CN101431282A - Frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101431282A CN101431282A CNA2008100801358A CN200810080135A CN101431282A CN 101431282 A CN101431282 A CN 101431282A CN A2008100801358 A CNA2008100801358 A CN A2008100801358A CN 200810080135 A CN200810080135 A CN 200810080135A CN 101431282 A CN101431282 A CN 101431282A
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- magnet steel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric motor, in particular to a permasyn motor with variable frequency, and solves the problem that the existing rotor magnetic circuit designing can not meet the performance characteristic requirement in the pull field and a rotor has poor overall performance and is not suitable for operating conditions such as high-speed operation and the like. The electric motor comprises a rotor assembly which consists of a rotating shaft and a rotor core; a rotor sheet is provided with a magnet steel groove, a magnet steel is arranged in the magnet steel groove, a front end plate and a back end plate which are in presspassung with the rotating shaft are arranged on the two ends of the rotor core, a front pressing ring and a back pressing ring which are in presspassung with the rotating shaft are arranged at the outside of the front end plate and the back end plate; the magnet steel grooves are evenly and symmetrically distributed around the rotor sheet in pairs, and each pair of magnet steel grooves are internally distributed in radial orientation, the central angle Alpha between the two magnet steel grooves in each pair is 60-180 degrees. In the invention, the electric motor has the characteristics of high efficiency, high power density and wide range of speed, thereby meeting the pull characteristic requirement of wide range of speed in the pull field of rail vehicles, rail cars and electric automobiles, greatly improving the overall performance of the rotor, and being more adaptable to the pull operating conditions of high speed operation and shock resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor, be specially the frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor of a kind of high efficiency, High Power Factor, wide speed regulating range.
Background technology
At some specific areas, as railway locomotive, motor-car, electric automobile etc., the traction electric drive system need be realized high efficiency.Because the load of traction electric machine is the variable load of a relative broad range, under this variable load occasion, require under full load and underloaded various operating mode, can both export high efficiency and High Power Factor.Existing efficient and the power factor of alternating current asynchronous inverter-fed traction motor when rated point is maximum, and when load reduced, the very fast thereupon decline of efficient and power factor can't realize more high efficiency of electric drive system.And permanent magnet synchronous motor all has greater efficiency and power factor in 20%~120% nominal load scope, is particularly suitable for the instructions for use that the traction field drives.
The frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor does not flow through electric current, so the loss of electric machine is little, and efficient obviously improves.Rotor does not flow through the electric current heating and lacks, and the cooling air quantity that needs is few, can save the cooling machine or make the sealing casing, makes the drive system volume littler, reduces the entrucking space and makes locomotive realize lightweight and low noiseization, and power of motor density is obviously improved.The vehicle lightweight also can make the higher speed of traveling on the present circuit, compares with frequency conversion asynchronous motor, and the profile installation dimension is identical, and power can improve more than 20%, and power density increases, for high speed, the heavy duty of locomotive lays the foundation remarkable in economical benefits.
At present, the domestic locomotive transmission system that relates to does not almost have with the bibliographical information of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous machine configuration aspects, and does not have ripe reasonable structural design in traction fields such as railway locomotive, motor-car and electric automobiles, still is in the development test stage.Known, rotor magnetic circuit structural is the key technology place of magneto, the rotor magnetic circuit structural difference, the runnability of motor, control system, manufacturing process and applicable situation are also inequality, existing rotor magnetic circuit structural design can not be satisfied the requirement of the peculiar characteristic of locomotive, can not indiscriminately imitate fully on traction electric machine, permanent magnet synchronous motor is must volume little, in light weight, energy index is high because the traction field not only requires, the power density height, to satisfy the distinctive operating characteristic of traction simultaneously, have wide permanent merit speed adjustable range, and guarantee required overload capacity; And existing frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure mostly is the screw structure greatly, by drawing screw rod tension rotor-core lamination, the rotor globality is poor, in running, because influencing screw rod and can generating heat of magnetic flux adds the weight of punching self and the influence of strong vibration simultaneously, screw rod has amount of deflection, cause the distortion of iron core, and the magnet steel in the punching disperses easily or frangible, so the rotor incompatibility of this version runs up and vibrates bigger operating condition.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can't satisfy the operating characteristic requirement of traction field and the type motor rotor employing screw structure in order to solve existing frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor magnetic circuit design, have that globality is poor, magnet steel is frangible, incompatibility runs up and vibrates the problem of bigger operating condition, and a kind of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprise and contain organic block, stator core, the stator of stator winding assembling and contain rotating shaft, the rotor core that in rotating shaft, is overrided to form by rotor punching, the rotor assembling of rotor winding, all have axis hole and ventilation hole on the rotor punching, also be provided with the magnet steel groove on the rotor punching, be placed with magnet steel in the magnet steel groove, innovative point of the present invention is that the rotor core two ends are respectively equipped with front end-plate and end plate, trim ring and back trim ring before the two end plates outside is respectively equipped with, wherein front end-plate and end plate respectively and be interference fit between the rotating shaft, preceding trim ring and back trim ring are respectively and be interference fit between the rotating shaft; The magnet steel groove in twos in groups symmetry be distributed on the rotor punching border, every group of magnet steel groove is the built-in radial formula and distributes, the central angle alpha between two magnet steel grooves in every group is 60 °~180 °, the axle inductance L q in length and breadth of this motor and the ratio of Ld are 3~4.Adopt above-mentioned rotor structure, the effect of front end-plate and end plate is to be used for preventing that magnet steel from dispersing when high speed rotating, before the effect of trim ring and back trim ring be to rely on the interference fit frictional force of rotating shaft end plate to compress with the inboard, improved the overall performance of rotor, the mechanical strength of rotor is improved, be more suitable for running up, the traction working condition of anti-vibration; And the structural design of above-mentioned rotor punching makes full use of the asymmetric reluctance torque that causes of rotor magnetic circuit structural, increases " weak magnetic " expansion speed ability of motor, helps the expansion of output-constant operation velocity interval.Contain two components in the frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor output torque, one of them is the permanent-magnet torque component, and being interacted by stator current magnetic field and permanent magnetic field forms.Another is the reluctance torque component, forms by rotor magnetic circuit structural is asymmetric.Reluctance torque size and the motor difference of spool inductance L d, Lq in length and breadth are directly proportional.For existing surface-adhered type rotor magnetic circuit structural, Ld=Lq, its size is irrelevant with rotor-position; To built-in rotor magnetic circuit structural, because the magnetic permeability of permanent magnet is very little in the rotor longitudinal axis magnetic circuit, make the longitudinal axis armature reaction inductance of motor be generally less than the cross-magnetizing armature reaction inductance, i.e. Ld<Lq, its value size and rotor-position have much relations.So appropriate design rotor magnetic steel central angle can be adjusted the difference size of Ld, Lq, thereby control the size of the reluctance torque of motor.To the control of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor electromagnetic torque, finally be summed up as control to transverse axis electric current Lq and longitudinal axis electric current Ld.When Ld=Lq, by regulating Lq, be equivalent to regulate the armature supply of permanent magnet direct current motor, realize control to torque and rotating speed.When Ld ≠ Lq, regulate Ld, Lq, not only can utilize reluctance torque to strengthen the torque fan-out capability, can also change longitudinal axis magnetic linkage size, realize weak-magnetic speed-regulating control to frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor.The present invention on the above-mentioned theory basis by test of many times and summary of experience, obtain the position distribution of rotor upper magnetic steel groove or magnet steel and the central angle between magnet steel groove or the magnet steel in twos, determine that simultaneously Lq/Ld ratio is 3~4, the best is 3.5 times, satisfy that the permanent magnet synchronous motor volume is little, in light weight, energy index is high, the high characteristics of power density satisfy the distinctive operating characteristic of traction electric machine simultaneously, have wide permanent merit speed adjustable range, and guarantee required overload capacity.
In order further to improve performance, increase operational reliability, described front end-plate and end plate adopt stainless steel material to make, and adopt non-magnet material to make, and can reduce brow leakage; The gap filling at described magnet steel and magnet steel groove two ends has the high strength glass cloth laminated sheet, magnet steel is fastened in the groove,
Being shaped as of described each magnet steel groove is trapezoidal, complements each other to form the air groove that is positioned at magnet steel groove two ends with rectangular magnet steel, is provided with every magnetic bridge between two magnet steel groove ends and magnet steel groove and the rotor punching edge in every group.Design every magnetic bridge and air groove has effectively improved the local supersaturation of rotor yoke magnetic circuit, restriction leakage flux.Reach a conclusion by the static magnetic field simulation analysis: be not with every magnetic bridge, the local supersaturation of rotor yoke, high-magnetodensity reaches 3.06T; Increase of the present inventionly every magnetic bridge at the magnet steel two ends, the supersaturation part is improved, and high-magnetodensity is reduced to 2.14T.
Described support side top is provided with the stator winding temperature transducer, and the rotating shaft output is equipped with the resolver that is used to measure rotor-position and speed.Utilize the stator winding temperature transducer that stator winding temperature is monitored in real time, prevented the high temperature rise operation, improve the complete machine operational reliability, inverter section adopts vector control technology simultaneously; Utilize high accuracy field orientation vector control simultaneously, adopt the high reliability resolver, in conjunction with the power drive system characteristics, carry out spinner velocity and position probing, prevent that the rotor-position signal inefficacy from causing motor generation step-out, gently then motor overheating, demagnetization, heavy then motor windings is burnt, the phenomenon of actuator power module damage takes place.Said stator winding temperature transducer and resolver are existing known products, and its structure and operation principle are that those of ordinary skill in the art knows.
Magnet steel groove of the present invention and every the special construction of magnetic bridge, determined the rotor magnetic circuit structural of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor, choose reasonable the magnet pole widths of permanent magnet, restrained the location torque that causes by tooth magnetic conductance harmonic wave effectively, reduce the torque of motor low-speed pulse effectively, solve existing railway locomotive, motor-car, electric automobile traction with the requirement of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor wide speed regulating range, prove that by prototype test this rotor magnetic circuit structural satisfies the pulling figure requirement fully.Simultaneously rotor punching is placed between the two end plates, rely on the interference fit frictional force of forward and backward trim ring to compress, and employing magnet steel damascene structures, improved the overall performance of rotor greatly, the mechanical strength of rotor is improved, be more suitable for running up, the traction working condition of anti-vibration, satisfied motor maximum speed 2100r/min requirement, change is not suitable for high-revolving shortcoming with front screw tension formula structure, have structure fastening, simple, make the characteristics of being easy to.This frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor can satisfy the pulling figure requirement of the wide speed regulating range in traction fields such as railway locomotive, motor-car and electric automobile fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the end view of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 rotor assembly structure schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the iron core position cross sectional representation of Fig. 3 rotor
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Fig. 3 rotor punching
Among the figure: the assembling of 1-stator, the assembling of 2-rotor, 3-rotor punching, 4-axis hole, the 5-ventilation hole, 6-magnet steel groove, 7-magnet steel, 8-front end-plate, trim ring before the 9-end plate, 10-, trim ring behind the 11-, 12-high strength glass cloth laminated sheet, the 13-air groove, 14-stator winding temperature transducer, 15-resolver, the outer seal ring of 16-, outer bearing cover behind the 17-, 18-bearing, internal sealed ring behind the 19-, outer bearing cover before the internal sealed ring before the 20-, 21-, 22-is every magnetic bridge.
Embodiment
Frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor, as shown in Figure 1, comprise and contain organic block, stator core, the stator of stator winding assembling 1 and contain rotating shaft, the rotor core that in rotating shaft, is overrided to form by rotor punching 3, the rotor assembling 2 of rotor winding, all have axis hole 4 and ventilation hole 5 on each rotor punching 3 of formation rotor core, also be provided with magnet steel groove 6 on the rotor punching 3, be placed with magnet steel 7 in the magnet steel groove 6, magnet steel 7 has high strength glass cloth laminated sheet 12 with the gap filling at magnet steel groove 6 two ends, as shown in Figure 3, the rotor core two ends are respectively equipped with front end-plate 8 and end plate 9, front end-plate 8 and end plate 9 adopt stainless steel material to make, trim ring 10 and back trim ring 11 before the two end plates outside is respectively equipped with, wherein front end-plate 8 and end plate 9 respectively and be interference fit between the rotating shaft, preceding trim ring 10 and back trim ring 11 are respectively and be interference fit between the rotating shaft; Shown in Fig. 4,5, magnet steel groove 6 in twos in groups symmetry be distributed on rotor punching 3 borders, every group of magnet steel groove 6 is the built-in radial formula and distributes, central angle alpha between two magnet steel grooves in every group is 60 °~180 °, the concrete numerical value of this central angle can determine that for example for four utmost point motors, angle is chosen 60 ° according to the specific design parameter of motor pole number and motor, for 6-pole motor, angle is chosen 160 °; Being shaped as of each magnet steel groove 6 is trapezoidal, complements each other to form the air groove 13 that is positioned at magnet steel groove 6 two ends with rectangular magnet steel 7, is provided with every magnetic bridge 22 between two magnet steel groove ends and magnet steel groove 6 and rotor punching 3 edges in every group.As shown in Figure 2, stator assembles 1 side top and is provided with stator winding temperature transducer 14, and the rotating shaft output is equipped with the resolver 15 that is used to measure rotor-position and speed.
In order further to optimize this electric machine structure, adopt the structure similar to original motor, adopt welded-steel plate construction such as out frame, support is provided with air inlet and air outlet, and non-transmision end is little end cover structure, and the inwall of electric machine stand is provided with air duct.Stator core adopts the cold rolling electric sheet of high-temperaure coating to be overrided to form, and two ends are provided with the end plate punching rises with the restriction tooth, and adopts the mode of welding and the pressing plate at two ends to be fixed as firm integral body.Stator winding is the two-layered, formed winding of three-phase, and vacuum pressure impregnation and rotary roasting are carried out in the assembling of stator core coil, and insulating barrier does not exist any type of hole, good insulation preformance behind the dipping lacquer.After the stator core rule was finished, the assembling of stator core coil was pressed in the out frame, with bolted support and ironcore choke assembling.Palace formula sealing is adopted back in the sealing of bearing, and the lubricating grease that can guarantee to be in operation reduces volatilization, and the motor two ends are equipped with fuel filler neck.Motor adopts the self-ventilation type of cooling, at driving end the cast aluminium centrifugal fan is housed, and the air inlet of motor and air outlet place install guard additional, and cooling air is discharged motor behind rotor ventilation road, air gap, stator air duct.
This frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor first Application is in vehicle towed field, and the motor major parameter is as follows:
Rated power 120kW
Rated voltage 274V
Rated current 298A
Power factor 0.91
Rated efficiency 93%
Rated speed 720r/min
Maximum functional rotating speed 2100r/min
Rated frequency 24Hz
Permanent merit scope 720~1500r/min
Type of cooling self-ventilation
Class of insulation H
Lq/Ld 3.5
Claims (5)
1, a kind of frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprise and contain organic block, stator core, the stator of stator winding assembles (1) and contains rotating shaft, the rotor core that in rotating shaft, is overrided to form by rotor punching (3), the rotor assembling (2) of rotor winding, all have axis hole (4) and ventilation hole (5) on the rotor punching (3), also be provided with magnet steel groove (6) on the rotor punching (3), be placed with magnet steel (7) in the magnet steel groove (6), it is characterized in that the rotor core two ends are respectively equipped with front end-plate (8) and end plate (9), the two end plates outside is respectively equipped with preceding trim ring (10) and back trim ring (11), wherein front end-plate (8) and end plate (9) respectively and be interference fit between the rotating shaft, preceding trim ring (10) and back trim ring (11) are respectively and be interference fit between the rotating shaft; Magnet steel groove (6) in twos in groups symmetry be distributed on rotor punching (3) border, every group of magnet steel groove (6) is the built-in radial formula and distributes, central angle alpha between two magnet steel grooves in every group is 60 °~180 °, and the axle inductance L q in length and breadth of this motor and the ratio of Ld are 3~4.
2, the described frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 1 is characterized in that front end-plate (8) and end plate (9) adopt stainless steel material to make.
3, frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the magnet steel (7) and the gap filling at magnet steel groove (6) two ends have high strength glass cloth laminated sheet (12).
4, frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that being shaped as of each magnet steel groove (6) is trapezoidal, complements each other to form the air groove (13) that is positioned at magnet steel groove (6) two ends with rectangular magnet steel (7); Be provided with every magnetic bridge (22) between two magnet steel groove ends and magnet steel groove (6) and rotor punching (3) edge in every group.
5, frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that stator assembling (1) side top is provided with stator winding temperature transducer (14), and the rotating shaft output is equipped with the resolver (15) that is used to measure rotor-position and speed.
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CN2008100801358A CN101431282B (en) | 2008-12-13 | 2008-12-13 | Frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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CN2008100801358A CN101431282B (en) | 2008-12-13 | 2008-12-13 | Frequency conversion permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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CN101431282B CN101431282B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101789649A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-07-28 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Motor with mixed-flow fan for circulating inner and outer air paths |
CN102624162A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-01 | 上海电气集团上海电机厂有限公司 | Manufacturing method for stator of brushless excitation motor |
CN103618412A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-05 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Vehicle automatic control system motor capable of efficiently dissipating heat at low rotating speed and saving energy at high rotating speed |
CN104143892A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-12 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Embedded permanent magnet rotary electric machine |
CN104767337A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-08 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Permanent-magnet synchronous traction motor for motor train |
CN107863830A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-03-30 | 宁波菲仕运动控制技术有限公司 | A kind of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor component and its manufacture method |
CN107994750A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-04 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high power density high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
CN108023452A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-11 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high-voltage explosion-proof frequency conversion drive three-phase permanent-magnetic synchronous motors |
CN108696083A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-10-23 | 襄阳宇清电驱动科技有限公司 | A kind of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor iron core endoporus support construction |
CN110098683A (en) * | 2019-06-07 | 2019-08-06 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | A kind of traction electric machine stator |
CN110365146A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-22 | 株式会社安川电机 | The assembly method of motor rotor, motor and motor rotor |
CN112260438A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-22 | 青岛中加特电气股份有限公司 | Motor and rotor thereof |
CN113346704A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 银川威马电机有限责任公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and high-power electric mine car using same |
CN113991902A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-28 | 山东中喆德元智能装备有限公司 | Efficient body excitation motor rotor structure, mounting method and motor |
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2008
- 2008-12-13 CN CN2008100801358A patent/CN101431282B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101789649A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-07-28 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Motor with mixed-flow fan for circulating inner and outer air paths |
CN101789649B (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-05 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Motor with mixed-flow fan for circulating inner and outer air paths |
CN102624162A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-01 | 上海电气集团上海电机厂有限公司 | Manufacturing method for stator of brushless excitation motor |
CN104143892A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-12 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Embedded permanent magnet rotary electric machine |
CN103618412A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-05 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Vehicle automatic control system motor capable of efficiently dissipating heat at low rotating speed and saving energy at high rotating speed |
CN104767337A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-08 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Permanent-magnet synchronous traction motor for motor train |
CN104767337B (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2017-08-25 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Motor-car permanent magnet synchronous traction motor |
CN108696083A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-10-23 | 襄阳宇清电驱动科技有限公司 | A kind of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor iron core endoporus support construction |
CN107994750A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-04 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high power density high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
CN108023452A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-11 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high-voltage explosion-proof frequency conversion drive three-phase permanent-magnetic synchronous motors |
CN107863830A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-03-30 | 宁波菲仕运动控制技术有限公司 | A kind of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor component and its manufacture method |
CN107863830B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2024-04-05 | 宁波菲仕运动控制技术有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor assembly and manufacturing method thereof |
CN110365146A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-22 | 株式会社安川电机 | The assembly method of motor rotor, motor and motor rotor |
CN110098683A (en) * | 2019-06-07 | 2019-08-06 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | A kind of traction electric machine stator |
CN112260438A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-22 | 青岛中加特电气股份有限公司 | Motor and rotor thereof |
CN113346704A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-03 | 银川威马电机有限责任公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and high-power electric mine car using same |
CN113991902A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-28 | 山东中喆德元智能装备有限公司 | Efficient body excitation motor rotor structure, mounting method and motor |
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