CN101441128A - Safe travelling method and system of bad wind environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a safe driving method and system in adverse wind environment. The safe driving method comprises: performing numerical simulation on laws of aerodynamic characteristics for different train types in different road conditions and various environmental wind speeds, wind directions, so as to obtain theoretical relationship of aerodynamic characteristics for different train types in different road conditions and various environmental wind speeds, wind directions; according to overturning stability and the theoretical relationship of aerodynamic characteristics of train on straight track and curve track, and train system dynamics and train aerodynamics, performing numerical simulation and wind tunnel test, establishing train overturning stability calculation relationship under coupling of road conditions-train types, load-wind speed and wind direction-train speed, and obtaining train driving speed threshold of environmental wind speeds and wind directions according to the relationship.

Description

Bad wind environment safe travelling method and system thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the safe train operation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method that goes for the safe train operation under the various bad wind environments with and system.

Background technology

Exceedingly odious wind environment is huge to transportation by railroad harm, cause railway network paralysis, make not only that a large amount of passengers are detained, goods overstocks, defense materials can't in time be transported to, directly threaten the development of the national economy and national security, more seriously cause the major accident of car crash.Therefore, must guarantee safety of railway traffic under the bad wind environment, and unimpeded as far as possible.

The driving accident countries in the world of being caused by strong wind happen occasionally.Since the Central Japan Railway operation, high wind causes 29 of overturn accidents, high wind once took place train is blown to bridge, causes especially big personnel casualty accidents.2007, big wind took place and has turned over 11 joint passenger vehicles and cause the casualties major accident in China's South Sinkiang Railway.After the Lan-xing Railway that passes through Bai Lifeng district, Xinjiang is open to traffic, high wind once took place blew 13 of the major accidents of turning over the car load row, and force train often to stop wheel, in March, 2003 only, passenger train 99 row of stopping transport, stranded travelers are the people more than 120,000, has greatly reduced rail transportation efficiency.

Be the harm that prevents that strong wind from bringing to train operating safety, some transportation by railroad developed countries such as day, moral, method take in the partial section that high wind is often sent out the strong wind observation station to be set, when the high wind speed of a certain section surpasses limit value, this district train is sent speed limit or the instruction of stopping transport, the section of this system administration is short, road conditions are comparatively single, and the kind of control running train is few, and the safe train operation velocity constraint stepping of corresponding different wind speed is thick.The gale monitoring system that China Lan-xing Railway Bai Lifeng district sets up is based on the wind characteristic monitoring, and not only safe train operation velocity constraint and control vehicle stepping are thick, and do not consider that road conditions are to the influence of train operating safety under the strong wind atmosphere.

The characteristics of China's plateau railway wind environment are: long distance, and the strong wind district has 960 kilometers; Average annual strong wind is about 150 days, and the extreme weather of regional area wind-force sudden change frequently takes place, and can't be only promptly ensure safety and puies forward efficient with the way of parking; Plateau railway has many high bridges and high embankment simultaneously, and along with the increase of embankment/bridge height, the vehicle launch power that strong wind produces can increase rapidly; And plateau line running train is of a great variety.Aforesaid system can not satisfy the requirement that improves conevying efficiency under the plateau railway transportation safety prerequisite guaranteeing.

Therefore, grind and build long distance detection strong wind information, command under the special wind environment various trains very urgent in real time in " the bad wind environment down train efficient public security system " of different road conditions safe operations.At gale monitoring early warning and train traffic control system aspects, according to novelty assessment report, external Japan and Germany have built the strong wind early warning system, and the characteristics of two countries are that the wind district is short, road conditions are simple, and are built on the Plain.Japan is in the strong wind early warning system of 4 the Shinkansens, 16 place's bridges and the setting of Kansai man-made island International airport sea-crossing bridge, and road conditions are only considered bridge; Germany's high embankment circuit of 8 kilometers of the Duan Feng heads of district in Berlin-Hanover's high-speed railway has been built the strong wind early warning system, only considers the embankment situation.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of online each train safe operation velocity constraint under wind effect that can calculate long distance running in real time and also command various visitors, freight train the bad wind environment safe travelling method and the system thereof of speed operation in accordance with regulations in real time, it has ensured that effectively the strong wind circuit is a target in bad wind environment down train safety

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of bad wind environment safe travelling method is used for the safe operation management of train under bad wind environment, it is characterized in that described safe travelling method comprises:

The aerodynamic characteristic rule of different type of train under various ambient wind wind speed, the wind direction in different road conditions carried out numerical simulation calculation, obtain under varying environment wind wind speed, the wind direction condition aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship between train aerodynamic-force and road conditions;

According to overturning stability and the described aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship of train on rectilinear orbit and curve track, based on train system dynamics and train aerodynamics, carry out numerical experiments and wind tunnel test, set up road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, draw train running speed critical value under ambient wind wind speed and the wind direction according to this relational expression;

According to controlling this train in this train running speed critical value certain road conditions scope under meeting this relational expression.

Concretely, described aerodynamic characteristic rule comprises:

Under the extreme crosswind effect, train air transverse force is about 2～3 times of wind pressure, and air lift is about 5 times of wind pressure;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase sharply with the depth of fill increase;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase sharply with the bridge height increase;

The cutting degree of depth is big more, and the aerodynamic force that train is subjected to is more little;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase with ambient wind speed;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase with the increase of train running speed;

Described road conditions comprise: straight line, curve, embankment, cutting, bridge; Described vehicle comprises: passenger vehicle, box car, open-top car, container car, tank car.

Described safe travelling method also comprises:

The road conditions that a certain railway is along the line are added up, obtain the road condition data and the number in different highway sections;

According to vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression under described road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and the wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling, set up the train running speed critical value and the wind speed relation in each highway section;

Set up air measuring station along the line in each highway section, measure the real-time wind speed in a certain this highway section of the moment, and, establish this train running speed critical value under this wind friction velocity according to the train running speed critical value and the wind speed relation in described highway section.

A kind of bad wind environment safe travelling method is used for the safe operation management of train under bad wind environment, it is characterized in that this safe travelling method specifically comprises:

The aerodynamic characteristic rule of different type of train under various ambient wind wind speed, the wind direction in different road conditions carried out numerical simulation calculation, obtain under varying environment wind wind speed, the wind direction condition aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship between train aerodynamic-force and road conditions;

According to overturning stability and the described aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship of train on rectilinear orbit and curve track, based on train system dynamics and train aerodynamics, carry out numerical experiments and wind tunnel test, set up road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, draw train running speed critical value under ambient wind wind speed and the wind direction according to this relational expression;

The road conditions that a certain railway is along the line are added up, obtain the road condition data and the number in different highway sections;

Set up air measuring station along the line in each highway section, distribute according to air measuring station along the line, analysis and research position, railroad section and the interval restricted road conditions distribution situation that under strong wind atmosphere, safe train operation speed is provided constraints that goes up, with the design mileage is benchmark ordering arrangement, determines air measuring station along the line position-railroad section-road conditions coupled relation;

Be divided into the basis with air measuring station and determined scope thereof,, set up highway section section wind speed profile along the line continuous monitoring model, and then determine the calculation of wind speed of arbitrary moment respective section by real-time air speed data collection;

According to road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, obtained the relation of train sharp car travelling speed critical value and this calculation of wind speed under this calculation of wind speed effect.

Described vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression comprises:

To the curve inboard, train is to the curve inboard calculation relational expression that topples from extra curvature side-blown for wind;

Blow to the curve outside from the curve inboard with wind, train covers calculation relational expression to the extra curvature inclination.

A kind of bad wind environment safe driving system is used for the safe operation management of train under bad wind environment, it is characterized in that described safe driving system comprises:

Strong wind monitor data center, store the road conditions-vehicle of train rail circuit and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling down vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression and this train rail circuit running train vehicle, train number, marshalling and report dot information in real time, calculate the train running speed critical value of different automobile types train in a certain highway section;

Air measuring station, described air measuring station distribute along this train rail circuit and are provided with, and this air measuring station is divided into a plurality of sub-segments data according to train rail wind speed feature along the line, the integrated strong wind monitor data center that transfers to of this each sector data;

The system data passage is connected with the center communication of strong wind monitor data, and the information data of real time execution train on circuit is provided to strong wind monitor data center.

This bad wind environment safe travelling method and system are by the research of flow field air flow mechanism around the various train of different road conditions (embankment, cutting, bridge etc.) being gone up operation, obtain the Changing Pattern of a series of train aerodynamic characteristics, set up under the strong wind atmosphere, the relational expression of train aerodynamic-force and embankment, bridge height, aerodynamic force and wind speed, wind direction, speed of a motor vehicle relational expression, and extract a plurality of wind characteristic parameters and aerodynamic coefficient relational expression; Research road conditions-train profile and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle are coupled down, train is overturning stability on straight line and curve track, based on train system dynamics and train aerodynamics, set up road conditions (straight line and curve)-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, train critical operation speed under different road conditions, different automobile types and load-carrying, the different wind speed has been proposed, and the safe train operation velocity constraint of train when each air measuring station scope; Calculate online each train speed limit value in real time, can show early warning directly perceived and warning with voice and screen, all train operations under commander's strong wind atmosphere.

The invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a train surface sections pressure distribution synoptic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a train circumferential velocity vector distribution schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of depth of fill and train aerodynamic-force in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is bridge height and a train aerodynamic-force graph of a relation in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is cutting height and a train aerodynamic-force graph of a relation in the specific embodiment of the invention

Fig. 6 is train aerodynamic-force and an ambient wind speed graph of a relation in the specific embodiment of the invention

Fig. 7 is train running speed and an aerodynamic force graph of a relation in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 A is critical speed and wind speed graph of a relation when container car is unloaded in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 B is container car full load critical speed and a wind speed graph of a relation in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 A is wind speed and a critical operation speed of a motor vehicle graph of a relation under the different bridge heights in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 B is wind speed and a critical operation speed of a motor vehicle graph of a relation under the different depths of fill in the specific embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 is that the specific embodiment of the invention hollow box car speed of a motor vehicle and wind speed concern the through engineering approaches curve map.

Embodiment

This bad wind environment safe travelling method and system start with from research wind/car/road coupling aerodynamics, set up road conditions (straight line and curve)-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, propose train critical operation speed under different road conditions, different automobile types and load-carrying, the different wind speed, determine the safe train operation velocity constraint when train passes through each air measuring station scope.

Under the plateau low pressure strong wind atmosphere, the flow field of train, strong wind and concrete road conditions (comprising that bridge, embankment, cutting are pacifically) coupling is a very complicated air flow problem, and it belongs to the complicated air flow phenomenon of wind-car-road coupling; The incompressible air flow of three-dimensional viscosity with three kinds of different relative motions; And exist the laminar flow boundary-layer to twist in the flow field, the turbulent flow that turbulent boundary layer separation etc. are complicated to the commentaries on classics of turbulent boundary layer; Also there be coming off and separating of the vortex of various topological structures and vortex in the flow field, have tangible separated flow characteristic.

The inventor draws the concrete feature that comprises as leeward/car/road coupling aerodynamic characteristic rule through simulation test and numerical analysis:

(1) under the extreme crosswind effect, train air transverse force is about 2～3 times of wind pressure, and air lift is about 5 times of wind pressure.

The pressure distribution of train cross-sectional surface as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, owing to flow stagnation with separate, train sidepiece windward side is a malleation, lee face is a negative pressure, negative pressure is identical with the action direction of malleation, and negative pressure is 1～2 times of malleation, and therefore, both are about 2～3 times of strong wind wind pressure (product of blast and side projection area) at the superpose air transverse force that produces.Equally, the air lift that produces of the negative pressure of the powerful negative pressure of vehicle upper and bottom stack is about about 5 times of strong wind wind pressure.

(2) air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase sharply with the depth of fill increase.

As shown in Figure 3, the existence of the embankment gradient with changing the direction of below air-flow, has increased the air-flow angle of attack, makes air lift significantly increase; Wind moves along embankment, and when it pushes up on the slope, through bigger expansion, the speed of air-flow will increase, and makes the malleation of windward side of train increase, and simultaneously, the existence of embankment strengthens the whirlpool district of lee face, thereby the negative pressure of lee face increases, and transverse force is increased.

(3) air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase sharply with the bridge height increase.

As Fig. 4, under same index wind condition, with the increase of bridge height, the aerodynamic force that train is subjected to also increases.

(4) the cutting degree of depth is big more, and the aerodynamic force that train is subjected to is more little.

Train operation is in cutting, and strong wind is subjected to stopping of circuit both sides side slope, and its pneumatic action to train obviously reduces, and helps traffic safety.The cutting degree of depth is big more, and the aerodynamic force that train is subjected to is more little.As shown in Figure 5.

(5) air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase with ambient wind speed.

As shown in Figure 6.

(6) air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase with the increase of train running speed.

As shown in Figure 7.

Through a large amount of numerical simulation calculation and wind tunnel experiment to above-mentioned aerodynamic characteristic rule, and combining with theoretical analysis, the inventor is online real train test checking through the scene, extracts the series of theories relational expression, can all be applied to safe train operation velocity constraint research under the strong wind atmosphere.It comprises:

(1) vehicle launch power and depth of fill, wind speed, wind direction, speed of a motor vehicle theoretical relationship

1. cornering ratio and depth of fill relational expression

$C_{\mathrm{yk}}=a_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="wyHd\; H\; dd"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">wyHd</figure-callout>}}{H}_{\mathrm{dd}}^{}{}_2^{}+b_{\mathrm{wyHd}}{H}_{\mathrm{dd}}+c_{\mathrm{wyHd}}$

In the formula: C _YkBe cornering ratio, subscript k=t, z, w represent a car, middle car and trailer respectively; H _DdBe depth of fill;

a _WyHd, b _WyHd, c _WyHdFor with strong wind, cornering ratio, the relevant coefficient of depth of fill;

2. upsetting moment coefficient and depth of fill relational expression

$m_{\mathrm{xk}}=a_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="wxmHd\; H\; dd"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">wxmHd</figure-callout>}}{H}_{\mathrm{dd}}^{}{}_2^{}+b_{\mathrm{wxmHd}}{H}_{\mathrm{dd}}+c_{\mathrm{wxmHd}}$

In the formula: m _XkBe the upsetting moment coefficient, subscript k meaning is the same.

a _WxmHd, b _WxmHd, c _WxmHdFor with strong wind, upsetting moment coefficient, the relevant coefficient of depth of fill.

3. air lift coefficient and wind speed, wind direction, speed of a motor vehicle relational expression

C _zk＝a _wzkβ ²+b _wzkβ+c _wzk

In the formula: C _ZkBe the air lift coefficient, subscript k meaning is the same; β is a side drift angle;

a _Wzk, b _Wzk, c _WzkBe and strong wind, lift, the relevant coefficient of side drift angle;

4. cornering ratio and wind speed, wind direction, speed of a motor vehicle relational expression

C _yk＝a _wykβ ²+b _wykβ+c _wyk

In the formula: C _YkBe cornering ratio, subscript k meaning is the same.

a _Wyk, b _Wyk, c _WykFor with strong wind, the relevant coefficient of transverse force.

(2) wind characteristic and aerodynamic coefficient relational expression

Propose different trains (passenger vehicle, box car, open-top car, container car, tank car, other vehicle) totally 132 of vehicle launch force coefficient and wind characteristic parameter relationship formulas when various road conditions (embankment, bridge, cutting, level land) go up operation, all be used for train Calculation on stability used load under the strong wind atmosphere.

As: the big wind effect aerodynamic coefficient relational expression when passenger vehicle moves on 5m height embankment is:

1. the relation between cornering ratio and the side drift angle

C _yz＝-1.3984β ²+2.5886β

2. the relation between upsetting moment coefficient and the side drift angle

m _xz＝-3.7481β ²+7.0302β

For another example: the big wind effect aerodynamic coefficient relational expression when box car moves on 10m height bridge is:

1. the relation between cornering ratio and the side drift angle

C _yz＝-2.0363β ²+4.0813β

2. the relation between upsetting moment coefficient and the side drift angle

m _xz＝-6.9536β ²+13.095β

The inventor thinks: toppling not only and the type of train, the load-carrying of train, the parameter correlation of train itself of train, and also closely related with circuit road conditions, train running speed and the ambient wind velocity and the wind direction etc. of train operation.Railroad train is of a great variety, and overpass and high embankment accumulation circuit are longer, and train is at the embankment or the steadiness on the bridge and inequality of differing heights.Road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling down after deliberation, vehicle is overturning stability on straight line and curve, the inventor is based on vehicle system dynamics and train aerodynamics, set up road conditions (straight line and curve)-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, propose the train running speed critical value under the coupling of road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction, proposed the through engineering approaches travelling speed limit value of the dissimilar trains of strong wind circuit on this basis.

The vehicle of this wind direction and the road conditions coupling stability Calculation relational expression of toppling comprises that (wherein road conditions comprise: straight line, curve, embankment, cutting, bridge etc.; Vehicle comprises: passenger vehicle, box car, open-top car, container car, tank car, other vehicle etc.):

(1) calculation relational expression of train on straight line:

$\{D\&CenterDot;G-[(\frac{1}{2K_y}+h_5\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="h"\; filenames="A200910000083E00212.png,A200910000083E00221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_5}{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_2^{2}K})(0.5\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&rho;}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}^2\&CenterDot;S\&CenterDot;C_{\mathrm{fY}}+m_B\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&alpha;})$

$+M\&CenterDot;\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="h"\; filenames="A200910000083E00212.png,A200910000083E00221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_5}{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_2^{2}K}]m_B\&CenterDot;g+D\&CenterDot;G\&CenterDot;m_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;g=h_G\&CenterDot;m_B\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&alpha;}-M$

(2) to the curve inboard, train is to the curve inboard calculation relational expression that topples from extra curvature side-blown for wind:

$\{D\&CenterDot;G-[(\frac{1}{2K_y}+h_5\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="h"\; filenames="A200910000083E00212.png,A200910000083E00221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_5}{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_2^{2}K})(0.5\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&rho;}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}^2\&CenterDot;S\&CenterDot;C_{\mathrm{fY}}+m_B\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R}{+m}_B\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&alpha;})$

$+M\&CenterDot;\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="h"\; filenames="A200910000083E00212.png,A200910000083E00221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_5}{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_2^{2}K}-\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="Ch"\; filenames="A200910000083E00212.png,A200910000083E00221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Ch</figure-callout>}}_5}{2\&CenterDot;G}]m_B\&CenterDot;g+D\&CenterDot;G\&CenterDot;m_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;g$

$=h_G\&CenterDot;(m_B\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&alpha;}+m_B\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R})+h_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;m_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R}-M$

(3) wind blows to the curve outside from the curve inboard, and train covers calculation relational expression to the extra curvature inclination:

$\{D\&CenterDot;G-[(\frac{1}{2K_y}+h_5\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="h"\; filenames="A200910000083E00212.png,A200910000083E00221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_5}{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_2^{2}K})(0.5\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&rho;}\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}^2\&CenterDot;S\&CenterDot;C_{\mathrm{fY}}-m_B\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R}{+m}_B\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&alpha;})$

$+M\&CenterDot;\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="h"\; filenames="A200910000083E00212.png,A200910000083E00221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_5}{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_2^{2}K}+\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="A200910000083E00191.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}{2\&CenterDot;G}\&CenterDot;h_5]m_B\&CenterDot;g$

$+D\&CenterDot;G\&CenterDot;m_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;g=h_G\&CenterDot;(m_B\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&alpha;}-m_B\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R})-h_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;m_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R}-M$

Wherein: D: coefficient topples

U: the aggregate velocity vector,

The G:1/2 wheel is to contact both sides spot spacing

F _Z1: the gravity of car body, F _Z1=m _BG

F _Z3: aerodynamic lift, F _Z3=0.5 ρ U ²SC _FZ

F _Z2: the gravity of bogie, F _Z2=m _BTG

F:F=F _Y1+ F _Y2, F _Y1Be car body centrifugal force; F _Y2Be body oscillating side direction inertial force; $F_{y1}=m_B\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R};$ F _y2＝m _Ba；

F _Y3: pneumatic transverse force, F _Y3=0.5 ρ U ²SC _FY

F _Y4: bogie centrifugal force, $F_{y41}=m_{\mathrm{BT}}\&CenterDot;\frac{V^2}{R}$

M: upsetting moment, M=0.5 ρ U ²SH _gC _MX

Y: body gravity lateral shift amount comprises the lateral shift y that F causes ₁(lorry y ₁=0), the lateral shift y that causes of M ₂Reach the lateral shift y that superelevation of outer rail causes ₃, y ₁=C _yF; y ₂=C _{Y φ}M; y ₃=h ₅C/G;

α: lateral vibration acceleration

h _G: the distance of centre of gravity rail level height of car body

h _GT: the distance of centre of gravity rail level height of bogie

m _B: the quality of car body

m _BT: the quality of bogie

V: train running speed

U: wind speed

b ₂: 1/2 bilateral pillow spring centre distance

K _y: the bogie lateral rigidity

h ₅: body gravity is to the axle centerline height

ρ: atmospheric density

S: car body side wall projected area

C _FY: sideway force coefficient

C _FZ: lift coefficient

C _MX: the upsetting moment coefficient

R: sweep

C: superelevation of outer rail

G: acceleration of gravity

K: bogie vertical stiffness.

With the universal correlation function contrast of using both at home and abroad at present, above-mentioned 3 calculation relational expressions that topple have following characteristics:

1. all be implied with road conditions (straight line, curve, embankment, cutting, bridge etc.) information;

2. pneumatic transverse force is to obtain by the pressure reduction distributed force integration of vehicle windward side and lee face is synthetic;

3. pneumatic transverse force and sidewinder moment and the speed of a motor vehicle, wind speed and direction is closely related;

4. included air lift.

By to information decoupling zeros such as road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle, study the influence of various factors to the vehicle critical operation speed of a motor vehicle, obtained the wind speed and critical operation speed of a motor vehicle relation.Comprise:

Different load-carrying lower critical operating speeds and respective relationships

Shown in Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B, under the situation of the same speed of a motor vehicle, load-carrying is big more, and the critical wind speed that topples is high more.

Different bridges or depth of fill lower critical operating speed and wind speed relation

Shown in Fig. 9 A, 9B, along with the increase of bridge or depth of fill, the critical operation speed of vehicle reduces.

In order to guarantee that train fast and safely passes through in the whole wind district, set up the relation of each section circuit critical operation speed of a motor vehicle and ambient wind velocity.The weather station is installed between the section along the railway, and is determined the critical operation speed of a motor vehicle and the wind speed at whole interval, each bridge and embankment place according to these weather stations.Specific as follows:

All elevated bridge and embankments along the line are added up, are obtained the Dangerous Area number, each Dangerous Area divide on the straight line again topple, extra curvature topples and curve in the 3 kinds of operating modes of toppling, thus, set up the speed of a motor vehicle and the wind speed relation of each dangerous point.Safe train operation velocity constraint when on this basis, proposing train by each ventilation measuring point institute scope.

With Qinghai-Tibet Railway Golmud-Lhasa section is example, and it comprises:

Air measuring station position-railroad section-road conditions coupled relation: at first distribute according to air measuring station along the line, by analysis and research position, railroad section (containing the station), and interval restricted road conditions (bridge, embankment, cutting, curve, the straight line) distribution situation that under strong wind atmosphere, safe train operation speed is provided constraints that goes up, with the design mileage is benchmark ordering arrangement, has determined air measuring station along the line position-railroad section-road conditions coupled relation.The scope of each air measuring station is divided model: on the basis of further investigation air measuring station position and data strong wind feature, railroad section (comprising the station), line conditions (bridge, embankment, cutting, curve, straight line) and coupled relation thereof, the scope that has proposed each air measuring station is divided model.

Golmud-Lhasa section wind speed profile along the line continuous monitoring model: be divided into the basis with air measuring station and determined scope thereof, by real-time strong wind data acquisition, transmission and analyzing and processing, system has set up section wind speed profile continuous monitoring model along the line, thereby has determined the calculation of wind speed of arbitrary moment respective section.

Wind speed-road conditions along the line-running train vehicle-train speed limit value model: train is by on the aerodynamic quality basis of " restricted highway section " (especially big bridge, high embankment, curve etc.) under research infrabar strong wind atmosphere, in conjunction with large-scale model wind tunnel test and numerical result, with the vehicle coefficient that topples is that main security of operation is passed judgment on criterion, has obtained train travelling speed and the critical respective relationships of toppling under the extreme crosswind effect.By " through engineering approaches " data processing, system has set up the train safe speed limit math model of suitable train operation manipulation and the actual requirement of command scheduling.

It is a step curve that the speed of a motor vehicle after this project processing and wind speed close, as shown in figure 10.

This bad wind environment safe driving system can be by the strong wind feature of multianalysis air measuring station image data along the line, in conjunction with information and different road conditions along the line (bridge, embankment, cutting or level land) parameters such as the train marshalling list of obtaining from TMIS of the Ministry of Railways and TDCS system, type of train, the weight of train, running train times, propose train-strong wind-Multi-source Information Fusion disposal routes such as road conditions, set up bad wind environment down train real-time early warning and commanding and decision-making model.

It comprises:

Strong wind monitor data center: strong wind monitor data center is the core of total system.All information such as the vehicle of running trains, train number, marshalling, real-time newspaper point are preserved along the line in uninterrupted all the year round stable operation 24 hours every days of system.

Strong wind monitor data center and air measuring station data channel along the line: air measuring station The data along the line " the multi-region section is divided, and concentrates and gathers transmission " pattern.At first, so air measuring station along the line is divided according to wind speed feature along the line, be divided into a plurality of sub-segments data channel.Secondly, with the integrated total monitoring data center that is transferred to of each section sector data.

Strong wind data center and TMIS and DMIS system data passage: strong wind monitor data center directly links to each other with the swap server of Xining TMIS of the Ministry of Railways and DMIS system with surpassing 6 class twisted-pair feeders, and obtaining in real time with the current time is the information such as train marshalling list, type of train, the weight of train, running train time and position that are total to about 5 hours (3h behind the preceding 2h) interior running trains before and after the benchmark.

Strong wind monitor data center diagnosis and maintenance technology: set up a plurality of strong wind database instances, storage separately respectively, the query and search efficient of raising system; Set up backup of database instance timing automatic and Restoration Mechanism, improve system's operational reliability; Adopt internal memory, CPU monitoring facilities, check system running status at any time, once note abnormalities, generation error message file immediately, terminator also restarts.

Wind-force monitoring fault diagnosis is safeguarded and urgent technique: can monitor the various running statuses of unmanned air measuring station in real time, the quick identification equipment failure also notifies maintenance department to carry out emergency processing.

The present invention is from carrying out wind/car/road coupling aerodynamics (air flow mechanism, train aerodynamic characteristics) research, to proposing train safe speed limit value under the special wind environment, finally grind gale monitoring early warning and the train traffic control system of building, set up plateau railway bad wind environment down train safe-guard system, realized the system integration innovation of theory-technology-engineering-application;

Obtain special wind environment leeward/car/road coupling aerodynamic characteristic rule; Vehicle air lift, transverse force, upsetting moment and wind direction, wind speed, the speed of a motor vehicle, depth of fill theoretical relationship are proposed; Comprehensive a plurality of wind characteristic parameter and aerodynamic coefficient relational expression are proposed;

The vehicle of setting up wind direction and road conditions coupling under the effects such as wind characteristic, aerodynamic force, the machine power stability Calculation relational expression of toppling; Obtain the train critical operation speed under the special wind environment; The safe train operation velocity constraint of 74880 kinds of operating modes under wind speed-road conditions-car external form and the load-carrying various combination is proposed;

The present invention has considered the complex working condition of wind speed-road conditions (straight line, curve, embankment, cutting, bridges etc.)-vehicle (bare weight passenger vehicle, box car, open-top car, container car, tank car, other vehicle etc.) coupling; This safe driving system realizes real time data exchange and the analyzing and processing with railway TMIS and TDCS first, thereby can calculate online each train safe operation velocity constraint (refresh per 10 seconds and calculate 74880 kinds of operating modes) under wind effect of long distance running in real time; Can command the speed operation in accordance with regulations of various visitors, freight train in real time.

It has with the Calculation on stability universal correlation function contrast difference of using at present both at home and abroad aspect the train running speed limit value: 3 stability are toppled and all are implied with road conditions (straight line, curve, embankment, cutting, bridge etc.) information in the calculation relational expression; Laterally aerodynamic force is to obtain by the pressure reduction distributed force integration of vehicle windward side and lee face is synthetic; Laterally aerodynamic force and sidewinder moment and the speed of a motor vehicle, wind speed and direction closely related; 3 stability are toppled and have been included air lift in the calculation relational expression.

Claims (7)

1. a bad wind environment safe travelling method is used for the safe operation management of train under bad wind environment, it is characterized in that described safe travelling method comprises:

The aerodynamic characteristic rule of different type of train under various ambient wind wind speed, the wind direction in different road conditions carried out numerical simulation calculation, obtain under varying environment wind wind speed, the wind direction condition aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship between train aerodynamic-force and road conditions;

According to overturning stability and the described aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship of train on rectilinear orbit and curve track, based on train system dynamics and train aerodynamics, carry out numerical experiments and wind tunnel test, set up road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, draw train running speed critical value under ambient wind wind speed and the wind direction according to this relational expression;

According to controlling this train in this train running speed critical value certain road conditions scope under meeting this relational expression.

2. bad wind environment safe travelling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described aerodynamic characteristic rule comprises:

Under the extreme crosswind effect, train air transverse force is about 2～3 times of wind pressure, and air lift is about 5 times of wind pressure;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase sharply with the depth of fill increase;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase sharply with the bridge height increase;

The cutting degree of depth is big more, and the aerodynamic force that train is subjected to is more little;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase with ambient wind speed;

Air lift, transverse force and upsetting moment all increase with the increase of train running speed;

3. bad wind environment safe travelling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described road conditions comprise: straight line, curve, embankment, cutting, bridge; Described vehicle comprises: passenger vehicle, box car, open-top car, container car, tank car.

4. bad wind environment safe travelling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described safe travelling method also comprises:

The road conditions that a certain railway is along the line are added up, obtain the road condition data and the number in different highway sections;

According to vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression under described road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and the wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling, set up the train running speed critical value and the wind speed relation in each highway section;

Set up air measuring station along the line in each highway section, measure the real-time wind speed in a certain this highway section of the moment, and, establish this train running speed critical value under this wind friction velocity according to the train running speed critical value and the wind speed relation in described highway section.

5. a bad wind environment safe travelling method is used for the safe operation management of train under bad wind environment, it is characterized in that this safe travelling method specifically comprises:

The aerodynamic characteristic rule of different type of train under various ambient wind wind speed, the wind direction in different road conditions carried out numerical simulation calculation, obtain under varying environment wind wind speed, the wind direction condition aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship between train aerodynamic-force and road conditions;

According to overturning stability and the described aerodynamic characteristic theoretical relationship of train on rectilinear orbit and curve track, based on train system dynamics and train aerodynamics, carry out numerical experiments and wind tunnel test, set up road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, draw train running speed critical value under ambient wind wind speed and the wind direction according to this relational expression;

The road conditions that a certain railway is along the line are added up, obtain the road condition data and the number in different highway sections;

Set up air measuring station along the line in each highway section, distribute according to air measuring station along the line, analysis and research position, railroad section and the interval restricted road conditions distribution situation that under strong wind atmosphere, safe train operation speed is provided constraints that goes up, with the design mileage is benchmark ordering arrangement, determines air measuring station along the line position-railroad section-road conditions coupled relation;

Be divided into the basis with air measuring station and determined scope thereof,, set up highway section section wind speed profile along the line continuous monitoring model, and then determine the calculation of wind speed of arbitrary moment respective section by real-time air speed data collection;

According to road conditions-vehicle and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression down, obtained the relation of train sharp car travelling speed critical value and this calculation of wind speed under this calculation of wind speed effect.

6. bad wind environment safe travelling method according to claim 5 is characterized in that described vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression comprises:

To the curve inboard, train is to the curve inboard calculation relational expression that topples from extra curvature side-blown for wind;

Blow to the curve outside from the curve inboard with wind, train covers calculation relational expression to the extra curvature inclination.

7. bad wind environment safe driving system is used for the safe operation management of train under bad wind environment, it is characterized in that described safe driving system comprises:

Strong wind monitor data center, store the road conditions-vehicle of train rail circuit and load-carrying-wind speed and wind direction-speed of a motor vehicle coupling down vehicle overturning stability calculation relational expression and this train rail circuit running train vehicle, train number, marshalling and report dot information in real time, calculate the train running speed critical value of different automobile types train in a certain highway section;

Air measuring station, described air measuring station distribute along this train rail circuit and are provided with, and this air measuring station is divided into a plurality of sub-segments data according to train rail wind speed feature along the line, the integrated strong wind monitor data center that transfers to of this each sector data;

The system data passage is connected with the center communication of strong wind monitor data, and the information data of real time execution train on circuit is provided to strong wind monitor data center.

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