CN101414699B - Novel microwave rotary joint - Google Patents
Novel microwave rotary joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN101414699B CN101414699B CN2008102324993A CN200810232499A CN101414699B CN 101414699 B CN101414699 B CN 101414699B CN 2008102324993 A CN2008102324993 A CN 2008102324993A CN 200810232499 A CN200810232499 A CN 200810232499A CN 101414699 B CN101414699 B CN 101414699B
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave rotary joint which comprises two wave guide coaxial converters, and both of the wave guide coaxial converters comprise a rectangular wave guide and coaxial structure, and the coaxial structure is arranged on a broad side axis line of the rectangular wave guide; the coaxial structure of the two wave guide coaxial converters has the same coaxial line and both of the wave guide coaxial converters are rotated around the coaxial line; the coaxial line is matched with impedances of the two rectangular wave guides; the coaxial line comprises a coaxial inner conductor and two coaxial outer conductors; a support medium is arranged between the coaxial outer conductors and the coaxial inner conductor; a ridge wave guide is arranged in the rectangular wave guide of the wave guide coaxial converter one; one end of the coaxial inner conductor is extended into a rectangular wave guide cavity one and is fixed on the ridge wave guide; the ridge wave guide and the rectangular wave guide one are transformed and transmitted through a multi-stage ladder; the other end of the coaxial inner conductor is extended into a rectangular wave guide cavity two and is not contacted with the wave guide wall; the other end of the coaxial inner conductor is provided with a matched end head; and a buckling position of the two coaxial outer conductors is provided with a choke groove. The novel microwave rotary joint has broad bandwidth and good and stable performance, and is suitable for every frequency band from L to Ka.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave components, in particular to a microwave rotary joint.
Background
With the rapid development of microwave technology, the application frequency band has gradually extended from the L, S, C frequency band to higher frequency band, and at present, the application of Ka frequency band has become more and more extensive. The Ka frequency band component has the characteristics of small size and high precision requirement, and the existing rotary joint scheme and the structural form thereof can not meet the requirement. Specifically, the existing rotary joints can be classified into two types: one is to use coaxial line as the rotating part, both ends of the coaxial inner conductor are connected with the waveguide wall, choke grooves are designed on the coaxial inner conductor and the coaxial outer conductor, and the coaxial inner conductor and the coaxial outer conductor are cut into two parts at the choke grooves to realize rotation; the other type is that a round waveguide is used as a rotating part, two ends of the round waveguide are of a conversion structure of the round waveguide and a rectangular waveguide, a choke groove is designed on the wall of the round waveguide, and the choke groove is broken into two parts to realize rotation. The two rotary joints have the following defects: the former solution is only suitable for low frequency components because of the choke grooves on the coaxial inner and outer conductors, and is not suitable for Ka frequency band, because in the Ka frequency band rotary joint, the diameter of the coaxial inner conductor is small, and it is difficult to machine the choke grooves on the inner conductor. The latter scheme, which uses a circular waveguide as a rotating part, must use the TM01 mode of the higher-order mode in the circular waveguide as a transmission mode, and has a disadvantage of a narrow frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a microwave rotary joint, which has a wide frequency band, good performance and stable working performance, is suitable for each frequency band from L to Ka, and can be widely applied to antenna systems requiring tracking and alignment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a microwave rotary joint comprises a first waveguide coaxial converter and a second waveguide coaxial converter, wherein the two waveguide coaxial converters respectively comprise a rectangular waveguide and a coaxial structure arranged on the axis of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide; the coaxial line includes coaxial inner conductor and two coaxial outer conductors of suit in the coaxial inner conductor outside and looks lock, be provided with supporting medium between two coaxial outer conductors and the coaxial inner conductor, two coaxial outer conductors with the rectangular waveguide cavity of two coaxial converters of waveguide is connected as an organic wholely, its characterized in that: a ridge waveguide is arranged in a first rectangular waveguide of the first waveguide coaxial converter, one end of a coaxial inner conductor extends into a first rectangular waveguide cavity of the first rectangular waveguide and is fixed on the ridge waveguide, and the ridge waveguide and the first rectangular waveguide are transited through multi-stage step transformation; the other end of the coaxial inner conductor extends into a second rectangular waveguide cavity of the second waveguide coaxial converter and is not contacted with a waveguide wall of the second rectangular waveguide cavity, and a matching end used for matching the second rectangular waveguide of the second waveguide coaxial converter and the impedance of the coaxial line is arranged at the other end of the coaxial inner conductor; and choke grooves are arranged at the buckling positions of the two coaxial outer conductors.
The first waveguide coaxial converter realizes impedance matching of the coaxial line and the first rectangular waveguide by adjusting the dimensions of the ridge waveguide and the multistage step transformation, wherein the closer the characteristic impedance value of the coaxial line and the first rectangular waveguide is, the wider the frequency band range of the impedance matching of the coaxial line and the first rectangular waveguide is; and the second waveguide coaxial converter realizes the impedance matching of the coaxial line and the second rectangular waveguide by changing the size of the matching end and the position of the waveguide short-circuit wall of the second rectangular waveguide.
The characteristic impedance values of the ridge waveguide and the coaxial line are the same or similar, and the first waveguide coaxial converter realizes impedance matching of the coaxial line and the first rectangular waveguide by adjusting the size of multistage step transformation.
The multi-stage step transformation takes the form of a chebyshev 1/4 wavelength impedance transformer for step transformation.
The coaxial inner conductor is a tin bronze rod, and the diameter of the coaxial inner conductor is larger than 1.5 mm.
The choke groove is arranged on one side close to the second waveguide coaxial converter.
The distances between the coaxial line and the waveguide short circuit walls of the rectangular waveguide I and the rectangular waveguide II are all the same
The choke groove is of a rotational symmetry structure and is composed of a tooth arranged on one coaxial outer conductor and a groove correspondingly arranged on the other coaxial outer conductor, and the length of the tooth is the same as the depth of the groove and the tooth and the groove are bothThe thickness of the teeth being less than
The width of the groove is 3 times of the thickness of the tooth, and the clearance between the tooth and the groove is
And the lambda is the working wavelength of the first waveguide coaxial converter and the second waveguide coaxial converter, and the working wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point during working.
The supporting medium is a cylindrical ring sleeve consisting of two semi-cylindrical rings made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the outer diameter of the cylindrical ring sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the coaxial outer conductor, the diameter b 'of the coaxial inner conductor at the position where the supporting medium is sleeved is smaller than the diameter b of other parts of the coaxial inner conductor, and the diameter b' of the coaxial inner conductor is smaller than the diameter b of other parts of the coaxial inner conductor
Wherein epsilonrThe inner diameter of the cylindrical ring sleeve is b' which is the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene material.
The length of the supporting medium is 3-5 mm.
And a bearing for realizing the rotation of the two waveguide coaxial converters around the coaxial line is arranged between the outer parts of the rectangular waveguide cavities of the two waveguide coaxial converters, and the bearing is coaxial with the coaxial line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the frequency band is wide, and can be suitable for each frequency band from L to Ka; 2. the coaxial waveguide transformer is novel and reasonable in structure and comprises two waveguide coaxial converters in different forms, wherein one waveguide coaxial converter adopts a form that a coaxial inner conductor is directly fixed on a rectangular waveguide wall, the coaxial structure is firstly transited to a ridge waveguide form, then transited to a rectangular waveguide through multi-step transformation, and impedance matching is realized by adjusting the size of the ridge waveguide and the size of the multi-step transformation; the other waveguide coaxial converter adopts a form of separating the coaxial inner conductor from the rectangular waveguide wall, the coaxial inner conductor directly extends into the rectangular waveguide cavity but is not connected with the waveguide wall, impedance matching is realized by changing the size of the coaxial inner conductor and the position of the waveguide short-circuit wall, and finally a structural form that one end of the coaxial inner conductor of the two waveguide coaxial converters is fixed and the other end is not fixed is realized, so that the stability in the rotating process is ensured, a choke groove on the coaxial inner conductor is omitted, and the realizability of a rotary joint with the working frequency of more than 20GHz is ensured; 3. the performance is good and the working performance is stable: standing waves are less than 1.2 within 11% of the relative bandwidth; the insertion loss is less than 0.2dB at 11% of the relative bandwidth; after rotating any angle, the standing wave change is less than 0.1 and the insertion loss change is less than 0.1 dB; the microwave rotary joint processed by the processing scheme of the product can obtain the performance without any debugging; 4. transition between a coaxial structure of one waveguide coaxial converter and a rectangular waveguide is realized through ridge waveguide and multi-stage step transformation, the characteristic impedance values of the ridge waveguide and the coaxial structure are the same or similar, and the multi-stage step transformation adopts a Chebyshev 1/4 wavelength impedance converter form, so that the waveguide coaxial converter has the advantage of wide frequency band; 5. the processing material of the coaxial inner conductor is a tin bronze bar, and the coaxial inner conductor has the advantages of high strength and difficult deformation. In a word, the invention has the advantages of wide frequency band, good performance and stability, is suitable for each frequency band from L to Ka, can be widely applied to antenna systems needing tracking and alignment, and has wide market application prospect.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-waveguide coaxial converter one; 2-waveguide coaxial converter two; 3-coaxial line;
4-ridge waveguides; 5-a rectangular waveguide cavity one; 6-multi-stage step transformation;
7-a matching end; 8-coaxial inner conductor; 9-a support medium;
10-a choke groove; 11-tooth; 12-groove;
13-a bearing; 14-a coaxial outer conductor one; 15-coaxial outer conductor two;
16-a gland; 17-a bearing retainer ring; 18-a nut;
19-a screw; 23-rectangular waveguide cavity two.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes two waveguide coaxial converters, i.e., a first waveguide coaxial converter 1 and a second waveguide coaxial converter 2, where the two waveguide coaxial converters each include a rectangular waveguide and a coaxial structure mounted on a wide-side axis of the rectangular waveguide, the coaxial structures of the two waveguide coaxial converters are a coaxial line 3 and rotate around the coaxial line 3, and the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguides of the two waveguide coaxial converters have impedance matching. That is, the central axis of the coaxial line 3 is located on the central axis of the first broad side of the rectangular waveguide and the second broad side of the rectangular waveguide. Wherein,the coaxial line 3 includes a coaxial inner conductor 8 and two coaxial outer conductors which are sleeved outside the coaxial inner conductor 8 and are buckled with each other, a supporting medium 9 is arranged between the two coaxial outer conductors and the coaxial inner conductor 8, namely a first coaxial outer conductor 14 and a second coaxial outer conductor 15 which are positioned outside the coaxial inner conductor 8, the two coaxial outer conductors are connected with rectangular waveguide cavities of the two waveguide coaxial converters into a whole, in the embodiment, the two coaxial outer conductors and the rectangular waveguide cavities of the two waveguide coaxial converters are integrated into a whole. And a bearing 13 for realizing the rotation of the two waveguide coaxial converters around the coaxial line 3 is arranged between the outsides of the rectangular waveguide cavities of the two waveguide coaxial converters, and the bearing 13 is coaxial with the coaxial line 3. In this embodiment, the number of the bearings 13 is two, the two bearings 13 are sleeved side by side between the outside of the first rectangular waveguide cavity and the outside of the second rectangular waveguide cavity, and a bearing retainer ring 17 is arranged on one side of each bearing 13. In this embodiment, the distances between the coaxial line 3 and the waveguide short-circuit walls of the first rectangular waveguide and the second rectangular waveguide are all equal to each other
And λ is the working wavelength of the first waveguide coaxial converter 1 and the second waveguide coaxial converter 2, and the working wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point during working. A gland 16 for packaging is arranged outside the bearing 13, and the gland 16 is fixed on the first rectangular waveguide cavity through a screw 19.
A ridge waveguide 4 is arranged in a rectangular waveguide I of the waveguide coaxial converter I1, one end of a coaxial inner conductor 8 extends into a rectangular waveguide cavity I5 of the rectangular waveguide I and is fixed on the ridge waveguide 4, and the ridge waveguide 4 and the rectangular waveguide I are transited through multi-stage step transformation 6. The coaxial line 3 is positioned on the central axis of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide I, and the coaxial line 3 is far away from one side of the waveguide short-circuit wall of the rectangular waveguide I
Wherein, the rectangular waveguide is a standard waveguide, such as: BJ120, BJ220, BJ260, etc., detailed forms thereofThe number is determined by the operating frequency band. In this embodiment, one end of the coaxial inner conductor 8 is fixed to the ridge waveguide 4 by a nut 18, that is, one end of the coaxial inner conductor 8 is fixed to the waveguide wall of the rectangular waveguide cavity one 5. In addition, the waveguide coaxial converter 1 realizes impedance matching between the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguide one by adjusting the sizes of the ridge waveguide 4 and the multistage step transformation 6, wherein the closer the characteristic impedance value of the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguide one is, the wider the frequency band range of the impedance matching between the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguide one is. In this embodiment, the characteristic impedance values of the ridge waveguide 4 and the coaxial line 3 are the same or similar, and the waveguide coaxial converter 1 realizes impedance matching between the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguide by adjusting the size of the multistage step transformation 6.
In summary, it can be seen that the size of the coaxial line 3 takes two factors into consideration: the size of the bearing 13 and the strength of the coaxial inner conductor 8. In practice, the dimensions of the bearing are divided into several, but once they have been selected, their dimensions are fixed, so that the dimensions of the coaxial line 3 are selected to ensure that the structure can pass through the bearing 13; on the other hand, in view of the strength of the coaxial inner conductor 8, the diameter of the coaxial inner conductor 8 should not be too small, and in this embodiment, the coaxial inner conductor 8 is a tin bronze rod and has a diameter larger than 1.5 mm. On the premise of meeting the two limitations, the characteristic impedance value of the coaxial line 3 and the characteristic impedance value of the first rectangular waveguide are ensured to be close to each other as much as possible, so that impedance matching can be realized in a wider frequency band. That is, in practice, the closer the characteristic impedance value of the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguide one is, the wider the frequency band range in which the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguide one are impedance-matched is.
In the actual processing and manufacturing process, the characteristic impedance values of the coaxial line 3 and the rectangular waveguide I are calculated as follows:
the calculation formula of the characteristic impedance value of the coaxial line 3 is as follows:
wherein, mur、εrThe relative magnetic permeability and the relative dielectric constant filled between the coaxial inner conductor 8 and the coaxial outer conductor are respectively 1 for an air medium; b is the diameter of the inner coaxial conductor 8 and a is the inner diameter of the outer coaxial conductor.
And the calculation formula of the characteristic impedance value of the first rectangular waveguide is as follows:
wherein n is a waveguide narrow edge, m is a waveguide wide edge, λ is a working wavelength of the waveguide coaxial converter 1, and the working wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency point during working.
The rectangular waveguideA first waveguide is transited into a ridge waveguide 4 through multi-stage step transformation 6 and then is connected with a coaxial line 3, the central axis of the coaxial line 3 is positioned on the central axis of one wide side of the rectangular waveguide and is far away from one side of the waveguide short-circuit wall of the rectangular waveguide I
λ is the working wavelength of the waveguide coaxial converter 1 and the working wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point during working.
In the present embodiment, the characteristic impedance value of the ridge waveguide 4 is equal to or close to the characteristic impedance value of the coaxial line 3. The calculation formula of the characteristic impedance value of the ridge waveguide 4 is complex, and some books about the microwave transmission line theory have already arranged the characteristic impedance value into a table which can be directly consulted.
The multistage step transformation 6 for realizing the impedance matching between the rectangular waveguide I and the ridge waveguide 4 adopts the form of a Chebyshev 1/4 wavelength impedance transformer to carry out step transformation, the step number and the size of each step are determined by the working bandwidth, the characteristic impedance value of the ridge waveguide 4 and the rectangular waveguide I and the voltage standing wave ratio, and the multistage step transformation is mainly designed by the following 4 steps:
firstly, obtaining the following parameters according to design requirements:
Wq: expressing the relative bandwidth by the formulaWherein λ is1And λ2Respectively representing the working wavelengths of the lower side frequency and the upper side frequency of the working frequency band;
r: representing the ratio of the characteristic impedance values of the ridge waveguide 4 and the first rectangular waveguide;
ρ: the standing-wave ratio of the input voltage is expressed, and is usually 1.01-1.05;
secondly, determining the number n of the stages of the multistage step transformation 6, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
after calculating the above parameters, refer to tables 11.2-5 in the book, scientific edition, page 10 of the structure and design of modern microwave filters
WqThe relation with n, the value of n can be conveniently obtained.
Thirdly, calculating the characteristic impedance value of each step in the multistage step transformation 6:
the characteristic impedance value of each step in the multistage step transformation 6 can be conveniently obtained by looking up the book of 'the structure and design of the modern microwave filter' and the scientific edition, and the book lists the characteristic impedance of each step, n and WqAnd R.
And fourthly, calculating the length and the height of each step in the multistage step transformation 6:
according to the theory of the Chebyshev 1/4 wavelength impedance transformer, the length of each step in the multi-step transformation 6 is as follows
Namely:
wherein λ is0The wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point is represented,
λ1and λ2Respectively representing the working wavelengths of the lower side frequency and the upper side frequency of the working frequency band;
wherein, each step in the multi-step transformation 6 can be regarded as a section of rectangular waveguide, which can be known by the calculation formula of the characteristic impedance of the rectangular waveguide in front, that is
In the case where the waveguide width m is constant, the characteristic impedance value of the rectangular waveguide is proportional to the waveguide height n, and therefore, the characteristic impedance value of each step obtained as above can be used as a referenceThe height of each step in the multi-step transformation 6 is obtained.
The method for calculating the initial size of the waveguide coaxial converter 1 is given above, and a model of the waveguide coaxial converter 1 can be established according to the size and is substituted into electromagnetic simulation software (such as HFSS), so that the performance of the waveguide coaxial converter can be obtained. Usually, this property is substantially satisfactory, and in order to further improve the property, a fine adjustment may be made on the basis of the above-mentioned dimensions; in addition, the invention also adds a debugging means, namely the size of the coaxial outer conductor I14 at the tail end of the coaxial line 3 can be properly adjusted according to the simulation performance.
The other end of the coaxial inner conductor 8 extends into the second rectangular waveguide cavity 23 of the second waveguide coaxial converter 2 and is not in contact with the waveguide wall of the second rectangular waveguide cavity 23, and the other end of the coaxial inner conductor 8 is provided with a matching end 7 for matching the impedance of the second rectangular waveguide 2 of the second waveguide coaxial converter and the impedance of the coaxial line 3. In addition, the second waveguide coaxial converter 2 realizes the impedance matching of the coaxial line 3 and the second rectangular waveguide by changing the size of the matching end 7 and the position of the waveguide short-circuit wall of the second rectangular waveguide. The design method of the rectangular waveguide II and the coaxial line 3 in the waveguide coaxial converter II 2 is the same as that of the waveguide coaxial converter I1, and the description is omitted. Similarly, the central axis of the coaxial line 3 is positioned on the central axis of the two wide sides of the rectangular waveguide and is away from one side of the waveguide short-circuit wall of the rectangular waveguide
The matching head 7 consists of a truncated cone and a cylinder arranged on said truncated cone, the dimensions of which can be determined by slight adjustments by means of electromagnetic simulation software (e.g. HFSS).
The buckling positions of the two coaxial outer conductors are provided with choke grooves 10, the choke grooves 10 are arranged on one side close to the second waveguide coaxial converter 2, and in the actual processing and manufacturing process, the choke grooves 10 are close to one side of the second waveguide coaxial converter 2 as much as possible. The choke groove10 is of rotationally symmetrical construction and consists of teeth 11 provided on one coaxial outer conductor and slots 12 correspondingly provided on the other coaxial outer conductor. The length of the teeth 11 and the depth of the grooves 12 are the same and are all
The thickness of the teeth 11 is less than
Taking into account both strength and processing ability; the width of the groove 12 is 3 times the thickness of the tooth 11, and the gap between the tooth 11 and the groove 12 is
And λ is the working wavelength of the first waveguide coaxial converter 1 and the second waveguide coaxial converter 2, and the working wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point during working.
In addition, the supporting medium 9 is a cylindrical ring sleeve composed of two semi-cylindrical rings made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the outer diameter of the cylindrical ring sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the coaxial outer conductor, the diameter b' of the coaxial inner conductor 8 at the position where the supporting medium 9 is sleeved is smaller than the diameter b of the other parts of the coaxial inner conductor 8, and
wherein epsilonrIs the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene material and epsilonr2.1, the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring sleeve is b'. Because the medium support 9 can introduce loss, the length of the support medium 9 is 3-5 mm.
Finally, when the microwave rotary joint processed by the design is tested, the switching waveguides are correspondingly arranged on the first rectangular waveguide and the second rectangular waveguide, and the switching waveguides are connected with the first rectangular waveguide and the second rectangular waveguide through screws.
Through the design, the main performance of the designed microwave rotation link can reach:
(1) standing waves: standing waves are less than 1.2 within 11% of the relative bandwidth;
(2) inserting loss: the insertion loss is less than 0.2dB at 11% of the relative bandwidth;
(3) stability: the microwave rotary joint rotates at any angle, the standing wave change is less than 0.1, and the insertion loss change is less than 0.1 dB.
(4) Consistency: the processed microwave rotary joint can obtain the performance without debugging.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A microwave rotary joint comprises a first waveguide coaxial converter (1) and a second waveguide coaxial converter (2), wherein the two waveguide coaxial converters respectively comprise a rectangular waveguide and a coaxial structure arranged on the axis of the wide side of the rectangular waveguide, the coaxial structures of the two waveguide coaxial converters are the same coaxial line (3) and rotate around the coaxial line (3), and the impedances of the coaxial line (3) and the rectangular waveguides of the two waveguide coaxial converters are matched; coaxial line (3) include coaxial inner conductor (8) and suit at coaxial inner conductor (8) outside and two coaxial outer conductor of looks lock, be provided with supporting medium (9) between two coaxial outer conductor and coaxial inner conductor (8), two coaxial outer conductor with the rectangular waveguide cavity of two coaxial converters of waveguide connects as an organic wholely, its characterized in that: a ridge waveguide (4) is arranged in a rectangular waveguide I of the waveguide coaxial converter I (1), one end of a coaxial inner conductor (8) extends into a rectangular waveguide cavity I (5) of the rectangular waveguide I and is fixed on the ridge waveguide (4), and the ridge waveguide (4) and the rectangular waveguide I are transited through multi-stage step transformation (6); the other end of the coaxial inner conductor (8) extends into a second rectangular waveguide cavity (23) of the second waveguide coaxial converter (2) and is not in contact with the waveguide wall of the second rectangular waveguide cavity (23), and a matching end (7) used for matching the impedance of the second rectangular waveguide of the second waveguide coaxial converter (2) and the coaxial line (3) is arranged at the other end of the coaxial inner conductor (8); and choke grooves (10) are arranged at the buckling positions of the two coaxial outer conductors.
2. A microwave rotary joint according to claim 1, wherein: the waveguide coaxial converter I (1) realizes impedance matching of the coaxial line (3) and the rectangular waveguide I by adjusting the sizes of the ridge waveguide (4) and the multistage step transformation (6), wherein the closer the characteristic impedance values of the coaxial line (3) and the rectangular waveguide I are, the wider the frequency band range of the coaxial line (3) and the rectangular waveguide I is; and the second waveguide coaxial converter (2) realizes the impedance matching of the coaxial line (3) and the second rectangular waveguide by changing the size of the matching end (7) and the position of the waveguide short-circuit wall of the second rectangular waveguide.
3. A microwave rotary joint according to claim 2, wherein: the characteristic impedance values of the ridge waveguide (4) and the coaxial line (3) are the same or similar, and the waveguide coaxial converter I (1) realizes impedance matching of the coaxial line (3) and the rectangular waveguide I by adjusting the size of the multistage step transformation (6).
4. A microwave rotary joint according to claim 3, wherein: the multi-stage step transformation (6) is in the form of a chebyshev 1/4 wavelength impedance transformer.
5. A microwave rotary joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the coaxial inner conductor (8) is a tin bronze rod, and the diameter of the coaxial inner conductor is larger than 1.5 mm.
6. A microwave rotary joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the choke groove (10) is arranged on one side close to the second waveguide coaxial converter (2).
7. A microwave rotary joint according to claim 4, wherein: the distances between the coaxial line (3) and the waveguide short-circuit walls of the rectangular waveguide I and the rectangular waveguide II are all the sameChoke groove (10) are rotational symmetry structure and it by setting up tooth (11) on a coaxial outer conductor and correspond groove (12) of setting on another coaxial outer conductor and constitute, the length of tooth (11) is the same with the degree of depth in groove (12) and be the same and be
The thickness of the teeth (11) is less than
The width of the groove (12) is 3 times of the thickness of the tooth (11), and the clearance between the tooth (11) and the groove (12) is
And lambda is the working wavelength of the first waveguide coaxial converter (1) and the second waveguide coaxial converter (2), and the working wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point during working.
8. A microwave rotary joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the supporting medium (9) is a cylindrical ring sleeve consisting of two semi-cylindrical rings made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the outer diameter of the cylindrical ring sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the coaxial outer conductor, the diameter b 'of the coaxial inner conductor (8) at the position where the supporting medium (9) is sleeved is smaller than the diameter b of the other parts of the coaxial inner conductor (8), and the diameter b' of the coaxial inner conductor is smaller than the diameter b of the other parts of the coaxial inner conductor (8)
Wherein epsilonrThe inner diameter of the cylindrical ring sleeve is b' which is the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene material.
9. A microwave rotary joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the length of the supporting medium (9) is 3-5 mm.
10. A microwave rotary joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and a bearing (13) for realizing the rotation of the two waveguide coaxial converters around the coaxial line (3) is arranged between the outsides of the rectangular waveguide cavities of the two waveguide coaxial converters, and the bearing (13) is coaxial with the coaxial line (3).
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| CN2008102324993A CN101414699B (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2008-12-01 | Novel microwave rotary joint |
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| CN2008102324993A CN101414699B (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2008-12-01 | Novel microwave rotary joint |
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| CN101414699B true CN101414699B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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| CN101702456B (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2012-11-07 | 西南交通大学 | Minitype broadband throttling device used for transmission shaft in guided wave system |
| WO2015024241A1 (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-02-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Coaxial waveguide converter |
| CN103746155B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-03-02 | 中航光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of broadband Miniature RF rotary connector |
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| US4020431A (en) * | 1976-01-15 | 1977-04-26 | Rockwell International Corporation | Multiaxis rotary joint for guided em waves |
| US4298850A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1981-11-03 | Microwave Antenna Systems And Technology Inc. | Double ridge waveguide rotary joint |
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