then, draws two leads and receives in the circuit.With variable resistor R 4Be adjusted to about 60K Ω, can measure the temperature of 29 ℃～34 ℃ of scopes, temperature resolution 10 -4K.Beckman thermometer and this product are placed Water Tank with Temp.-controlled simultaneously, and the temperature monitoring resolution of wood invention is better than order of magnitude (10 of Beckman thermometer -3K).
Embodiment 5
With R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Be connected according to method shown in Figure 1 with C, wherein R 1=R 2=50K Ω, R 3Be thermistor, resistance is about 80K Ω, R in the time of 25 ℃ 4It is the scalable precision resistance.The operating voltage of stabilized voltage supply is 15V.Add a spot of insulating heat-conductive silicone oil in the thin-walled glass pipe, the beaded glass of thermistor is immersed in the silicone oil, with epoxy resin thermistor is encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe then, draws two leads and receives in the circuit.With variable resistor R 4Be adjusted to about 40K Ω, can measure the temperature of 35 ℃～40 ℃ of scopes, temperature resolution 10 -4K.Beckman thermometer and this product are placed Water Tank with Temp.-controlled simultaneously, and temperature monitoring resolution of the present invention is better than order of magnitude (10 of Beckman thermometer -3K).
Embodiment 6
With R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Be connected according to method shown in Figure 1 with C, wherein R 1=R 2=50K Ω, R 3Be thermistor, resistance is about 80K Ω, R in the time of 25 ℃ 4It is the scalable precision resistance.The operating voltage of stabilized voltage supply is 15V.Add a spot of insulating heat-conductive silicone oil in the thin-walled glass pipe, the beaded glass of thermistor is immersed in the silicone oil, with epoxy resin thermistor is encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe then, draws two leads and receives in the circuit.With variable resistor R 4Be adjusted to about 20K Ω, can measure the temperature of 41 ℃～50 ℃ of scopes, temperature resolution 10 -4K.Beckman thermometer and this product are placed Water Tank with Temp.-controlled simultaneously, and temperature monitoring resolution of the present invention is better than order of magnitude (10 of Beckman thermometer -3K).

Claims (3)

1, a kind ofly can differentiate 10 -4The K temperature sensor is characterized in that, it comprises the 1st precision resistance R 1, the 2nd precision resistance R 2, thermistor R 3, scalable precision resistance R 4, capacitor C, stabilized voltage supply (1), mV level data harvesters (2) and computing machine, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4Connect to form resistance bridge with C, these electric bridge two termination stabilized voltage supplys, electric bridge output is connected with mV level data harvester input end, and the output terminal of mV level data harvester is connected with the computing machine input end, wherein, R 1With R 2Resistance is 50K Ω, thermistor R 3Resistance is 80K Ω when using 25 ℃, and it is 15V that stabilized voltage supply provides the operating voltage of bridge for measuring temperature.
2, according to claim 1ly can differentiate 10 -4The K temperature sensor is characterized in that, described thermistor R 3Be the accurate NTC themistor of MF54-1a beaded glass type, its temperature coefficient that marks is 4.2%～4.8%/℃, the serviceability temperature scope is-10 ℃～200 ℃.
3, claim 1 is described can differentiate 10 -4The preparation method of K temperature sensor is characterized in that, adds insulating heat-conductive silicone oil, thermistor R in the thin-walled glass pipe 3Beaded glass be immersed in the silicone oil, then with epoxy resin with thermistor R 3Be encapsulated in the thin-walled glass pipe, draw two leads and receive in the described whiston bridge circuit, promptly constitute and to differentiate 10 -4The K temperature sensor.
CNA2009100604091A 2009-01-04 2009-01-04 Temperature sensor with 10<-4>K resolution and manufacturing method Pending CN101458127A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103528710A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-01-22 安徽英特电子有限公司 Perfusate temperature detector
CN105890807A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-08-24 深圳市诺天恒科技有限公司 Temperature monitoring technique for heating filament of low-resistance atomizer
CN107703192A (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-16 黄川� Thermistor（NTC）Microballon gas analysis sensor
CN111765985A (en) * 2020-06-18 2020-10-13 杭州棒糖网络科技有限公司 Circuit and method for realizing high-precision temperature measurement based on 12-bit ADC (analog to digital converter)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103528710A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-01-22 安徽英特电子有限公司 Perfusate temperature detector
CN103528710B (en) * 2013-10-30 2015-12-30 安徽英特电子有限公司 Perfusion liquid temperature detector
CN105890807A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-08-24 深圳市诺天恒科技有限公司 Temperature monitoring technique for heating filament of low-resistance atomizer
CN107703192A (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-16 黄川� Thermistor（NTC）Microballon gas analysis sensor
CN111765985A (en) * 2020-06-18 2020-10-13 杭州棒糖网络科技有限公司 Circuit and method for realizing high-precision temperature measurement based on 12-bit ADC (analog to digital converter)

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Open date: 20090617