CN101426541A - 显微外科手术系统中的回流控制 - Google Patents

显微外科手术系统中的回流控制 Download PDF

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CN101426541A
CN101426541A CNA2007800140556A CN200780014055A CN101426541A CN 101426541 A CN101426541 A CN 101426541A CN A2007800140556 A CNA2007800140556 A CN A2007800140556A CN 200780014055 A CN200780014055 A CN 200780014055A CN 101426541 A CN101426541 A CN 101426541A
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M·A·霍普金斯
S·X·高
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/80—Suction pumps
    • A61M1/804—Suction pumps using Laval or Venturi jet pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
    • A61M1/74—Suction control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
    • A61F9/00736—Instruments for removal of intra-ocular material or intra-ocular injection, e.g. cataract instruments

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Abstract

一种显微外科手术系统，该系统能通过可编程的、预定义的回流分布和压力聚集装置改进回流。

Description

显微外科手术系统中的回流控制
技术领域
本发明一般涉及在显微外科手术系统中控制回流，更具体地说涉及在眼科显微外科手术系统中控制回流。
背景技术
在小切口外科手术期间，更具体地说在眼科外科手术期间，小探针被插入到手术部位进行切割、切除或另外处理组织。在这些外科手术期间，典型的是流体被注入到眼部，以及注入流体和组织从手术部位被抽吸。这些探针具有小孔，所述孔容易被组织堵塞。这种堵塞典型地被称为“闭塞”、“尖端闭塞”或“端口闭塞”。清洁这些闭塞物的过程典型地被称为“回流”。
更通常的是，回流是使在外科手术系统中的抽吸流方向反向的能力。回流也可用于外科手术部位的可视化(例如，通过使血液或者其它组织从特定的感兴趣的点运动离开)。
传统的回流方法是建立流体的背压脉冲，该流体穿过抽吸回路行进到探针的尖端或端口，以清洁隐藏的组织。采用锤或阀以捏住硅胶管从而产生正压力脉冲。这种方法没有能力控制回流压力分布。因此，对在显微外科手术系统中控制回流的改进方法的需求继续存在。
发明内容
本发明提供了用于在显微外科手术系统中控制回流的改进的设备和方法。在本发明的一个方面，用于在显微外科手术系统中控制回流的设备包括加压气源、抽吸室、第一阀、第二阀、聚集装置、压力传感器和计算机，所述抽吸室与所述加压气源流体相连并包括设在其中的流体，所述第一阀与所述加压气源和所述抽吸室流体相连，所述第二阀与所述加压气源和所述抽吸室流体相连，所述聚集装置与所述加压气源和在所述第一阀和第二阀之间的所述抽吸室流体相连，所述压力传感器与所述聚集装置流体相连，所述计算机与所述第一阀、第二阀、聚集装置和压力传感器电连接。该设备在抽吸室内通过计算机将第一阀保持打开状态和第二阀保持关闭状态产生回流压力脉冲，同时允许加压气体从加压气源流动穿过第一阀以在聚集装置内形成预填充回流压力，同时关闭第一阀，打开第二阀以将预填充回流压力释放进入抽吸室，并重新闭合第二阀。在本发明的另一方面，上述设备通过计算机将第一阀和第二阀保持在打开状态，压力传感器测定聚集装置内的实际压力并向计算机提供相应于实际压力的第一信号，计算机对实际压力和在聚集装置内的理想压力进行比较，并且计算机响应实际压力和理想压力的比较提供第二信号，以对比例阀进行调整，在抽吸室内产生稳定状态的回流压力。
附图说明
参照下面的描述结合附图，以更完整地理解本发明以及进一步理解本发明的目的和优点，其中图1是示出显微外科手术系统抽吸回路的示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的优选实施例及其优点通过参照附图1得到最好的理解。显微外科手术系统10优选包括加压气源12、比例阀14、聚集装置16、隔离阀18、真空发生器20、抽吸室22、抽吸端口24、外科手术装置26、压力传感器28和计算机或微处理器30。系统10的不同的部件通过流体管道32、34、36、38、40、42、44和46流体相连。系统10的不同的部件通过接口48、50、52、54、56和58电相连。阀14优选是比例电磁阀。聚集装置16优选具有约15cc的容积。阀18优选是“开/关”电磁阀。真空发生器20可以是用于产生真空的任何合适的装置但是优选产生真空的真空芯片或文氏管芯片。外科手术装置26可以是抽吸组织的任何外科手术装置，但是优选是眼科外科手术装置，如超声乳化探针、玻璃体切除探针或抽吸探针。外科手术装置26具有带有端口62的尖端60，所述端口62与流体管道44流体相连。压力传感器28可以是用于直接或间接测量压力和真空的任何合适的装置。微处理器30能够执行反馈控制，并优选PID控制。
图1的抽吸回路能实现在显微外科手术系统10中的改进的回流控制。在正常的外科手术装置26的手术期间，流体和/或组织63通过由真空发生器20供应的真空从端口62被抽吸进入抽吸室22。然而，在显微外科手术系统10的回流操作期间，微处理器30通过接口58发送信号以关闭真空发生器20。
用户可以通过接口50输入用于在聚集装置16中的理想压力的设定点。用户也可以通过接口52输入是否需要稳定状态的回流压力或脉冲回流压力。可供选择地，微处理器30可以提供用于聚集装置16的预定义的回流压力分布。压力传感器46测量聚集装置16内的实际压力并通过接口48向微处理器30提供相应的信号。微处理器30将由压力传感器46提供的信号与当前用于聚集装置16的理想压力进行比较，然后通过穿越接口56的信号调整比例阀14，以便将所测的聚集装置16的回流压力保持在理想的回流压力或接近理想的回流压力。
当要求稳定状态的回流压力时，微处理器30通过穿越接口54的信号将隔离阀18保持在打开位置。然后微处理器30如上所述控制外科手术装置26的聚集装置16、抽吸室22和端口62内的回流压力。由于抽吸端口24位于抽吸室22的底部，抽吸室22作为储存装置发挥作用，以在需要时提供持续的回流。
当要求脉冲回流压力时，微处理器30即刻关闭隔离阀18。微处理器30如上所述调整聚集装置16内的实际压力，以产生“预填充”回流压力。然后微处理器30关闭比例阀14，打开隔离阀18以释放聚集装置16内的预填充回流压力，然后重新关闭隔离阀18。这样，微处理器30产生压力脉冲，该压力脉冲行进到抽吸室22和外科手术装置26的端口62。该压力脉冲是可完全重复的，并且基于存储在微处理器30内的预定义回流压力分布是可编程的。
聚集装置16也作为安全装置发挥作用。一旦比例阀14关闭，被输送到抽吸室22和端口62的最大回流压力由聚集装置16的容积和预填充回流压力限制。
本发明在此由例子进行说明，而本领域的普通技术人员可以做出各种修改。例如，虽然本发明针对眼科显微外科手术系统的回流控制进行上述说明，但本发明也可以应用于其它的显微外科手术系统。
相信本发明的操作和构造将明显区别于此前的描述。虽然本发明的上面所示或所述的设备和方法作为优选实施例被赋予特征，在不超出本发明如下所述的权利要求的本质和保护范围的情况下可以在其中做出各种不同的修改。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于在显微外科手术系统中控制回流的设备，包括：
加压气源；
抽吸室，该抽吸室与所述加压气源流体相连并包括设在其中的流体；
第一阀，该第一阀与所述加压气源和所述抽吸室流体相连；
第二阀，该第二阀与所述加压气源和所述抽吸室流体相连；
聚集装置，该聚集装置与所述加压气源和在所述第一阀和所述第二阀之间的所述抽吸室流体相连；
压力传感器，该压力传感器与所述聚集装置流体相连；和
计算机，该计算机与所述第一阀、所述第二阀、所述聚集装置和所述压力传感器电连接；
由此，所述设备通过所述计算机保持所述第一阀处于打开状态和第二阀处于关闭状态、在所述抽吸室中产生回流压力脉冲，同时允许加压气体从所述加压气源流动穿过所述第一阀，以在所述聚集装置内形成预填充回流压力，关闭所述第一阀，打开所述第二阀，以将所述预填充回流压力释放进入所述抽吸室内，并重新关闭所述第二阀。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述第一阀是比例阀。
3.如权利要求2所述的设备，其中所述预填充回流压力的所述形成过程包括：
所述压力传感器测定在所述聚集装置内的实际压力，并将对应于所述实际压力的第一信号提供给所述计算机；
所述计算机将所述实际压力与所述聚集装置内的理想压力进行比较；和
所述计算机响应所述实际压力与所述理想压力的所述比较提供第二信号，以调节所述比例阀。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述计算机以可重复的方式产生所述回流压力脉冲的多个回流压力脉冲。
5.如权利要求4所述的设备，其中所述多个回流压力脉冲的所述产生过程根据在所述计算机中的预定义分布执行。
6.如权利要求1所述的设备，还包括具有带开口端口的尖端的外科手术装置，所述开口端口与所述抽吸室流体相连。
7.一种在显微外科手术系统中用于控制回流的设备，包括：
加压气源；
抽吸室，该抽吸室与所述加压气源流体相连并包括设在其中的流体；
第一阀，该第一阀与所述加压气源和所述抽吸室流体相连；
第二阀，该第二阀与所述加压气源和所述抽吸室流体相连；
聚集装置，该聚集装置与所述加压气源和在所述第一阀和所述第二阀之间的所述抽吸室流体相连；
压力传感器，该压力传感器与所述聚集装置流体相连；和
计算机，该计算机与所述第一阀、所述第二阀、所述聚集装置和所述压力传感器电相连；
由此，所述设备在所述抽吸室内产生所述稳定状态的回流压力是通过：
所述计算机将所述第一阀和所述第二阀保持在打开状态；
所述压力传感器测定在所述聚集装置内的实际压力并将相应于所述实际压力的第一信号提供给所述计算机；
所述计算机将所述实际压力与所述聚集装置内的理想压力进行比较；和
所述计算机响应所述实际压力与所述理想压力的所述比较，提供第二信号以调节所述比例阀。
8.如权利要求7所述的设备，还包括具有带开口端口的尖端的外科手术装置，所述开口端口与所述抽吸室流体相连。
CNA2007800140556A 2006-06-23 2007-05-21 显微外科手术系统中的回流控制 Pending CN101426541A (zh)

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ATE475439T1 (de) 2010-08-15
WO2007149667A2 (en) 2007-12-27
DE602007008096D1 (de) 2010-09-09
CA2644296A1 (en) 2007-12-27
US20080125695A1 (en) 2008-05-29
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