CN101418775B - Horizontal axle windmill and method for making wind-powered unit vane - Google Patents
Horizontal axle windmill and method for making wind-powered unit vane Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Disclosed are a horizontal axis windmill and a manufacturing method for the vane of the wind turbines. The windmill comprises a tower and a wind wheel hub which is provided with vanes, wherein the vanes have structures for designing bending and torsional deforms in advance and structures for designing the prestress at the root of the vane in advance. The method is that the connection line of each section center of the vane is bent or inclined forward from the root to the top, so the vane can keep at straight status from root to top when the windmill is in running; the torsional angle of the aerofoil profile on each section of the vane is designed along the radial direction, the torsional deformation of the vane can be obtained according to the pneumatic load distribution of the vane, and the reverse torsional deform angle of the aerofoil profile on each section is designed in advance to make the torsional angle when the vane is running consistent to the designed geometry torsional angle of the vane; and the root of the vane has stress. When the vanes of the windmill are working, the vanes are basically at radial direction, the inflow flush angle and designed working condition of all the sections are basically consistent, the high efficiency use of wind energy is realized, the root stress of the vane is reduced, and the safety of the vane is improved.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of wind generating unit, particularly a kind of preparation method of horizontal axis windmill blade of the wind-power electricity generation linear leaf that utilizes pre-bending-pretwist-prestressing force united forming.
Background technique
Wind energy is a clean energy resource with fastest developing speed in the renewable energy sources, also is the generation mode that has large-scale development and commercialized development prospect most.1993 to 2003 10 in the period of, the annual growth of world's wind-power electricity generation reaches 29.7%.To the year ends 2003, global wind-powered electricity generation electric motor power reaches 4,030 ten thousand kilowatts, and the wind-power electricity generation amount accounts for 0.5% of the total electric weight in the world.Wherein European total installation of generating capacity is 2,871 ten thousand kilowatts, accounts for 73% of world's wind-powered electricity generation electric motor power.German wind-power electricity generation accumulative total in 2003 electric motor power reaches 1,461 ten thousand kilowatt, accounts for global more than 1/3.India in 2003 accumulative total wind-power electricity generation electric motor power has also reached 2,130,000 kilowatts, arranges the 5th in the world, occupies the first place of developing country.The sight of future world wind-power electricity generation has been described with full and accurate data and penetrating analysis by EWEA in the report of recent portion, and expects the year two thousand twenty wind-power electricity generation and will account for 12% of world's electric power total amount.Wind energy is subjected to the generally attention of countries in the world as the strategic position of future source of energy supply important component part.
The THE WIND ENERGY RESOURCES IN CHINA reserves are abundant, and according to preresearch estimates, the wind energy resources of the land overhead 10 meters height layers of China can the exploitation amount be 2.53 hundred million kilowatts; The wind energy content of off sea 10 meters height layers of greater coasting area is about 7.5 hundred million kilowatts.On macroscopic view, China possesses the resources supplIes of extensive development wind-power electricity generation.To the end of the year 2004, China's wind-power electricity generation accumulative total electric motor power reaches 76.4 ten thousand kilowatts, and National Development and Reform Committee's planning grid connected wind power installation in 2005 will reach 1,000,000 kilowatts, reach 3,000,000 kilowatts in 2010, and the year two thousand twenty reaches 2,000 ten thousand kilowatts.Please replenish prior art
In order to realize the extensive utilization of wind energy, the wind-powered electricity generation unit just develops towards powerful direction.For high-power wind mill, because wind wheel blade is very long, rigidity is less, under the effect of aerodynamic loading and inertial force, significantly bending and torsional deflection can take place in blade.As Fig. 3, blade 4 is design objects, the residing state of blade when promptly moving, but because bigger bending and torsional deflection makes blade 4 be in the position of blade 5 when actual motion.Fig. 4 has provided the change in location situation of its vane tip, because bending and torsional deflection, the top of blade changes to position 5 by position 4, this bending and torsional deflection have not only reduced the wind sweeping area of wind wheel, also make blade towards the bending of pylon direction, the tower shadow increases the influence of blade, and the torsional deflection change incoming flow angle of attack, blade has departed from design conditions, causes the aerodynamic quality of blade and the S. E. A. of wind wheel to reduce.
High-power unit bore simultaneously aerodynamic loading and inertial force are very big, and the blade root stress that can cause is higher, has reduced the Security of blade.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that prior art exists, the objective of the invention is to realize the efficient utilization of wind energy, improve the Security of blade, for this reason, provide a kind of the have pre-bending-pretwist-horizontal axis windmill of prestressed united forming blade and the making method of wind power generation unit blade.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of of the present present invention, horizontal axis windmill is provided, adopt the design of pre-bending-pretwist-prestressed united forming blade, comprise: pylon and rotating wind wheel hub, blade is installed on the wheel hub, and blade has the structure that designs bending blade and torsional deflection in advance and designs the prestressed structure at blade root place, i.e. pre-bending-pretwist-prestressing force united forming in advance.
According to embodiments of the invention, the described line that designs each aerofoil profile center of blade in advance is expressed as to front curve or leaning structure l to the top by root:
In the formula, a is a coefficient that calculates according to blade material characteristic and blade shape, and y is the radial coordinate of blade, y
hBe the root radial coordinate of blade, y
tIt is the top radial coordinate of blade.
According to embodiments of the invention, the torsion angle β of described blade twist distressed structure is distributed as:
In the formula: α (y) is the design geometric twist angle of blade, the coefficient of torsion that b calculates according to blade material characteristic and blade shape.
According to embodiments of the invention, described blade root place has the structure of stress, makes blade be in operation and guarantees that blade root is in the low stress situation.
In order to achieve the above object, another aspect of the present invention provides the making method of wind power generation unit blade, by blade being carried out pre-bending-pretwist-prestressing force united forming design, realizes the efficient utilization of wind energy, improves the Security of blade.According to the foregoing invention design, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to comprise:
Step 1: with the line of each cross section mo(u)ld top half heart of blade from the root to the top to front curve or inclination, blade is straight from the root to the top when making the windmill operation;
Step 2: at blade radially on each cross section on the basis of the design windup-degree of aerofoil profile, distribute according to the aerodynamic loading on the blade, obtain the torsional deflection of blade, radially preestablish the turn-back deformation angle of aerofoil profile on each cross section, the windup-degree of blade is consistent with how much torsional angles of design of blade when making the windmill operation;
Step 3: the root place of blade is had a certain amount of stress.
According to embodiments of the invention, described bending of described step 1 or inclination comprise: when blade rotates, make the line of each cross section mo(u)ld top half heart of blade become one along radially straight line.According to embodiments of the invention, the described angle of attack value of described step 2 comprises: when blade rotates, and under the effect of aerodynamic loading and inertial force, the angle of attack value that blade is reached move under the design conditions.
According to embodiments of the invention, the described prestressing force of described step 3 comprises: when blade rotated, under the effect of aerodynamic loading and inertial force, blade root place prestressing force obtained discharging, and is used to guarantee that blade moves under low stress safety operating mode.
The present invention compared with prior art, have following conspicuous substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage: the wind-driven generator group wind-wheel blade is longer, rigidity is less, under the effect of aerodynamic loading and inertial force, significantly bending and torsional deflection can take place in blade, this has not only reduced the wind sweeping area of wind wheel, and make blade depart from design conditions because of the change of the incoming flow angle of attack, cause the aerodynamic quality of blade and the S. E. A. of wind wheel to reduce simultaneously, pneumatic and inertial force load of while, can produce very big bending and warping stress at the blade root position, reduce the Security of blade.The invention provides a kind of pre-bending-pretwist-prestressing force joint design method, make when wind wheel blade is worked under design conditions, blade is in radially substantially, reach maximum wind sweeping area, make the incoming flow angle of attack and design conditions basically identical on each sectional position of blade simultaneously, the present invention adopts the design of pre-bending-pretwist-prestressing force united forming, avoided the blade operation to retrodeviate from design conditions, realize the efficient utilization of wind energy, and reduce blade root stress to a great extent, improved the Security of blade.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the horizontal axis windmill structural representation that utilizes blade of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is traditional wind energy conversion system twist blade schematic representation;
Fig. 3 is when not considering the pre-bending pretwist, the schematic representation of blade off-design operating mode;
Fig. 4 is when not considering the pre-bending pretwist, the vane tip aerofoil profile design attitude that departs from objectives;
Fig. 5 is the present invention when considering the pre-bending pretwist, and blade returns to design conditions;
Fig. 6 is the present invention when considering the pre-bending pretwist, and the vane tip aerofoil profile returns to the target design position;
Fig. 7 is a wind power generation unit blade blade root of the present invention place cross-sectional view;
Fig. 8 is that blade root of the present invention does not have under the prestressing force situation along Fig. 7 A-A position, working state root stress distribution situation (abscissa is along the A-A position, and y coordinate is a corresponding part blade root stress);
Fig. 9 is that the present invention takes prestressing method, the reverse prestressing force that blade root applies in advance along the A-A position (abscissa x is that y coordinate is a corresponding part blade root stress along the A-A position);
Figure 10 be blade root of the present invention along the A-A position, take prestressing method, working state root stress distribution situation (abscissa is along the A-A position, and y coordinate is a corresponding part blade root stress);
Figure 11 is root of blade and top established angle schematic representation;
Figure 12 is the line of each aerofoil profile centre of form of blade radial.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail, be to be noted that described embodiment only is intended to be convenient to the understanding of the present invention, and it is not played any qualification effect.
Utilizing the horizontal axis windmill structural representation of blade of the present invention and Fig. 2 as Fig. 1 is shown in traditional wind energy conversion system twist blade schematic representation: pylon 1 and rotating wind wheel hub 2 are arranged among the figure, blade 3 is installed on the wheel hub 2, and blade 3 is the prestressed structures that have the structure that designs bending blade and torsional deflection in advance and design the blade root place in advance.
Because the pneumatic equipment blades made 3 of speciality exists big bending and torsional deflection, angular velocity of rotation according to the aerodynamic loading regularity of distribution and blade, consider blade material and structure, use finite element method, can calculate bending and the torsional deflection and the blade root place stress distribution situation of blade 3.
Be when not considering the pre-bending pretwist as shown in Figure 3, the schematic representation of blade off-design operating mode, shown in be when not considering the pre-bending pretwist, the schematic representation of blade off-design operating mode, wherein 4 is target working staties (being the design work state) of blade 3, if but do not consider the design of pre-bending pretwist, because aerodynamic loading and centrifugal action, flexible blade 3 will deform, and become 5 states among Fig. 3, cause blade 3 off-design working staties.
Be the depart from objectives schematic representation of design attitude of blade 3 top aerofoil profiles among Fig. 3 as shown in Figure 4, wherein: the 4th, the target working position of blade 3 top cross-section, the 5th, working position with torsional deflection rear blade 3 bends.This shows when not considering the pre-bending pretwist,, make the aeroperformance of employed blade 3 reduce, and crookedly also can add a part of stress, make the Security reduction of blade with torsional deflection because blade 3 departed from design conditions.
Fig. 5 is the present invention when considering the pre-bending pretwist, artificially blade 3 is designed among Fig. 56 state, in blade 3 runnings, under aerodynamic loading and inertial force effect, will return to dbjective state 4;
Fig. 6 is the present invention when considering the pre-bending pretwist, and blade 3 top aerofoil profiles return to the schematic representation of target design position.Blade 3 is in running, and under the effect of aerodynamic loading and inertial force, blade 3 is bent by 6 position and reaches 4 position with torsional deflection, and this position of 4 just in time is exactly the design object position.
On the basis of the pre-bending of considering blade 3, pretwist, further consider the prestressed influence of blade 3:
1. at first blade 3 not being applied the prestressing force situation analyzes, assumed calculation obtains the blade root place stress distribution situation of blade 3, Fig. 7 is the blade root place sectional view of blade 3, abscissa x is along the A-A position, Fig. 8 is not for to have under the prestressing force situation along Fig. 7 A-A position, under the working state, root stress distribution situation (abscissa x is along the A-A position, and y coordinate is a corresponding part blade root stress);
2. do not apply prestressed stress distribution situation according to Fig. 8, blade root place at blade 3 applies opposite prestressing force, take prestressing method as Fig. 9, the reverse prestressing force that blade root applies in advance along the A-A position (abscissa x is that y coordinate is a corresponding part blade root stress along the A-A position).In working order down, the prestressing of Fig. 9 will be released, make blade root place integrated stress value remain on reduced levels, stress distribution such as Figure 10 blade root are along the A-A position under this situation, take prestressing method, shown in the working state root stress distribution situation (abscissa is along the A-A position, and y coordinate is a corresponding part blade root stress).
1: one pneumatic equipment blades made 3 of embodiment, long 37m is in the design object, the root shape of blade 3 is shown in the A among Figure 11, and α is the root of blade established angle, and top shape is shown in the B among Figure 11, β is the vane tip established angle, during the wind wheel operation, radially the line of each aerofoil profile centre of form is straight line and is in fully radially, in Figure 12, abscissa T be in the cylindrical-coordinate system circumferentially, y coordinate h is for radially, and the 7th, the line of each aerofoil profile centre of form radially, the established angle in each cross section all is in design attitude.Consider the influence of rigidity, aerodynamic loading, inertial force and the prestressing force of blade 3 to distortion, the line at blade 3 each aerofoil profile center (as 8 among Figure 12) by root turn forward to the top about 5 the degree, the top established angle β torsional angle of blade 3 increase about 5 the degree, from root to the top linear change.When blade 3 work, the root place stress of blade 3 comprises constant part and variable part, partly apply reverse prestressing force at constant, as Fig. 7 is the root section of blade 3, cross section A-A is any one cross section on the nearly root thin slice, Fig. 8 is the stress on the blade 3 root A-A sections when not having prestressing force, and Fig. 9 is the reverse prestressing force that applies, and Figure 10 is the residue macrostress that applies under reverse prestressing force rear blade 3 operating conditionss.Like this, during blade 3 operation, just can be relatively near design object and have and hang down blade root stress.
2: one pneumatic equipment blades mades 3 of embodiment, long 80m, in the design object, the root established angle of blade 3 and the difference between the established angle of top are-45 degree, during the wind wheel operation, the line at each aerofoil profile center is straight line and is in fully radially that established angle is in design attitude.Consider rigidity, aerodynamic loading and the inertial force effect of blade 3, the line at each aerofoil profile center of blade by root to the top to front curve, crooked rule is:
Wherein: y is the radial coordinate of blade 3, the coefficient that a calculates according to blade 3 material behaviors and blade 3 shapes, y
hBe the root radial coordinate of blade 3, y
tBe the top radial coordinate of blade 3, the torsion angle regularity of distribution of blade 3 is:
α (y) is design how much angles of blade 3, the coefficient of torsion that b calculates according to blade 3 material behaviors and blade shape.When blade 3 work, blade root place stress comprises constant part and variable part, partly apply reverse prestressing force at constant, as Fig. 7 is the root section of blade 3, cross section A-A is any one cross section on the nearly root thin slice, Fig. 8 is the stress on the root A-A section when not having prestressing force, and Fig. 9 is the reverse prestressing force that applies, and Figure 10 is the residue macrostress that applies under the reverse prestressing force rear blade operating conditions.Like this, during blade 3 operation, just can be relatively near design object and have and hang down blade root stress.
The above; only be the embodiment among the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; can understand conversion or the replacement expected; all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprising within the scope, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (7)
1. horizontal axis windmill, it comprises pylon and rotating wind wheel hub, blade is installed on the wheel hub, it is characterized in that, blade has the back-flexing distortion of design in advance and the turn-back distressed structure that designs in advance and designs the prestressed structure at blade root place in advance, be pre-bending-pretwist-prestressing force united forming, the line that designs each aerofoil profile center of blade in advance is expressed as to front curve or leaning structure l to the top by root:
In the formula, a is a coefficient that calculates according to blade material characteristic, blade shape and aerodynamic loading, and y is the radial coordinate of blade, y
hBe the root radial coordinate of blade, y
tIt is the top radial coordinate of blade.
2. horizontal axis windmill according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the torsion angle β of described turn-back distressed structure is distributed as:
In the formula: α (y) is the design geometric twist angle of blade, the coefficient of torsion that b calculates according to blade material characteristic, blade shape and aerodynamic loading.
3. horizontal axis windmill according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described blade root place has the structure of stress, makes blade be in operation and guarantees that blade root is in the low stress situation.
4. making method to the wind power generation unit blade of the described horizontal axis windmill of claim 1 is characterized in that step comprises:
Step 1: with the line of each cross section mo(u)ld top half heart of blade from the root to the top to front curve or inclination, blade is straight from the root to the top when making the windmill operation;
Step 2: at blade radially on each cross section on the basis of the design windup-degree of aerofoil profile, distribute according to the aerodynamic loading on the blade, obtain the torsional deflection of blade, radially preestablish the turn-back deformation angle of aerofoil profile on each cross section, the windup-degree of blade is consistent with how much torsional angles of design of blade when making the windmill operation;
Step 3: the root place of blade is had a certain amount of stress.
5. according to the making method of the described wind power generation unit blade of claim 4, it is characterized in that described bending of step 1 or inclination comprise: when blade rotates, make the line of each cross section mo(u)ld top half heart of blade become one along radially straight line.
6. according to the making method of the described wind power generation unit blade of claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described torsion angle of step 2 comprises: when blade rotates, under the effect of aerodynamic loading and inertial force, make on each cross section of blade to reach the torsion angle that moves under the design conditions.
7. according to the making method of the described wind power generation unit blade of claim 4, it is characterized in that the described prestressing force of step 3 comprises: when blade rotates, under the effect of aerodynamic loading and inertial force, blade root place prestressing force obtains discharging, and is used to guarantee that blade moves under low stress safety operating mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101762750A CN101418775B (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2007-10-24 | Horizontal axle windmill and method for making wind-powered unit vane |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2007101762750A CN101418775B (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2007-10-24 | Horizontal axle windmill and method for making wind-powered unit vane |
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| CN101418775A CN101418775A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| CN101418775B true CN101418775B (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305175B (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2013-04-24 | 天津大学 | Blade of wind driven generator |
| CN102392797B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-04-17 | 中国计量学院 | Middle section of extrusion bendable transverse superposition type medium-sized wind power blade and manufacturing equipment thereof |
| CN103758783B (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2016-04-27 | 南通大通宝富风机有限公司 | A kind of control rod drive mechanisms (CRD) cooling blower blade reducing root bending stress |
| CN106704094B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2023-09-29 | 湖南工学院 | Palmaceae plant blade type wind driven generator blade and manufacturing method thereof |
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| US6582196B1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2003-06-24 | Lm Glassfiber A/S | Windmill rotor and wind blades therefor |
| CN1732340A (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2006-02-08 | 艾劳埃斯·乌本 | Rotor blade for a wind power plant |
| CN1755103A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-05 | 通用电气公司 | Wind turbine rotor blade with in-plane sweep and devices using same, and method for making same |
| CN1802285A (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2006-07-12 | Ssp技术公司 | Wind turbine blade and method of manufacturing thereof |
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2007
- 2007-10-24 CN CN2007101762750A patent/CN101418775B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6582196B1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2003-06-24 | Lm Glassfiber A/S | Windmill rotor and wind blades therefor |
| CN1732340A (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2006-02-08 | 艾劳埃斯·乌本 | Rotor blade for a wind power plant |
| CN1802285A (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2006-07-12 | Ssp技术公司 | Wind turbine blade and method of manufacturing thereof |
| CN1755103A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-05 | 通用电气公司 | Wind turbine rotor blade with in-plane sweep and devices using same, and method for making same |
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