Vacuum pressure pouring process for epoxy resins insulation pouring piece of high voltage electric appliance
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pouring technology of High-Voltage Electrical Appliances, refer in particular to a kind of vacuum pressure pouring process with the epoxy resins insulation pouring piece.
Background technology
After striding into 21 century, China's national economy has entered a brand-new high-speed developing period, not only corresponding electricity needs maintains sustained and rapid growth, electricity market is very vigorous, and based on the development strategy of " transferring electricity from the west to the east, north and south supplies mutually; national network " and " building strong national grid ", the electric power network construction of China is in a period of growing continuously and fast, and developing the megavolt high pressure simultaneously is great technical equipment policy of China, just in force.
Everything has brought the vast market opportunity not only for high-voltage switch gear manufacturing enterprise, and has greatly promoted the research and development of products and the technological progress of high-voltage switch gear industry.GIS (GasInsulated Switchgear) fully closed combined electric unit is with excellent characteristics such as its compact conformation, voltage range be wide, safe and reliable to operation, in power industry day by day to epoch of Towards Higher Voltage and load densification development, to super, extra-high voltage, big capacity, compact, pollution-free, highly reliable, in the process that intellectuality and modularization direction develop, presented extremely strong vitality.The epoxy resins insulation pouring piece is as the crucial insulating element among the GIS, and not only use amount is increasing, and electric to it, and machinery and heat wait other performance demands also more and more harsher, become the fundamental that constitutes the GIS insulating reliability.
Aspect high-tension switch gear quality and operational reliability, one of main Quality wherein: owing to the reasons such as workmanship of GIS, cause the GIS internal flashover, puncture and cause product to be stopped transport and power outage with insulating elements such as disc insulators.Aspect super, extra-high voltage GIS, scaled-down version GIS, as the crucial insulation pouring spare of core technology, shrink mark, bubble etc. happens occasionally, and qualification rate is low, has a strong impact on the reliability of insulation pouring spare.Therefore improving High-Voltage Electrical Appliances is important work of high-voltage switch gear industry with epoxy resins insulation pouring piece production technology manufacturing technology, is the essential condition of organizing modernized high voltage electric appliance to produce in batches.
At present, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances have two kinds of process manufacturing technologies with the production of epoxy resins insulation pouring piece: APG technology is epoxide resin automatic pressure gel technology and epoxide resin vacuum pouring technology, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
APG technology is that epoxide resin automatic pressure gel technology mainly comprises 3 processes: batch mixing, the automatic pressure injection is solidified (once, secondary).At first epoxy resin, filler and curing agent and other materials are mixed under certain temperature, vacuum in mixing tank, under certain pressure, materials mixed is injected into setting then at a certain temperature and be installed in the mould on the APG board, when driving air out of model, material is full of mold cavity.At a certain temperature, material contacts back one-step solidification (gel) rapidly with die wall, in the one-step solidification process, by injection head continuously material feeding so that mixture of epoxy resins is applied constant compression force, the demoulding behind the pressurize certain hour, product carries out corresponding regelate at a certain temperature then.
The epoxide resin vacuum pouring technology mainly also comprises 3 processes: batch mixing, cast is solidified (once, secondary).At first epoxy resin, filler and curing agent and other materials are mixed under certain temperature, vacuum in mixing tank, under certain temperature, vacuum, materials mixed is poured in the mould that is placed in the pouring can then.Mould at a certain temperature, through the demoulding behind the one-step solidification of certain hour, product carries out corresponding regelate at a certain temperature then.
Wherein, in above-mentioned two kinds of technologies, the actual temp of employing, pressure, vacuum and hardening time are to decide according to concrete material, size shape of product or the like, this is a known technology.
APG technology is compared with vacuum pouring technology, its distinguishing feature is the fast high reaction activity mixture of epoxy resins of one-step solidification with regard to the material that is to use, the utilization rate of mould is improved greatly, but also this quick-setting material characteristics just, cause APG explained hereafter product can't satisfy high pressure, super, extra-high voltage electrical equipment is with the performance requirements such as electric, machinery of insulating part; Simultaneously because the restriction of APG board can't be produced high pressure, the product of the large-scale insulating part super, that extra-high voltage electrical equipment is used, therefore APG technology is widely used among the 10kV-35kV piezoelectricity device and use the insulating part field, is not suitable for producing the 110kV-1100kV high pressure, surpasses, extra-high voltage electrical equipment insulating part.
Therefore vacuum pouring technology can guarantee that material injects mould under vacuum, satisfies high pressure in theory, and super, extra-high voltage electrical equipment can satisfy the production of various large-scale insulating parts simultaneously with the performance requirements such as electric, machinery of insulating part.But because the cure shrinkage of mould material is unavoidable, the mould of material injection simultaneously is under nature, and be different from APG technology, material under certain pressure by running channel continuously material feeding go into mould, can compensate shrinking in the die cavity, the restriction of insulating part different shape in addition causes occurring shrink mark and bubble often on the product appearance of vacuum pouring explained hereafter, and for large-scale insulating part, the probability that defectives such as shrink mark and bubble occur is bigger.Shrink mark not only directly influences the sealing property of GIS fully closed combined electric unit, and the Electric Field Distribution on insulating part surface also can distort, bubble not only directly influences the electric property of insulating part, and because in the long-time running of GIS, the unlimited bubble of insulating part surface exposure very likely becomes " aggregate site " of various impurity, certainly will reduce the reliability of GIS greatly, for scaled-down version GIS insulating part, it influences more very.
In sum, problem such as shrink mark and bubble is that High-Voltage Electrical Appliances can't avoided under the production technology at present fully with the epoxy resins insulation pouring piece, particularly for super, extra-high voltage electrical equipment is more apparent outstanding with the production of epoxy resins insulation pouring piece, guarantee that the various insulating parts that vacuum pouring is produced down do not have shrink mark, no bubble, still do not guarantee high pressure, super, extra-high voltage GIS, the scaled-down version GIS key of insulation pouring spare reliability, and shrink mark, the elimination of defectives such as bubble or significantly minimizing, with making being greatly improved of insulation pouring spare qualification rate, certainly will produce great direct economic benefit.Therefore, how to eliminate or reduce problems such as shrink mark, bubble be epoxy resins insulation pouring piece production technology the important technological problems that must solve of can't avoiding, have to.
In view of this, the inventor is improved with the vacuum pouring technology of epoxy resins insulation pouring piece existing High-Voltage Electrical Appliances, and this case produces thus.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vacuum pressure pouring process for epoxy resins insulation pouring piece of high voltage electric appliance, to eliminate or to reduce problems such as shrink mark, bubble.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Vacuum pressure pouring process for epoxy resins insulation pouring piece of high voltage electric appliance comprises three processes: batch mixing, cast and curing; At first the epoxy resins insulation mould material is heated in the mixing tank that vacuumizes and mix, then materials mixed is poured into and be placed in the mould of having heated in the pouring can, pouring can also vacuumizes, and mold temperature is suitable with the mixing tank temperature, it is characterized in that: mould is adding under the gentle pressurization, through the demoulding behind the one-step solidification, under heating, carry out corresponding regelate at last.
In the described one-step solidification, mould pressurization 0.2MPa~0.3MPa.
In the described one-step solidification, mould pressing time is to apply 30 minutes more at least on the basis of gel time.
The temperature that described epoxy resins insulation mould material mixes in mixing tank is 110 ℃-135 ℃, and vacuum is 1-10mbar (millibar).
The temperature of mould is 110 ℃-135 ℃ in the described pouring can, and the vacuum of pouring can is 1-10mbar.
In the described one-step solidification, the temperature of mould is 110 ℃-135 ℃.
In the described regelate, temperature is 110 ℃-135 ℃.
After adopting such scheme, compare with vacuum pouring technology, the one-step solidification of epoxide resin vacuum pressure pouring technology of the present invention carries out under certain pressure.After materials mixed is injected in the mould, begin the one-step solidification reaction at a certain temperature, material is from the aqueous gel that becomes.The present invention also is aqueous these characteristics before utilizing material gel, behind casting complete, exerts pressure on the cast gate of mould immediately, be retained to material gel always after.Owing in the one-step solidification process, increased to mould material this operation of pressurizeing, so, the transition process of material from aqueous to gel, the shrink mark that constantly produces during curing reaction carries out can continue to force material to remedy under institute's applied pressure, the bubble that cavity surface can't be overflowed also can break it under institute's applied pressure or be driven, thereby make the no bubble in insulation pouring spare surface after the final curing, no shrink mark has stable dimensional accuracy and excellent electric, mechanical performance.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is High-Voltage Electrical Appliances epoxide resin automatic pressure gel process charts;
Fig. 2 is High-Voltage Electrical Appliances epoxide resin vacuum pouring technology flow charts;
Fig. 3 is a process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is epoxy resin cure reaction contracting model figure;
Fig. 5 is the cure under pressure schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, be the vacuum pressure pouring process for epoxy resins insulation pouring piece of high voltage electric appliance that the present invention discloses, comprise three processes: batch mixing, cast and curing (once, secondary).
At first, epoxy resin, filler and curing agent and other mould materials are mixed under certain temperature, vacuum in mixing tank.In this step, the selection of concrete material is decided according to actual product, and determining of temperature, vacuum is the same with vacuum pouring technology, decide according to concrete material, size shape of product or the like, this is a known technology, and general temperature is 110 ℃-135 ℃, and vacuum is 1-10mbar.
Then, under certain temperature, vacuum, materials mixed is poured in the mould that is placed in the pouring can.In this step, determining of temperature, vacuum is the same with vacuum pouring technology, decides according to concrete material, size shape of product or the like, and this is a known technology, and general temperature is 110 ℃-135 ℃, and vacuum is 1-10mbar.
Then, mould is under uniform temperature and certain pressure, through the demoulding behind the one-step solidification of certain hour.In this step, determining of temperature, time is the same with vacuum pouring technology, decides according to concrete material, size shape of product or the like, and this is a known technology.Concrete pressed temperature depends on the one-step solidification temperature of poured with epoxy resin material, and is promptly identical with the one-step solidification temperature, and general temperature is 110 ℃-135 ℃; And applying of pressure is improvement of the present invention, these process conditions are not had by vacuum pouring technology, and, the pressure size is 0.2MPa~0.3MPa the best, pressing time, mainly by the gel time decision of poured with epoxy resin material, be to apply 30 minutes more at least on the basis of gel time concrete pressing time.
At last, carry out corresponding regelate at a certain temperature.In this step, determining of uniform temperature is the same with vacuum pouring technology, decides according to concrete material, size shape of product or the like, and this is a known technology, and general temperature is 110 ℃-135 ℃.
Technical thought of the present invention is as follows: the curing reaction of epoxy resin is an exothermic reaction, this problem can be described here with the variation of specific volume in the solidification process, curing reaction contracting model as shown in Figure 4:
A → B procedural representation epoxide resin material prepares the thermal expansion process when being heated to solidification temperature then according to proportioning; This process is a batch mixing process in mixing tank before the cast, not have substantially to influence for the generation of problems such as epoxy resins insulation pouring piece shrink mark;
D → E → F procedural representation curing reaction is finished, by the solidification temperature cool to room temperature; This process is equivalent to the process behind the product regelate, and problems such as the shrink mark on epoxy resins insulation pouring piece surface, bubble are irrelevant substantially with this process;
B → C → D procedural representation epoxide resin material under solidification temperature, the contraction process of isothermal cure reflection; Wherein B → C process is cast and one-step solidification process; C → D process is the regelate process, if the epoxy resins insulation pouring piece is having defectives such as shrink mark and bubble in the process before this, It dones't help the situation to arrive this process so.C ' point is the gel point of mould material, and promptly epoxide resin material becomes solid-state turning point by liquid state; Mould material before the C ' point is a viscoid, and the mould material after the C ' point is a viscoelastic body, therefore, just might solve problems such as epoxy resins insulation pouring piece surface shrink mark and bubble to the pressurization of the mould material in the mould before C ' point at all.
In order to guarantee high pressure, the reliability of super, extra-high voltage GIS and scaled-down version GIS, its used epoxy resins insulation pouring piece must be produced under the vacuum state, so casting process that is comprised in B → C process, owing to be in the vacuum pouring jar, to carry out, therefore can't in this step, make an issue of.So think hard, tried every possible means on the process of the one-step solidification that can only in B → C process, be comprised, promptly on this step, exert pressure, and then form a kind of new epoxy resins insulation pouring piece production method---epoxide resin vacuum pressure pouring technology.Like this, the one-step solidification of epoxide resin vacuum pressure pouring technology of the present invention carries out under certain pressure.After materials mixed is injected in the mould, begin the one-step solidification reaction at a certain temperature, this moment, material also was aqueous, and along with the propelling of time, viscosity of material is increasing, until gel.Also be aqueous these characteristics before vacuum pressure cast utilizes material gel just, behind casting complete, on the cast gate of mould, exert pressure immediately, be retained to material gel always after.The transition process of material from aqueous to gel, owing to remain certain pressure on the cast gate place material, the shrink mark that constantly produces during curing reaction carries out can continue to force material to remedy under institute's applied pressure, the bubble that cavity surface can't be overflowed also can break it under institute's applied pressure or be driven, thereby make the no bubble in insulation pouring spare surface after the final curing, no shrink mark has stable dimensional accuracy and excellent electric, mechanical performance.
In order to realize cure under pressure, as shown in Figure 5, must possess following facility:
At first, the seal cover board 2 of snap joint 1 need be housed, can match with the cast gate of vacuum pouring mould 3, be fixed on apace on the cast gate, convenient disassembly has a plurality of snap joints 1 among the figure, convenient simultaneously and the use that matches of a plurality of moulds 3.Secondly, heat-resisting pressurized with compressed air pipe 5 is installed in the curing oven 4, pipe end is furnished with the joint that matches with snap joint 1 on the seal cover board 2.The 3rd, the curing oven 4 outer compressed air pressure control valves 6 that are equipped with.
So, during one-step solidification, be to pressurize to curing mold, and compressed air pressure regulated, guarantee to be solidificated under the certain pressure to carry out by pressure-regulating valve by the pressurized with compressed air pipe that is installed on the seal cover board.Epoxy resins insulation pouring piece with epoxide resin vacuum pressure pouring explained hereafter of the present invention, the shrink mark and the bubble of product surface have thoroughly been eliminated, improved the reliability of epoxy resins insulation pouring piece greatly, satisfied high pressure, super, extra-high voltage GIS, scaled-down version GIS are with the requirement of insulation pouring spare.