CN101452253A - Method for acquiring colorful digital holographic image - Google Patents
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- CN101452253A CN101452253A CNA2007101884550A CN200710188455A CN101452253A CN 101452253 A CN101452253 A CN 101452253A CN A2007101884550 A CNA2007101884550 A CN A2007101884550A CN 200710188455 A CN200710188455 A CN 200710188455A CN 101452253 A CN101452253 A CN 101452253A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for acquiring a colorful digital holographic image. The method is technically characterized in that a black and white type area array CCD and multiple recording wavelength lens-free fourier transform hologram recording optical path are used for respectively shooting a single-color digital hologram of an object to be recorded under the irradiation of red, green and blue laser; after the zeroing treatment of the acquired single-color digital holograms is carried out to acquire the corresponding zeroed digital holograms, the median filtering pretreatment is respectively carried out to acquire the corresponding median filtering pretreatment holograms, then the inverse fast fourier transform operation is carried out, and the acquired red, green and blue single-color digital holograms are respectively inputted into a three-layer zero matrix to acquire a colorful digital holographic image of the object to be recorded. According to the method, the position of a reproduced image on a value reconstruction image plane is fixed by the distance between the recorded object on an object plane and a reference point light source during the recording and is not changed with the recording distance. In addition, the method has less constraint on the horizontal size of the object to be recorded and has a larger space-bandwidth product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of acquisition methods of colorful digital holographic image, belong to the Digital Holography field.It is a kind of acquisition methods of the colorful digital holographic image based on digital holography and lensless fourier transform holography.
Background technology
Holographic recording and demonstration to color body are the importances that holographic technique is used, the method that generally adopts is traditional optical holography at present, as rainbow holography, transmission-type true color holography, reflective true color holography, true color synthetic hologram art etc. (" optical holography and application thereof ", Yu Meiwen work).Their implementation method is comparatively complicated, and main cause is: at first, the recording beam path complexity of hologram is difficult for building and adjusting; Secondly, chemical record media such as dry plate can't be reused, and are too high with its recorded hologram cost, and are not easy to duplicating and transmitting of hologram; Once more, hologram must be reset to and just can carry out the observation that color hologram reproduces picture in the original optical path, and its quality is vulnerable to the influence of color crosstalk, hologram reseting precision and observation visual angle etc.
The color hologram that utilizes digital holography to obtain the object that writes down similarly is an important directions of present holographic technique development.(Optics Communications 260 (2006) at its paper " Method for superposing reconstructed imagesfrom digital holograms of the same obj ect recorded at different distance and wavelength " for people such as B.Javidi and D.Alfieri, 113-116) (Optics Letters 30 (2005) with " Three-dimensional image fusion by useofmultiwavelength digital holography ", by being carried out zero padding from the digital hologram that axle fresnel holography light path writes down, use handles the demonstration size of adjusting digital holographic image under the different hologram record conditions (recording wavelength and record distance) 144-146), on this basis to identical red of the display size that obtains, green monochromatic holographic images is synthesized and is obtained colorful digital holographic image, but by digital hologram from axle fresnel holography recording beam path record, its numerical reconstruction picture position on reconstruction image plane, the thing ginseng angle during with hologram record and the change of record distance change, thereby can not guarantee the accurate coincidence of different recording distance numerical reconstruction picture, this will cause the border and the details of the colorful digital holographic image that synthesizes to become unintelligible, influence the quality that color hologram reproduces picture.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that solves
For fear of the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention proposes a kind of acquisition methods of colorful digital holographic image, can overcome existing problem and difficulty in the traditional optical color holography.In the time of can guaranteeing that colorful digital holographic image synthesizes, the accurate coincidence of each monochrome digital holographic images position on reconstruction image plane is to obtain accurate colorful digital holographic image with clear boundary and detailed structure.
Technical scheme
Technical characterictic of the present invention is that method step is:
(1) uses black and white type area array CCD and many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path, take respectively and be recorded the monochrome digital hologram A of object under red, green, blue laser lighting
R, A
G, A
B
(2) the monochrome digital hologram A to collecting
R, A
G, A
B, carry out the zero padding processing according to its record distance and recording wavelength respectively, obtain corresponding zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
B
(3) to zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
BCarry out the medium filtering pre-service respectively, obtain corresponding medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
B
(4) to medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
BCarry out the inverse fast fourier transform operation respectively, obtain corresponding red, green, blue monochrome digital holographic images;
(5) each monochrome digital holographic images of red, green, blue is input to three layers of zero moment that a pixel count is M * N * 3 respectively
In first, second and the 3rd layer of battle array, obtain being recorded the colorful digital holographic image of object.
Monochrome digital hologram A represents monochrome digital hologram A
ROr A
GOr A
B, recording wavelength is λ, and the record distance is D, and number of pixels is N
X* N
Y, Δ l
HFor being positioned at the Pixel Dimensions that digital hologram writes down the CCD on plane, Δ l is the Pixel Dimensions of the value reconstruction image of zero padding digital hologram B; Described monochrome digital hologram A zero padding treatment step is:
(1) according to L
X(L
Y)=λ D/ Δ l Δ l
H, obtain the number of pixels of null matrix on the one dimension direction that zero padding is handled, and to set up a number of pixels be L
X* L
YNull matrix;
(2) be that coordinate is [X+0.5 * (L in the pixel value replacement null matrix of [X, Y] with coordinate in the matrix of monochrome digital hologram A
X-N
X), Y+0.5 * (L
Y-N
Y)] zero pixel value, obtaining number of pixels is L
X* L
YZero padding digital hologram B.
Described medium filtering pre-treatment step is:
(1) the medium filtering window with m * n carries out medium filtering to zero padding digital hologram B, obtains the medium filtering hologram;
(2) zero padding digital hologram B and its medium filtering hologram are subtracted each other, obtain medium filtering pre-service hologram C.
Needed each monochrome digital hologram A
R, A
GAnd A
BNumber be more than or equal to 1, record distance is inequality under the constant situation of recording wavelength.
The span of described m * n is the integer in 2～10 intervals.
A kind of described shooting is recorded many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path of object, it is characterized in that: the light beam that each laser instrument of red, green, blue sends is first light beam and second light beam by beam splitting respectively, first light beam is strict to each other to be overlapped, and second light beam is strict to each other to be overlapped.First light beam irradiates is recorded object, and second light beam is interfered with first light beam of irradiated object reflection after bundle is converted into spherical light wave mutually through expanding, and forms an interference region; Black and white type area array CCD is arranged in the interference region, and the source point of spherical light wave to the light path of black and white type area array CCD photosurface be recorded the equivalent optical path of object to black and white type area array CCD photosurface; Designed the electronic shutter whether the control laser beam is passed through at red, green, blue laser instrument output terminal separately.
Describedly be recorded the change that object promptly writes down distance to the light path of black and white type area array CCD photosurface, realize along displacement perpendicular to the hologram record in-plane by regulating black and white type CCD.
Beneficial effect
The acquisition methods of the colorful digital holographic image that the present invention proposes, with respect to off-axis Fresnel holography, the position of numerical reconstruction picture on value reconstruction image plane of the digital hologram of its record of lensless fourier transform holography fixed by the distance that is recorded between object and the reference point source on when record object plane, the change with the record distance does not change, and the lateral dimension constraint to testee is less, has bigger space-bandwidth product.
At first, the color hologram that this method uses digital holography to be recorded object reproduces, and has overcome existing problem and difficulty in the traditional optical color holography, makes record and reproduction process all greatly simplify; Secondly, in the acquisition process of colorful digital holographic image, adopt many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path to carry out the record of each monochrome digital lensless Fourier transform hologram, because accurately equaling to write down to the distance of this planar central, the numerical reconstruction picture on its reconstruction image plane is recorded the object center on the object plane to the distance between the reference point source, and with the record range-independence of hologram, therefore can guarantee the accurate coincidence of each monochromatic reconstruction image position of different recording distance well, make the synthetic colorful digital holographic image that obtains have border and detailed structure clearly; Once more, can make full use of the finite bandwidth of CCD when the hologram record, reduce requirement, thereby help the raising of the resolution of the colorful digital holographic image that obtained CCD resolution based on the light channel structure of lensless fourier transform holography; At last, the numerical reconstruction process of digital lensless Fourier transform hologram is simple, only just can obtain digital holographic image by a two-dimensional Fourier transform, can save a large amount of operation times, satisfies the requirement that real time implementation is handled.
Description of drawings
Many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path of Fig. 1: embodiment
The experimental result of Fig. 2: embodiment 1, wherein: (a) and (b), (c) are not respectively and according to record condition each monochrome digital lensless Fourier transform hologram are carried out the red, green, blue digital holographic image of all kinds that the zero padding processing obtains; (d), (e) red, green digital holographic image of all kinds (Pixel Dimensions of value reconstruction image is identical with (c)) for according to record condition the monochrome digital hologram being carried out obtaining after zero padding is handled; (f) the synthetic colorful digital holographic image that obtains of (c), (d), (e) of serving as reasons.
The experimental result of Fig. 3: embodiment 2, wherein: (a) be the synthetic result that different recording distance ruddiness digital hologram reproduces picture; (b), (c) is respectively the synthetic result of corresponding green glow and blue light digital hologram reproduction picture; (d) (a) (b) (c) the synthetic colorful digital holographic image that obtains of serving as reasons; (e) be enlarged drawing to colorful digital holographic image in (d); (f) digital photograph that is recorded object for taking.
Embodiment
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described:
The step of embodiment 1 is as follows: step 1 is a recording process, and step 2 to 5 is reproduction processes.
(1) uses black and white type area array CCD and many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path, take respectively and be recorded the monochrome digital hologram A of object under red, green, blue laser lighting
R, A
G, A
B
(2) the monochrome digital hologram A to collecting
R, A
G, A
B, carry out the zero padding processing according to its record distance and recording wavelength respectively, obtain corresponding zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
B
(3) to zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
BCarry out the medium filtering pre-service respectively, obtain corresponding medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
B
(4) to medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
BCarry out the inverse fast fourier transform operation respectively, obtain corresponding red, green, blue monochrome digital holographic images;
(5) each monochrome digital holographic images of red, green, blue is input to respectively in first, second and the 3rd layer of three layers of null matrix that a pixel count is M * N * 3, obtains being recorded the colorful digital holographic image of object.
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path: it is He-Ne (He-Ne) laser instrument of 632.8nm that red laser is selected wavelength, it is the solid state laser of the semiconductor laser pumping of 532nm that green (light) laser is selected wavelength, and it is the semiconductor laser of 473nm that blue laser is selected wavelength.The light beam that each laser instrument of red, green, blue sends is first light beam and second light beam by beam splitting respectively, and first light beam is strict to each other to be overlapped, and second light beam is strict to each other to be overlapped.First light beam irradiates is recorded object, and second light beam is interfered with first light beam of irradiated object reflection after bundle is converted into spherical light wave mutually through expanding, and forms an interference region.Black and white type area array CCD just is arranged in the interference region.The number of pixels of black and white type area array CCD is 1392
H* 1040
V, Pixel Dimensions is 4.65 μ m * 4.65 μ m, and the source point of spherical light wave to the light path of black and white type area array CCD photosurface be recorded the equivalent optical path of object to black and white type area array CCD photosurface.Electronic shutter can be selected passing through the time of red, green, blue laser beam of all kinds, and the recording wavelength of monochrome digital hologram is controlled.By regulating black and white type CCD, can realize the control of record distance (being recorded the light path of object) to black and white type area array CCD photosurface to the monochrome digital hologram along displacement size perpendicular to the hologram record in-plane.
Use many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path of present embodiment to take each the monochrome digital hologram A of red, green, blue that is recorded object respectively
R, A
G, A
BRuddiness digital hologram A
RRecord condition be λ
1=632.8nm, D
1=45cm; Green glow digital hologram A
GRecord condition be λ
2=532nm, D
2=46cm; Blue light digital hologram A
BRecord condition be λ
3=473nm, D
3=47cm.
To the monochrome digital hologram A that collects
R, A
G, A
B, carry out the zero padding processing according to its record distance and recording wavelength respectively, obtain corresponding zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
BStep 2, its implementation process is: the recording wavelength of supposing monochrome digital hologram A is λ, record distance is D, number of pixels is N
X* N
Y, Δ l
HFor being positioned at the Pixel Dimensions that digital hologram writes down the CCD on plane, Δ l is the Pixel Dimensions of the value reconstruction image of zero padding digital hologram B; A. according to formula L
X(L
Y)=λ D/ Δ l Δ l
HCalculating is used for monochrome digital hologram A is carried out the number of pixels of null matrix on the one dimension direction that zero padding is handled; B. setting up a number of pixels is L
X* L
YNull matrix; C. be that coordinate is [X+0.5 * (L in the pixel value replacement null matrix of [X, Y] with coordinate in the matrix of monochrome digital hologram A
X-N
X), Y+0.5 * (L
Y-N
Y)] zero pixel value, obtaining number of pixels is L
X* L
YZero padding digital hologram B.According to above-mentioned steps (a-c), respectively to monochrome digital hologram A
R, A
G, A
BCarry out zero padding and handle, obtain corresponding zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
B
To zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
BCarry out the medium filtering pre-service respectively, obtain corresponding medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
BStep 3, it comprises following steps: the size that a. sets the medium filtering window is 3 * 3; C. zero padding digital hologram B and its medium filtering hologram are subtracted each other, obtain medium filtering pre-service hologram C; D. according to above-mentioned steps (a-c) to zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
BCarry out the medium filtering pre-service respectively, obtain corresponding medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
B
To medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
BCarry out numerical reconstruction respectively, obtain the step 4 of corresponding red, green, blue monochrome digital holographic images, it comprises following steps: a. is to medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
BCarry out the inverse fast fourier transform arithmetic operation respectively; B. promptly obtain corresponding red, green, blue monochrome digital holographic images after operation is finished.
Red, green, blue monochrome digital holographic images is synthesized, obtain the step 5 of colorful digital holographic image, it comprises following steps: a. sets up three layers of null matrix that a pixel count is M * N * 3; B. each monochrome digital holographic images of red, green, blue is input to respectively in first, second and the 3rd layer of these three layers of null matrix, the monochrome digital holographic images be the value reconstruction image of this chromatic number word hologram of certain single record distance CCD shooting; C. show importing three layer matrixs that obtain after each monochrome digital holographic images, promptly obtain being recorded the colorful digital holographic image of object.
Concrete operation is: according to record condition, calculating each zero padding digital hologram is L in the pass between the number of pixels on the one dimension direction
1: L
2: L
3=λ
1D
1: λ
2D
2: λ
3D
3≈ 1.281:1.101:1; The number of pixels of getting blue light zero padding hologram is 1392
H* 1392
V, then the pixel count of ruddiness and green glow zero padding hologram should be respectively 1784 at this moment
H* 1784
VWith 1532
H* 1532
VFig. 2 is the effect key diagram to this embodiment, wherein (a) and (b), (c) are not respectively and according to record condition each monochrome digital hologram are carried out the monochromatic holographic reconstructed image of red, green, blue that the zero padding processing obtains, (d), (e) is for carrying out red, the green monochromatic holographic reconstructed image that obtains after zero padding is handled, (f) serve as reasons (c), (d), (e) synthetic colorful digital holographic image that obtains according to record condition to the monochrome digital hologram.As can be seen, be used for the display size unanimity of colored each the monochrome digital holographic reconstructed image that synthesizes, the position accurately overlaps, and the synthetic colorful digital holographic image that obtains has border and detailed structure clearly.
Embodiment 2: the dissimilarity of embodiment 1 is the 5th step of method step, the monochrome digital holographic images that is used for synthetic colorful digital holographic image among the embodiment 1 is by the value reconstruction image of black and white type CCD at this chromatic number word hologram of certain single record distance shooting, the monochrome digital holographic images that is used for synthetic colorful digital holographic image among the embodiment 2 is the stack result of the value reconstruction image of many these chromatic number word holograms being taken in a plurality of different recording distances respectively by black and white type CCD, the latter is with respect to the former, therefore speckle field on its numerical reconstruction image planes can synthesize the higher colorful digital holographic image of quality by it owing to stack has smoothly obtained suppressing well.
Ruddiness digital hologram A
RRecord condition be λ
1=632.8nm, D
11=45cm, D
12=46cm, D
13=47cm; Green glow digital hologram A
GRecord condition be λ
2=532nm, D
21=45cm, D
22=46cm, D
23=47cm; Blue light digital hologram A
BRecord condition be λ
3=473nm, D
31=45cm, D
32=46cm, D
33=47cm.
According to above-mentioned record condition, implement according to step 1～4 of embodiment 1, then in step 5, with each 3 different distance of red, green, blue, totally 9 monochrome digital holographic images are synthesized, and obtain colorful digital holographic image.It comprises following steps: a. sets up three layers of null matrix that a pixel count is M * N * 3; B. each monochrome digital holographic images of red, green, blue is input to respectively in first, second and the 3rd layer of these three layers of null matrix, the monochrome digital holographic images is a plurality of different recording distance (45cm, 46cm, 47cm) stack result of CCD many these chromatic number word hologram value reconstruction image of taking respectively; C. show importing three layer matrixs that obtain after each monochrome digital holographic images, promptly obtain being recorded the colorful digital holographic image of object.
Claims (7)
1. the acquisition methods of a colorful digital holographic image is characterized in that method step is:
(1) uses black and white type area array CCD and many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path, take respectively and be recorded the monochrome digital hologram A of object under red, green, blue laser lighting
R, A
G, A
B
(2) the monochrome digital hologram A to collecting
R, A
G, A
B, carry out the zero padding processing according to its record distance and recording wavelength respectively, obtain corresponding zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
B
(3) to zero padding digital hologram B
R, B
G, B
BCarry out the medium filtering pre-service respectively, obtain corresponding medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
B
(4), to medium filtering pre-service hologram C
R, C
G, C
BCarry out the inverse fast fourier transform operation respectively, obtain corresponding red, green, blue monochrome digital holographic images;
(5) each monochrome digital holographic images of red, green, blue is input to respectively in first, second and the 3rd layer of three layers of null matrix that a pixel count is M * N * 3, obtains being recorded the colorful digital holographic image of object.
2. the acquisition methods of colorful digital holographic image according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: monochrome digital hologram A represents monochrome digital hologram A
ROr A
GOr A
B, recording wavelength is λ, and the record distance is D, and number of pixels is N
X* N
Y, Δ l
HFor being positioned at the Pixel Dimensions that digital hologram writes down the CCD on plane, Δ l is the Pixel Dimensions of the value reconstruction image of zero padding digital hologram B; Described monochrome digital hologram A zero padding treatment step is:
(1) according to L
X(L
Y)=λ D/ Δ l Δ l
H, obtain the number of pixels of null matrix on the one dimension direction that zero padding is handled, and to set up a number of pixels be L
X* L
YNull matrix;
(2) be that coordinate is [X+0.5 * (L in the pixel value replacement null matrix of [X, Y] with coordinate in the matrix of monochrome digital hologram A
X-N
X), Y+0.5 * (L
Y-N
Y)] zero pixel value, obtaining number of pixels is L
X* L
YZero padding digital hologram B.
3. the acquisition methods of colorful digital holographic image according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described medium filtering pre-treatment step is:
(1) the medium filtering window with m * n carries out medium filtering to zero padding digital hologram B, obtains the medium filtering hologram;
(2) zero padding digital hologram B and its medium filtering hologram are subtracted each other, obtain medium filtering pre-service hologram C.
4. the acquisition methods of colorful digital holographic image according to claim 1 is characterized in that: needed each monochrome digital hologram A
R, A
GAnd A
BNumber be more than or equal to 1, record distance is inequality under the constant situation of recording wavelength.
5. the acquisition methods of colorful digital holographic image according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the span of described m * n is the integer in 2～10 intervals.
6. realize that the described shooting of claim 1 is recorded many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path of object for one kind, it is characterized in that: the light beam that each laser instrument of red, green, blue sends is first light beam and second light beam by beam splitting respectively, first light beam is strict to each other to be overlapped, and second light beam is strict to each other to be overlapped; First light beam irradiates is recorded object, and second light beam is interfered with first light beam of irradiated object reflection after bundle is converted into spherical light wave mutually through expanding, and forms an interference region; Black and white type area array CCD is arranged in the interference region, and the source point of spherical light wave to the light path of black and white type area array CCD photosurface be recorded the equivalent optical path of object to black and white type area array CCD photosurface; Designed the electronic shutter whether the control laser beam is passed through at red, green, blue laser instrument output terminal separately.
7. many recording wavelengths lensless Fourier transform hologram recording beam path according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: be recorded the change that object promptly writes down distance to the light path of black and white type area array CCD photosurface, realize along displacement perpendicular to the hologram record in-plane by regulating black and white type CCD.
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