CN101421346B - Thermoplastic resin composition, a solar cell sealing sheet, and a solar cell - Google Patents
Thermoplastic resin composition, a solar cell sealing sheet, and a solar cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101421346B CN101421346B CN2007800132511A CN200780013251A CN101421346B CN 101421346 B CN101421346 B CN 101421346B CN 2007800132511 A CN2007800132511 A CN 2007800132511A CN 200780013251 A CN200780013251 A CN 200780013251A CN 101421346 B CN101421346 B CN 101421346B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- thermoplastic resin
- resin composition
- propylene
- solar cell
- fusing point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 229920005789 ACRONAL® acrylic binder Polymers 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 30
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 27
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-Butyl hydroperoxide Substances CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 23
- 206010018612 Gonorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 18
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 9
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001893 acrylonitrile styrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 4
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M nonanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical group CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNFXPOAMRORRJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-octylphenyl) 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O VNFXPOAMRORRJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMAAOHONJPSASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylperoxypropan-2-ylbenzene Chemical group CCCCOOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PMAAOHONJPSASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CAMBAGZYTIDFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butylperoxy-2-methylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(CO)COOC(C)(C)C CAMBAGZYTIDFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000472 traumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VVUWYXJTOLSMFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxy-4-octylphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound OC1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VVUWYXJTOLSMFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNRLEMMIVRBKJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethylaniline) Chemical class C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 JNRLEMMIVRBKJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108700018427 F 327 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYYGCUZHHGZXGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-ene;ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C.CCC=C IYYGCUZHHGZXGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl ethylene Natural products CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002899 organoaluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XMGMFRIEKMMMSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethylbenzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1[C]C1=CC=CC=C1 XMGMFRIEKMMMSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000176 photostabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003217 poly(methylsilsesquioxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003902 salicylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/14—Copolymers of propene
- C08L23/142—Copolymers of propene at least partially crystalline copolymers of propene with other olefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0203—Containers; Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation of photodiodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/08—Crosslinking by silane
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Abstract
A thermoplastic resin composition giving a solar cell sealing sheet which, even in a non-crosslinked state, is satisfactory in mechanical strength, solar-cell-sealing properties, transparency, and weatherability. The thermoplastic resin composition comprises: 1-95 wt.% propylene polymer (A) satisfying the following (i) and (ii); and 5-99 wt.% propylene copolymer (B) which is a copolymer of propylene with at least one C2-20 a-olefin other than propylene and which, when examined with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), has a melting point lower than 80 DEG C or has no melting point. (i) When examined with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), the polymer has a melting point in the range of 80-135 DEG C and (ii) when examined with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), the polymer gives an endotherm curve in which no endotherm attributable to crystal fusion is observed in the region of temperatures not lower than 140 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sheet material that is used between surfacing that plate object or flap by glass, plastics etc. constitute and backing material sealed solar can battery, particularly a kind of non-crosslinked solar cell sealing sheet material of hot laminating at low temperatures.
Background technology
Solar cell sealing sheet material as existing described kind, usually use the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (being called for short EVA) that contains organo-peroxide, because of it has softness, transparent high resin properties, in addition by cooperating additives such as suitable weather stablizer, adhesion promotor to make the long durability excellence.
But, because the EVA fusing point is low, under the envrionment temperature of using solar module, there is the insufficient problems of thermotolerance such as causing thermal distortion, form crosslinking structure by cooperating organo-peroxide, make it present thermotolerance.
Can use can the polyolefinic known sheet forming manufactured solar cell sealing sheet material of moulding, but when cooperating above-mentioned organo-peroxide, in order to prevent the decomposition of organo-peroxide, there is the problem that hinders the high-speed production rate in moulding at low temperatures.
In addition; in the manufacturing process of solar cell, usually adopt the interim bonding process that undertaken by the vacuum hot laminating and two operations of the crosslinked operation of being undertaken by high temperature oven with (sealer=glass, plastics)/(solar cell sealing sheet material)/(electrification component=solar cell device)/(solar cell sealing sheet material)/(sealer=glass, plastics) structure.Because the above-mentioned crosslinked operation of utilizing organo-peroxide needs the time of dozens of minutes, so people's strong request is shortened the time of crosslinked operation or cancelled crosslinked operation.
In addition, during life-time service, exist the decomposition gas (acetate gas) of EVA material or vinyl acetate ester group that EVA self has that electrification component is adversely affected, reduce the misgivings of generating efficiency.
For fear of the problem of above-mentioned EVA, proposed to use the scheme (spy opens 2000-91611) of the solar cell sealing sheet material of ethylene.Think and can reduce detrimentally affect electrification component by described material, but because the thermotolerance of described material and flexible balance are insufficient, the non-crosslinked state can't present good thermotolerance down, so be difficult to omit crosslinked operation (patent documentation 1).
On the other hand, inventor waits that to be devoted to develop with the polypropylene of excellent heat resistance or with the propylene be that the multipolymer of main component is as also operable solar cell sealing sheet material under base-material, the non-crosslinked state.According to inventor's etc. research as can be known, described good flexibility and the thermotolerance of solar cell sealing sheet material demonstration that with polypropylene or with the propylene is the multipolymer of main component as base-material, the very narrow problem of temperature range that has the carried out hot laminating (with electrification component and solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention and then the glass or backplate (back sheet) coincidence of solar cell, by heating the operation of it is bonding or welding) when making solar cell on the other hand.
When carrying out hot laminating, because it is impaired at high temperature to constitute the electrification component or the sealer of above-mentioned solar cell, so wish and under the low temperature of trying one's best (particularly below 160 ℃), to carry out hot laminating more preferably less than 160 ℃ temperature.
In patent documentation 2, also put down in writing content at 120 ℃ to 160 ℃ scope hot laminating translucent resin.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens the 2000-91611 communique
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 11-163377 communique
Summary of the invention
According to the inventor's etc. research as can be known, be that the multipolymer of main component gonorrhoea takes place when heating near fusing point as the material of base-material with polypropylene or with the propylene, cause using the transparency of the solar cell sealing sheet material of this material to be badly damaged.Therefore inventor waits with the non-crosslinked solar cell sealing sheet material that addresses the above problem, develop the hot laminating performance that realizes simultaneously under thermotolerance and the low temperature as problem.
Problem of the present invention has the flowability of plastic degree and have sufficient thermotolerance aspect practical for providing a kind of, though simultaneously at low temperatures hot laminating the thermoplastic resin composition of gonorrhoea and the solar cell sealing sheet material that is formed by described thermoplastic resin composition do not take place yet.
First thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention constitutes ((A) and summation (B) are 100 weight %) by acronal (A) and 5～99 weight % propylene copolymers (B) that 1～95 weight % has the feature of following (i)～(ii), described propylene copolymers (B) is that propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene are the multipolymer that 2～20 alpha-olefin forms, and is lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter observation.
The feature of acronal (A):
(i) fusing point of measuring by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method is 80～135 ℃ scope.
(ii) in endothermic curve, do not observe the heat absorption that causes by watery fusion in the zone more than 140 ℃ by the observation of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method.
In first thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention,
Below preferred acronal (A) also satisfies (iii);
(iii) use differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) fusing point Tm that observes and the vicat softening temperature Tv that measures based on ASTMD1525 to satisfy the relation of formula (I);
0.234 * (Tm)
1.277≦ Tv ≦ Tm formula (I)
(wherein Tm is 80～135 ℃).
First thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can be contained the coupling agent (Y) of 0.1～5 weight part with respect to summation 100 weight parts of aforesaid propylene base polymer (A) with propylene copolymers (B).
Above-mentioned first thermoplastic resin composition is more than 0.05g/10 minute at the MFR under 230 ℃ preferably.
In addition, with the mixture of 1～95 weight % aforesaid propylene base polymer (A) and 99～5 weight % aforesaid propylene analog copolymers (B) ((A) is 100 weight % with (B) summation), be the above-mentioned coupling agent (Y) of 0.1～5 weight part with respect to (A) with (B) summation 100 weight parts, in the presence of organo-peroxide, the thermoplastic resin composition that melting mixing obtains is one of preferred version of the present invention (following be also referred to as sometimes " second thermoplastic resin composition ").Above-mentioned second thermoplastic resin composition is more than 0.05g/10 minute at the MFR under 230 ℃ preferably.
Described first thermoplastic resin composition and second thermoplastic resin composition are applicable to that all sealed solar can battery.Solar cell sealing sheet of the present invention is made of above-mentioned first thermoplastic resin composition or above-mentioned second thermoplastic resin composition.
Solar cell of the present invention is to use above-mentioned solar cell sealing sheet to form.
The 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is satisfied following (ia) and acronal (AA) (iia), is reached 5～99 weight % propylene copolymers (BB) formation by 1～95 weight %, described propylene copolymers (BB) is that propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene are the multipolymer that 2～20 alpha-olefin forms, and is lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter observation.
(ia) fusing point of measuring by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method is more than 80 ℃ below 140 ℃
(iia) molecular weight distribution that is obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is below 3.
In the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, aforesaid propylene analog copolymer (BB) is preferably following propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1);
Propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1) is that the structural unit of 4～20 alpha-olefin constitutes from carbonatoms from the structural unit of ethene, 3～30 moles of % from the structural unit of propylene, 5～25 moles of % by 45～92 moles of %, and is lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter observation.
In the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, can cooperate summation 100 weight parts with respect to aforesaid propylene base polymer (AA) and propylene copolymers (BB) is the coupling agent (Y) of 0.1～5 weight part.
The 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is more than 0.05g/10 minute at 230 ℃ of following MFR preferably.
Above-mentioned the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition is applicable to that sealed solar can battery.
Other solar cell sealing sheet of the present invention is made of above-mentioned the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition.
Other solar cell of the present invention is to use the solar cell sealing sheet material that is made of above-mentioned the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention to form.
First thermoplastic resin composition of the application of the invention or second thermoplastic resin composition, though a kind of flowability with plastic degree can be provided and have aspect practical sufficient thermotolerance simultaneously at low temperatures hot laminating the solar cell sealing sheet material of gonorrhoea does not take place yet.By using this solar cell sealing sheet material; can enlarge when producing solar cell can hot laminating temperature range; particularly owing under lower temperature, carrying out hot laminating, so can reduce infringement to other member (electrification component or sealer).In addition, owing to need not be in order to present the crosslinked operation that thermotolerance diminishes Resin Flow, so can shorten the time of the manufacturing process of solar cell greatly, the solar cell recirculation easily after using be simultaneously used.And then first thermoplastic resin composition who cooperates coupling agent (Y) to constitute is and the binding property of adherend also thermoplastic resin excellent composition.In addition, second thermoplastic resin composition also is and the binding property of adherend also thermoplastic resin excellent composition.
The 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the application of the invention carries out the solar cell sealing sheet material that gonorrhoea does not take place hot laminating yet simultaneously at low temperatures even a kind of flowability with plastic degree can be provided and have sufficient thermotolerance aspect practical.By using this solar cell sealing sheet material; can enlarge when producing solar cell can hot laminating temperature range; particularly owing under lower temperature, carrying out hot laminating, so can reduce infringement to other member (electrification component or sealer).In addition, owing to need not be in order to present the crosslinked operation that thermotolerance diminishes Resin Flow, so can shorten the time of the manufacturing process of solar cell greatly, the solar cell recirculation easily after using be simultaneously used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 for the acronal (A-1) that uses among the embodiment at the DSC curve when-150 ℃ are warming up to 200 ℃ under 20 ℃/minute the heat-up rate.
Fig. 2 is the DSC curve of the acronal (A-2) that uses among the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the DSC curve of the acronal (A-3) that uses among the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the DSC curve of the acronal (A-4) that uses among the embodiment.
Fig. 5 represents to use one of the scheme of solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention example.
Fig. 6 represents the oven test sample of use in embodiment 11 and the comparative example 11.
Fig. 7 represents the bonding glass test sample of use in embodiment 11 and the comparative example 11.
Embodiment
The solar cell sealing sheet material of first and second thermoplastic resin composition, use said composition, the solar cell that uses this solar cell sealing sheet material to constitute
(A) acronal
As the acronal that uses among the present invention (A), can enumerate alfon or propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene and be the multipolymer that 2～20 alpha-olefin forms.Herein, it as the carbonatoms except that propylene 2～20 alpha-olefin, can enumerate ethene, 1-butylene, 1-amylene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecylene, tetradecene, cetene, 1-vaccenic acid, 1-eicosylene etc., but preferably use and ethene or carbonatoms are the multipolymer that 4～10 alpha-olefin forms in the present invention.
In polypropylene can with 35 moles below the %, preferably with 20 moles of % (make herein structural unit from propylene, with the summation that from carbonatoms is the structural unit of 2～20 alpha-olefin (but except propylene) be 100 moles of %) below ratio contain by described alpha-olefin derived structural unit.Can contain more than 2 kinds structural unit in addition from the alpha-olefin beyond the propylene.
Described alpha-olefin can form random copolymers with propylene, can also form segmented copolymer, but can preferably use the product that forms random copolymers in the present invention.
In the present invention, as mentioned above, preferred propylene carbonatoms is the random copolymers of 2～20 alpha-olefin (but except propylene), be that the content of the structural unit of 2～20 alpha-olefin be preferably 1～7.5 mole % from carbonatoms this moment, more preferably be 2～7 moles of %, 2.5～6.5 moles of % more preferably.
In addition, the melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) that acronal (A) is measured under 230 ℃, loading 2.16kg based on ASTMD1238 was 0.01～1000g/10 minute scope, and is preferably more satisfactory 0.05～100g/10 minute scope.
Acronal of the present invention (A) is 80～135 ℃ with the fusing point (peak of the endothermic curve of the watery fusion of expression acronal) of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) observation, be preferably 100～135 ℃, more preferably be 110～130 ℃, be preferably 115 ℃～130 ℃ especially.
In the endothermic curve of acronal of the present invention (A),, do not observe the heat absorption that causes by watery fusion in the zone more than 140 ℃ by the observation of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method.Need to prove, be used to measure fusing point and affirmation, described in the item " (1) fusing point and affirmation are having or not heat absorption more than 140 ℃ " of embodiment at the measuring method that has or not heat absorption more than 140 ℃.
Herein, what is called does not observe the heat absorption that is caused by watery fusion, is defined as follows.
Promptly, dry aluminum oxide is contained in 1-1 with above-mentioned " (1) fusing point and confirm having or not heat absorption more than 140 ℃ ") described in prepare reference substance in the identical aluminium dish of aluminium dish, with this state at above-mentioned 1-1) described in (i)～(iii) under the condition of record on the endothermic curve that obtains, the following reading that reads length axis (heat).
D
Top=in the value of the length axis of the peak position of fusing point (peak melting point)
D
140℃=140 ℃ of values of locating length axis
D
150℃=150 ℃ of values of locating length axis
And then, as the D1 that gives a definition, D2, D1, D2 satisfy formula (1), preferably satisfy formula when (1 '), in the zone more than 140 ℃, do not observe the heat absorption that is caused by watery fusion.
D1＝D
top-D
150℃
D2＝D
140℃-D
150℃
D2/D1 ≦ 0.05 formula (1)
D2/D1 ≦ 0.03 formula (1 ')
D2 also can be negative value herein.
Need to prove that the condition determination of the DSC of affirmation fusing point and fusing heat is as be shown in the examples.
Acronal (A) uses the dumbbell based on JIS K7113-2 number, be not particularly limited at 23 ℃ of modulus in tension of measuring down with chuck spacing: 80mm, draw speed: 200mm/min, but be generally more than the 600MPa, be preferably more than the 700MPa, more preferably more than the 750MPa.
Need to prove, the sample that uses in the mensuration be following obtain add laminated sheet (presssheet): the mould that constitutes by SUS that disposes thickness 4mm up and down, under 190 ℃, carry out heat/pressure, with its with 20 ℃ cooler condenser quenching moulding after, through the laminated sheet that adds that obtains more than 72 hours.
And then acronal of the present invention (A) satisfies following formula (2) with the fusing point Tm of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) observation with the vicat softening temperature Tv that measures based on ASTM D1525, preferably satisfies formula (2) ' relation more satisfactory.
0.234 * (Tm)
1.277≦ Tv ≦ Tm formula (2)
0.234 * (Tm)
1.277≦ Tv ≦ 0.902 * (Tm)
1.011Formula (2) '
(wherein, Tm is 80 ℃～135 ℃).
Above-mentioned (i) fusing point is below 135 ℃ and the acronal (A) that satisfies (ii) is meant that having narrow composition distributes, and promptly narrow fusing point distributes.
Use the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention of described acronal (A), heat laminated temperature, also seldom produce gonorrhoea, can keep the good transparency even further reduce.
(i) fusing point is meant by having the uniform molecule of forming distribution to form below 135 ℃ and satisfy (ii) and then fusing point Tm and vicat softening temperature Tv satisfy the acronal (A) of above-mentioned relation.
Common polyacrylic vicat softening temperature Tv is lower than fusing point Tm, particularly forms widespread polypropylene, and the difference of fusing point Tm and vicat softening temperature Tv has the trend that becomes big.Relative therewith, the relation (difference of fusing point Tm and vicat softening temperature Tv is less) that fusing point Tm and vicat softening temperature Tv satisfy following formula is meant that polypropylene based polymers (A) has very narrow composition and distributes.
Need to prove, the sample that is used to measure Vicat softening point be following obtain add laminated sheet: the mould that constitutes by SUS that disposes thickness 4mm up and down, under 190 ℃, carry out heat/pressure, with its with 20 ℃ cooler condenser quenching moulding after, through the laminated sheet that adds that obtains more than 72 hours.
Use the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention of described acronal (A),, also do not produce gonorrhoea, can keep the good transparency even carry out hot laminating at (promptly about 150 ℃) near the fusing point.
Its reason infers it is that platelet that forms during crystallization and domain size become even because described polypropylene based polymers (A) does not have high-melting-point composition (promptly at the composition that shows heat absorption more than 135 ℃) so have uniform composition distribution.
Acronal of the present invention (A) can use any one in isotactic structure or the syndiotactic structure.In addition, can use a plurality of acronal (A) as required simultaneously, for example can use the different composition more than 2 kinds of fusing point, rigidity or molecular weight.
Described acronal (A) can be by using for example ziegler catalyst system or metallocene catalyst system, obtain with propylene polymerization or with other alpha-olefin copolymer, described ziegler catalyst system is by containing magnesium, titanium, halogen and electron donor are as the solid catalyst component of essential composition, organo-aluminium compound and electron donor constitute, described metallocene catalyst system uses a kind of composition of Metallocenic compound as catalyzer, but can be preferably used as the acronal (A) with above-mentioned feature by using Metallocenic compound to carry out the product that polymerization obtains as the metallocene catalyst system of a kind of composition of catalyzer.
As the metalloscene catalyst that uses, can enumerate by the known Metallocenic compound that can make alpha-olefine polymerizing and Organoaluminoxy compound (organic aluminium oxy compounds) and/or the metalloscene catalyst that can constitute with the right compound of Metallocenic compound reacting forming ion, preferably can carry out the stereospecicity polymeric metalloscene catalyst of isotaxy or syndiotactic structure etc.For example can use the world No. 27124 specification sheetss of open calendar year 2001 or spy to open the catalyzer described in the 2006-52313 communique makes.During as copolymerization and the preferred concrete example of the alpha-olefin that together uses of propylene, can enumerate ethene, 1-butylene, 1-amylene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene etc.
In addition, can use commercially available product as (A).For example make and satisfy formula (2), preferably satisfy formula (2) ' acronal (A) time, can also remove low-melting composition by fractionation in the acronal that never satisfies formula (2) and make.
(B) propylene copolymers
Propylene copolymers among the present invention (B) is the multipolymer of 2～20 alpha-olefin formation for propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene, and is lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point by the fusing point that differential scanning calorimeter DSC observes.Herein, what is called does not observe fusing point and is meant that not observing the watery fusion heat-150～200 ℃ scope is watery fusion peak more than the 1J/g.Condition determination is as be shown in the examples.
The propylene copolymers that uses among the present invention (B) preferably is below 60 ℃ or does not observe fusing point with the fusing point that DSC measures, more preferably do not observe fusing point.
In the propylene copolymers of the present invention (B), alpha-olefin optimal ethylene that uses as comonomer and/or carbonatoms are 4～20 alpha-olefin.
Propylene copolymers of the present invention (B) contains the propylene units of 45～92 moles of %, preferably contains 56～90 moles of %, and the content of the alpha-olefin that uses as comonomer is in the scope of 8～55 moles of %, preferably in the scope of 10～44 moles of %.
The melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) that propylene copolymers of the present invention (B) is measured under 230 ℃, loading 2.16kg based on ASTM D1238 was at 0.01～1000g/10 minute, preferably more satisfactory 0.05～50g/10 minute scope.
Manufacture method as propylene copolymers among the present invention (B), be not particularly limited, but can propylene and other alpha-olefin copolymer be made by the alkene stereospecicity can be aggregated into the known catalyzer of isotaxy or syndiotactic structure, for example be the catalyzer of main component with solid titanium composition and organometallic compound or use under the condition of Metallocenic compound as the metalloscene catalyst of a kind of composition of catalyzer existing.Be preferably as follows described, by in the presence of metalloscene catalyst, making propylene, ethene and carbonatoms is that 4～20 alpha-olefin copolymer obtains, and for example can use the catalyzer of international open 2004-087775, for example the catalyzer of putting down in writing among the embodiment 1e to 5e of this specification sheets etc.
The propylene copolymers that propylene copolymers of the present invention (B) preferably also has following characteristic independently.
With
13The triad branch rate (mm divides rate) that C-NMR measures is preferably more than 85%, more preferably in 85～97.5% scope, and more preferably in 87～97% scope, the scope particularly preferably in 90～97%.Triad branch rate (mm divides rate) is when above-mentioned scope, because the balance excellence of flexible and physical strength, so be fit to the present invention.Mm branch rate can be used and walk to the method for putting down in writing 26 page of the 6th row from 21 page the 7th of the open 2004-087775 specification sheets in the world and measure.
The Xiao A hardness of propylene copolymers of the present invention (B) is not particularly limited, but usually in 30～80 scope, preferably in 35～75 scope.
And then, propylene copolymers among the present invention (B) is based on JIS K6301, use JIS3 dumbbell, be generally below the 4MPa with the stress (M100) of chuck spacing: 30mm, draw speed: 30mm/min when measuring 100% distortion that obtains down for 23 ℃, be preferably below the 3MPa, more preferably below the 2MPa.Propylene copolymers (B) is in above-mentioned scope the time, and flexible, the transparency, caoutchouc elasticity are excellent.
The degree of crystallinity that propylene copolymers among the present invention (B) is measured with X-ray diffraction is generally below 20%, is preferably 0～15%.In addition, the propylene copolymers among the present invention (B) has single second-order transition temperature, and the second-order transition temperature Tg that measures with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is usually below-10 ℃, preferably in the scope below-15 ℃.
The second-order transition temperature Tg of the propylene copolymers among the present invention (B) is in above-mentioned scope the time, winter hardiness, cold property excellence.
When there is fusing point (Tm, ℃) in the propylene copolymers among the present invention (B) in the endothermic curve of differential scanning type calorimeter (DSC), usually fusing heat △ H is below the 30J/g, and has following relational expression to set up usually in the relation of C3 content (mol%) and fusing heat △ H (J/g).
△ H＜345Ln (C3 content mol%)-1492
Wherein, when having fusing point, be generally 70 ≦ C3 content (mol%) ≦ 90.
(Mw/Mn is scaled polystyrene, Mw: weight-average molecular weight, Mn: number-average molecular weight) be preferably below 4.0, more preferably be below 3.0, more preferably below 2.5 to the molecular weight distribution that propylene copolymers among the present invention (B) is measured with GPC.
As the preferred concrete example of propylene copolymers of the present invention (B), can enumerate following propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (B-1).By using described propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (B-1), form solar cell sealing sheet material flexible and that the thermotolerance physical strength solar cell sealing transparency is good.So-called herein solar cell sealing is meant that good flexibility reduces the ratio of breaking of solar cell device (silion cell) when filling electrification component.
Propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (B-1) contains 45～92 moles of %, preferred 56～90 moles of %, more preferably 61～86 moles of % are from the structural unit of propylene, contain 5～25 moles of %, preferred 5～14 moles of %, more preferably 8～14 moles of % are from the structural unit of ethene, contain 3～30 moles of %, preferred 5～30 moles of %, more preferably 6～25 moles of % are the structural unit of 4～20 alpha-olefin from carbonatoms.Alpha-olefin is preferably 1-butylene especially.
Contain structural unit, be that the propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (B-1) of structural unit of 4～20 alpha-olefin is good with the intermiscibility of acronal (A) from the structural unit of ethene, from carbonatoms that with above-mentioned amount the performance of gained solar cell sealing sheet material is the transparency, flexibility, thermotolerance, traumatic resistance fully from propylene.
Thermoplastic resin composition and solar cell sealing sheet material
First thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is made up of following (A), (B) of following use level.
(A) acronal is 1～95 weight part, is preferably 5～80 weight parts, more preferably is 10～50 weight parts
(B) propylene copolymers is 5～99 weight parts, is preferably 20～95 weight parts, more preferably is 50～90 weight parts
Herein, total amount (A) and (B) is 100 weight parts.
Above-mentioned (A), (B) when above-mentioned scope, the good forming ability of sheet material, simultaneously the thermotolerance of the solar cell sealing sheet material of gained, the transparency, flexiblely become good, be fit to the present invention.
In addition, thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention preferably cooperates coupling agent as the adhesion promotor to glass, plastics etc. in above-mentioned (A), (B), because obtain being used for the solar cell sealing sheet material with glass and plastic bonding, so can preferably use.
The coupling agent that uses among the present invention (Y), as long as can improve contain thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention layer with contain other layer of the resin with polar group or contain the binding property of other layer of mineral compound such as above metal of 50 weight % or glass, can be not particularly limited to use, but preferably use each coupling agent of silicane, titanate ester, chromium class, especially preferably use silane coupling agent (silane coupling agent).Silane coupling agent can use known silane coupling agent, be not particularly limited, but specifically can use vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyl three ('beta '-methoxy Ethoxysilane), γ-glycidoxypropyltrime,hoxysilane, γ-An Jibingjisanyiyangjiguiwan etc.As the use level of silane coupling agent, reach (B) total amount 100 weight parts of propylene copolymers with respect to above-mentioned (A) of the present invention acronal, silane coupling agent is 0.1～5 weight part, is preferably 0.1～3 weight part.
In addition, by using organo-peroxide, can make coupling agent (Y) be grafted on (A) that constitute above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition or (B) in the state on any one at least exist.At this moment, with respect to above-mentioned (A) acronal and (B) total amount 100 weight parts of propylene copolymers, the amount of the coupling agent of use is preferably about 0.1～5 weight part.Use the thermoplastic resin composition of this silane grafting, also can obtain and the equal above binding property of mixed silanes coupling agent glass, plastics.
When using organo-peroxide, with respect to above-mentioned (A) and 100 weight parts of summation (B), for example can be with 0.001～5 weight part, preferably with the amount use organo-peroxide of 0.01～3 weight part.
As organo-peroxide; can use known organo-peroxide; be not particularly limited; but specifically can enumerate dilauroyl peroxide; caproic acid 1; 1; 3; 3-tetramethyl butyl peroxidation-2-ethyl ester; dibenzoyl peroxide; caproic acid tert-pentyl-peroxidation-2-ethyl ester; caproic acid tert-butyl hydroperoxide-2-ethyl ester; t-butylperoxy isobutylate; the peroxidation toxilic acid tert-butyl ester; 1; 1-two (t-amyl peroxy)-3; 3; the 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane; 1; 1-two (t-amyl peroxy) hexanaphthene; the different pelargonate of t-amyl peroxy; t-amyl peroxy n-caprylic acid ester; 1; 1-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide)-3; 3; the 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane; 1; 1-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) hexanaphthene; tert-butyl hydroperoxide sec.-propyl carbonic ether; tert-butyl hydroperoxide-2-ethylhexyl carbonic ether; 2; 5-dimethyl-2; 5-two (benzoyl peroxidation) hexane; tert-pentyl-peroxide benzoate; the tert-butyl hydroperoxide acetic ester; the different pelargonate of tert-butyl hydroperoxide; tert butyl peroxy benzoate; 2; 2-two (butyl peroxyization) butane; 4; the positive butyl ester of 4-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) butyric acid; methyl-ethyl-ketone peroxide; 3; 3-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) ethyl butyrate; dicumyl peroxide; tertiary butyl cumyl peroxide; two-tert-butyl peroxide; 1; 1; 3,3-tetramethyl butyl hydroperoxide; acetylacetone peroxide etc.
And then, can also use following auxiliary agent as required in the present invention.Example as auxiliary agent, particularly, preferred Sulfur, p-quinone dioxime, p, p '-dibenzoyl quininie dioxime, N-methyl-N-4-dinitrosoaniline, nitrosobenzene, vulkacit D, TriMethylolPropane(TMP)-N, the peroxide auxiliary agent of N '-meta-phenylene bismaleimide and so on; Perhaps Vinylstyrene, triallyl cyanurate (TAC), triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC).In addition, can enumerate multi-functional methacrylate monomer such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, allyl methacrylate(AMA), the multi-functional vinyl monomer of vinyl butyrate, stearic acid vinyl ester and so on etc.Wherein, preferred triallyl cyanurate (TAC), triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC).
In the present invention, preferably with the weight ratio [(auxiliary agent)/(organo-peroxide)] of auxiliary agent and organo-peroxide be 1/30～20/1,1/20～10/1 the amount of being preferably uses above-mentioned auxiliary agent.
First thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can be crosslinked, but preferably not crosslinked.The so-called herein crosslinked thermoplastic resin composition of being meant is below 0.04g/10 minute at the MFR under 230 ℃.
First thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is preferably more than 0.05g/10 minute at the MFR under 230 ℃.
Second thermoplastic resin composition
Second thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can followingly obtain: is the above-mentioned coupling agent (Y) of 0.1～5 weight part with the aforesaid propylene base polymer (A) of 1～95 weight % and the aforesaid propylene analog copolymer (B) of 5～99 weight % ((A) is 100 weight % with (B) summation) and with respect to (A) with (B) summation 100 weight parts, melting mixing in the presence of above-mentioned organo-peroxide and obtaining.For example can be by preparing composition more than 2 kinds in advance among (A), (B), (Y), resulting composition is used for melting mixing with organo-peroxide.Temperature with the organo-peroxide melting mixing is not particularly limited, but as long as more than the kick off temperature of organo-peroxide, the temperature of the less degree of above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition's thermal degradation when, for example is 140 ℃～300 ℃.
In addition, during melting mixing, can be at the composition beyond the scope of not damaging purpose of the present invention further contains above-mentioned (A), (B), (Y) composition.For example can contain the aftermentioned additive.
Second thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can be crosslinked, but preferably not crosslinked.The so-called herein crosslinked thermoplastic resin composition of being meant is below 0.04g/10 minute at the MFR under 230 ℃.
Second thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is preferably more than 0.05g/10 minute at the MFR under 230 ℃.
Various additives
In addition, in first thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention or second thermoplastic resin composition, cooperate other various additives.As described additive, for example can enumerate and be used for preventing by the UV light absorber of the UV-induced deterioration of sunlight, photostabilizer, antioxidant etc.
As UV light absorber, specifically can use 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxy benzophenone, 2, salicylate class UV light absorber such as benzotriazole category, salol, p-octylphenyl salicylate such as 2-dihydroxyl-4-methoxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyl group-4-carboxyl benzophenone, 2-hydroxyl-benzophenones such as 4-N-octyloxy benzophenone, 2-(2-hydroxyl-3,5-two-tert-butyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methyl base phenyl) benzotriazole.
As photostabilizer, can use hindered amine light stabilizer.In addition, as antioxidant, can use Hinered phenols or phosphorous acid esters antioxidant.
As first thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention or second thermoplastic resin composition, can preferably use the light transmittance of measuring laminated sheet (having smoothness as mold release film) back (transmittance) that adds of making thickness 0.5mm to be more than 86%, to be preferably the thermoplastic resin composition more than 88% by use PET film (eastern beautiful system trade(brand)name Lumirror) for example etc. on the two sides that adds laminated sheet.
In addition, first thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention or second thermoplastic resin composition's melt flow rate (MFR) (ASTM D1238,230 ℃, loading 2.16kg), be generally 0.05～1000g/10 minute, be preferably 0.1～900g/10 minute, more preferably 0.5～800g/10 minute.
In addition, in first thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention or second thermoplastic resin composition, fusion tension force (MT) is generally 0.5～10g, is preferably 1～10g, at this moment, and the formability excellence during solar cell sealing sheet forming of the present invention.Need to prove, following the trying to achieve of this fusion tension force (MT): with fusion tension tester [the smart mechanism of (strain) Japan is done made], under 200 ℃ of mensuration temperature, with the strand of extruding under 15mm/ minute the condition of certain speed (10m/ minute) tractive extruded velocity, with the tension force that this moment ultimate fibre applied as this fusion tension force (MT).
In first thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention or second thermoplastic resin composition, can be at other various additives of the range fit of not damaging the object of the invention.As described additive, for example can enumerate and be used for preventing by the UV light absorber of the UV-induced deterioration of sunlight, photostabilizer, antioxidant, heat-resisting stabilizing agent, anti-live agent, slipproofing agent, anti-hard caking agent, antifogging agent, transparent nucleater, lubricant (silicone oil etc.), pigment, dyestuff, softening agent, antiaging agent, hydrochloric acid absorbent etc.
Solar cell sealing sheet, solar cell
The sheet material of solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention for for example constituting by described first thermoplastic resin composition or second thermoplastic resin composition, thickness is not particularly limited, but the sheet material of preference such as thickness 0.1mm～3mm.When described thickness range, the less breakage that causes glass, solar module in the laminated operation, light transmittance, light generated energy aspect are also more satisfactory.
Forming method as solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be by moulding such as known extrusion moulding (cast molding, extrusion sheet moulding, inflation moulding, injection moulding etc.), compressed moulding, calendering formations.In addition, can implement embossing processing to sheet material, the surface by embossing processing decoration sheet material prevents the adhesion between the sheet material, and embossing becomes the buffering to glass, solar module when laminated, prevent described assembly breakage, so preferred.
Solar cell sealing sheet layer of the present invention is combined in the one side and/or the two sides of electrification component, and, can be used as solar cell thus and use as required at the surperficial laminated sealer of described solar cell sealing sheet material.One of scheme that is suitable for the solar cell sealing sheet material is illustrated in Fig. 5.
Method as the moulding solar cell; also be not particularly limited; but for example can obtain by following method: laminated in turn sealer, solar cell device and solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention make it add hot pressing to obtain by vacuumizing etc.
The sealer that is used for the surface and the back side of solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention; also be not particularly limited; as long as can protect solar cell and the layer that constitutes by the solar cell sealing sheet material, not damage purpose, can use material known as solar cell.Concrete example as the material that forms sealer; can enumerate glass and polyvinyl resin; acrylic resin; cyclic polyolefin resin; AS (acrylonitrile-styrene) resin; ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)) resin; polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS; fluorine-type resin; polyethylene terephthalate; vibrin such as PEN; resol; the polyacrylic acid resinoid; polyamide resins such as various nylon; polyimide resin; polyamide-imide resin; urethane resin; cellulosic resin; silicone based resin; polycarbonate resins etc. can also use multiple above-mentioned resin.In addition, in order to improve the barrier property of gas moisture, the inorganic/organic hybrid films that can also preferably utilize evaporation inorganic oxide etc. to obtain.
In order to improve between above-mentioned sealer and solar cell sealing sheet layer of the present invention or the bounding force of a plurality of surface protection interlayers, known tackiness agent and resin of binding property layer can also be set.In addition, by implementing the scheme of solar cell of the present invention, the one side of above-mentioned sealer can have the opacifying property light reflective.
The 3rd thermoplastic resin composition
(AA) acronal
As the acronal that uses among the present invention (AA), can enumerate alfon or propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene and be the multipolymer that 2～20 alpha-olefin forms.Herein, it as the carbonatoms except that propylene 2～20 alpha-olefin, can enumerate ethene, 1-butylene, 1-amylene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecylene, tetradecene, cetene, 1-vaccenic acid, 1-eicosylene etc., but preferably use and ethene or carbonatoms are the multipolymer that 4～10 alpha-olefin forms in the present invention.
In polypropylene, can with 35 moles below the %, preferably contain by described alpha-olefin derived structural unit with 20 moles of ratios below the %.In addition, can contain more than 2 kinds structural unit from the alpha-olefin beyond the propylene.
Above-mentioned alpha-olefin can form random copolymers with propylene, can also form segmented copolymer, but can preferably use the product that forms random copolymers in the present invention.
In the present invention, as mentioned above, preferred propylene carbonatoms is the random copolymers of 2～20 alpha-olefin (but except propylene), at this moment, content from the structural unit of alpha-olefin is preferably 1～7.5 mole of %, more preferably is 2～7 moles of %, more preferably 2.5～6.5 moles of %.
In addition, the melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) that acronal (AA) is measured under 230 ℃, loading 2.16kg based on ASTM D1238 was 0.01～1000g/10 minute scope, and is preferably more satisfactory 0.05～100g/10 minute scope.
Acronal of the present invention (AA) is more than 80 ℃ below 140 ℃ with the fusing point (peak of the endothermic curve of the watery fusion of expression acronal) of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) observation, more preferably is 110～140 ℃, more preferably 110～135 ℃.The DSC condition determination of confirming fusing point and fusing heat is as be shown in the examples.
And then the molecular weight distribution that acronal of the present invention (AA) is obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is below 3, preferably in 1～2.7 scope, more preferably in 1.8～2.5 scope.
By using fusing point and the molecular weight distribution acronal of the present invention (AA) in above-mentioned scope, near the temperature heating that can obtain (AA) fusing point (promptly about 150 ℃) does not produce the thermoplastic resin composition of gonorrhoea yet.Its reason is not determined as yet, but a kind of supposition is thought may be relevant with following situation, promptly, because acronal (AA) forms by having the uniform molecule of forming distribution etc., so the crystallization speed homogeneous of predictive molecule, near fusing point (promptly about 150 ℃) when heating molten state molecular crystal the time platelet that forms and domain size also homogeneous.
Acronal of the present invention (AA) can use any one in isotactic structure, the syndiotactic structure as long as mix well with aftermentioned propylene copolymers (BB).In addition, can use multiple acronal (AA) as required simultaneously, for example can also use the different composition more than 2 kinds of fusing point or rigidity.
Described acronal (AA) for example can be by using with the metallocene catalyst system of Metallocenic compound as a kind of composition of catalyzer, makes propylene polymerization or make propylene and other alpha-olefin copolymer and obtaining.
As the metalloscene catalyst that uses, can enumerate by the known Metallocenic compound that can make alpha-olefine polymerizing and Organoaluminoxy compound and/or the metalloscene catalyst that can constitute with the right compound of Metallocenic compound reacting forming ion, preferably can carry out the stereospecicity polymeric metalloscene catalyst of isotaxy or syndiotactic structure etc.For example can use the world No. 27124 specification sheetss of open calendar year 2001 or spy to open the catalyzer of putting down in writing in the 2006-52313 communique makes.During as copolymerization and the preferred concrete example of the alpha-olefin that together uses of propylene, can enumerate ethene, 1-butylene, 1-amylene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene etc.
(BB) propylene copolymers
Propylene copolymers of the present invention (BB) is the multipolymer of 2～20 alpha-olefin formation for propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene, Xiao A hardness is 30～80, be preferably 35～70, and be lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter DSC observation.Herein, what is called does not observe fusing point and is meant that not observing the watery fusion heat-150～200 ℃ scope is watery fusion peak more than the 1J/g.Condition determination is as be shown in the examples.
In the propylene copolymers of the present invention (BB), alpha-olefin optimal ethylene that uses as comonomer and/or carbonatoms are 4～20 alpha-olefin.
Propylene copolymers of the present invention (BB) contains the propylene units of 45～92 moles of %, preferred 56～90 moles of %, as the content of the alpha-olefin of comonomer at 8～55 moles of %, preferably in the scope of 10～44 moles of %.
The melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) that propylene copolymers of the present invention (BB) is measured under 230 ℃, loading 2.16kg based on ASTM D1238 was at 0.01～1000g/10 minute, preferably more satisfactory 0.05～50g/10 minute scope.
Manufacture method as propylene copolymers among the present invention (BB), be not particularly limited, but can by the alkene stereospecicity can be aggregated into isotaxy or syndiotactic structure known catalyzer, for example with solid titanium composition and organometallic compound be the catalyzer of main component or use Metallocenic compound as the metalloscene catalyst of a kind of composition of catalyzer in the presence of, propylene and other alpha-olefin copolymer are made.Be preferably as follows described, by in the presence of metalloscene catalyst, making propylene, ethene and carbonatoms is that 4～20 alpha-olefin copolymer obtains, and for example can use the catalyzer of international open 2004-087775, for example the catalyzer of putting down in writing among the embodiment 1e to 5e of this specification sheets etc.
The propylene copolymers that propylene copolymers of the present invention (BB) preferably also has following characteristic independently.
With
13The triad branch rate (mm branch rate) that C-NMR measures is preferably more than 85%, more preferably in 85～97.5% scope, and more preferably in 87～97% scope, the scope particularly preferably in 90～97%.Triad branch rate (mm divides rate) is when above-mentioned scope, and so the balance excellence of particularly flexible and physical strength is suitable the present invention.Mm branch rate can use 21 page of the 7th method that walks to 26 page of the 6th row record of the open 2004-087775 specification sheets from the world to measure.
The Xiao A hardness of propylene copolymers of the present invention (BB) is not particularly limited, but usually 30～80, preferably in 35～75 scope.
And then, propylene copolymers among the present invention (BB) is based on JIS K6301, use JIS3 dumbbell, be generally below the 4MPa with the stress (M100) of chuck spacing: 30mm, draw speed: 30mm/min when measuring 100% distortion that obtains down for 23 ℃, be preferably below the 3MPa, more preferably below the 2MPa.Propylene copolymers (BB) is in above-mentioned scope the time, and flexible, the transparency, caoutchouc elasticity are excellent.
The degree of crystallinity that propylene copolymers among the present invention (BB) is measured with X-ray diffraction is generally below 20%, is preferably 0～15%.In addition, the propylene copolymers among the present invention (BB) has single second-order transition temperature, and the second-order transition temperature Tg that measures with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) usually below-10 ℃, preferably more satisfactory in the scope below-15 ℃.
The second-order transition temperature Tg of the propylene copolymers among the present invention (BB) is in above-mentioned scope the time, winter hardiness, cold property excellence.
There is fusing point (Tm in propylene copolymers among the present invention (BB) in the endothermic curve of differential scanning type calorimeter (DSC), ℃) time, usually fusing heat △ H is below the 30J/g, and has following relational expression to set up in the relation of C3 content (mol%) and fusing heat △ H (J/g).
△ H＜345Ln (C3 content mol%)-1492
But this moment, 76 ≦ C3 content (mol%) ≦ 90.
(Mw/Mn is scaled polystyrene, Mw: weight-average molecular weight, Mn: number-average molecular weight) be preferably below 4.0, more preferably be below 3.0, more preferably below 2.5 to the molecular weight distribution of measuring with GPC of the propylene copolymers among the present invention (BB).
As the preferred concrete example of propylene copolymers of the present invention (BB), can enumerate following propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1).By using described propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1), form solar cell sealing sheet material flexible and that the thermotolerance physical strength solar cell sealing transparency is good.So-called herein solar cell sealing is meant that good flexibility reduces the ratio of breaking of solar cell device (silion cell) when filling electrification component.
Propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1) contains 45～92 moles of %, preferred 56～90 moles of %, more preferably 61～86 moles of % are from the structural unit of propylene, contain 5～25 moles of %, preferred 5～14 moles of %, more preferably 8～14 moles of % are from the structural unit of ethene, contain 3～30 moles of %, preferred 5～30 moles of %, more preferably 6～25 moles of % are the structural unit of 4～20 alpha-olefin from carbonatoms.Alpha-olefin is preferably 1-butylene especially.
Contain structural unit, be the propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1) of the structural unit of 4～20 alpha-olefin from the structural unit of ethene, from carbonatoms with above-mentioned amount from propylene, become good with the intermiscibility of acronal (AA), the solar cell sealing sheet material performance of gained is the transparency, flexibility, thermotolerance, traumatic resistance fully.
The 3rd thermoplastic resin composition, and solar cell sealing sheet material
The 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is made of following (AA), (BB) of following use level.
(AA) acronal is 1～95 weight part, is preferably 5～80 weight parts, more preferably is 10～50 weight parts
(BB) propylene copolymers is 5～99 weight parts, is preferably 20～95 weight parts, more preferably is 50～90 weight parts
(AA) and total amount (BB) are 100 weight parts herein.
Above-mentioned (AA), (BB) when preferable range, the good forming ability of sheet material, simultaneously the thermotolerance of the solar cell sealing sheet material of gained, the transparency, flexiblely become good, be fit to the present invention.
In addition, thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention cooperates the thermoplastic resin composition of coupling agent conduct to the adhesion promotor of glass, plastics etc. in above-mentioned (AA), (BB), because obtain being used for the solar cell sealing sheet material with glass and plastic bonding, so can preferably use.
The coupling agent that uses among the present invention (Y), need only and to improve the binding property that contains thermoplastic resin composition's of the present invention layer and other layer that contains resin or contain other layer of mineral compound such as metal or glass with the amount more than the 50 weight % with polar group, can use with being not particularly limited, but preferably use each coupling agent of silicane, titanate ester, chromium class, especially preferably use silane coupling agent (silane coupling agent).Silane coupling agent can use known silane coupling agent, be not particularly limited, but particularly can use vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyl three ('beta '-methoxy Ethoxysilane), γ-glycidoxypropyltrime,hoxysilane, γ-An Jibingjisanyiyangjiguiwan etc.As the use level of silane coupling agent, reach (BB) total amount 100 weight parts of propylene copolymers with respect to above-mentioned (AA) of the present invention acronal, silane coupling agent is 0.1～5 weight part, is preferably 0.1～3 weight part.
In addition, also can be by using organo-peroxide, make coupling agent with (AA) that constitute above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition or (BB) any one carries out graft reaction at least.
At this moment, with respect to above-mentioned (AA) acronal and (BB) total amount 100 weight parts of propylene copolymers, coupling dosage is preferably about 0.1～5 weight part.Use the thermoplastic resin composition of this silane grafting, also can obtain and the equal above binding property of mixed silanes coupling agent glass, plastics.
And then, can also use following auxiliary agent as required in the present invention.Example as auxiliary agent, particularly preferred Sulfur, p-quinone dioxime, p, p '-dibenzoyl quininie dioxime, N-methyl-N-4-dinitrosoaniline, nitrosobenzene, vulkacit D, TriMethylolPropane(TMP)-N, N '-meta-phenylene bismaleimide and so on peroxide auxiliary agent; Perhaps Vinylstyrene, triallyl cyanurate (TAC), triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC).In addition, can enumerate multi-functional methacrylate monomer such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, allyl methacrylate(AMA), vinyl butyrate, stearic acid vinyl ester and so on multi-functional vinyl monomer etc.Wherein, preferred triallyl cyanurate (TAC), triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC).
In the present invention, preferably with the weight ratio [(auxiliary agent)/(organo-peroxide)] of auxiliary agent and organo-peroxide be 1/30～20/1,1/20～10/1 the amount of being preferably uses above-mentioned auxiliary agent
Thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can be crosslinked, but preferably not crosslinked.The so-called herein crosslinked thermoplastic resin composition of being meant is below 0.04g/10 minute at the MFR under 230 ℃.
Organo-peroxide can use known organo-peroxide; be not particularly limited; but specifically can enumerate dilauroyl peroxide; caproic acid 1; 1; 3; 3-tetramethyl butyl peroxidation-2-ethyl ester; dibenzoyl peroxide; caproic acid tert-pentyl-peroxidation-2-ethyl ester; caproic acid tert-butyl hydroperoxide-2-ethyl ester; t-butylperoxy isobutylate; the peroxidation toxilic acid tert-butyl ester; 1; 1-two (t-amyl peroxy)-3; 3; the 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane; 1; 1-two (t-amyl peroxy) hexanaphthene; the different pelargonate of t-amyl peroxy; t-amyl peroxy n-caprylic acid ester; 1; 1-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide)-3; 3; the 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane; 1; 1-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) hexanaphthene; tert-butyl hydroperoxide sec.-propyl carbonic ether; tert-butyl hydroperoxide-2-ethylhexyl carbonic ether; 2; 5-dimethyl-2; 5-two (benzoyl peroxidation) hexane; tert-pentyl-peroxide benzoate; the tert-butyl hydroperoxide acetic ester; the different pelargonate of tert-butyl hydroperoxide; tert butyl peroxy benzoate; 2; 2-two (butyl peroxyization) butane; 4; the positive butyl ester of 4-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) butyric acid; methyl-ethyl-ketone peroxide; 3; 3-two (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) ethyl butyrate; dicumyl peroxide; tertiary butyl cumyl peroxide; two-tert-butyl peroxide; 1; 1; 3,3-tetramethyl butyl hydroperoxide; acetylacetone peroxide etc.
In addition, in thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, cooperate other various additives.As described additive, for example can be for being used for preventing by the UV light absorber of the UV-induced deterioration of sunlight, photostabilizer, antioxidant etc.
As UV light absorber, specifically can use 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxy benzophenone, 2, salicylate classes such as benzotriazole category, salol, p-octylphenyl salicylate such as 2-dihydroxyl-4-methoxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyl group-4-carboxyl benzophenone, 2-hydroxyl-benzophenones such as 4-N-octyloxy benzophenone, 2-(2-hydroxyl-3,5-two-tert-butyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methyl base phenyl) benzotriazole.
As photostabilizer, use hindered amine light stabilizer.In addition, as antioxidant, use Hinered phenols or phosphorous acid esters antioxidant.
As the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, can preferably use make thickness 0.5mm to add the light transmittance of measuring laminated sheet (having smoothness as mold release film by use PET film (eastern beautiful system trade(brand)name Lumirror) for example etc. on the two sides that adds laminated sheet) back (transmittance) be more than 86%, be preferably the thermoplastic resin composition more than 88%.
In addition, the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition's of the present invention melt flow rate (MFR) (ASTMD1238,230 ℃, loading 2.16kg) is generally 0.05～1000g/10 minute, is preferably 0.1～900g/10 minute, more preferably 0.5～800g/10 minute.
In addition, in the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, fusion tension force (MT) is generally 0.5～10g, is preferably 1～10g, at this moment, and the formability excellence during with solar cell sealing sheet forming of the present invention.Need to prove, following the trying to achieve of this fusion tension force (MT): with fusion tension tester [the smart mechanism of (strain) Japan is done made], under 200 ℃ of mensuration temperature, with the strand of extruding under 15mm/ minute the condition of certain speed (10m/ minute) tractive extruded velocity, with the tension force that this moment ultimate fibre applied as this fusion tension force (MT).
In the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, can be at other various additives of the range fit of not damaging the object of the invention.As described additive, for example can enumerate and be used for preventing by the UV light absorber of the UV-induced deterioration of sunlight, photostabilizer, antioxidant, heat-resisting stabilizing agent, anti-live agent, slipproofing agent, anti-hard caking agent, antifogging agent, transparent nucleater, lubricant (silicone oil etc.), pigment, dyestuff, softening agent, antiaging agent, hydrochloric acid absorbent etc.
Solar cell sealing sheet, solar cell
Solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention is the sheet material of thickness 0.1mm～3mm of for example being made of above-mentioned the 3rd thermoplastic resin composition.Be above-mentioned thickness when following, cause the breakage of glass, solar module in the laminated operation easily and not preferred.In addition, be above-mentioned thickness when above, light transmittance is low, the light generated energy is low, so not preferred.
Forming method as solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be by moulding such as known extrusion moulding (cast molding, extrusion sheet moulding, inflation moulding, injection moulding etc.), compressed moulding, calendering formations.In addition, can implement embossing processing to sheet material, thereby because the surface by embossing processing decoration sheet material prevents the adhesion between the sheet material, and embossing becomes the buffering to glass, solar module when laminated, prevent described assembly breakage, so preferred
By solar cell sealing sheet layer of the present invention being combined in the one side and/or the two sides of electrification component, and, can be used as solar cell and use as required at the surperficial laminated sealer of above-mentioned solar cell sealing sheet material.One of scheme that is suitable for the solar cell sealing sheet material is illustrated in Fig. 5.
Method as the moulding solar cell also is not particularly limited, but for example can be by laminated sealer, solar cell device and solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention in turn, makes it add the method for hot pressing and obtains through vacuumizing etc.
Being used for the surface of solar cell sealing sheet material of the present invention and the sealer at the back side also is not particularly limited; as long as can protect solar cell and the layer of forming by the solar cell sealing sheet material, not damage purpose, can use material known as solar cell.Concrete example as the material that forms sealer; can enumerate glass; and polyvinyl resin; acrylic resin; cyclic polyolefin resin; AS (acrylonitrile-styrene) resin; ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)) resin; polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS; fluorine-type resin; polyethylene terephthalate; vibrin such as PEN; resol; the polyacrylic acid resinoid; polyamide resins such as various nylon; polyimide resin; polyamide-imide resin; urethane resin; cellulosic resin; silicone based resin; polycarbonate resins etc. can also use multiple above-mentioned resin.In addition, in order to improve the barrier property of gas moisture, also can preferably utilize inorganic/organic hybrid films that evaporations such as inorganic oxide are obtained.
In order to improve between described sealer and solar cell sealing sheet layer of the present invention or the bounding force of a plurality of surface protection interlayers, known tackiness agent and resin of binding property layer can also be set.In addition, by implementing the scheme of solar cell of the present invention, can make the one side of above-mentioned sealer have the photostabilization light reflective.
Embodiment
Below enumerate embodiment and illustrate in greater detail the present invention.
Assessment item:
1.MFR
Based on ASTM D1238, be determined at the MFR under 190 ℃ or 230 ℃, the 2.16kg loading.
2. transparent (transmittance)
In hexalin,, and use illuminant-C with Japanese electric look industry (strain) system electronic nephelometer " NDH-2000 ", to make of the method putting down in writing among the embodiment add laminated sheet (blank) and the samples of sheets (reheat) of pressurizeing is measured.Calculate light transmittance values by following formula.
Transmittance (%)=100 * (total transmission light quantity)/(incident light quantity)
3. outward appearance (having or not of gonorrhoea)
Adding in laminated sheet (blank) and the pressurization samples of sheets (reheat) that the method that affirmation is put down in writing in embodiment is made has or not gonorrhoea.
O: no gonorrhoea, △: can see slightly gonorrhoea, *: gonorrhoea is arranged
4. thermotolerance (simulated assembly has or not mobile)
To keep 1000 hours with the state that becomes 60 ° of inclinations with level in 90 ℃ baking oven with sample with the oven test that the method for putting down in writing among the embodiment is made, estimate oven test and have or not mobile with simulated assembly in the sample.
5. with the binding property (bond strength) of glass
The bonding glass test sample that use is made by the method for putting down in writing among the embodiment is estimated the bond strength with glass.
The starting material that use among the present invention:
Acronal (A):
(A-1) metallocenes isotactic propylene base polymer (mPP)
Use acronal (Japan PolypropyleneCorporation system WINTEC (registered trademark) trade name: WFX4T) of fusing point=125 ℃, MFR (230 ℃)=7g/10 minute, vicat softening temperature=113 ℃, modulus in tension=960MPa.
(A-2) isotactic propylene base polymer (PP1)
Use acronal (Puriman Polymer Co., Ltd's system trade name: F327) of MFR (230 ℃)=7g/10 minute, fusing point=140 ℃, vicat softening temperature=123 ℃, modulus in tension=1080MPa.
(A-3) isotactic propylene base polymer (PP2)
Use acronal (Puriman Polymer Co., Ltd's system trade name: F337D) of MFR (230 ℃)=7g/10 minute, fusing point=132 ℃, vicat softening temperature=115 ℃, modulus in tension=910MPa.
(A-4) isotactic propylene base polymer (PP3)
Use acronal (the Mitsui Chemicals system trade name: XR-110T) of MFR (230 ℃)=7g/10 minute, fusing point=110 ℃, vicat softening temperature=85 ℃, modulus in tension=380MPa.
The rerum natura of each acronal (A) that uses among [table 1] embodiment
Propylene copolymers (B)
(B) propylene butene ethylene atactic copolymer (iPBER)
Ethylene content=14.0 mole %, 1-butylene content=20 mole %, MFR (230 ℃)=8.5g/10 minute, fusing point=do not observe, molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn)=2.0, Xiao A hardness=38, mm value=90%.
Need to prove that the propylene and ethylene butene-1 copolymer that uses among the present invention obtains in order to following method.
In the 2000mL poly-unit after fully having carried out the nitrogen displacement, behind the dry normal hexane of the 917mL that packs at normal temperatures, 90g 1-butylene and the triisobutyl aluminium (1.0mmol), the interior temperature of poly-unit is warming up to 65 ℃, use simultaneously propylene with intrasystem exert pressure to 0.77MPa, with the pressure in the ethene Adjustment System to 0.79MPa.Then, the toluene solution (eastern Cao's fine chemistry industry corporate system) that mixes dimethylated methylene base (the 3-tertiary butyl-5-methyl cyclopentadienyl) fluorenyl zirconium dichloride and methylaluminoxane (methyl aluminoxane), modulation contains the toluene solution of aluminium atom and zirconium atom with the ratio of aluminium atom/zirconium atom=300/1 (mol ratio), get this toluene solution of the amount (thereby the amount that contains 0.6mmol aluminium atom is) that wherein contains the 0.002mmol zirconium atom then, add in the polymerizer, keeping system's internal pressure with ethene under 65 ℃ of interior temperature is 0.79MPa, polymerization simultaneously 20 minutes, the methyl alcohol that adds 20mL stops polymerization.After the release, in the methyl alcohol of 2L, from polymeric solution, separate out polymkeric substance, under vacuum, 130 ℃, dry 12 hours.The polymkeric substance that obtains is 60.4g.
(C) ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)
Density=950kg/m
3, vinyl acetate content=28wt%, MFR (190 ℃)=15g/10 minute, fusing point=71 ℃
(M) photostabilizer (HALS) Seesorb102
(N) UV light absorber Sanol 770
(X) silane coupling agent (VMMS)
3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (VMMS), eastern beautiful DOW CORNING system SZ-6030.
(Y) organo-peroxide (PH25B)
Dioxane fundamental mode superoxide (PERHEXA25B (Japanese grease system))
(Z) auxiliary agent (TAIC)
Triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) [trade(brand)name M-60 (TAIC content 60%), Japan change into (strain) system] 0.2 weight part (promptly counting 0.12 weight part) with TAIC content
The physical property measurement method of above-mentioned raw materials:
(1) the affirmation fusing point reaches and is having or not heat absorption more than 140 ℃
1-1) fusing point
Obtain the heat release endothermic curve of DSC, the temperature of the maximum melting hump position during with intensification is as Tm.Measure following carrying out: with the sample aluminium dish of packing into, (i) be warming up to 200 ℃, and after 200 ℃ keep 5 minutes down, (ii) be cooled to-150 ℃, (iii) be warming up to 200 ℃ then with 20 ℃/minute with 20 ℃/minute with 100 ℃/minute.This (iii) in the temperature of observed endotherm(ic)peak be fusing point Tm.
1-2) confirm having or not heat absorption (referring to Fig. 1) more than 140 ℃
Dry aluminum oxide is packed into and above-mentioned 1-1) prepare reference substance in the identical aluminium dish, with this state at above-mentioned 1-1) described in condition under measure, in the endothermic curve that in (iii), obtains, the following reading that reads length axis (heat).
D
Top=in the value of the length axis of the peak position of fusing point (peak melting point)
D
140℃=140 ℃ of values of locating length axis
D
150℃=150 ℃ of values of locating length axis
Calculate with undefined D1, D2 by above-mentioned value, confirm whether to satisfy formula (1).
D1＝D
top-D
150℃
D2＝D
140℃-D
150℃
D2/D1 ≦ 0.05 formula (1)
(2) comonomer (ethene, 1-butylene) content
By
13The C-NMR spectrum resolution is tried to achieve.
(3)MFR
Based on ASTM D1238, be determined at the MFR under 190 ℃ or 230 ℃, the 2.16kg loading.
(4) vicat softening temperature
Measure based on ASTM D1525.
(5) density
Density is measured according to the method for putting down in writing among the ASTM1505.
(6) Xiao A hardness
Use the samples of sheets of 2mm thickness, at room temperature through after 48 hours,, after the pressing contact, directly read scale (based on ASTM D2240) after the mensuration with A type tester.
(7-1) modulus in tension (acronal (A))
Use is measured in 23 ℃ under chuck spacing: 80mm, draw speed: 200mm/min based on JIS K7113-2 number dumbbell.The sample of this moment is the laminated sheet that adds of following formation, promptly at the mould that is made of SUS of upper and lower settings thickness 4mm, carries out heat/pressure under 190 ℃, with its with 20 ℃ cooler condenser quenching moulding after, through the laminated sheet that adds of formation more than 72 hours.
(7-2) modulus in tension (propylene copolymers (B))
Based on JIS K6301, use JIS3 dumbbell, under chuck spacing: 30mm, draw speed: 200mm/min, measure in 23 ℃.
The sample of this moment carries out heat/pressure for the mould that is made of SUS at upper and lower settings thickness 4mm under 190 ℃, it is added laminated sheet with what 20 ℃ cooler condenser quenching moulding obtained.
(8) molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn)
Use GPC (gel permeation chromatography), measure under the orthodichlorobenzene solvent (moving phase), 140 ℃ of column temperatures and (be scaled polystyrene, Mw: weight-average molecular weight, Mn: number-average molecular weight).Particularly, use the Waters society system gel permeation chromatograph Alliance GPC-2000 following determining molecular weight distribution of type (Mw/Mn).Separator column is 2 TSKgelGNH6-HT and 2 TSKgel GNH6-HTL, the post size is diameter 7.5mm, length 300mm, 140 ℃ of column temperatures, moving phase is used orthodichlorobenzene (with the pure pharmaceutical worker's industry of light), use 0.025 weight %BHT (military field medicine) as antioxidant, it was flowed with 1.0ml/ minute, sample solution concentration is 15mg/10ml, the sample injection rate is 500 microlitres, uses differential refractometer as detector.For polystyrene standard, molecular weight is Mw＜1000, and Mw＞4 * 10
6The time use eastern Cao's corporate system polystyrene standard, molecular weight is 1000≤Mw≤4 * 10
6The time use Pressure Chemical corporate system polystyrene.
The evaluation of the hot laminating suitability under the low temperature:
[embodiment 1,2,3, comparative example 1,2]
The feedstock composition that will be made of the proportioning of record in the table 2 drops among the Labo plastomill (the smart mechanism of Japan) mixing (190 ℃, 3 minutes, 40rpm) simultaneously, obtains the thermoplastic resin composition.This thermoplastic resin composition is with pressure forming machine (190 ℃, 7 minutes postcooling of heating use Teflon (registered trademark) sheet material (300 μ m) as mold release film) processing, and that makes 0.5mm adds laminated sheet (blank).
And then, this is added laminated sheet (blank) heat the pressurization samples of sheets (reheat) that 10 minutes (in the mould that uses at first, similarly using Teflon (registered trademark) sheet material as mold release film when 190 ℃ of compacted unders add laminated sheet) obtains 0.5mm with pressure forming machine down at 150 ℃, 160 ℃ once more.The MFR of above-mentioned sheet material, light transmittance and have or not the evaluation result of gonorrhoea to be shown in table 2.
[comparative example 3]
The material resin composition of putting down in writing in the table 2 is dropped into Labo plastomill (the smart mechanism of Japan) simultaneously carry out mixing (110 ℃, 3 minutes, 40rpm), obtain the thermoplastic resin composition.With pressure forming machine (120 ℃) processing, that makes 0.5mm adds laminated sheet (blank) with this thermoplastic resin composition.
In addition, this is added laminated sheet further use same pressure forming machine to heat 20 minutes down, obtain the pressurization samples of sheets (reheat) of 0.5mm at 150 ℃, 160 ℃.The MFR of described sample, light transmittance and have or not the evaluation result of gonorrhoea to be shown in table 2.
[table 2-1]
※ 1: weight part: with respect to the use level of total amount 100 weight parts of A～C composition
※ 2: embodiment 1,2 is 10 minutes
[table 2-2]
[table 2-1 is continuous]
※ 1: weight part: with respect to the use level of total amount 100 weight parts of A～C composition
※ 2: comparative example 1,2, embodiment 3 are 10 minutes, and comparative example 3 is 20 minutes
Even can confirm by the result of table 2 that the thermoplastic resin composition of the application of the invention heats at low temperatures gonorrhoea not taking place yet, can access transparent sheet material.In addition, resin flow does not have impaired.
The evaluation of thermotolerance, bonding glass:
[embodiment 11]
That uses 2 0.5mm of making of method by record among the embodiment 1 adds laminated sheet (190 ℃ of moulding), sealing is as the aluminium sheet of 300 μ m of simulated assembly, PET (white) film of the sheet glass of laminated 3mmt, 50 μ m thereon then, heat laminated (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make oven test sample (Fig. 6), in addition the sheet glass of 3mmt and the laminated sheet zone of heating that adds of 1 0.5mm are closed (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make bonding glass test sample (Fig. 7).
Its evaluation result is shown in table 3.
[comparative example 11]
That uses 2 0.5mm of making of method by record in the comparative example 1 adds laminated sheet (140 ℃ of moulding), sealing is as the aluminium sheet of 300 μ m of simulated assembly, PET (white) film of the sheet glass of laminated 3mmt, 50 μ m thereon then, heat laminated (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make oven test sample (Fig. 6), in addition the sheet glass of 3mmt and the laminated sheet zone of heating that adds of 1 0.5mm are closed (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make bonding glass test sample (Fig. 7).
Its evaluation result is shown in table 3.
[table 3]
※ 1: weight part: with respect to the use level of total amount 100 weight parts of A～C composition
Result by table 3 can confirm, the thermoplastic resin composition of the application of the invention needn't diminish the crosslinked of Resin Flow, has sufficient thermotolerance simultaneously aspect practical, in addition, thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention presents sufficient bonding glass intensity aspect practical.
[embodiment 4,5, reference example 1]
In embodiment 4,5, use acronal (A-5) as acronal (AA).As a reference example 1, use acronal (A-6).
Acronal (AA):
(A-5) metallocenes isotaxy Atactic Polypropelene (mPP)
Fusing point=125 ℃, MFR (230 ℃)=7g/10 minute, Mw/Mn=2.1, ethylene content=4.6 mole %, mm=95%, this acronal (A-5) is by in the presence of metalloscene catalyst, propylene and ethylene copolymer are obtained, described metalloscene catalyst is for having made up the catalyzer of diphenylmethylene (the 3-tertiary butyl-5-methyl cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-two-tertiary butyl fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride and methylaluminoxane.
(A-6) isotaxy Atactic Polypropelene (rPP)
MFR (230 ℃)=7g/10 minute, fusing point=140 ℃, Mw/Mn=4.8, mm=97%.
The raw material that will be made of the proportioning of record in the table 4 drops into simultaneously among the Labo plastomill (the smart mechanism of Japan) and carries out mixing (190 ℃, 3 minutes, 40rpm), obtains the thermoplastic resin composition.This thermoplastic resin composition processes with pressure forming machine (190 ℃, 7 minutes postcooling of heating use the beautiful system Lumirror in east (100 μ m) as mold release film), and making 0.5mm adds laminated sheet (blank).
In addition, this is added laminated sheet further use same pressure forming machine, obtain the sample of 0.5mm 150 ℃, 160 ℃ heating 10 minutes (in the mould that when 190 ℃ initial moulding adds laminated sheet down, uses) down.The MFR of described sample, light transmittance and have or not the evaluation result of gonorrhoea to be shown in table 4.
[comparative example 4]
The raw material that to put down in writing in table 4 drops into simultaneously among the Labo plastomill (the smart mechanism of Japan) and carries out mixing (110 ℃, 3 minutes, 40rpm), obtains the thermoplastic resin composition.This thermoplastic resin composition is processed with pressure forming machine (140 ℃), and that makes 0.5mm adds laminated sheet (blank).
In addition, this is added laminated sheet heated 20 minutes down at 150 ℃, 160 ℃, obtain the samples of sheets of 0.5mm with same pressure forming machine.The MFR of described sample, light transmittance and have or not the evaluation result of gonorrhoea to be shown in table 4.
[table 4]
※ 1: weight part: with respect to the use level of total amount 100 weight parts of A～C composition
※ 2: embodiment 4,5, reference example 1 are 10 minutes, and comparative example 4 is 20 minutes
Even the result by table 4 can confirm that the thermoplastic resin composition of the application of the invention can obtain non-crosslinked and heat the transparent sheet material that does not also produce gonorrhoea at low temperatures.
The evaluation of thermotolerance, bonding glass:
[embodiment 41]
That uses 2 0.5mm of making of method by record among the embodiment 4 adds laminated sheet (190 ℃ of moulding), sealing is as the aluminium sheet of 300 μ m of simulated assembly, PET (white) film of the sheet glass of laminated 3mmt, 50 μ m thereon then, heat laminated (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make oven test sample (Fig. 6), in addition the sheet glass of 3mmt and the laminated sheet zone of heating that adds of 1 0.5mm are closed (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make bonding glass test sample (Fig. 7).
Its evaluation result is shown in table 5.
[comparative example 41]
That uses 2 0.5mm of making of method by record in the comparative example 4 adds laminated sheet (140 ℃ of moulding), sealing is as the aluminium sheet of 300 μ m of simulated assembly, PET (white) film of the sheet glass of laminated 3mmt, 50 μ m thereon then, heat laminated (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make oven test sample (Fig. 6), in addition the sheet glass of 3mmt and the laminated sheet zone of heating that adds of 1 0.5mm are closed (150 ℃, 10 minutes, 1 normal atmosphere), make bonding glass test sample (Fig. 7).
Its evaluation result is shown in table 5.
[table 5]
※ 1: weight part: with respect to the use level of total amount 100 weight parts of A～C composition
Result by table 5 can confirm, the thermoplastic resin composition of the application of the invention can realize sufficient thermotolerance and bonding glass intensity aspect practical.
Claims (14)
1. thermoplastic resin composition, be that (i) below 1～95 weight % is satisfied and acronal (A) (ii) are the coupling agent (Y) of 0.1～5 weight part with 5～99 weight % propylene copolymers (B) with respect to (A) and 100 weight parts of summation (B), melting mixing obtains in the presence of organo-peroxide, (A) be 100 weight % with (B) summation, described propylene copolymers (B) is the multipolymer of 2～20 alpha-olefin formation for propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene, and be lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) observation
(i) fusing point of measuring by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method is 80～135 ℃ scope,
(ii) in endothermic curve,, do not observe the heat absorption that causes by watery fusion in the zone more than 140 ℃ by the observation of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method.
2. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, acronal (A) further satisfy following (iii),
(iii) use differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) fusing point Tm that observes and the vicat softening temperature Tv that measures based on ASTMD1525 to satisfy the relation of formula (I);
0.234 * (Tm)
1.277≤ Tv≤Tm formula (I)
Wherein, Tm is 80～135 ℃.
3. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described propylene copolymers (B) is following propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (B-1),
Propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (B-1) is made of from the structural unit of the alpha-olefin of carbonatoms 4～20 from the structural unit of ethene, 3～30 moles of % from the structural unit of propylene, 5～25 moles of % 45～92 moles of %, and is lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter observation.
4. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the melt flow rate (MFR) MFR that measures under 230 ℃, loading 2.16kg based on ASTM D1238 is more than 0.05g/10 minute.
5. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 1 is the thermoplastic resin composition who is used for solar cell sealing.
6. a solar cell sealing sheet is made of each described thermoplastic resin composition in the claim 1～5.
7. a solar cell is to use the described solar cell sealing sheet material of claim 6 to form.
8. thermoplastic resin composition, satisfying following (ia) and acronal (AA) (iia) and 5～99 weight % propylene copolymers (BB) by 1～95 weight % constitutes, described propylene copolymers (BB) is the multipolymer of 2～20 alpha-olefin formation for propylene and at least a carbonatoms except that propylene, and be lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter observation
(ia) fusing point of measuring by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method is more than 80 ℃ below 140 ℃,
(iia) molecular weight distribution that is obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is below 3.
9. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described propylene copolymers (BB) is following propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1),
Propylene and ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer (BB-1) is that the structural unit of 4～20 alpha-olefin constitutes from carbonatoms from the structural unit of ethene, 3～30 moles of % from the structural unit of propylene, 5～25 moles of % by 45～92 moles of %, and is lower than 80 ℃ or do not observe fusing point with the fusing point of differential scanning calorimeter observation.
10. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, is to cooperate the coupling agent (Y) of 0.1～5 weight part with summation 100 weight parts of propylene copolymers (BB) and constitute with respect to described acronal (AA).
11. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the melt flow rate (MFR) MFR that measures under 230 ℃, loading 2.16kg based on ASTM D1238 is more than 0.05g/10 minute.
12. thermoplastic resin composition as claimed in claim 8 is the thermoplastic resin composition who is used for solar cell sealing.
13. a solar cell sealing sheet is made of each described thermoplastic resin composition in the claim 8～12.
14. a solar cell is to use the described solar cell sealing sheet material of claim 13 to form.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006111069 | 2006-04-13 | ||
| JP111069/2006 | 2006-04-13 | ||
| PCT/JP2007/058034 WO2007119767A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2007-04-12 | Thermoplastic resin composition, sheet for sealing solar cell, and solar cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101421346A CN101421346A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| CN101421346B true CN101421346B (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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| EP (1) | EP2009052B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5344909B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101004191B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101421346B (en) |
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| JPWO2007119767A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
| CN101421346A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| EP2009052A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
| KR101004191B1 (en) | 2010-12-24 |
| US8067502B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 |
| WO2007119767A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
| TW200745244A (en) | 2007-12-16 |
| EP2009052B1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
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| JP5344909B2 (en) | 2013-11-20 |
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| EP2009052A4 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
| KR20090006197A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
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| US8067499B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 |
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