CN101408115B - Thermodynamic cycle system suitable for waste heat recovery of engine for automobile - Google Patents
Thermodynamic cycle system suitable for waste heat recovery of engine for automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN101408115B CN101408115B CN2008102322184A CN200810232218A CN101408115B CN 101408115 B CN101408115 B CN 101408115B CN 2008102322184 A CN2008102322184 A CN 2008102322184A CN 200810232218 A CN200810232218 A CN 200810232218A CN 101408115 B CN101408115 B CN 101408115B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thermodynamic circulating system which is applicable to the recycling of waste heat of a vehicle engine. The thermodynamic circulating system is a coupling of low-temperature Kalina cycle used for recycling the waste heat of the cooling water of the engine and high-temperature organic Rankine cycle used for recycling the waste heat of the exhaust of the engine and the waste heat of the lubricating oil, and comprises an exhaust heat exchanger, an expansion machine, a heat exchanger, a pump, a lubricating oil heat exchanger, a lubricating oil circulating pump, a cooling water heat exchanger, a cooling water circulating pump, a heat regenerator, a throttle valve, a separator, the expansion machine, a low-pressure condenser and a pump. The system can overcome the defects that the utilization ratio of the waste heat is not high in the traditional utilization method of the waste heat of the engine, thus obviously improving the recycling efficiency of the waste heat of the vehicle engine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the heat recovery technology field, related to a kind of circulation system that is applicable to the vehicular engine heat recovery.This system adopt that card Linne circulation (Kalina Cycle) and organic Rankine circulation (Organic Rankine Cycle) be coupled mode realize the vehicular engine heat recovery.
Background technique
Fuel is after the motor internal combustion, and its chemical energy is converted into heat energy, and wherein a part changes useful work into by engine cycle, is mainly used in the driving automobile and advances; Remaining part discharges to environment with engine cooling waste heat and using waste heat from tail gas form.According to the second law of thermodynamics, the part except discharging to environment in the waste heat energy, remaining part is utilizable in theory.
Studies show that: the heat that motor changes useful work into accounts for 30～40% of fuel combustion heating value (input heat), and cooling residual heat accounts for 20～25%, and using waste heat from tail gas accounts for 40～45%.That is to say and only utilized about 1/3rd of fuel chemical energy at present that other about 2/3rds energy then is discharged into surrounding environment by the cooling water heat radiation of motor and the form of high-temperature tail gas heat extraction.
Traditional engine exhaust heat utilizes method to mainly contain three kinds: utilize engine exhaust heat to carry out thermo-electric generation, utilize the engine exhaust heat heating or carry out absorption refrigeration, utilize the engine exhaust heat acting.
At present, utilize exhaust thermo-electric generation energy conversion efficiency very low.In the experiment, actual conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is about 2.12%, has only about 10% and the conversion efficiency of same device is the highest; The engine exhaust heat heating system can't use when motor is out-of-work, and the heat exchanging element is had relatively high expectations when extremely frigid zones uses; The refrigeration work consumption that the engine exhaust heat absorption system then exists the unit mass refrigeration agent to produce is little, systems bulky, defective such as utilization rate of waste heat is low.Utilizing the engine exhaust heat acting mainly is to adopt the mode of thermodynamic cycle to come the exhaust heat of recovery vehicle with motor, usually adopt water as heat recovery circuit working medium, yet conventional engines heat recovery circuit heat recovery efficient is very low, reason is, traditional engine exhaust heat reclaims the only exhaust heat of single recovery motor that circulates, and the cooling water heat and the lubricant oil waste heat of motor are not recycled, because the temperature of exhaust heat is lower than the heat source temperature of industrial Rankine cycle, adopt water to make heat recovery efficient very low in addition as cycle fluid.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of circulation system that is applicable to the vehicular engine heat recovery.This circulation system adopts circulation of card Linne and organic Rankine circulation coupling to come exhaust heat, cooling water heat and the lubricant oil waste heat of recovery vehicle with motor.Wherein, the circulation of card Linne is used for the lower engine cooling water waste heat of recovered temperature; The organic Rankine circulation is used for higher engine exhaust heat of recovered temperature and lubricant oil waste heat.Utilize this circulation system, can reclaim exhaust heat, cooling water heat and the lubricant oil waste heat of motor simultaneously, improve vehicular engine heat recovery efficient significantly.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Vehicular engine heat recovery circulation system is the high temperature organic Rankine circuit coupling that is used to reclaim the low temperature card Linne circulation of engine cooling water waste heat and is used to reclaim engine exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat;
The described low temperature card Linne circulation that is used for reclaiming cooling water heat, the entrance point of cooling water heat exchanger low temperature side is in parallel with the entrance point of regenerator low temperature side, back in parallel entrance point is connected with the outlet end of heat exchanger low temperature side, back in parallel outlet end is connected with the separator import, one of separator brings out mouth and connects with the import of decompressor, the other end outlet of separator is connected with the high temperature side entrance point of regenerator, the high temperature side outlet end of regenerator connects the import of throttle valve, the outlet of decompressor is in parallel with the outlet of throttle valve, connect with the import of low-pressure condenser high temperature side after in parallel, the outlet of low-pressure condenser high temperature side is connected with pump inlet, the entrance point of delivery side of pump and heat exchanger low temperature side is in series, and cooling water heat exchanger high temperature side and cooling water circulating pump are in series;
The described high temperature organic Rankine circulation that is used for reclaiming exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat, the entrance point of heat exchanger high temperature side is connected with the outlet of decompressor, the outlet end of heat exchanger high temperature side is connected with pump inlet, delivery side of pump is connected with lubricant oil heat exchanger low temperature side entrance point, the outlet end of lubricant oil heat exchanger low temperature side is connected with the entrance point of exhaust gas heat exchanger low temperature side, the outlet end of exhaust gas heat exchanger low temperature side is connected with the import of decompressor, lubricant oil heat exchanger high temperature side and lubrication oil circulation series connection of pumps, the high temperature side of exhaust gas heat exchanger inserts motor exhaust.
Be used to reclaim the rich ammonia steam of low temperature card Linne circulation employing of engine cooling water waste heat, ammonia content is greater than 90%, basic solution, ammonia content is the 80-90% and the rich aqueous solution, ammonia content is the working medium of the ammonia water mixture of 40-50% as the circulation different operating stage.
Be used to reclaim the high temperature organic Rankine circulation employing organic substance of engine exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat as the circuit working medium.
Adopt technique scheme, the vehicular engine heat recovery circulation system that the present invention proposes can utilize engine exhaust heat, engine cooling water waste heat and engine lubricating oil waste heat simultaneously, compare with traditional circulation system that only reclaims engine exhaust heat, heat recovery efficient is higher.In addition, technique scheme is also by the heat exchange between organic Rankine circulation of heat exchange realization high temperature and the circulation of low temperature card Linne, thereby the heat transferred low temperature card Linne circulation of the weary gas of working medium after the high temperature organic Rankine circular work is realized the preheating of cycle fluid further having improved heat recovery efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system flow schematic representation of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
With reference to shown in Figure 1, to adopt ammoniacal liquor as the low temperature card Linne circulation of cycle fluid with adopt the high temperature organic Rankine circulation of organic working medium reasonably to combine, in order to reclaim the energy that vehicle-mounted engine cooling water waste heat, exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat three parts can second use.Critical piece comprises exhaust gas heat exchanger 1, decompressor 2, heat exchanger 3, pump 4, lubricant oil heat exchanger 5, oil circulation pump 6, cooling water heat exchanger 7, cooling water circulating pump 8, regenerator 9, throttle valve 10, separator 11, decompressor 12, low-pressure condenser 13 and pump 14.
Mainly comprise heat exchanger 3, cooling water heat exchanger 7, regenerator 9, throttle valve 10, separator 11, decompressor 12, low-pressure condenser 13 and pump 14 in order to the low temperature card Linne circulation of reclaiming the engine cooling water waste heat.Adopting ammoniacal liquor mainly is the characteristics of considering that the ammoniacal liquor critical temperature is lower as low temperature card Linne circuit working medium; Mainly comprise exhaust gas heat exchanger 1, decompressor 2, heat exchanger 3, pump 4 and lubricant oil heat exchanger 5 in order to the high temperature organic Rankine circulation of reclaiming engine exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat.In view of the characteristics such as shape of saturated vapor line among the requirement of condensing temperature in the high temperature circulation and the organic substance T-s figure, the high temperature Rankine cycle is suitable for adopting organic substance as circuit working medium; Thereby the heat exchange between circulation of low temperature card Linne and the circulation of high temperature organic Rankine is finished in heat exchanger 3 and is realized two circuit couplings; Lubrication oil circulation comprises lubricant oil heat exchanger 5 and oil circulation pump 6; The cooling water circulation comprises cooling water heat exchanger 7 and cooling water circulating pump 8.
The described low temperature card Linne circulation that is used for reclaiming cooling water heat, the entrance point of cooling water heat exchanger 7 low temperature sides is in parallel with the entrance point of regenerator 9 low temperature sides, back in parallel entrance point is connected with the outlet end of heat exchanger 3 low temperature sides, back in parallel outlet end is connected with separator 11 imports, one of separator 11 brings out mouth and connects with the import of decompressor 12, the other end outlet of separator 11 is connected with the high temperature side entrance point of regenerator 9, the high temperature side outlet end of regenerator 9 connects the import of throttle valve 10, the outlet of decompressor 12 is in parallel with the outlet of throttle valve 10, connect with the import of low-pressure condenser 13 high temperature sides after in parallel, the outlet of low-pressure condenser 13 high temperature sides is connected with pump 14 imports, the entrance point of the outlet of pump 14 and heat exchanger 3 low temperature sides is in series, and cooling water heat exchanger 7 high temperature sides and cooling water circulating pump 8 are in series;
The described high temperature organic Rankine circulation that is used for reclaiming exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat, the entrance point of heat exchanger 3 high temperature sides is connected with the outlet of decompressor 2, the outlet end of heat exchanger 3 high temperature sides is connected with pump 4 imports, the outlet of pump 4 is connected with lubricant oil heat exchanger 5 low temperature side entrance points, the outlet end of lubricant oil heat exchanger 5 low temperature sides is connected with the entrance point of exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 low temperature side, the outlet end of exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 low temperature side is connected with the import of decompressor 2, lubricant oil heat exchanger 5 high temperature sides are connected with oil circulation pump 6, and the high temperature side of exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 inserts motor exhaust.
To reclaim the cooling water heat of high-temperature exhaust air waste heat, lubricant oil waste heat and the low temperature of vehicular engine simultaneously, consider the petrol engine exhaust, the different characteristics of cooling water and three waste heats of lubricant oil (mainly being that three's temperature contrast is bigger), be applicable to the circulation system of vehicular engine heat recovery should be by the high temperature organic Rankine circulation A that is used to reclaim exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat and low temperature card Linne circulation B two-part of being used to reclaim cooling water heat form.Owing to adopt different cycle fluids, each circulation is made up of independent evaporating plant, acting device, condensation device and recycle pump.C is the cooling water circulation of petrol engine, and D is the gasoline engine lubricant oil circulation.
In the circulation system involved in the present invention, the working medium of high temperature organic Rankine circulation A at first in lubricant oil heat exchanger 5 with high temperature grease generation exchange heat, lubricant oil heat exchanger 5 is except producing the cooling action lubricant oil, also high temperature organic Rankine cycle fluid is played pre-heat effect, cycle fluid after the preheating enters the exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 (exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 is the main heat exchanger of high temperature organic Rankine cycle fluid) that is installed on the petrol engine outlet pipe, in exhaust gas heat exchanger 1, carry out exchange heat with exhaust, the working medium that has fully absorbed exhaust gas heat forms and to enter decompressor 2 after the high pressure high temperature vapor and externally do work, the weary gas of working medium after the acting enters in the heat exchanger 3, in heat exchanger 3 to low temperature card Linne circulation heat release, enter in the recycle pump 4 behind high temperature organic Rankine cycle fluid condensation the becoming saturated solution simultaneously, finish high temperature Rankine cycle part.
In the circulation system involved in the present invention, low temperature card Linne circuit working medium is that ammonia content is the ammonia spirit (being advisable with ammonia content 84%) of 80-90%, working medium absorbs the heat of the weary gas of high temperature organic Rankine cycle fluid at first by heat exchanger 3 in heat exchanger 3, carry out preheating.Cycle fluid after the preheating is divided into the constant two-part of ammonia content, and a part enters cooling water heat exchanger 7 (main heat exchangers of cooling water heat exchanger 7 low temperature card Linne cycle fluids), absorbs the heat of cooling water in cooling water heat exchanger 7; Another part working medium enters regenerator 9 and one ammonia content of separating from separator 11 be that the working medium stream (being advisable with ammonia content 42%) of 40-50% carries out heat exchange, two bursts of working medium are converged and are entered separator 11 afterwards, in separator 11, working medium is divided into two strands of working medium streams that ammonia content is different, one ammonia content is that the working medium stream (being advisable with ammonia content 42%) of 40-50% is delivered to regenerator 9 and carried out heat exchange with a part of working medium of finishing preheating in heat exchanger 3, one ammonia content is delivered to decompressor 12 greater than 90% working medium stream (being advisable with ammonia content 96%) and is externally done work, weary gas after the acting and one ammonia content from regenerator 9 outflows are that the working medium (being advisable with ammonia content 42%) of 40-50% is mixed, again become the ammonia spirit that ammonia content is 80-90% (being advisable) with ammonia content 84%, deliver to low-pressure condenser 13 afterwards, in low-pressure condenser 13, enter pump 14 after the condensation, finish low temperature card Linne cyclic part.
Cooling water circulation and lubrication oil circulation are finished by cooling water circulating pump 8 and oil circulation pump 6 respectively.
Because engine exhaust temperature and cooling water temperature differ greatly, thus the circulation of high temperature organic Rankine with adopt the different working medium of rerum natura respectively during low temperature card Linne circulates.In the circulation of high temperature organic Rankine, adopt organic substance, in the circulation of low temperature card Linne, then adopt ammoniacal liquor as cycle fluid as cycle fluid.
Claims (3)
1. circulation system that is applicable to the vehicular engine heat recovery, it is characterized in that vehicular engine heat recovery circulation system is the high temperature organic Rankine circuit coupling that is used to reclaim the low temperature card Linne circulation of engine cooling water waste heat and is used to reclaim engine exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat:
The described low temperature card Linne circulation that is used for reclaiming cooling water heat, the entrance point of cooling water heat exchanger (7) low temperature side is in parallel with the entrance point of regenerator (9) low temperature side, back in parallel entrance point is connected with the outlet end of heat exchanger (3) low temperature side, back in parallel outlet end is connected with separator (11) import, one of separator (11) brings out mouth and connects with the import of decompressor (12), the other end outlet of separator (11) is connected with the high temperature side entrance point of regenerator (9), the high temperature side outlet end of regenerator (9) connects the import of throttle valve (10), the outlet of decompressor (12) is in parallel with the outlet of throttle valve (10), connect with the import of low-pressure condenser (13) high temperature side after in parallel, the outlet of low-pressure condenser (13) high temperature side is connected with pump (14) import, the entrance point of the outlet of pump (14) and heat exchanger (3) low temperature side is in series, and cooling water heat exchanger (7) high temperature side and cooling water circulating pump (8) are in series;
The described high temperature organic Rankine circulation that is used for reclaiming exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat, the entrance point of heat exchanger (3) high temperature side is connected with the outlet of decompressor (2), the outlet end of heat exchanger (3) high temperature side is connected with pump (4) import, the outlet of pump (4) is connected with lubricant oil heat exchanger (5) low temperature side entrance point, the outlet end of lubricant oil heat exchanger (5) low temperature side is connected with the entrance point of exhaust gas heat exchanger (1) low temperature side, the outlet end of exhaust gas heat exchanger (1) low temperature side is connected with the import of decompressor (2), lubricant oil heat exchanger (5) high temperature side is connected with oil circulation pump (6), and the high temperature side of exhaust gas heat exchanger (1) inserts motor exhaust.
2. the circulation system that is applicable to the vehicular engine heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is used to reclaim the rich ammonia steam of low temperature card Linne circulation employing of engine cooling water waste heat, and ammonia content is greater than 90%; Basic solution, ammonia content is 80-90%; And the rich aqueous solution, ammonia content is the working medium of the ammonia water mixture of 40-50% as the circulation different operating stage.
3. the circulation system that is applicable to the vehicular engine heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is used to reclaim the high temperature organic Rankine circulation employing organic substance of engine exhaust heat and lubricant oil waste heat as the circuit working medium.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008102322184A CN101408115B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | Thermodynamic cycle system suitable for waste heat recovery of engine for automobile |
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| CN2008102322184A CN101408115B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | Thermodynamic cycle system suitable for waste heat recovery of engine for automobile |
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| CN101408115A CN101408115A (en) | 2009-04-15 |
| CN101408115B true CN101408115B (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011008755A2 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-01-20 | Recurrent Engineering Llc | Systems and methods for increasing the efficiency of a kalina cycle |
| DE102009053390B3 (en) * | 2009-11-14 | 2011-06-01 | Orcan Energy Gmbh | Thermodynamic machine and method for its operation |
| JP5338731B2 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2013-11-13 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Waste heat regeneration system |
| EP2476869B1 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2017-04-05 | Orcan Energy AG | Lubrication of volumetric expansion machines |
| EP2503110B1 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2016-03-23 | Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG | Combined cycle power generating system |
| CN102777240A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-11-14 | 天津大学 | Diesel engine exhaust gas waste heat recovery system of two-stage Rankine cycle |
| CN103195530B (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2015-04-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Organic Rankine Cycle Waste Heat Recovery Power Generation System with Separation Expansion Device |
| CN103334820B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-06-10 | 西华大学 | Thermal control system and method of automobile engine |
| CN103993981B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-09-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | The used heat step of coupling engine cooling and vehicle refrigeration reclaims energy supplying system and method for work thereof |
| CN106593797A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-04-26 | 兰州理工大学 | Automobile waste heat recycling thermodynamic cycle system |
| US10428713B2 (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2019-10-01 | Denso International America, Inc. | Systems and methods for exhaust heat recovery and heat storage |
| CN107642383B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-04-25 | 天津大学 | Medium-low temperature waste heat utilization system coupling kalina cycle and Rankine cycle |
| CN109812309B (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2024-06-07 | 江苏大学 | Supercritical double-expansion two-stage backheating organic Rankine cycle system |
| CN110145377A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of refrigeration system based on vehicle engine exhaust gas |
| CN110905619B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-05-03 | 天津大学 | Mixed working medium Rankine cycle system for recovering waste heat of internal combustion engine |
| CN112412560A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-26 | 北京工业大学 | Kalina circulation system based on single screw expander |
| CN113446127A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-09-28 | 北京理工大学 | Internal combustion engine waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system and waste heat recovery method thereof |
| CN115585027A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-01-10 | 南京天加能源科技有限公司 | Oil cooling and motor cooling coupling device based on ORC waste heat recovery turbine generator set |
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