CN101423846B - 无公害沼气发酵处理方法及其装置 - Google Patents

无公害沼气发酵处理方法及其装置 Download PDF

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CN101423846B
CN101423846B CN2008100723062A CN200810072306A CN101423846B CN 101423846 B CN101423846 B CN 101423846B CN 2008100723062 A CN2008100723062 A CN 2008100723062A CN 200810072306 A CN200810072306 A CN 200810072306A CN 101423846 B CN101423846 B CN 101423846B
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林锋
林皓
张叶盛
赖明帅
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CHUANGDONG ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY (FUJIAN) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种无公害沼气发酵处理方法及其装置，首先有机废弃物被收集到若干个收集罐中，收集罐的有机废弃物经喂料泵输送到前发酵罐，前发酵罐内的有机料自流到后发酵罐，前、后发酵罐分别经料液泵输送沼液至脱水机脱水后，沼液渣被送往制造有机肥，沼液的废液送往回流收集罐。本发明因为设置了多个收集罐以及前、后发酵罐，使该装置在清污、维护时可以不需要停产，从而保证了不间断地产生沼气及堆肥。

Description

无公害沼气发酵处理方法及其装置
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种无公害沼气发酵处理方法及其装置。
背景技术：
我国能源矛盾日益突出，而解决我国能源矛盾的根本出路只能是建设节约型社会。我国农村能源利用效率低下，能源浪费严重。沼气是一种清洁、高效的可再生能源，农村发展沼气很重要，不仅可以方便农民的生活，还可以改善生态环境。沼气产业实现了农业生产和农民生活的循环发展，极大地节约了农村能源，发展农村沼气产业，是解决我国农村能源问题和建设节约型新农村的有效途径。
但发展沼气产业也存在着一些需要克服以及不断改进的地方：如沼气发生装置在使用一段时间后需要进行清污处理，从而影响了正常的使用。又如以往沼气发生装置在产沼气过程中会产生副产物硫化氢，硫化氢是一种臭鸡蛋的无色气体，农村沼气池产生的沼气每立方米一般含有1-3克的硫化氢，当灶具燃烧沼气时，硫化氢在水汽参与下会腐蚀灶具上的一些金属零件以及还会产生一些对人体有害的气体。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于提供一种无公害沼气发酵处理方法及其装置，该方法及装置设计合理、操作方便，有利于不间断地产生沼气及堆肥。
本发明无公害沼气发酵处理方法，其特征在于：首先有机废弃物被收集到若干个收集罐中，收集罐的有机废弃物经喂料泵输送到前发酵罐，前发酵罐内的有机料自流到后发酵罐，前、后发酵罐分别经料液泵输送沼液至脱水机后，沼液渣被送往制造有机肥，沼液的废液送往回流收集罐。
本发明无公害沼气发酵处理装置，其特征在于：包括用于容纳有机废弃物的若干个收集罐，所述若干个收集罐经一输送喂料泵与前发酵罐连接，所述前发酵罐又与后发酵罐连接，前、后发酵罐分别经料液泵输送沼液至脱水机脱水。
本发明的工作流程：首先有机废弃物(包括有家庭、餐馆的废弃物、畜产废弃物、市场废弃物等)被收集到若干个收集罐中，收集罐的有机废弃物经喂料泵输送到前发酵罐，前发酵罐内的有机料自流到后发酵罐，前、后发酵罐分别经料液泵输送沼液至脱水机脱水后，沼液渣被送往制造有机肥，沼液的废液送往回流收集罐。因为设置了多个收集罐以及前、后发酵罐，使该装置在清污、维护时可以不需要停产，从而保证了不间断地制造沼气及堆肥。
附图说明：
图1是本发明装置的构造示意图；
图2是本发明装置前、后发酵罐的构造示意图。
具体实施方式：
本发明无公害沼气发酵处理方法，首先有机废弃物被收集到若干个收集罐中，收集罐的有机废弃物经喂料泵输送到前发酵罐，前发酵罐内的有机料自流到后发酵罐，前、后发酵罐分别经料液泵输送沼液至脱水机后，沼液渣被送往制造有机肥，沼液的废液送往回流收集罐。
本发明无公害沼气发酵处理装置，包括用于容纳有机废弃物的若干个收集罐A1，该若干个收集罐A1经一输送喂料泵A2与前发酵罐A3连接，前发酵罐A3又与后发酵罐A4连接，前、后发酵罐A3、A4分别经料液泵A5输送至脱水机A6脱水。收集罐有两个，每个收集罐均设有搅拌器。
为了有利于消除发酵罐内产生的硫化氢气体，本发明罐体内的顶部安装有用于盛载脱硫菌的木条格层2，罐体顶板3上设有若干个便于进气管4伸入罐体内腔的进气管口5，罐体外设有与进气管连接以控制空气进气量的风机6，为了保证生物脱硫的正常进行，罐体还设有氧气浓度、PH值、温度值的控制装置。
本发明的生物脱硫，采取控制定量的空气进入沼气反应器的方法来实现脱硫，这种脱硫方法的原理是利用兼性厌氧微生物在微量氧气(<0.1mg/L)存在的情况下，将硫化物氧化为单质硫。这类细菌属于无色硫细菌，其中硫杆菌Thiobacillus就是一种典型的脱硫细菌，它属于自养细菌，以无机硫化物为电子供体，以CO2为碳源，其是土壤和自然水体中最常见的一种无色硫细菌，一般是无芽孢的短杆菌，革兰氏阴性，端生鞭毛，能将硫化物氧化成单质硫或硫酸盐，或将硫代硫酸盐氧化为硫酸盐。大多数无色硫细菌都在pH中性、中温条件下生活，对DO的要求严格。
本发明脱硫参数的控制：
1.罐体内氧气浓度的控制：本工程采用的是通过安装在罐体内测含氧量的探头把信号传递给PLC，再由PLC控制空气进气管道上的截流阀实现空气定量进入罐体内。
2.PH的控制：罐体内PH控制在6-8，为脱硫菌提供良好的生存环境。
3.温度的控制：本工程通过利用发电机的余热对罐体内部进行加温，并控制罐体内的温度37℃左右为脱硫菌创造有利的中温生存环境。
4.生物载体的选择：本工程在罐体内的顶部安装有两层的木条格作为脱硫菌的载体，不仅增加了生物载体的面积，而且增加了空气与脱硫菌的接触面积，从而增强了细菌的脱硫能力。
为了使罐体内的物料更加充分地搅拌，以利于物料的反应，罐体顶板3与底板8之间设有支撑柱9，罐体内竖设有主搅拌轴10，主搅拌轴伸出端与第一电动机传动机构11联接；罐体周壁上还斜置有末端具有搅拌叶片的转轴12，转轴从罐体周壁上的通孔伸出，并与周壁体外的第二电动机构13传动联接，转轴伸入罐体的角度可调。
为了防止罐体内周壁的腐蚀，罐体内周壁上涂覆有防腐的环氧漆层14。
为了保持有利于罐体发酵的适宜温度和罐体的保温，罐体外周壁上涂覆设有保温层15，罐体内周壁上水平盘设有若干排料液加热管16。

Claims (6)

1.一种无公害沼气发酵处理装置，其特征在于：包括用于容纳有机废弃物的若干个收集罐，所述若干个收集罐经一输送喂料泵与前发酵罐连接，所述前发酵罐又与后发酵罐连接，前、后发酵罐分别经料液泵输送至脱水机脱水，所述收集罐有两个，每个收集罐均设有搅拌器，所述前发酵罐、后发酵罐分别具有两个，所述前发酵罐、后发酵罐罐体内的顶部都安装有用于盛载脱硫菌的木条格层，前、后发酵罐体顶板上设有若干个便于进气管伸入前、后发酵罐体内腔的进气管口，前、后发酵罐体外设有与进气管连接以控制空气进气量的风机，所述前、后发酵罐体设有氧气浓度、PH值、温度值的控制装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无公害沼气发酵处理装置，其特征在于：所述前、后发酵罐体顶板与底板之间设有支撑柱，前、后发酵罐体内竖设有主搅拌轴，所述主搅拌轴伸出端与第一电动机传动机构连接；所述前、后发酵罐体周壁上还斜置有末端具有搅拌叶片的转轴，转轴从前、后发酵罐体周壁上的通孔伸出，并与周壁体外的第二电动机构传动连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的无公害沼气发酵处理装置，其特征在于：所述转轴伸入前、后发酵罐体的角度可调。
4.根据权利要求3所述的无公害沼气发酵处理装置，其特征在于：所述前、后发酵罐体内周壁上涂覆有防腐的环氧漆层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的无公害沼气发酵处理装置，其特征在于：所述前、后发酵罐体外周壁上涂覆设有保温层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的无公害沼气发酵处理装置，其特征在于：所述前、后发酵罐体内周壁上水平盘设有若干排料液加热管。
CN2008100723062A 2008-12-09 2008-12-09 无公害沼气发酵处理方法及其装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101423846B (zh)

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CN101993813B (zh) * 2009-08-18 2013-05-15 包德圻 利用废生物实现能源沼气化
CN104480006B (zh) * 2015-01-22 2016-01-20 张伟伟 连通发酵区促进流动搅拌的高效甲烷发生系统
CN110386833A (zh) * 2018-04-23 2019-10-29 惠州市返原生物科技有限公司 高效有机肥酦酵方法

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CN2585865Y (zh) * 2002-11-29 2003-11-12 李声寿 生活垃圾两相厌氧干发酵处理装置
CN1724635A (zh) * 2005-07-11 2006-01-25 夏天祥 全自动机械集成沼气加工工艺
CN201305561Y (zh) * 2008-12-09 2009-09-09 创东能源环保科技（福建）有限公司 无公害有机肥处理及沼气发生装置

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CN2585865Y (zh) * 2002-11-29 2003-11-12 李声寿 生活垃圾两相厌氧干发酵处理装置
CN1724635A (zh) * 2005-07-11 2006-01-25 夏天祥 全自动机械集成沼气加工工艺
CN201305561Y (zh) * 2008-12-09 2009-09-09 创东能源环保科技（福建）有限公司 无公害有机肥处理及沼气发生装置

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