CN101446921A - Dynamic storage method of Flash memory - Google Patents
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- CN101446921A CN101446921A CNA2008102387526A CN200810238752A CN101446921A CN 101446921 A CN101446921 A CN 101446921A CN A2008102387526 A CNA2008102387526 A CN A2008102387526A CN 200810238752 A CN200810238752 A CN 200810238752A CN 101446921 A CN101446921 A CN 101446921A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic storage method of a Flash memory, which comprises the following steps: a. the Flash storage space is divided into a plurality of logical partitions, and the logical partitions can memory at least one type of data record; b. the storage space held by each piece of data record is taken as a virtual sector, and a virtual sector distribution list is arranged for each virtual sector; and c. the data record is read at one terminal of the logical partition in sequence, and the virtual sector distribution list corresponding to the data record is read at the other terminal of the logical partition in sequence; therefore, the dynamic storage method effectively solves the technical problem of low utilization rate of the Flash storage space in the static storage method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of storage means of storer, specifically, relate to a kind of dynamic storage method of Flash storer, belong to the memory technology field.
Background technology
Flash is widely used in field of storage as a kind of storage medium.Flash is divided into several physical blocks (block) on physical arrangement, separate between the block, himself have following characteristic: (1) is because the write operation of Flash can only be write data bit as 0 from 1, can not be write as 1 from 0, so before the flash storer is write, must carry out earlier and wipe operation, the data bit that writes in advance is initialized as 1, and the least unit of erase operation is a block, rather than single byte; (2) erasing and writing life of Flash has the number of times restriction; (3) Flash in use may cause the damage of some block, and in a single day block damages, and can't repair; (4) because the intrinsic opering characteristic of electric apparatus of Flash in the process of reading and writing data, can produce one or a few bit data mistake accidentally, and this is called bit reversal, bit reversal can't be avoided, and can only handle the result by other means afterwards; (5) piece time of wiping is long.
For solving the problems referred to above that Flash exists, a kind of Flash memory management method based on the static virtual sector is arranged at present, its principle is as shown in Figure 1.Entire flash storage space is divided into N erasable block, and each block is divided into n littler virtual logical block VSS, is called virtual little sector, sets when each sector-size and storage data type basis are applied in module initialization.A fixed cell of each block front is used for the operating position that minute book block middle fan district distributes as sector allocation table SAT.Include n SAT unit among the SAT, the corresponding virtual little sector VSS in each SAT unit, and each SAT unit includes sector attribute and sector logic number VSS ID.When carrying out reading and writing data or revising, be unit with the size of virtual sectors piece.When revising a certain sectors of data, read the content of this sector earlier, look for a untapped sector again, amended content is write this new sector.Then, the property value of revising original sector is invalid, and the attribute of revising new sector copies the virtual sectors logic number in the SAT unit of new sector correspondence for effectively.Like this, when the SAT attribute among some block all is designated as when invalid, just carry out erasable to current block.As seen, be the storage administration of unit with the virtual sectors size, can significantly reduce the erasable number of times of Flash piece, thereby improve system performance, prolonged the serviceable life of Flash.
But, there is following defective in this static store management method: because the size of each virtual sectors and storage data type have been set when module initialization, each block can only store one type data, and the data type that need storage less when available block number more for a long time, when perhaps the data physical length of certain data type changes greatly, when perhaps the data of same type are also bigger than a block, then can cause the significant wastage in space, even data can't be write among the block.And, because the static store method is not carried out verification effectively to data and SAT, cause safety of data relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to Flash static store method above shortcomings in the prior art, a kind of dynamic storage method of Flash storer is provided, solved the lower technical matters of Flash storage space utilization factor in the static store method effectively.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of dynamic storage method of Flash storer is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, the Flash storage space is divided into several logical partitions, described logical partition is stored the data recording of at least a type;
B, storage space that described every data recording is occupied be as a virtual sectors, and each virtual sectors is provided with a virtual sectors allocation table;
C, described data recording write successively from an end of described logical partition, write successively with the other end of the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table of described data recording from described logical partition.
According to the present invention, include data recording effective marker, data record size, data record types, data recording ID number and data recording check code in described each virtual sectors allocation table.
Wherein, described data recording check code is the CRC check sign indicating number, and the value of described CRC check sign indicating number obtains according to the data of described data recording and with data computation in the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table of described data recording.
According to the present invention, each logical partition among the described Flash comprises one or more continuous physical blocks block.
According to the present invention, be the validity of sign and each logical partition of verification, be provided with subregion sign at the bottommost of described each logical partition.
According to the present invention, described subregion sign comprises format sign and partition id number.
According to the present invention, described Flash storer is that elementary cell is carried out the data write operation with described data recording.
According to the present invention, the process that data recording is written to described Flash storer is as follows:
A1, judge whether the data of data record types to be written, data recording ID number and data recording are effective;
B1, in described step a1 judged result when being effective, whether the logical partition that judgement will write effective;
C1, when logical partition is effective in described step b1, judge whether the remaining space of described logical partition satisfies the demands;
D1, when the remaining space of described logical partition satisfies the demands, whether write according to described data recording that judge to adopt " appending pattern " still be that " more new model " writes; Wherein, " appending pattern " is meant directly and writes new virtual sectors allocation table in the back of current virtual sectors allocation table, and the virtual sectors allocation table that writes before not needing to rewrite is invalid; " more new model " is meant except the back at current virtual sectors allocation table and writes new virtual sectors allocation table, and the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table that writes before also needing to rewrite is invalid;
E1, according to the structure of virtual sectors allocation table, all the elements of assembling virtual sectors allocation table;
F1, the described virtual sectors allocation table that assembles is written to the back of current virtual sectors allocation table;
G1, the memory location of calculating described data recording, and it is write to the relevant position.
Further, if the remaining space of described logical partition can not satisfy the demands, then all read valid data on the described subregion to internal memory, format described subregion then, stop to write data to be written, and will just be saved in first data in the internal memory as data to be written.
According to the present invention, the process of reads data log is from described Flash storer:
A2, judge whether data record types to be read, data recording ID be number effective;
B2, when being effective,, search the subregion of data record types correspondence to be read according to logical partition configuration information in described step a2 judged result;
All virtual sectors allocation tables on c2, the described subregion of retrieval find the effective virtual sectors allocation table with data record types to be read, data recording ID number coupling;
The virtual sectors allocation table that d2, basis find calculates the memory location of corresponding data recording, and reads out;
Remove the CRC check code value that data write down content the check code in e2, the data of calculating the data recording read and the virtual sectors allocation table, and the CRC check code value that calculated and the CRC check code value in the described virtual sectors allocation table compared, if both differences, then check failure;
F2, if above-mentioned verification pass through, the copying data of data recording is gone out.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, according to practical application dynamic allocation logic subregion, the space that every data recording in the logical partition is occupied is as virtual sectors, data record types in each logical partition, the write sequence of data record size and data recording etc. all is uncertain, the mode that adopts two to go forward side by side when writing data, data recording writes successively from an end of logical partition, and write successively with the other end of its corresponding virtual sector allocation table from logical partition, thereby can make full use of the storage space of Flash, also promptly be equivalent to reduce the erasing times of block among the Flash, thereby improved data write speed, improved the life-span of Flash.
2, obtain the CRC check sign indicating number according to the data of data recording and with data computation in the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table of described data recording, the record that reads and writes data is carried out verification, improved the security and the reliability of Flash reading and writing data.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the schematic diagram of the Flash storage administration implementation method of static virtual sector in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of Flash storer dynamic storage method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of an embodiment of data storage location in the Flash logical partition of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See also the process flow diagram of an embodiment of Flash storer dynamic storage method of the present invention shown in Figure 2.Described dynamic storage method flow process is as follows:
S101: flow process begins.
S102: the Flash storage space is divided into several logical partitions, and each logical partition comprises the physical blocks block that one or more is continuous, and each subregion can be used for storing the data recording of one or more data types.
Described data recording just is meant a char ocra font ocr string, and for example: a programme information can be used as a data recording; Whole system configuration informations also can be regarded a data recording as.In dynamic storage method, the Flash storer is that elementary cell is carried out the data write operation with described data recording.
S103: the storage space that every data recording is occupied is as a virtual sectors, and the correlation attribute value for the data that can determine to store in each virtual sectors is provided with a virtual sectors allocation table to each virtual sectors.
Present embodiment for reducing the taking of Flash storage space as far as possible, and the length that defines described each virtual sectors allocation table is 80bit.Concrete data structure is:
0～31bit 32bit altogether is used for storing the CRC check sign indicating number, also is the CRC32 check code.Described check code be to the data of data records and with its corresponding virtual sector allocation table in the proof test value of data after calculating in the lump, be used for the checking data record data and with the data of its corresponding virtual sector allocation table, guarantee safety of data.32～47bit is total to the logic number that 16bit is used for storing data recording, promptly the ID of data recording number, by ID number of described data recording, can distinguish different data recording.
48～52bit is total to the data type that 5bit is used for storing data recording.
53～77bit 25bit altogether is used for storing data record size.
According to described data type, can know the length of described data recording, the information such as start address of logical partition, method is as follows: according to the configuration information of FLASH subregion, directly can obtain the start address of this subregion, the information such as Block number that comprise; Can also calculate the subregion of a certain data type correspondence according to these configuration informations, retrieve the SAT that stores on this subregion, each SAT is the corresponding data length of data recording, just can be easy to calculate the memory location that certain SAT corresponding data writes down by the mode that adds up, make things convenient for user's reading corresponding data record.
77～78bit 2bit altogether is used for storing the data recording effective marker.Described effective marker is 01, and the data recording of expression correspondence is effective, and effective marker is 00, and the data recording of expression correspondence is invalid.
S104: data recording writes successively from an end of logical partition, writes successively with the other end of the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table of described data recording from described logical partition.
Because data type number, data recording number, the length of data recording, the write sequence of data recording etc. all are uncertain in each logical partition, so the mode that has adopted data recording and virtual sectors allocation table to write separately.For example can take data recording to write successively downwards and write with mode that its corresponding virtual sector allocation table upwards writes successively from the bottom of described logical partition from the head of logical partition, appearance is shown in data storage location synoptic diagram in Fig. 3 Flash logical partition, head is followed successively by data recording Data record 0 downwards, Data record 1 ..., Data record n, the bottom upwards is followed successively by virtual sectors allocation table SAT0, SAT1 ..., SAT n.
In addition, in order to identify each logical partition, be provided with subregion sign, shown in Fig. 3 bottommost, be used for showing that described subregion formats or uses at the bottommost of described each logical partition.Described subregion sign has 16bit, and wherein, high 8bit shows that for the format sign this subregion has formatd; Low 8bit is a partition id number, is mainly used to the verification subregion.
It is as follows with the flow process that data recording writes to the Flash storer to use above-mentioned dynamic storage method:
Step 201: whether data of judging data record types to be written, data recording ID and data recording etc. are effective; If effectively, if execution in step S202 is the invalid ablation process that then withdraws from.
Step 202: whether the logical partition that judgement will write is effective; If effectively, if execution in step S203 is invalid then the needs described partition format.
Step S203: judge whether remaining space can satisfy the demands on the effective logical partition; If satisfy the demands execution in step S205; If do not satisfy the demands execution in step S204.
Step S204: stop to write data to be written, read whole valid data on the described subregion to internal memory, format this subregion then, and will just be saved in first data in the internal memory as data to be written, all former effective data are write in the subregion after the format successively, to prevent loss of data, execution in step S205 then.Wherein, if subregion just formatd, and remaining space still can not satisfy the demands, and then shows the partition space deficiency, just need repartition subregion.
Step S205: whether once write according to data recording, and determined that adopting " appending pattern " still was that " more new model " writes.So-called " appending pattern " is meant that directly the back of current virtual sectors allocation table SAT writes new SAT in subregion, and the SAT that writes before not needing to rewrite is invalid; So-called " more new model " is meant except the back at current SAT writes new SAT, and the SAT of the correspondence that writes before also needing to rewrite is invalid;
Step S206: according to the data structure of SAT, the SAT data (do not comprise CRC) of assembling except that the CRC check sign indicating number.
Step S207: data and the data content among the SAT according to data recording to be written calculate the CRC check sign indicating number of SAT, and join among the SAT.
Step S208: according to " appending pattern " or " more new model " new SAT is written in the subregion and (upwards writes from the afterbody of subregion successively).
Step S209: the position of computational data storage also writes corresponding data.
Step S210: if the data recording that is still waiting to write in the internal memory then jumps to step S203 and continues to write successively.
The flow process of using above-mentioned dynamic storage method reads data log from the Flash storer is as follows:
Step S301: judge whether data type to be read, data ID etc. are effective; If effectively, go to step S302, otherwise withdraw from data read.
Step S302:, search the subregion of described data record types correspondence according to logical partition configuration information.
Described logical partition configuration information determines when dividing logical partition, described configuration information record the information such as data record types of the block quantity that logical partition comprised and section post storage.
Step S303: retrieve SAT all on the described subregion, find effective SAT with data type to be read, data recording ID coupling.
Step S304: according to the SAT that finds, the memory location of the data recording that calculating is corresponding also reads out.
Step S305: calculate the data recording data read and the CRC check code value of SAT (not comprising CRC itself), and the CRC check code value that calculated and the crc value among the described SAT are compared; If both differences, data read process is withdrawed from then check failure.If verification is passed through, then the copying data of data recording is gone out, finish the process that reads of data recording.
Certainly; the above only is a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of dynamic storage method of Flash storer is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A, the Flash storage space is divided into several logical partitions, described logical partition is stored the data recording of at least a type;
B, storage space that described every data recording is occupied be as a virtual sectors, and each virtual sectors is provided with a virtual sectors allocation table;
C, described data recording write successively from an end of described logical partition, write successively with the other end of the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table of described data recording from described logical partition.
2, dynamic storage method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, includes data recording effective marker, data record size, data record types, data recording ID number and data recording check code in described each virtual sectors allocation table.
3, dynamic storage method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described data recording check code is the CRC check sign indicating number; The value of described CRC check sign indicating number obtains according to the data of described data recording and with data computation in the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table of described data recording.
4, dynamic storage method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described each logical partition comprises one or more continuous physical blocks Block.
5, dynamic storage method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described each logical partition bottommost is provided with subregion sign.
6, dynamic storage method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described subregion sign comprises format sign and partition id number.
According to each described dynamic storage method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that 7, described Flash storer is that elementary cell is carried out the data write operation with described data recording.
8, dynamic storage method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the process that data recording is written to described Flash storer is as follows:
A1, judge whether the data of data record types to be written, data recording ID number and data recording are effective;
B1, in described step a1 judged result when being effective, whether the logical partition that judgement will write effective;
C1, when logical partition is effective in described step b1, judge whether the remaining space of described logical partition satisfies the demands;
D1, when the remaining space of described logical partition satisfies the demands, whether write according to described data recording that judge to adopt " appending pattern " still be that " more new model " writes; Wherein, " appending pattern " is meant directly and writes new virtual sectors allocation table in the back of current virtual sectors allocation table, and the virtual sectors allocation table that writes before not needing to rewrite is invalid; " more new model " is meant except the back at current virtual sectors allocation table and writes new virtual sectors allocation table, and the corresponding virtual sectors allocation table that writes before also needing to rewrite is invalid;
E1, according to the structure of virtual sectors allocation table, all the elements of assembling virtual sectors allocation table;
F1, the described virtual sectors allocation table that assembles is written to the back of current virtual sectors allocation table;
G1, the memory location of calculating described data recording, and it is write to the relevant position.
9, dynamic storage method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, if the remaining space of described logical partition can not satisfy the demands, then all read valid data on the described subregion to internal memory, format described subregion then, stop to write data to be written, and will just be saved in first data in the internal memory as data to be written.
10, dynamic storage method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the process of reads data log is from described Flash storer:
A2, judge whether data record types to be read, data recording ID be number effective;
B2, when being effective,, search the subregion of data record types correspondence to be read according to logical partition configuration information in described step a2 judged result;
All virtual sectors allocation tables on c2, the described subregion of retrieval find the effective virtual sectors allocation table with data record types to be read, data recording ID number coupling;
The virtual sectors allocation table that d2, basis find calculates the memory location of corresponding data recording, and reads out;
Remove the CRC check code value that data write down content the check code in e2, the data of calculating the data recording read and the virtual sectors allocation table, and the CRC check code value that calculated and the CRC check code value in the described virtual sectors allocation table compared, if both differences, then check failure;
F2, if above-mentioned verification pass through, the copying data of data recording is gone out.
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