CN101428670B - Hydraulic shock absorber - Google Patents

Hydraulic shock absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101428670B
CN101428670B CN2008101780310A CN200810178031A CN101428670B CN 101428670 B CN101428670 B CN 101428670B CN 2008101780310 A CN2008101780310 A CN 2008101780310A CN 200810178031 A CN200810178031 A CN 200810178031A CN 101428670 B CN101428670 B CN 101428670B
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China
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spring
pipe
adjustable bolt
spring cup
axletree
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CN2008101780310A
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CN101428670A (en
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村上阳亮
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Hitachi Astemo Ltd
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Showa Corp
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Priority claimed from JP2005315309A external-priority patent/JP4602228B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2005373285A external-priority patent/JP4718995B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2006079592A external-priority patent/JP2007255538A/en
Priority claimed from JP2006177358A external-priority patent/JP4825061B2/en
Application filed by Showa Corp filed Critical Showa Corp
Publication of CN101428670A publication Critical patent/CN101428670A/en
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Abstract

The technical scheme of the invention is to simplify the structure that a lower spring base is lifted from outside in a hydraulic bumper which adjusts spring load through lifting the lower spring base installed at the base side of inner tube. The invention relates to the hydraulic buffer (10) which is clamped with a bearing spring (33) between the upper spring base (31) at the side of piston lever (23) and the lower spring base (32) at the base side of inner tube (12). The lower spring base (32) is supported by an adjusting bolt (71) installed at the base side of inner tube (12). The lower spring base (32) is lifted through the screw rotation of adjusting bolt (71) for adjusting the spring load of bearing spring (33).

Description

Water bumper
The present invention divides an application for following application, and original application information is as follows:
The applying date: on September 26th, 2006
Application number: 200610139553.0
Denomination of invention: water bumper
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for motor vehicle water bumper.
Background technology
As for motor vehicle water bumper, has the real water bumper of being put down in writing among the flat 2-150439 (patent documentation 1) of opening as Japan, wherein, in the outer tube of car body side, insert the interior pipe of the axletree side that can be free to slide, in described, on the interior week of pipe distance member is set, mark off the work grease chamber in the bottom of this distance member, mark off the reservoir compartment on top, the piston rod that is installed in described outer tube side passes described distance member ground, and to insert described power fluid indoor, on the leading section of this piston rod, be provided with piston in the indoor slip of described power fluid, the power fluid of pipe is indoor in described, the upper spring seat of piston rod side and should in axle spring is installed between the lower spring cup of bottom side of pipe.
The water bumper of patent documentation 1 is, the bottom side of pipe in plunger is entrenched in slidably, on the top of plunger the lower spring cup that axle spring is used is housed, be provided with the pressurized compartment of power fluid in the bottom of plunger, the pump plug mobile by peripheral operation pressurizes to the pressurized compartment, can adjust the spring load of axle spring from the outside.
The real water bumper of opening clear 60-139591 (patent documentation 2) of Japan is, spring load by plunger supporting axle spring, and the inclined plane part that setting is relative with plunger, by the ball of adjustable bolt pushing between the inclined-plane of plunger and inclined plane part, can adjust the spring load of axle spring from the outside.
In the water bumper of patent documentation 1, need be at the bottom side of interior pipe pack into slidably plunger or pump plug, this can be very difficult in component processing and assembling, and cost uprises simultaneously.
In addition, the load of axle spring is by the supporting of the power fluid of pressurized compartment, is being difficult to aspect the higher working hydraulic pressure in sealing pressurized compartment, and cost uprises simultaneously.
In the water bumper of patent documentation 2, structure is, from the ball of the horizontal promotion relative with the inclined-plane of inclined plane part by the adjustable bolt pushing, this ball pushed to this inclined-plane, because the distortion on the inclined-plane that contacts with ball point, can damage the durability of inclined plane part.The diameter of ball is subjected to it restriction on space is set, and the adjusting range of spring load is less.
In addition, in water bumper, the adjustment of the spring load of axle spring preferably also can be carried out under the state of axletree not being pulled down from water bumper.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters of the present invention is, make be arranged in the lower spring cup lifting of axle spring of bottom side of pipe adjust in the water bumper of spring load, seek make the structural simplification of lower spring cup lifting from the outside.
Another technical matters of the present invention is, make be arranged in the lower spring cup lifting of axle spring of bottom side of pipe adjust in the water bumper of spring load, seek under the state of not pulling down, to make the structural simplification of lower spring cup lifting from the outside from axletree.
Another technical matters of the present invention is, make be arranged in the lower spring cup lifting of bottom side of pipe adjust in the water bumper of spring load of axle spring, seek under the state of not pulling down axletree, to make the structural simplification of lower spring cup lifting, guarantee sufficient spring load adjusting range and durability from the outside.
Water bumper of the present invention is, in the outer tube of car body side, can insert the interior pipe of axletree side with being free to slide, in described, on the interior week of pipe distance member is set, mark off the work grease chamber in the bottom of this distance member, mark off the reservoir compartment on top, it is indoor that the piston rod that is installed on described outer tube side is passed the described distance member ground described power fluid of insertion, the leading section of this piston rod is provided with the piston that slides in described work grease chamber, the power fluid of pipe is indoor in described, the upper spring seat of piston rod side and should in clamped axle spring between the lower spring cup of bottom side of pipe, wherein, the adjustable bolt supporting lower spring cup that is provided with by the bottom side of pipe in described, utilize the helical rotation of adjustable bolt, lifting lower spring cup, the spring load of adjustment axle spring.
In addition, water bumper of the present invention is, in the outer tube of car body side, can insert the interior pipe of axletree side with being free to slide, in described, on the interior week of pipe distance member is set, mark off the work grease chamber in the bottom of this distance member, mark off the reservoir compartment on top, it is indoor that the piston rod that is installed on described outer tube side is passed the described distance member ground described power fluid of insertion, the leading section of this piston rod is provided with the piston that slides in described work grease chamber, the power fluid of pipe is indoor in described, the upper spring seat of piston support component side and should in clamped axle spring between the lower spring cup of bottom side of pipe, wherein, utilize adjustable bolt supporting lower spring cup, utilize the helical rotation of adjustable bolt, lifting lower spring cup, the spring load of adjustment axle spring, this adjustable bolt with above the position of leaving the axletree mounting hole of the bottom of pipe in described to exterior state, be arranged on this bottom.
In addition, water bumper of the present invention is, in the outer tube of car body side, can insert the interior pipe of axletree side with being free to slide, in described, on the interior week of pipe distance member is set, mark off the work grease chamber in the bottom of this distance member, mark off the reservoir compartment on top, it is indoor that the piston rod that is installed on described outer tube side is passed the described distance member ground described power fluid of insertion, the leading section of this piston rod is provided with the piston that slides in described work grease chamber, the power fluid of pipe is indoor in described, the upper spring seat of piston rod side and should in clamped axle spring between the lower spring cup of bottom side of pipe, wherein, the bottom of pipe is provided with on the position of leaving the axletree mounting hole of this bottom exterior adjuster in described, utilize be arranged at described in adjustable bolt supporting lower spring cup on the bottom of pipe, by the operation that applies to adjuster from the outside, the helical rotation adjustable bolt, utilize the helical rotation of adjustable bolt, lifting lower spring cup, the spring load of adjustment axle spring.
In addition, water bumper of the present invention is, in the outer tube of car body side, can insert the interior pipe of axletree side with being free to slide, in described, on the interior week of pipe distance member is set, mark off the work grease chamber in the bottom of this distance member, mark off the reservoir compartment on top, it is indoor that the piston rod that is installed on described outer tube side is passed the described distance member ground described power fluid of insertion, the leading section of this piston rod is provided with the piston that slides in described work grease chamber, the power fluid of pipe is indoor in described, the upper spring seat of piston rod side and should in clamped axle spring between the lower spring cup of bottom side of pipe, wherein, the bottom of pipe is provided with on the position of leaving the axletree mounting hole of this bottom exterior adjustable bolt in described, and be provided with the following plunger of supporting lower spring cup, be filled with a plurality of balls continuously in the bending pipeline that between adjustable bolt and plunger, extends, the ball butt of the ball group's of the end face of adjustable bolt and the continuous shape of formation a end, the ball butt of the end face of plunger and this ball group's the other end, utilize the helical rotation lifting lower spring cup of adjustable bolt, adjust the spring load of axle spring.
In addition, water bumper of the present invention is, in the outer tube of car body side, can insert the interior pipe of axletree side with being free to slide, in described, on the interior week of pipe distance member is set, mark off the work grease chamber in the bottom of this distance member, mark off the reservoir compartment on top, it is indoor that the piston support parts that are installed on described outer tube side are passed the described distance member ground described power fluid of insertion, the leading section of these piston support parts is provided with the piston that slides in described work grease chamber, the power fluid of pipe is indoor in described, the upper spring seat of piston support component side and should in clamped axle spring between the lower spring cup of bottom side of pipe, wherein, the bottom of pipe is provided with on the position of leaving the axletree mounting hole of this bottom exterior adjustable bolt in described, and, make the slide block on the bottom that is arranged at interior pipe can utilize rotational force straight line on the direction that the center shaft with interior pipe intersects of adjustable bolt to move, the lower bevel mounting that makes lower spring cup is on the upper inclined surface of slide block, utilize the rotation of adjustable bolt, the lifting lower spring cup, the spring load of adjustment axle spring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the water bumper single-piece section-drawing of the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the bottom section-drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the pars intermedia section-drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the top section-drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the section-drawing of spring load setting device.
Fig. 6 is the front elevation of adjustable bolt.
Fig. 7 is an adjustment nut, (A) is section-drawing, (B) is birds-eye view.
Fig. 8 is the section-drawing of sleeve pipe.
Fig. 9 is the birds-eye view of spline pad.
Figure 10 is the section-drawing of lower spring cup.
Figure 11 is the section-drawing of the variation of spring load setting device.
Figure 12 is the section-drawing of the spring load setting device of the 2nd embodiment.
Figure 13 is the front elevation of adjustable bolt.
Figure 14 is an adjustment nut, (A) is sectional side view, (B) is birds-eye view, (C) is end view drawing.
Figure 15 is a slide block, (A) is lateral plan, (B) is birds-eye view, (C) is front elevation, (D) is back view.
Figure 16 is the birds-eye view of spline pad.
Figure 17 is the section-drawing of lower spring cup.
Figure 18 is the section-drawing of the variation of spring load setting device.
Figure 19 is the section-drawing of the spring load setting device of the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 20 is an adjuster, (A) is front elevation, (B) is end view drawing.
Figure 21 is a stick harness, (A) is front elevation, (B) is end view drawing.
Figure 22 is the front elevation of adjustable bolt.
Figure 23 is an adjustment nut, (A) is half-sectional view, (B) is end view drawing.
Figure 24 is the birds-eye view of spline pad.
Figure 25 is the half-sectional view of lower spring cup
Figure 26 is the water bumper single-piece section-drawing of the 4th embodiment.
Figure 27 is the section-drawing of spring load setting device.
Figure 28 is the section-drawing of damping force adjusting apparatus.
Figure 29 is a bending pipeline organizator, (A) is section-drawing, (B) is ground plan.
Figure 30 is a stick harness, (A) is section-drawing, (B) is front elevation.
Figure 31 is the front elevation of adjustable bolt.
Figure 32 is the section-drawing of lower spring cup.
Figure 33 is the water bumper single-piece section-drawing of the 5th embodiment.
Figure 34 is the section-drawing of spring load setting device.
Figure 35 be the spring load setting device want portion's enlarged drawing.
Figure 36 is a nut, (A) is front elevation, (B) is section-drawing.
Figure 37 is a slide block, (A) is front elevation, (B) is lateral plan, (C) is the section-drawing along the C-C line of (A).
Figure 38 is a lower spring cup, (A) is front elevation, (B) is section-drawing, (C) is birds-eye view.
Figure 39 is the bottom of lower spring cup, (A) is backplan, (B) is the section-drawing along the B-B line of (A).
Figure 40 is the variation of slide block, (A) is front elevation, (B) is lateral plan.
The specific embodiment
(the 1st embodiment) (Fig. 1～Figure 11)
Water bumper 10 is the handstand type front fork that outer tube 11 is arranged on the car body side and interior pipe 12 is arranged on wheel side, as Fig. 1～shown in Figure 4, pilot bushing 12A on pipe 12 the upper end open portion periphery by the pilot bushing 11A on week in the lower ending opening portion that is fixed on outer tube 11 and in being fixed on, interior pipe 12 inserts the inside of outer tube 11 slidably.11B is an oil sealing, and 11C is for being covered with dust.Hydraulic seal ground screw thread is fixed with cover 13 in the upper end open portion of outer tube 11, is provided with car body side installing component 14A, 14B on the periphery of outer tube 11.Insertion of hydraulic seal ground and screw thread are fixed with axletree carriage 15 in the lower ending opening portion of interior pipe 12, and the bottom of pipe 12 is provided with axletree mounting hole 16 in constituting on axletree carriage 15.
Water bumper 10 marks off the interior week of outer tube 11, the periphery of interior pipe 12 and the ring-type grease chamber 17 that is divided by described 2 pilot bushing 11A, 12A.
Water bumper 10 is provided with distance member 19 by getting involved O shape ring on week with waiting hydraulic seal in the upper end side of interior pipe 12, mark off work grease chamber 21 by the bar guide part 19A of distance member 19 in the bottom, marks off reservoir compartment 22 in top.In reservoir compartment 22, its underside area is the 22A of grease chamber, and upper-side area is energy chamber 22B.
Water bumper 10 is that the piston rod 23 that is installed on the outer tube 11 can be inserted among the bar guide part 19A of distance member 19 with being free to slide.Be specially, the fixing hollow piston rod 23 of screw thread is fixed it by jam nut 25 on the bottom of cover 13 central part.
Water bumper 10 is, on the leading section of the piston rod 23 in the bar guide part 19A from distance member 19 inserts the pipe 12, be fixed with the piston 26 with interior all moving contacts of interior pipe 12, the 21B of piston side grease chamber that described grease chamber 21 is divided into the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber that takes in piston rod 23 and does not take in piston rod 23.Piston 26 is fixing by nut 27.
Water bumper 10 often is communicated with described ring-type grease chamber 17 with the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber by the oilhole 28 on the pipe 12 in being arranged on.
Water bumper 10 is butt joint upper spring seat 31 on the lower surface of the 21B of piston side grease chamber that faces piston 26, the seat of honour, bottom at the interior pipe 12 that forms axletree carriage 15 is equipped with lower spring cup 32, between the 31C of spring perch portion and lower spring cup 32 that are provided with on the stage portion of the 31B of reducing diameter part bottom that links to each other with the tapering 31A of upper spring seat 31, clamped axle spring 33.Water bumper 10 is by the stretching vibration of axle spring 33, the impulsive force that is subjected to from the road surface when being absorbed in travelled by vehicle.
Water bumper 10 has attenuation power generating means 40 on piston 26.
Attenuation power generating means 40 has compressed side stream 41 and elongate sides stream 42 (not shown).Compressed side stream 41 utilizes the compressed side moushroom valve 41A that is supported on the valve killer 41B to carry out switch.Elongate sides stream 42 utilizes the elongate sides moushroom valve 42A that is supported on the valve killer 42B to carry out switch.In addition, valve killer 41B, valve 41A, piston 26, valve 42A, valve killer 42B formation plug-in type are connected the valve assembly in the piston rod 23, be sandwiched in the locating ring 41C of clamping on the piston rod 23 and screw thread and be fixed between the nut 27 on the piston rod 23, fix.
Attenuation power generating means 40 hydraulic seal ground screw thread on the central part of cover 13 is fixed with adjusting lever 43, to be fixed in the hollow bulb of the needle-valve 44 insertion piston rods 23 on the adjusting lever 43, adjust the aperture of the by pass line 45 that is provided with on the piston rod 23 by the up-and-down movement of needle-valve 44.By pass line 45 is piston 26 bypass, and the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber is connected with the 21B of piston side grease chamber.
Attenuation power generating means 40 is in the compressed side stroke, in low-speed region, by adjust the passage resistance generation compressed side attenuation power of the by pass line 45 of aperture by needle-valve 44, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation compressed side attenuation power of compressed side moushroom valve 41A.In addition, in the elongate sides stroke, in low-speed region, by adjust the passage resistance generation elongate sides attenuation power of the by pass line 45 of aperture by needle-valve 44, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation elongate sides attenuation power of elongate sides moushroom valve 42A.By this compressed side attenuation power and elongate sides attenuation power, with the stretching vibration vibration damping of described axle spring 33.
Water bumper 10 on cover 13 lower surface, be fixedly connected with in compression stroke be arranged in manage stop rubber 13A, the check plate 13B that dock the upper end of the distance member 19 on 12, limit compression stroke by this stop rubber 13A.
Water bumper 10 the distance member 19 of the upper end side of interior pipe 12 in the face of spring perch 51 fixing on the lower surface of the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber and be arranged between the valve killer 41B on the upper surface side of piston 26 rebound spring 52 be installed.When water bumper 10 extends most, distance member 19 and valve killer 41B between spring 52 pressurization of will knock-oning, limit extended travel thus.
Yet, in water bumper 10, the cross-sectional area S1 of the described ring-type grease chamber 17 that constitutes by the annular gap of outer tube 11 and interior pipe 12 be formed cross-sectional area (being enclosed in the area of external diameter) S2 than piston rod 23 big (S1〉S2, but also can be S1 ≧ S2).
In addition, on the bar guide part 19A of distance member 19, be provided with boiler check valve 60, this boiler check valve 60 allows from the reservoir compartment 22 to the flowing of the oil of the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber in the compressed side stroke, stop the flowing to the oil of reservoir compartment 22 from the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber in the elongate sides stroke.On the interior week of the bar guide part 19A of distance member 19, be provided with valve chamber 61, at the stage portion 61A of the upper end side of valve chamber 61 with between the support spring 53 on the described spring perch 51 of valve chamber 61 lower end side settings, taken in boiler check valve 60.The size of boiler check valve 60 is shorter with the interval of spring perch 51 than stage portion 61A, forms translot 62 on the lower surface.Boiler check valve 60 is set to, can being shifted up and down in interior week of the valve chamber 61 that is provided with on the bar guide part 19A of distance member 19.Between the interior week of the valve chamber 61 that the bar guide part 19A of the periphery of boiler check valve 60 and distance member 19 go up to be provided with, form and allow from the reservoir compartment 22 the streams that flow to the oil of the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber.Boiler check valve 60 has lining 63, and the lining 63 that can support piston rod 23 is pressed into inferior week in it with being free to slide.In the compressed side stroke, boiler check valve 60 moves to the below of Fig. 3 linkedly with the piston rod 23 that enters in the interior pipe 12, dock with spring perch 51, and form the gap between the stage portion 61A, can with the oil of the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber from translot 62 through its peripheries ground by and stage portion 61A between the gap, discharge to reservoir compartment 22.In the elongate sides stroke, boiler check valve 60 moves to the top of Fig. 3 linkedly with the piston rod 23 that withdraws from from interior pipe 12,61A docks with stage portion, thereby close and this stage portion 61A between the gap, stop the oil of the piston rod side 21A of grease chamber to be discharged to reservoir compartment 22 along the path opposite with above-mentioned compressed side stroke.
In addition, because the bar guide part 19A of distance member 19 unsealing around piston rod 23 is connected with oil sealing, so the minim gap (or the minim gap that forms between boiler check valve 60 and the stage portion 61A) by the lining 63 that is pressed into week in the boiler check valve 60 forms around piston rod 23 constitutes the small stream (aperture) 64 (not shown) that is communicated with piston rod side 21A of grease chamber and reservoir compartment 22.Small stream 64 also can be arranged on the bar guide part 19A of distance member 19, and the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber is communicated with reservoir compartment 22.
The action of water bumper 10 is as described below.
(compressed side stroke)
In the compressed side stroke, the 21A of grease chamber in the power fluid of the inlet volume amount of the piston rod 23 in entering in the pipe 12 week in interior pipe 12 is transferred to the ring-type grease chamber 17 by the oilhole 28 of interior pipe 12.At this moment because the volume recruitment Δ S1 (increment) of ring-type grease chamber 17 is bigger than the volume recruitment Δ S2 of piston rod 23, in the necessary increment of the oil of ring-type grease chamber 17, (Δ S1-Δ S2) in shortage from the reservoir compartment 22 by boiler check valve 60 supplies.
In this compressed side stroke, as previously mentioned, in low-speed region, produce the compressed side attenuation power, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation compressed side attenuation power of compressed side moushroom valve 41A by the passage resistance of adjusting the by pass line 45 of aperture by needle-valve 44.
(elongate sides stroke)
In the elongate sides stroke, the 21A of grease chamber in the power fluid that withdraws from volumetric quantity of the piston rod 23 that withdraws from from interior pipe 12 interior week of pipe 12 in the oilhole 28 of ring-type grease chamber 17 by interior pipe 12 is transferred to.At this moment, because the volume reducing amount Δ S1 (discharge rate) of ring-type grease chamber 17 is bigger than the volume reducing amount Δ S2 of piston rod 23, surplus from the discharge rate of the oil of ring-type grease chamber 17, (Δ S1-Δ S2) is discharged to reservoir compartment 22 by small stream 64.
In this elongate sides stroke, as previously mentioned, in low-speed region, produce the elongate sides attenuation power, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation elongate sides attenuation power of elongate sides moushroom valve 42A by the passage resistance of adjusting the by pass line 45 of aperture by needle-valve 44.In addition, because the passage resistance of above-mentioned small stream 64 also produces the elongate sides attenuation power.
Below, lifting lower spring cup 32 is described and adjusts the spring load setting device 70 of the spring load of axle spring 33.
Spring load setting device 70 as shown in Figure 5, by the adjustable bolt 71 supporting lower spring cups 32 of bottom (the axletree carriage 15) side of pipe 12 in being arranged at, the helical rotation by adjustable bolt 71 makes lower spring cup 32 liftings and adjusts the spring load of axle spring 33.Specific as follows described.
(1) with respect to behaviour's functional hole 15A, from inserting the operating portion 71A of adjustable bolt 71 in the face of a side of the private side of interior pipe 12, in being located in and being fixed on by screw thread, this behaviour functional hole 15A manages in 12 the lower ending opening portion on the line of centers of axletree mounting hole 16 of axletree carriage 15 before.Adjustable bolt 71 has operating portion 71A, as shown in Figure 6 than operating portion 71A diameter big flange part 71B and threaded portion 71C, has instrument and stop to use hexagon ring 71D on the end face of operating portion 71A, embeds O shape ring 71E on the circumferential groove of operating portion 71A.Adjustable bolt 71 together hydraulic seal ground inserts operating portion 71A and O shape ring 71E among behaviour's functional hole 15A, on the inner face around flange part 71B is supported on behaviour's functional hole 15A of axletree carriage 15 and under the state of outside anticreep, the hexagon ring 71D that makes operating portion 71A from behaviour's functional hole 15A in the face of outside (axletree mounting hole 16).
(2) with respect to the threaded portion 71C in the face of interior pipe 12 in-to-in adjustable bolts 71, screw thread is adjustment nut 72 fixedly.Adjustment nut 72 from the upright barrel-contoured special-shaped 72B of portion of edge part 72A, has threaded portion 72C as shown in Figure 7 on the interior week of the special-shaped 72B of portion.The 72B of abnormity portion for example has bilateral apart from portion on the cylinder outside.Adjustment nut 72 is fixed on its threaded portion 72C on the threaded portion 71C of adjustable bolt 71 from edge part 72A side screw thread.Edge part 72A was docked on spline pad 74 described later following, the upward stroke end of restriction adjustment nut 72.
(3) will be seated in adjustment nut 72 sleeve pipe 73 mountings on every side on the flange part 71B of adjustable bolt 71.Sleeve pipe 73 is installed between the flange part 71B of adjustable bolt 71 and spline pad 74 described later following as shown in Figure 8, and adjustable bolt 71 can not be pressed into from the outside.
(4) axletree carriage 15 screw threads are fixed in the lower ending opening portion of interior pipe 12.At this moment, spline pad 74 crampings are between interior all step surfaces of the lower surface of interior pipe 12 and axletree carriage 15.Spline pad 74 has spline as shown in Figure 9 with special-shaped slit 74A, passes the special-shaped 72B of portion of the adjustment nut 72 of above-mentioned (2) in the 74A of this abnormity slit.Thus, adjustment nut 72 is by the helical rotation spline of spline pad 74 with respect to adjustable bolt 71, straight-line motion ground lifting in special-shaped slit 74A.
(5) at the interior week insertion lower spring cup 32 of interior pipe 12, the back side of lower spring cup 32 is docked with the leading section of adjustment nut 72.Lower spring cup 32 constitutes cup-shaped as shown in figure 10, and dock with the leading section of adjustment nut 72 at the back side of cup bottom, and embedding in the cup circumferential groove has O shape ring 75.In together being entrenched in to hydraulic seal with O shape ring 75, lower spring cup 32 on the interior week of pipe 12, makes of back side chamber 76 (adjustable bolt 71 and lower spring cup 32 between take in the space of adjustment nut 72, sleeve pipe 73, spline pad 74) the hydraulic seal ground sealing of the grease chamber 21 on lower spring cup 32 tops with respect to lower spring cup 32.After this, the inside with axle spring 33 inserts interior pipe 12 is bearing on the lower spring cup 32 axle spring 33.
Under the state that has assembled punching press energy disperser 10, if be inserted into the instrument of grasping the functional hole 15A by axletree mounting hole 16 from axletree carriage 15, operating portion 71A by adjustable bolt 71 makes adjustable bolt 71 helical rotation, then adjustment nut 72 liftings, lower spring cup 32 liftings of docking with this adjustment nut 72.Lower spring cup 32 and the upper spring seat 31 of piston rod 23 sides between adjust the initial stage length of axle spring 33, to adjust the spring load of axle spring 33.
Can realize following effect and effect according to present embodiment.
(a) bottom side at interior pipe 12 is provided with adjustable bolt 71 rotationally, compares with the water bumper of slide unit such as the plunger of packing into, and component processing and assembling are oversimplified.
(b) load of axle spring 33 is directly supported by adjustable bolt 71, and the hermetically-sealed construction of power fluid is simplified and be effective, and has improved functional reliability.
(c) under the state on the inner face of the bottom of pipe 12, by carry out rotating operation from the outside, make adjustment nut 72 straight-line motions of spline in adjustable bolt 71 separation preventings are bearing in, adjustment nut 72 can make lower spring cup 32 liftings of rear support.
(d) by in the inside of interior pipe 12 with chamber, the back side 76 sealings of the work grease chamber 21 on lower spring cup 32 tops with respect to lower spring cup 32, the lifting of the lower spring cup 32 in the inside of interior pipe 12 makes the also lifting of pasta of reservoir compartment 22 by the work grease chamber 21 of interior pipe 12.Therefore, the spring load of the lift adjustment axle spring 33 by lower spring cup 32, the rising of the pasta by reservoir compartment 22 enlarges energy chamber 22B or dwindles, and its result also can adjust the spring load of air bellow.
(e) because the spline that the pad 74 of cramping between interior pipe 12 and axletree carriage 15 is provided with adjustment nut 72 usefulness with special-shaped slit 74A, can make adjustment nut 72 splines simply.
(f) owing to installed between below the flange part 71B of adjustable bolt 71 and described pad 74 and can not push the sleeve pipe 73 of adjustable bolt 71, so can prevent from adjustable bolt 71 is pushed from the outside from the outside.
The difference of the variation of Figure 11 and the embodiment of Fig. 5 is O shape ring 75 not to be set on the periphery of lower spring cup 32, and on the cup bottom of lower spring cup 32 through hole 32A to be set.In pipe 12 the inside grease chamber 21 on lower spring cup 32 tops is connected with the chamber, the back side 76 of lower spring cup 32 in being formed on.Thus, can adjust the spring load of axle spring 33 by lifting by the caused lower spring cup 32 of the helical rotation of adjustable bolt 71.
(the 2nd embodiment) (Figure 12～Figure 18)
The substantial difference of the 2nd embodiment and the 1st embodiment is that spring load setting device 70 is changed to spring load setting device 80.
Below, lifting lower spring cup 32 is described and adjusts the spring load setting device 80 of the spring load of axle spring 33.
Spring load setting device 80 as shown in figure 12, by adjustable bolt 81 supporting lower spring cups 32, helical rotation by adjustable bolt 81 makes lower spring cup 32 liftings, adjust the spring load of axle spring 33, this adjustable bolt 81 is set on the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 16 of the axletree carriage 15 of the bottom of pipe 12 in constituting (the oblique top of axletree mounting hole 16) in the face of the outside.Specific as follows described.
(1) with respect to the large diameter hole of step-like behaviour's functional hole 15A, from insert the flange shape operating portion 81A of adjustable bolt 81 in the face of private side one side of interior pipe 12, this step-like behaviour's functional hole 15A (manages in axletree carriage 15 is installed under the state on 12 with respect to following center shaft, identical with the center shaft of axletree mounting hole 16 by interior pipe 12) configuration and wearing of tilting to report to the leadship after accomplishing a task, above-mentioned center shaft is by the axletree mounting hole 16 of the axletree carriage 15 before in the lower ending opening portion of pipe 12 in being fixed on by screw thread.Adjustable bolt 81 as flange surface 81B, and has threaded portion 81C with the inner end surface of operating portion 81A as shown in figure 13, has the instrument card and only use hexagon ring 81D on the outer face of operating portion 81A, embeds O shape ring 81E on the circumferential groove of operating portion 81A.Adjustable bolt 81 together hydraulic seal ground inserts operating portion 81A and O shape ring 81E in the large diameter hole that is connected behaviour's functional hole 15A, be supported at outer face on the step surface of the large diameter hole of behaviour's functional hole 15A of axletree carriage 15 and small diameter bore and under the state of outside anticreep operating portion 81A, the hexagon ring 81D that makes operating portion 81A from the small diameter bore of behaviour's functional hole 15A in the face of outside.
(2) with respect to the threaded portion 81C in the face of interior pipe 12 in-to-in adjustable bolts 81, screw thread is adjustment nut 82 fixedly.Adjustment nut 82 from the upright barrel-contoured special-shaped 82B of portion of the stop surface 82A that stretches out in both sides, has threaded portion 82C as shown in figure 14 on the interior week of the special-shaped 82B of portion, the front end of the special-shaped 82B of portion is the interface 82D that docks with the back side of lower spring cup 32.The 82B of abnormity portion for example has bilateral apart from portion on the cylinder outside.Adjustment nut 82 is fixed on its threaded portion 82C on the threaded portion 81C of adjustable bolt 81 from stop surface 82A side screw thread.Stop surface 82A was docked on spline pad 84 described later following, the upward stroke end of restriction adjustment nut 82.Stop surface 82A and interface 82D are parallel to each other, and report to the leadship after accomplishing a task with respect to the inclined of adjustment nut, and the back side of the following and lower spring cup 32 of spline pad 84 face respectively contacts.
(3) in axletree carriage 15, stepped hole 15B is set, among the edge part 83A embedding stepped hole 15B with slide block 83 under the interior week of disposing spline pad 84 described later.Slide block 83 extends U word tubular guide part 83B from edge part 83A to oblique below as shown in figure 15, utilizes the circular-arc spigot surface of guide part 83B, is clipped in bilateral apart from the outside of the cylinder under being tilted in portion sliding guidance among the special-shaped 82B of portion with adjustment nut 82.In addition, slide block 83 is, contact with stopper section 83C by the flange surface 81B that makes the adjustable bolt 81 that pushes from the outside of behaviour's functional hole 15A, thereby can not make stopper section, the lower end 83C of guide part 83B push the flange surface 81B that in behaviour's functional hole 15A of axletree carriage 15, inserts the operating portion 81A of bonded assembly adjustable bolt 81.
(4) axletree carriage 15 screw threads are fixed in the lower ending opening portion of interior pipe 12.At this moment, spline pad 84 crampings are between interior all step surfaces of the lower surface of interior pipe 12 and axletree carriage 15.Spline pad 84 has spline as shown in figure 16 with special-shaped slit 84A, passes the special-shaped 82B of portion of the adjustment nut 82 of above-mentioned (2) in the 84A of this abnormity slit.Thus, adjustment nut 82 is by utilizing the helical rotation spline of spline pad 84 with respect to adjustable bolt 81, straight-line motion ground lifting in special-shaped slit 84A.
(5) at the interior week insertion lower spring cup 32 of interior pipe 12, the back side of lower spring cup 32 is docked with the interface 82D of the front end of adjustment nut 82.Lower spring cup 32 constitutes the handstand cup-shaped as shown in figure 17, and dock with the interface 82D of adjustment nut 82 at the back side of cup bottom, embeds to be connected with O shape ring 85 in the cup circumferential groove.In together being entrenched in to hydraulic seal with O shape ring 85, lower spring cup 32 on the interior week of pipe 12, makes of back side chamber 86 (adjustable bolt 81 and lower spring cup 32 between take in the space of adjustment nut 82, slide block 83, spline pad 84) the hydraulic seal ground sealing of the grease chamber 21 on lower spring cup 32 tops with respect to lower spring cup 32.After this, the inside with axle spring 33 inserts interior pipe 12 is bearing on the lower spring cup 32 axle spring 33.
Under the state that has assembled water bumper 10, utilize the instrument among the behaviour's functional hole 15A that inserts axletree carriage 15, when the operating portion 81A by adjustable bolt 81 makes adjustable bolt 81 helical rotation, adjustment nut 82 liftings, lower spring cup 32 liftings of docking with this adjustment nut 82.Lower spring cup 32 and the upper spring seat 31 of piston rod 23 sides between adjust the initial stage length of axle spring 33, to adjust the spring load of axle spring 33.
Can realize following effect and effect according to present embodiment.
(a) bottom side at interior pipe 12 rotatably is provided with adjustable bolt 81, compares with the water bumper of slide unit such as the plunger of packing into, and component processing and assembling are oversimplified.
(b) load of axle spring 33 is directly supported by adjustable bolt 81, and the hermetically-sealed construction of power fluid is simplified and effectively, improved functional reliability.
(c) since with adjustable bolt 81 on the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 16 of interior pipe 12, exterior state is arranged at this bottom, so, also can adjust the spring load of axle spring 33 even under the state of water bumper 10 not being pulled down from axletree.
(d) under the state on the inner face of pipe 12 bottoms, by carry out rotating operation from the outside, make adjustment nut 82 straight-line motions of spline in adjustable bolt 81 anticreeps are bearing in, adjustment nut 82 can make lower spring cup 32 liftings of rear support.
(e) by in the inside of interior pipe 12 with chamber, the back side 86 sealings of the work grease chamber 21 on lower spring cup 32 tops with respect to lower spring cup 32, the lifting of the lower spring cup 32 in the inside of interior pipe 12 makes the also lifting of pasta of reservoir compartment 22 by the work grease chamber 21 of interior pipe 12.Therefore, utilize the spring load of the lift adjustment axle spring 33 of lower spring cup 32, and utilize the rising of the pasta of reservoir compartment 22 that energy chamber is enlarged or dwindle, its result also can adjust the spring load of air bellow.
(f) owing on the pad 84 between interior pipe 12 and the axletree carriage 15, be provided with the spline of adjustment nut 82 usefulness with special-shaped slit 84A, so can make adjustment nut 82 splines simply at cramping.
(g) by 84 bottoms of the pad in the bottom of interior pipe 12 slide block 83 is set, by the outside slide-and-guide of this slide block 83, prevent to be subjected to falling down with respect to the report to the leadship after accomplishing a task adjustment nut 82 that is provided with of the inclined of interior pipe 12 jointly along the spring load of the center shaft effect of interior pipe 12 with adjustable bolt 81 with adjustment nut 82.In addition, can prevent from adjustable bolt 81 is pushed from the outside.
The difference of the variation of Figure 18 and the embodiment of Figure 12 is O shape ring 85 not to be set on the periphery of lower spring cup 32, and on the cup bottom of lower spring cup 32 through hole 32A to be set.In pipe 12 the inside grease chamber 21 on lower spring cup 32 tops is connected with the chamber, the back side 86 of lower spring cup 32 in being formed on.Thus, can adjust the spring load of axle spring 33 by lifting by the caused lower spring cup 32 of the helical rotation of adjustable bolt 81.
(the 3rd embodiment) (Figure 19～Figure 25)
The substantial difference of the 3rd embodiment and the 1st embodiment is that spring load setting device 70 is changed to spring load setting device 90.
Below, lifting lower spring cup 32 is described and adjusts the spring load setting device 90 of the spring load of axle spring 33.
Spring load setting device 90 is arranged on this bottom to exterior adjuster 91 will manage the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 16 (the oblique top of axletree mounting hole 16) of axletree carriage 15 of 12 bottoms in constituting above as shown in figure 19.Adjustable bolt 92 supporting lower spring cups 32 in utilization is arranged at and constitutes on the inside bottom surface of the axletree carriage 15 of pipe 12 bottoms, make adjustable bolt 92 helical rotation by the operation that applies to adjuster 91 from the outside, the helical rotation by adjustable bolt 92 makes lower spring cup 32 liftings and adjusts the spring load of axle spring 33.As described below particularly.
(1) (being installed in, axletree carriage 15 manages under the state on 12 at the center shaft of the axletree mounting hole 16 by the axletree carriage 15 before pipe 12 the lower ending opening portion in being fixed on by screw thread, identical with the center shaft of the axletree mounting hole 16 that passes through interior pipe 12) on, insert the S. A. 92A of adjustable bolt 92 among the bearing hole 15A that on the inside bottom surface of axletree carriage 15, wears, manage on the bottom of 12 (axletree carriages 15) in erectly pivot is supported on adjustable bolt 92.Adjustable bolt 92 has the umbrella toothed gear 92B coaxial with S. A. 92A as shown in figure 22 around the top of S. A. 92A, have the threaded portion 92C coaxial with S. A. 92A on the top of S. A. 92A with extending.
(2) be arranged in the support holes 15B on the axletree carriage 15 with respect to the oblique top of the axletree mounting hole 16 of axletree carriage 15 adjuster 91 being passed and is bearing in from the outside to connect shape, make adjuster 91 intersect vertically with described center shaft (identical with the center shaft of adjustable bolt 92), this center shaft is by the axletree mounting hole 16 of the axletree carriage 15 before the lower ending opening portion of pipe 12 in being fixed on by screw thread.Adjuster 91 as shown in figure 20, has the instrument engaging bar-shaped operating portion 91A of hexagonal at one end, on the other end, has miniature gears 91B, on diameter portion 91C broad in the middle, has the endless groove 91D that is used to load O shape ring 93, and, between operating portion 91A and diameter portion 91C broad in the middle, have the middle minor diameter 91E that is used to load stick harness 94.Stick harness 94 as shown in figure 21, constitute the tubular that inserts on the middle minor diameter footpath 91E of portion that is connected adjuster 91, on cardinal extremity flange part 94A, have constitute bilateral apart from portion be screwed into operating portion 94B, and, also have screw thread and be fixed on threaded portion 94C on the threaded portion 15C of support holes 15B.Under the state in the endless groove 91D that O shape ring 93 is seated in adjuster 91, this adjuster 91 hydraulic seals ground is inserted among the support holes 15B of axletree carriage 15, make the end face of diameter portion 91C broad in the middle and the stage portion butt of support holes 15B, filling stick harness 94 on the middle minor diameter 91E of adjuster 91, use is screwed into operating portion 94B threaded portion 94C screw thread is fixed on the threaded portion 15C of axletree carriage 15, and the cardinal extremity flange part 94A of stick harness 94 is contacted with the support holes 15B outer face on every side of axletree carriage 15.Thus, between the stage portion with rotatable end face that operatively is clamped in stick harness 94 of the diameter portion 91C broad in the middle of adjuster 91 and support holes 15B, rotatably mounted adjuster 91 under the state of deviating to the outside in the bottom (axletree carriage 15) that prevents from interior pipe 12, the operating portion 91A that makes adjuster 91 makes the gear 92B engagement of the miniature gears 91B and the adjustable bolt 92 of adjuster 91 in the face of outside.
(3) with respect to the threaded portion 92C that is positioned at pipe 12 in-to-in adjustable bolts 92, screw thread is adjustment nut 95 fixedly.Adjustment nut 95 as shown in figure 23, from around the upright barrel-contoured special-shaped 95B of portion of the block 95A that stretches out, on the interior week of the special-shaped 95B of portion, have threaded portion 95C, the interface 95D that the front end conduct of the special-shaped 95B of portion is docked with the back side of lower spring cup 32.The 95B of abnormity portion for example has bilateral apart from portion on the cylinder outside.Adjustment nut 95 is fixed on its threaded portion 95C on the threaded portion 92C of adjustable bolt 2 from stop surface 95A side screw thread.Stop surface 95A was docked on spline pad 96 described later following, the upward stroke end of restriction adjustment nut 95.Stop surface 95A and interface 95D are parallel to each other and intersect vertically with respect to the center shaft of adjustment nut 95, and the back side of the following and lower spring cup 32 of spline pad 96 face respectively contacts.
(4) axletree carriage 15 screw threads are fixed in the lower ending opening portion of interior pipe 12.At this moment, spline pad 96 crampings are between interior all step surface 15D of the lower surface of interior pipe 12 and axletree carriage 15.Spline pad 96 has spline as shown in figure 24 with special-shaped slit 96A, passes the special-shaped 95B of portion of the adjustment nut 95 of above-mentioned (3) in the 96A of this abnormity slit.Thus, adjustment nut 95 utilizes the helical rotation spline of spline pad 96 with respect to adjustable bolt 92, straight-line motion ground lifting in special-shaped slit 96A.
(5) at the interior week insertion lower spring cup 32 of interior pipe 12, the back side of lower spring cup 32 is docked with the interface 95D of the front end of adjustment nut 95.Lower spring cup 32 constitutes cup-shaped as shown in figure 25, and dock with the interface 95D of adjustment nut 95 the cup bottom, embeds O shape ring 97 in the cup circumferential groove.In lower spring cup 32 together is entrenched in to hydraulic seal with O shape ring 97 on the interior week of pipe 12, make lower spring cup 32 top grease chamber 21 with respect to chamber, the back side 98 (between adjustable bolt 96 and lower spring cup 32, taking in the space of adjustment nut 95, the spline pad 96) hydraulic seal of lower spring cup 32 seal.After this, the inside with axle spring 33 inserts interior pipe 12 is bearing on the lower spring cup 32 axle spring 33.
Under the state that has assembled water bumper 10,, make adjustable bolt 92 helical rotation, then adjustment nut 95 liftings, lower spring cup 32 liftings of docking with this adjustment nut 95 if utilize the operating portion 91A of instrument rotary manipulation adjuster 91.Lower spring cup 32 and the upper spring seat 31 of piston rod 23 sides between adjust the initial stage length of axle spring 33, to adjust the spring load of axle spring 33.
Can realize following effect and effect according to present embodiment.
(a) bottom side at interior pipe 12 is provided with adjuster 91 and adjustable bolt 92, compares with the water bumper of slide unit such as the plunger of packing into, and component processing and assembling are oversimplified.
(b) load of axle spring 33 is directly supported by adjustable bolt 92, and the hermetically-sealed construction of power fluid is simplified and effectively, improved functional reliability.
(c) since with adjuster 91 on the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 16 of interior pipe 12, exterior state is arranged at this bottom, so, also can adjust the spring load of axle spring 33 even under the state of water bumper 10 not being pulled down from axletree.
(d) in erectly pivot is supported on adjustable bolt 92 under the state of pipe 12 bottom, by the operation that applies to adjuster 91 from the outside, make adjustable bolt 92 helical rotation, thus, make by adjustment nut 95 straight-line motions of spline, adjustment nut 95 can make lower spring cup 32 liftings of rear support.
(e) the gear 92B of miniature gears 91B by making adjuster 91 and adjustable bolt 92 engagement can; Utilization makes adjustable bolt 92 helical rotation to the rotary manipulation that the operating portion 91A of adjuster 91 applies.
(f) by in the inside of interior pipe 12 with chamber, the back side 98 sealings of the work grease chamber 21 on lower spring cup 32 tops with respect to lower spring cup 32, the lifting of the lower spring cup 32 in the inside of interior pipe 12 makes the also lifting of pasta of reservoir compartment 22 by the work grease chamber 21 of interior pipe 12.Thereby, utilize the spring load of the lift adjustment axle spring 33 of lower spring cup 32, and, utilize the rising of the pasta of reservoir compartment 22, energy chamber is enlarged or dwindle, its result also can adjust the spring load of air bellow.
(g) because the pad 96 of cramping between interior pipe 12 and axletree carriage 15 is provided with the spline of adjustment nut 95 usefulness with special-shaped slit 96A, so can make adjustment nut 95 splines simply.
As other embodiment of the present invention, O shape ring 97 can be set on the periphery of lower spring cup 32, and on the cup bottom of lower spring cup 32, through hole be set.The grease chamber 21 that becomes in the inside of interior pipe 12 lower spring cup 32 tops is connected with the chamber, the back side 98 of lower spring cup 32.Thus, can utilize the lifting of the formed lower spring cup 32 of helical rotation of the adjustable bolt 92 that the rotary manipulation portion by adjuster 91 causes, adjust the spring load of axle spring 33.
(the 4th embodiment) (Figure 26～Figure 32)
The substantial difference of the 4th embodiment and the 1st embodiment is, attenuation power generating means 40 is changed to attenuation power generating means 140, and spring load setting device 70 is changed to spring load setting device 200.
Front fork (water bumper) 110 is the handstand type front fork that outer tube 111 is arranged on the car body side and interior pipe 112 is arranged on wheel side, as Figure 26～shown in Figure 28, pilot bushing 111A on the interior week of the lower ending opening portion by being fixed on outer tube 111 and be fixed in pilot bushing 112A on the periphery of upper end open portion of pipe 112, the inside that interior pipe 112 is inserted outer tube 111 slidably.111B is an oil sealing, and 111C is for being covered with dust.Hydraulic seal ground screw thread is fixed with cover 113 in the upper end open portion of outer tube 111, is provided with car body side installing component 114A, 114B on the periphery of outer tube 111.Insertion of hydraulic seal ground and screw thread are fixed with axletree carriage 115 in the lower ending opening portion of interior pipe 112, and the bottom with pipe 112 in constituting is provided with axletree mounting hole 116 on axletree carriage 115.
The ring-type grease chamber 117 that front fork 110 marks off the periphery of interior week, the interior pipe 112 of outer tube 111, divided by described 2 pilot bushing 111A, 112A.
Front fork 110 in the upper end side of interior pipe 112 on week by hydraulic seals such as O shape ring distance member 119 is set, mark off work grease chamber 121 in the bottom by the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119, and mark off reservoir compartment 122 on top.In reservoir compartment 122, its underside area is that the 122A of grease chamber, upper-side area are energy chamber 122B.
Front fork 110 is that the piston rod 123 that is installed on the outer tube 111 can be inserted among the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119 with being free to slide.Be specially, be fixed at screw thread on the mounting sleeve 124 on the bottom of cover 113 central part, screw thread is being fixed hollow piston rod 123, and it is fixed by jam nut 124A.
Front fork 110 is, on screw thread is fixed on piston bolt 125 on the leading section of managing the piston rod 123 112 in the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119 inserts, fixing the piston 126 with interior all moving contacts of interior pipe 112, the 121B of piston side grease chamber that described grease chamber 121 is divided into the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber that takes in piston rod 123 and does not take in piston rod 123.Piston 126 is fixing by nut 127.
Front fork 110 often is communicated with described ring-type grease chamber 117 with the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber by the oilhole 128 on the pipe 112 in being arranged on.
Front fork 110 is, the butt joint upper spring seat 131 on the lower surface of the 121B of piston side grease chamber of facing at piston 126, bottom at the interior pipe 112 that forms axletree carriage 115 is provided with lower spring cup 132, and axle spring 133 is installed between upper spring seat 131 and lower spring cup 132.It is suffered when front fork 110 utilizes the stretching vibration of axle spring 133 to be absorbed in travelled by vehicle from the ground-surface impulsive force.At this moment, spring load setting device 200 described later can lifting lower spring cup 132, adjusts the spring load of axle spring 133.
Front fork 110 has attenuation power generating means 140 (Figure 28) on piston 126.
Attenuation power generating means 140 has compressed side stream 141 and elongate sides stream 142 (not shown).Compressed side stream 141 utilizes the compressed side moushroom valve 141A (compressed side decay valve) that is supported on the valve killer 141B to carry out switch.Elongate sides stream 142 utilizes the elongate sides moushroom valve 142A (elongate sides decay valve) that is supported on the valve killer 142B to carry out switch.In addition, valve killer 141B, valve 141A, piston 126, valve 142A, valve killer 142B constitute the valve assembly that is inserted in the piston bolt 125, are clamped and fixed in screw thread and are fixed in the nut 127 on the piston bolt 125.
Attenuation power generating means 140 is provided with the damping force adjusting apparatus 140A that is described in detail later on the central part of cover 113, the needle-valve 185 of damping force adjusting apparatus 140A inserts the hollow bulb of piston rods 123, utilizes the up-and-down movement adjustment of needle-valve 185 to be arranged at the aperture of the by pass line 145 on the piston rod 123.By pass line 145 is with piston 126 bypass and connect the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber and the 121B of piston side grease chamber.
Attenuation power generating means 140 is in the compressed side stroke, in low-speed region, by adjust the passage resistance generation compressed side attenuation power of the by pass line 145 of aperture by needle-valve 185, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation compressed side attenuation power of compressed side moushroom valve 141A.In addition, in the elongate sides stroke, in low-speed region, by adjust the passage resistance generation elongate sides attenuation power of the by pass line 145 of aperture by needle-valve 185, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation elongate sides attenuation power of elongate sides moushroom valve 142A.Utilize this compressed side attenuation power and elongate sides attenuation power, with the stretching vibration vibration damping of described axle spring 133.
Front fork 110 on cover 113 lower surface, be fixedly connected with under compression stroke state be arranged in the upper end of distance member 119 on the pipe 112 the stop rubber 113A, the check plate 13B that dock, limit the stroke that compresses most by this stop rubber 113A.
Front fork 110 will knock-on spring 153 be installed in be anchored in pipe 112 upper end side distance member 119 end spring perch 152 on the locating ring 152A that is provided with on the piston rod 123 in the face of the spring perch 151 on the lower surface of the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber and card.When front fork 110 extends most, distance member 119 and spring perch 152 between to spring 153 pressurization of will knock-oning, restriction is the stroke of elongation.
And, in front fork 110, the cross-sectional area S1 of the described ring-type grease chamber 117 that constitutes by the annular gap of outer tube 111 and interior pipe 112 be formed cross-sectional area (surrounding the area of external diameter) S2 than piston rod 123 (S1〉S2, but but also S1 ≧ S2).
In addition, in the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119, be provided with boiler check valve 160, this boiler check valve 160 allows from the reservoir compartment 122 to the flowing of the oil of the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber in the compressed side stroke, stop the flowing to the oil of reservoir compartment 122 from the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber in the elongate sides stroke.On the interior week of the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119, be provided with valve chamber 161, between the support spring 162 on the described spring perch 151 that is provided with on the stage portion 161A of valve chamber 161 upper end side and valve chamber 161 lower end side, taken in boiler check valve 160.The size of boiler check valve 160 is shorter with the interval of spring perch 151 than stage portion 161A, forms translot on the lower surface.Boiler check valve 160 is configured to, can being shifted up and down in interior week of the valve chamber 161 that is provided with on the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119.Between the interior week of the valve chamber 161 that the bar guide part 19A of the periphery of boiler check valve 160 and distance member 119 go up to be provided with, form stream, this stream allows from the reservoir compartment 122 flowing to the oil of the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber.Boiler check valve 160 has lining 163, and lining 163 week in it that can support piston rod 123 is pressed into with being free to slide.In the compressed side stroke, boiler check valve 160 moves downwards linkedly with the piston rod 123 that enters in the interior pipe 112, dock with spring perch 151, and and form the gap between the stage portion 161A, the oil that can make reservoir compartment 122 from translot via its periphery and by and stage portion 161A between the gap flow into to the 21A of piston rod side grease chamber.In the elongate sides stroke, boiler check valve 160 is moved upward linkedly with the piston rod 123 that withdraws from from interior pipe 112, dock and close with stage portion 161A and this stage portion 161A between the gap, stop the oil of the piston rod side 121A of grease chamber to be discharged to reservoir compartment 122 by the path opposite with above-mentioned compressed side stroke.
In addition, because the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119 is the unsealing oil sealing around piston rod 123, so, utilization is pressed into lining 163 formed minim gap (or the minim gap that forms between boiler check valve 160 and the stage portion 161A) around piston rod 123 in week in the boiler check valve 160, constitutes the small stream (aperture) 164 (not shown) that is communicated with piston rod side 121A of grease chamber and reservoir compartment 122.Small stream 164 also can be arranged in the bar guide part 119A of distance member 119, is communicated with piston rod side 121A of grease chamber and reservoir compartment 122.
The action of front fork 110 is as described below.
(compressed side stroke)
In the compressed side stroke, the 121A of grease chamber in the power fluid of the inlet volume amount of the piston rod 123 in entering in the pipe 112 week in interior pipe 112 is transferred to the ring-type grease chamber 117 by the oilhole 128 of interior pipe 112.At this moment, because the volume recruitment Δ S1 (increment) of ring-type grease chamber 117 is bigger than the volume recruitment Δ S2 of piston rod 123, thus (Δ S1-Δ S2) in the necessary increment of the oil of ring-type grease chamber 117 in shortage from the reservoir compartment 122 by boiler check valve 160 supplies.
In this compressed side stroke, as previously mentioned, in low-speed region, produce the compressed side attenuation power, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation compressed side attenuation power of compressed side moushroom valve 141A by the passage resistance of adjusting the by pass line 145 of aperture by needle-valve 185.
(elongate sides stroke)
In the elongate sides stroke, the power fluid that withdraws from volumetric quantity of the piston rod 123 that withdraws from from interior pipe 112 is in the oilhole 128 of ring-type grease chamber 117 by interior pipe 112 is transferred in the pipe 112 121A of grease chamber in week.At this moment, because the volume reducing amount Δ S1 (discharge rate) of ring-type grease chamber 117 is bigger than the volume reducing amount Δ S2 of piston rod 123, so the surplus of (Δ S1-Δ S2) from the discharge rate of the oil of ring-type grease chamber 117 is discharged to reservoir compartment 122 by small stream 164.
In this elongate sides stroke, as previously mentioned, in low-speed region, produce the elongate sides attenuation power, in the high speed zone, by the flexure deformation generation elongate sides attenuation power of elongate sides moushroom valve 142A by the passage resistance of adjusting the by pass line 145 of aperture by needle-valve 185.In addition, because the passage resistance of above-mentioned small stream 164 also produces the elongate sides attenuation power.
Below damping force adjusting apparatus 140A is described.
Attenuation power setting device 140A as shown in figure 28, be provided with the noncircular cross section that on hand of rotation and direction of principal axis, moves freely, be unique push rod 170 of D tee section in the present embodiment at the hollow bulb of piston rod 123, on the extending direction of the top of front fork 110 and push rod 170, be provided with coaxially and make push rod 1170 in the 1st adjustment part 180 of moving on the direction of principal axis and the 2nd adjustment part 190 that push rod 170 is moved on direction of principal axis.And, decay setting device 140A makes the needle-valve 185 on the noncircular cross section that snaps in push rod 170 combine with the hollow bulb screw thread of piston rod 123 with being free to slide, utilize the rotation of the 1st adjustment part 180 to make needle-valve 185 helical rotation, utilize this needle-valve 185 to adjust the aperture of by pass line 145, and then can utilize the passage resistance of by pass line 145 to adjust attenuation power.In addition, damping force adjusting apparatus 140A utilizes the spring 195 dock with push rod 170 on direction of principal axis, to the direction of closes compression side panel valve 141A to this compressed side moushroom valve 141A application of force, can be by the flexure deformation adjustment compressed side attenuation power of compressed side moushroom valve 141A.Below, illustrate that the attenuation power adjustment of the structure of the 1st adjustment part 180 and the 2nd adjustment part 190, the attenuation power adjustment structure that uses needle-valve 185, use spring 195 is constructed.
(structure of the 1st adjustment part 180 and the 2nd adjustment part 190) (Figure 28)
The cover 113 that constitutes the cover assembly is fixed in the upper end open portion of outer tube 111 by O shape ring 113C hydraulic seal ground screw thread.Lower ending opening side screw thread at cover 113 is fixed with mounting sleeve 124, and the upper end of piston rod 123 and this mounting sleeve 124 screw threads are fixed and fixed by jam nut 124A.
Insert from the lower ending opening side hydraulic seal ground that covers 113 centre hole by O shape ring 181A the 1st adjustment part 180, on direction of principal axis, engage also anticreep upward with the intermediate step portion of cover 113, and, dock also anticreep downwards with flat shim 182 at direction of principal axis, its result, use the operating surface 180A of upper end periphery, can be arranged on the cover 113 with rotating freely, this flat shim 182 is positioned on the upper surface of the mounting sleeve of fixing with the lower ending opening portion side screw thread that covers 113 124.The lower surface of docking with the flat shim 182 of the 1st adjustment part 180 has translot, and two lateral processes of snap-latch piece 183 roughly seamlessly engage with this translot on hand of rotation.The periphery of the noncircular cross section of push rod 170 (D tee section) is passed in the non-circular hole (D shape hole) that is provided with in the heart in snap-latch piece 183, roughly engaging seamlessly on hand of rotation, and can on direction of principal axis, be free to slide.Thus, the 1st adjustment part 180 can make push rod 170 move on hand of rotation.
Insert by the lower ending opening side hydraulic seal ground of O shape ring 191 from the centre hole of the 1st adjustment part 180 the 2nd adjustment part 190, engage also anticreep upward on direction of principal axis with the intermediate step portion of the 1st adjustment part 180.Seamlessly dock on direction of principal axis with the upper surface of push rod 170 lower surface of the 2nd adjustment part 190, and this push rod 170 passes the non-circular hole of the snap-latch piece 183 that engages with the 1st adjustment part 180 sides.In addition, push rod 170 utilizes the elastic force of spring 195 described later by the application of force that makes progress, and often dock with the lower surface of the 2nd adjustment part 190 its upper surface.The operating groove 190A that the upper surface is used in the 2nd adjustment part 190 can make push rod 170 move on direction of principal axis with respect to the 1st adjustment part 180 helical rotation.
The attenuation power adjustment of needle-valve 185 (use structure) (Figure 28)
In the bottom of the hollow bulb of interior pedestal 184 insertion piston rods 123, the internal diameter stage portion of the lower surface of piston rod 123 and piston bolt 125 is fixed the lower end flange cramping of interior pedestal 184.Interior pedestal 184 also can be pressed into the hollow bulb of piston rod 123.Like this, needle-valve 185 by hydraulic seal be inserted on piston rod 123 in the interior week of fixing interior pedestal 184, the threaded portion of needle-valve 185 pars intermedias and interior all screw threads of piston bolt 125 are fixed.The noncircular cross section of needle-valve 185 upper ends, constitute the D tee section in the present embodiment noncircular cross section portion with can be at the state that seamlessly slides and on hand of rotation, engage automatically on the direction of principal axis, snap onto in the noncircular cross section of bottom of push rod 170 of the hollow bulb that inserts piston rod 123.
If the 1st adjustment part 180 as previously mentioned, push rod 170 is moved at hand of rotation, then the needle-valve 185 that engages on hand of rotation with push rod 170 is with respect to piston bolt 125 helical rotation, valve seat advance and retreat with respect to the upper end, vertical hole of the by pass line 145 of setting on piston bolt 125, adjust the aperture of by pass line 145, and then can adjust the attenuation power of compressed side and elongate sides by the passage resistance of by pass line 145.
In addition, when making needle-valve 185 helical rotation in the 1st adjustment part 180 by push rod 170, needle-valve 185 is empty moving with respect to the centre hole of the pushing piece 192 of spring 195 usefulness described later, does not influence spring 195.
The attenuation power adjustment of spring 195 (use structure) (Figure 28)
Diametric both sides in piston rod 123 lower end side, be provided with the slotted hole shape pilot hole 123A that extends at direction of principal axis, two lateral processes of pushing piece 192 roughly do not have the gap and can snap among these pilot holes 123A on direction of principal axis slidably, the lower surface of push rod 170 of inserting the hollow bulb of piston rod 123 directly be docked at pushing piece 192 above, the noncircular cross section portion direction of principal axis that snaps in the needle-valve 185 in the bottom of push rod 170 as previously mentioned moves about in the circular port that the center that is inserted in pushing piece 192 is provided with can move freely.
In the bottom of piston rod 123 (piston bolt 125) on every side, be provided with spring perch 193 that docks with the two ends projection of pushing piece 192 from the below and the valve gap 194 that docks with (back side) above the compressed side moushroom valve 141A, between spring perch 193 and valve gap 194, valve gap spring 195 be installed.Spring perch 193 constitutes cup-shaped, docks with two lateral processes of pushing piece 192 in interior all lower ends of cup, is equipped with spring 195 at the peripheral outer lips seat of honour, the upper end of cup.Valve gap 194 is docked at the suitable locational circular pushing 194A of portion of external diameter, the sliding part 194B on the upper end periphery that is guided on piston bolt 125 of being slided above the compressed side moushroom valve 141A with having full Zhou Lianxu (but also compartment of terrain), with the oil circuit 194C that the 121A of piston rod side grease chamber is connected with compressed side stream 141, elongate sides stream 142, by pass line 145, be equipped with spring 195 at the periphery stage portion seat of honour.
If the 2nd adjustment part 190 is as previously mentioned, push rod 170 is moved on direction of principal axis, then the pushing piece 192 that docks with the lower surface of push rod 170 moves spring perch 193 up and down, makes valve gap spring 195 flexible, adjusts the setting load of spring 195.Thus, the setting load of spring 195 by valve gap 194 to closing direction to the compressed side moushroom valve 141A application of force, can utilize the flexure deformation of compressed side moushroom valve 141A to adjust the compressed side attenuation power.Valve gap 194 is replaceable to be the different valve gap of diameter of the 194A of pushing portion, has the outer circumferential side of the valve gap 194 pushing compressed side moushroom valve 141A of the large diameter pushing 194A of portion, increases the attenuation power from the low-speed region of piston velocity.Interior all sides with the 194A of pushing portion pushing compressed side moushroom valve 141A of minor diameter, piston velocity in～increase attenuation power in the high-speed region.
In addition, when moving push-pads 192 in the 2nd adjustment part 190 by push rod 170, push rod 170 and pushing piece 192 are overhead moving at direction of principal axis with respect to needle-valve 185, do not influence needle-valve 185.
In front fork 110,, can realize following effect and effect owing to have decay setting device 140A.
(a) the 1st adjustment part 180 and the 2nd adjustment part 190 are arranged on the top of front fork 110 and coaxially on the extending direction of push rod 170, make the 1st adjustment part 180 and push rod 170 easily combine on the hand of rotation, the 2nd adjustment part 190 combines on direction of principal axis easily with push rod 170, can constitute simple in structure and reduced number of components, be difficult for the front fork 110 that causes that action is bad.
(b) because the 1st adjustment part 180 and the 2nd adjustment part 190 are arranged at the top of front fork 110 coaxially, so can be applicable to the front fork 110 that to adjust from the upper surface of outer tube 111.In addition because the 1st adjustment part 180 and the 2nd adjustment part 190 be less than the directivity on outer tube 111 all directions, so to the Zhou Fangxiang rigging position of car body side installing component 114A, 114B for arbitrarily, assembling is good.
(c) push rod 170 is the hollow part of 1 noncircular cross section, can snap in needle-valve 185 in the noncircular cross section of push rod 170 with being free to slide.By needle-valve 185 being accommodated in the internal diameter of push rod 170,, good for the applicability of the thin front fork 110 of piston rod 123 in the space that the peripheral of push rod 170 does not need to dispose needle-valve 185.
(d) the 1st adjustment part 180 can be arranged in the cover 113 on front fork 110 tops with rotating freely, snap-latch piece 183 is engaging with groove on the end face that is arranged at the 1st adjustment part 180 on the hand of rotation, the periphery of the noncircular cross section of push rod 170 is engaging with the non-circular hole that is provided with on snap-latch piece 183 on the hand of rotation, and can slide on direction of principal axis.In addition, the 2nd adjustment part 190 screw threads are fixed in the centre hole of the 1st adjustment part 180, and the end face of the 2nd adjustment part 190 can be on direction of principal axis docks with the end face of the push rod 170 of the non-circular hole that passes above-mentioned snap-latch piece 183.Therefore, on the top of front fork 110, the 1st adjustment part 180 and the coaxial compactly setting in the 2nd adjustment part 190, and the rotational force of the 1st adjustment part 180 can directly transmit the direction of principal axis power of the 2nd adjustment part 190 easily to push rod 170 transmission to push rod 170.
Below, lifting lower spring cup 132 is described and adjusts the spring load setting device 200 of the spring load of axle spring 133.
Spring load setting device 200 as shown in figure 27, adjustable bolt 201 is arranged on interior pipe 112 bottoms, this adjustable bolt 201 is managed in constituting above the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 116 (side of axletree mounting hole 116) of axletree carriage 115 of 112 bottoms to the outside, and be provided with the following plunger 202 of supporting lower spring cup 132, among the pipeline 203A of the bending pipeline organizator 203 that between adjustable bolt 201 and plunger 202, extends, load a plurality of ball 204A continuously, 204B, 204N, the end face of adjustable bolt 201 contacts with the ball 204A of the ball group's 204 who forms continuous shape a end, the end face of plunger 202 contacts with the ball 204N of this ball group 204 the other end, utilize the helical rotation of adjustable bolt 201, lifting lower spring cup 132 is to adjust the spring load of axle spring 133.As described below particularly.
(1) (in being installed in, axletree carriage 15 manages under the state on 112 with respect to following center shaft, identical with the center shaft of axletree mounting hole 116 by interior pipe 112) square crossing ground is provided with among the mounting hole 115A of (also can be arranged in a crossed manner), can insert the front end piston portion 201A of adjustable bolt shown in Figure 31 201 with being free to slide, and, fix with the 201B of the intermediate thread portion screw thread of adjustable bolt 201, this center shaft is by the axletree mounting hole 116 of the axletree carriage 115 before in the lower ending opening portion of pipe 112 in being fixed on by screw thread.With the peristome of the right mounting hole 115A of the lateral surface of axletree carriage 115 in screw thread fixing as shown in figure 30 stick harness 205, the operating axis 201C of adjustable bolt 201 by O shape ring 205A in the centre pilot hole of stick harness 205 by the guiding of hydraulic seal ground.Adjustable bolt 201 is used in operating groove 201D that the end face of operating axis 201C is provided with and by helical rotation, described piston portion 201A is advanced and retreat on the direction of principal axis of mounting hole 115A.
(2) bending pipeline organizator 203 as shown in figure 29, the end straight sections of pipeline 203A and other end straight sections square crossing (also tiltable intersects), their pars intermedia is an arc-shaped bend portion, and plectane 203B is installed in welding around the other end straight sections.The end straight sections of pipeline 203A is inserted the peristome of mounting hole 115A from the inboard of axletree carriage 115, the other end straight sections of pipeline 203A goes up upright at the center shaft of the axletree mounting hole 116 by axletree carriage 115 (under the state in axletree carriage 115 is installed on the pipe 112, identical with the center shaft of axletree mounting hole 116 by interior pipe 112).At this moment, plectane 203B being installed embeds on the stage portion 115B all in the axletree carriage 115.
(3) in the pipeline 203A of pipeline organizator 203, load a plurality of ball 204A, 204B from the peristome of other end straight sections ... 204N can insert plunger 202 with being free to slide again.Become in being clipped in adjustable bolt 201 and plunger 202, filling ball group 204 formation among mounting hole 115A and the pipeline 103A.
(4) axletree carriage 115 is fixed with the lower ending opening portion screw thread of interior pipe 112.At this moment, the installation plectane 203B cramping of pipeline organizator 203 is between the stage portion 115B of the lower surface of interior pipe 112 and axletree carriage 115.
(5) in the interior week of pipe 112, the central part at the back side of lower spring cup 132 is docked with the interface of plunger 202 front ends in lower spring cup 132 inserts.Lower spring cup 132 constitutes the cap shape shown in figure 32, and the inner face of cap shape docks with the interface of plunger 202, and axle spring 133 is bearing in the peripheral outer lips portion of cap shape.Lower spring cup 132 and interior week of interior pipe 112 between between be separated with annular gap, in the inside of interior pipe, the grease chamber 121 on lower spring cup 132 tops is communicated with chamber, the back side 121C of lower spring cup 132.After this, with the inside that axle spring 133 inserts interior pipe 112, axle spring 133 is supported on the lower spring cup 132.
Under the state that has assembled front fork 110, during helical rotation adjustable bolt 201, make plunger 202 liftings, lower spring cup 132 liftings of docking with this plunger 202 by ball group 204.Lower spring cup 132 and the upper spring seat 131 of piston rod 123 sides between adjust the initial stage length of suspension 133, to adjust the spring load of axle spring 33.
In front fork 110,, can realize following effect and effect owing to have spring load setting device 200.
(a) will on the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 116 of the bottom of interior pipe 112, be arranged on this bottom to exterior adjustable bolt 201, and be provided with the plunger 202 below the supporting lower spring cup 132, among the bending pipeline 203A that between adjustable bolt 201 and plunger 202, extends, load a plurality of ball 204A continuously, 204B, 204N, the end face of adjustable bolt 201 contacts with the ball 204A of the end of the ball group 204A that forms continuous shape, the end face of plunger 202 contacts with the ball 204N of the other end of this ball group 204A, utilize the helical rotation lifting lower spring cup 32 of adjustable bolt 201, to adjust the spring load of axle spring 33.The operating effort that is applied on the lower spring cup 201 passes through the interior a plurality of ball 204A of bending pipeline 203A, 204B, 204N is to plunger 202, lower spring cup 32 transmits, adjustable bolt 201 quilts are away from plunger 202 ground settings, or the center shaft of the center shaft of adjustable bolt 201 and plunger 202 is when (for example 90 degree more than) is arranged in a crossed manner significantly, the operating effort that is applied on the adjustable bolt 101 also can be sequentially to a plurality of ball 204A, 204B, 204N transmits, or the direction of this operating effort is at a plurality of ball 204A, 204B, conversion ground transmission gradually between the 204N, its result can be swimmingly to plunger 202, lower spring cup 32 transmits this operating effort.
(b) do not use the pressurized compartment of pump plug and power fluid, the load of axle spring 133 by plunger 202 and a plurality of ball 204A, 204B ... 204N and adjustable bolt 201 directly support, thereby the hermetically-sealed construction of power fluid is simplified and is effective, improve component processing and assembling, also improved functional reliability.
(c) be arranged at this bottom owing to will adjust spiral shell device 201, make on the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 116 of interior pipe 112 to the outside, so, also can adjust the spring load of axle spring 133 even under the state of front fork 110 not being pulled down from axletree.
Among the mounting hole 115A of the adjustable bolt 201 that the bottom of pipe 112 was provided with in (d) end of pipeline 203A was inserted in, the other end of this pipeline 203A is upright in the central part of interior pipe 112, and plunger 202 inserts in the other end of this pipeline 203A with being free to slide.Therefore, can with adjustable bolt 201 and a plurality of ball 204A, 204B ... the bottom of pipe 112 in 204N and plunger 202 are assemblied in compactly.
(e) by in the inside of interior pipe 112, the work grease chamber 121 on lower spring cup 132 tops is communicated with chamber, the back side 121C of lower spring cup 132, can pass through the lifting of lower spring cup 132, the spring load of adjustment axle spring 133.
(f) by damping force adjusting apparatus 140A being arranged at the top of outer tube 111, assembling, the operability of damping force adjusting apparatus 140A and spring load device 200 can be improved in the bottom of pipe 112 in the adjustable bolt 201 of spring load adjustment usefulness is arranged at.
In addition, in front fork 110, also can be by on the circumferential groove of lower spring cup 132, embedding O shape ring etc., in the inside of interior pipe 112, with lower spring cup 132 hydraulic seals be fitted in pipe interior week of 112, with chamber, the back side 121C hydraulic seal ground sealing of the grease chamber 121 on lower spring cup 132 tops with respect to lower spring cup 132.Thus, the lifting of the lower spring cup 132 in interior pipe 112 inside makes the also lifting of pasta of reservoir compartment 122 by the work grease chamber 121 of interior pipe 112.Therefore, utilize the spring load of the lift adjustment axle spring 133 of lower spring cup 132, and utilize the rising of the pasta of reservoir compartment 122, energy chamber 122B is enlarged or dwindle, its result also can adjust the spring load of air bellow.
(the 5th embodiment) (Figure 33～Figure 40)
The substantial difference of the 5th embodiment and the 4th embodiment is that spring load setting device 200 is changed to spring load setting device 300.
Below, lifting lower spring cup 132 is described and adjusts the spring load setting device 300 of the spring load of axle spring 133.
Spring load setting device 300 as shown in figure 35, in adjustable bolt 301 is arranged on pipe 112 the bottom, this adjustable bolt 301 is managed in constituting above the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 116 (by the side of axletree mounting hole 116) of axletree carriage 115 of 112 bottom to the outside.Be arranged at that straight line moves on the direction (direction of principal axis of adjustable bolt 301) that the slide block 302 on the inside bottom (in the face of the face of the bottom of lower spring cup 132) of axletree carriage 115 can intersect at the center shaft with interior pipe 112 by the rotational force of adjustable bolt 301.The lower bevel A1 mounting of lower spring cup 132 is utilized the rotation and lifting lower spring cup 132 of adjustable bolt 301 on the upper inclined surface A2 of slide block 302, to adjust the spring load of axle spring 133.As described below particularly.
(1) (in being installed in, axletree carriage 115 manages under the state on 112 with respect to following center shaft, identical with the center shaft of axletree mounting hole 116 by interior pipe 112) among mounting hole 115A, the 115B of square crossing setting (also can be arranged in a crossed manner), can insert the front end axial region 301A and the cardinal extremity protrusion 301B of adjustable bolt 301, this center shaft is by the axletree mounting hole 116 of the axletree carriage 115 before in the lower ending opening portion of pipe 112 in being fixed on by screw thread with being free to slide.Mounting hole 115A is a blind hole, and mounting hole 115B is a through hole, cardinal extremity protrusion 301B and O shape being encircled on the peristome of the mounting hole 115B of pivotal joint together, is connected with stopper ring 303, makes adjustable bolt 301 anticreeps.
(2), insert setting up piece 304, slide block 302, nut 305 at the pars intermedia of adjustable bolt 301 at adjustable bolt 301 when pivotal joint is on axletree carriage 115 shown in above-mentioned (1).That is the step surface butt of the protrusion 301B of the cardinal extremity of pad 304 and formation adjustable bolt 301.Pad 304 constitutes the quadrangle shape, and its bottom contacts with spline with the sliding surface 306 of the inside bottom of axletree carriage 115.Slide block 302 inserts the fixedly front of adjustable bolt 301, and the nut 305 that is arranged at by way of parenthesis on the slide block 302 is fixed with its threaded portion screw thread.Nut 305 has nut portions 305A as shown in figure 36, and has and nut portions 305A bonded assembly quadrangular plate 305B, and the bottom of plate 305B contacts with spline with the sliding surface 306 of axletree carriage 115.Slide block 302 constitutes quadrangle as shown in figure 37, have to be used to insert the fixedly hole of adjustable bolt 301, and it following contacts with spline with the sliding surface 306 of axletree carriage 115, and the top is upper inclined surface A2.
(3) lower spring cup 132 inserts in the axletree carriage 115.Lower spring cup 132 as shown in figure 38, lower end teat 132B is outstanding from the bottom that the 132A of round-ended cylinder portion is arranged, and sees that from the side the end face of lower end teat 132B is lower bevel A1, the other end is lower vertical face B, and lower bevel A1 and lower vertical face B intersect acute angle-shapedly.Lower spring cup 132 is from the front, on the central portion of lower end teat 132B, have from lower bevel A1 to lower vertical face B, at the spline groove 132C of the U word shape of the lower opening of lower end teat 132B.The lower spring cup 132 that inserts axletree carriage 115 as shown in figure 33, lower end teat 132B is clamped between slide block 302 and the pad 304, lower bevel A1 mounting is on the upper inclined surface A2 of slide block 302, and lower vertical face B contacts with the end face of pad 304.At this moment, the spline groove 132C of lower spring cup 132 is owing to the pars intermedia of clamping adjustable bolt 301, thus the center shaft spline of the relative axletree carriage 115 of quilt.
In addition, when lower spring cup 132 inserts in the axletree carriages 115, on the stage portion 115C of the inside bottom of axletree carriage 115, be filled with and manage the pad 307 that 112 leading section is used in supporting.Pad 307 embeds around the lower end teat 132B of lower spring cup 132, and card ends on the bulge 132D that is provided with on the front end both sides of lower end teat 132B, in case anti-avulsion falls.
(4) axletree carriage 115 is fixed by bottom and screw thread that O shape ring 308 inserts interior pipe 112.In pipe 112 roughly seamlessly be inserted in the annular gap between the cylindrical portion 132A of interior week of axletree carriage 115 and lower spring cup 132.At this moment, the upper surface of the cylindrical portion 132A of the lower spring cup 132 of described (3) as shown in figure 34, from the outstanding H in the upper surface of axletree carriage 115, at first the upper end of cylindrical portion 132A was inserted in the interior week of interior pipe 112, after this, the bottom of interior pipe 112 is imported in the annular gap between interior week of cylinder 132A and axletree carriage 115, therefore in the assembleability of pipe 112 and axletree carriage 115 good.When this was assembled, even axletree carriage 115 is reversed up and down, pad 307 also can be because of the existence of the O shape in the endless groove that is seated in axletree carriage 115 ring 308, was limited and did not come off.
(5) in the upper end open portion of the pogo barrel 309 of cup-shaped by the cylindrical portion 132A of O shape ring 309A hydraulic seal ground embedding lower spring cup 132, the flange mounting of pogo barrel 309 is on the upper surface of cylindrical portion 132A.Lower spring cup 132 remains the cavity in the incorporate inner space of sealing mutually with pogo barrel 309, and the oil mass in reduction will be injected in the grease chamber 121 of pipe 112 makes its lightweight.After this, with the inside that axle spring 133 inserts interior pipe 112, axle spring 133 is supported on the lower spring cup 132 by the flange of pogo barrel 309.
Under the state that has assembled front fork 110, if helical rotation adjustable bolt 301 then by the lower bevel A1 of lower spring cup 132 and the upper inclined surface A2 of slide block 302, makes interior all moving contact ground liftings of lower spring cup 132 and interior pipe 112.Lower spring cup 132 and the upper spring seat 131 of piston rod 123 sides between, adjust the initial stage length of axle spring 133, to adjust the spring load of axle spring 133.
Spring load setting device 300 as shown in figure 38, on the periphery of the cylindrical portion 132A of the lower spring cup 132 that contacts with moving about in interior week of interior pipe 112, has the pod 132E that on the total length of cylindrical portion 132A, continues, grease chamber 121 with lower spring cup 132 tops is communicated with chamber, the back side 121C of lower spring cup 132 thus, be accompanied by the lifting of lower spring cup 132, can give row to chamber, back side 121C the oil of grease chamber 121.
In addition, in spring load setting device 300, by threaded portion 302A (nut portions) directly is set as shown in figure 40, or the chimeric slide block 302 that is fixed to of nut is first-class, do not need the nut 305 that separates with slide block 302 on slide block 302, can reduce number of components.
Can realize following effect and effect according to the present invention.
(a) utilize the rotational force of adjustable bolt 301 and the parallel motion of the slide block 302 that straight line moves, the lower bevel A1 by lower spring cup 32 contacts with the upper inclined surface A2's of slide block 302, is transformed to the lifting moving of lower spring cup 32.
(b) since with adjustable bolt 301 on the position of leaving axletree mounting hole 116 of interior pipe 112, exterior state is arranged on this bottom, even so under the state of front fork 110 not being pulled down from axletree, also can adjust the spring load of axle spring 133.
(c) do not use the pressurized compartment of pump plug and power fluid, the load of axle spring 133 is directly supported by slide block 302 and adjustable bolt 301, and the hermetically-sealed construction of power fluid is simplified and effectively, simplified component processing and assembling, has also improved functional reliability.
(d) the upper inclined surface A2 of the lower bevel A1 of lower spring cup 132 and slide block 302 is the inclined-plane of same slope, by making both comprehensive butts, can guarantee sufficient setting of spring amplitude and durability.
(e) the lower end teat 132B (lower vertical face B and lower bevel A1) of lower spring cup 132 is clamped in the end face that is arranged at adjustable bolt 301 1 pad 304 on distolateral and being arranged between the upper inclined surface A2 of another slide block 302 on distolateral of adjustable bolt 301, thus, can constitute the mechanism that utilizes adjustable bolt 301 and slide block 302 to make lower spring cup 132 liftings simply.
(f) in the inside of interior pipe 112, the work grease chamber 121 on lower spring cup 132 tops is connected with chamber, the back side 121C of lower spring cup 132, thus, can utilize the lifting of lower spring cup 132, adjust the spring load of axle spring 133.
In addition, in front fork 110, also can be by on the circumferential groove of lower spring cup 132, embedding O shape ring etc., inside at interior pipe 112, lower spring cup 132 is chimeric with interior all hydraulic seal ground of interior pipe 112, make of the back side chamber 121C hydraulic seal ground sealing of the grease chamber 121 on lower spring cup 132 tops with respect to lower spring cup 132.Thus, the lifting of the lower spring cup 132 in the inside of interior pipe 112 makes the also lifting of pasta of reservoir compartment 122 by the work grease chamber 121 of interior pipe 112.Therefore, utilize the spring load of the lift adjustment axle spring 133 of lower spring cup 132, and utilize the rising of the pasta of reservoir compartment 122, energy chamber 122B is enlarged or dwindle, its result also can adjust the spring load of air bellow.
More than, by accompanying drawing in detail embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, but concrete formation of the present invention being not limited to these embodiment, the change in the design in not breaking away from aim scope of the present invention etc. all comprises in the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. water bumper can insert the interior pipe of axletree side with being free to slide in the outer tube of car body side, hydraulic seal ground inserts and screw thread is fixed with the axletree carriage in the lower ending opening portion of pipe in this;
In described, on the interior week of pipe distance member is set, marks off the work grease chamber, mark off the reservoir compartment on top in the bottom of this distance member,
It is indoor that the piston support parts that are installed on described outer tube side are passed the described distance member ground described power fluid of insertion, and the leading section of these piston support parts is provided with the piston that slides in described work grease chamber,
The power fluid of pipe is indoor in described, has clamped axle spring between the lower spring cup of the bottom side of the upper spring seat of piston support component side and interior pipe, it is characterized by,
Described lower spring cup is extruded with the lower end teat from the bottom that round-ended cylinder portion is arranged, and sees from the side, and the lower bevel of conduct one end face of lower end teat is intersected with the lower vertical face as the other end acute angle-shapedly,
Described lower spring cup is from the front, on the central portion of lower end teat, possess from described lower bevel to described lower vertical face, at the spline groove of the U word shape of the lower opening of described lower end teat,
The described spline groove of described lower spring cup makes the described relatively axletree carriage of this spring perch spline by the pars intermedia of the adjustable bolt of clamp springs load adjusting device,
Described water bumper has the spring load setting device,
Described spring load setting device with adjustable bolt be arranged at described on the bottom of pipe, this adjustable bolt constitute described in the surface of position that leaves the axletree mounting hole of described axletree carriage of bottom of pipe to the outside,
The inside bottom of described axletree carriage is provided with slide block,
Described spring load setting device make pad with by the formed step surface butt of the protrusion of the base end side that is formed at adjustable bolt, make described slide block insert the front that is fixed on this adjustable bolt, and, the rotational force by described adjustable bolt make this slide block with described in can move by straight line on the center shaft of the pipe direction of intersecting;
The lower bevel mounting of described lower spring cup is in the upper inclined surface of described slide block, and make the lower vertical face of this lower spring cup and the end face butt of the described pad of the described step surface that is connected to described adjustable bolt, utilize the rotation of described adjustable bolt to make described lower spring cup lifting, adjust the spring load of axle spring;
Be filled with pad on the stage portion of the inside bottom of described axletree carriage, this pad embeds around the lower end teat of described lower spring cup, and card ends on the bulge that is provided with on the front end both sides of described lower end teat, prevents to come off;
Utilization is loaded in the leading section that described pad on the described stage portion of described axletree carriage is supported on pipe in fixing described of screw thread on the described axletree carriage.
2. according to the described water bumper of claim 1, it is characterized by,
Described axletree carriage is fixed by bottom and screw thread that O shape ring inserts described interior pipe, pipe seamlessly is inserted in the annular gap between the cylindrical portion of interior week of described axletree carriage and described lower spring cup in described, thus, pipe and assembling stage of described axletree carriage in described, be loaded in the restriction that the described pad on the described stage portion of described axletree carriage is subjected to loading in the endless groove of described axletree carriage O shape encircles and can not come off.
CN2008101780310A 2005-10-28 2006-09-26 Hydraulic shock absorber Active CN101428670B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP315304/2005 2005-10-28
JP315309/2005 2005-10-28
JP2005315309A JP4602228B2 (en) 2005-10-28 2005-10-28 Hydraulic shock absorber
JP2005315304A JP4602227B2 (en) 2005-10-28 2005-10-28 Hydraulic shock absorber
JP373285/2005 2005-12-26
JP2005373285A JP4718995B2 (en) 2005-12-26 2005-12-26 Hydraulic shock absorber
JP2006079592A JP2007255538A (en) 2006-03-22 2006-03-22 Hydraulic shock absorber
JP079592/2006 2006-03-22
JP2006177358A JP4825061B2 (en) 2006-06-27 2006-06-27 Hydraulic shock absorber
JP177358/2006 2006-06-27

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JP4965503B2 (en) * 2008-04-28 2012-07-04 株式会社ショーワ Hydraulic shock absorber
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JP6013958B2 (en) * 2013-03-27 2016-10-25 Ｋｙｂ株式会社 Suspension device
CN107938881A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-04-20 重庆交通大学 Car carwash buffer
JP7463185B2 (en) 2020-04-29 2024-04-08 日立Astemo株式会社 Hydraulic shock absorber
CN112727993A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-30 上海保隆汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 Air spring shock absorber with sealing diaphragm

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JPH02150439U (en) * 1989-05-19 1990-12-26
CN2283756Y (en) * 1997-05-01 1998-06-10 周玉清 Hydraulic buffer vibration-damper
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