CN101399592A - Beam forming method - Google Patents
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- CN101399592A CN101399592A CNA2007101810576A CN200710181057A CN101399592A CN 101399592 A CN101399592 A CN 101399592A CN A2007101810576 A CNA2007101810576 A CN A2007101810576A CN 200710181057 A CN200710181057 A CN 200710181057A CN 101399592 A CN101399592 A CN 101399592A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beam forming method which comprises the following steps: S502, a base station sends dedicated pilot frequency information to user equipment by a beam forming sub-frame/precoding sub-frame in a wireless frame; S504, the user equipment performs channel estimation according to the dedicated pilot frequency information, selects a weight coefficient according to a channel estimation result, and sends a serial number corresponding to the weight coefficient to the base station by the beam forming sub-frame/precoding sub-frame; and S506, the base station finds out the weight coefficient according to the serial number corresponding to the weight coefficient, and weights the downlink data by the weight coefficient so as to form a beam in alignment with the user equipment. By the method, the system resources can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, relate more specifically to a kind of wave beam formation method.
Background technology
Multiple-input and multiple-output (Multi Input Multi Output, abbreviation MIMO) system improves the utilance of frequency spectrum by effectively utilizing the spatial domain resource, and then improve the throughput of message transmission rate and sub-district, have very important realistic meaning this today at the frequency spectrum resource growing tension.Fig. 1 has provided the communication block diagram of mimo system.Fig. 2 has provided a kind of down physical layer channel treatment processes of multiaerial system.As shown in Figure 2, the information behind the coding by processes such as scrambling, modulation, interlayer mapping and precodings after, in the data of each antenna port emission, thereby form wave beam through weighting.
In the implementation procedure that downlink beamforming forms, can determine the weight coefficient of each antenna by base station (Base Station is called for short BS), also can be by subscriber equipment (UserEquipment, be called for short UE) basis channel response decision weight coefficient separately, again the result is fed back to BS.In a kind of mode in back, normally from generate some groups of good weight coefficients in advance, select to form immediate one group of weight coefficient with desirable wave beam, only the numbering with selected weight coefficient sends back to BS, to reduce the cost of UE to BS feedback weight coefficient, the wave beam that this mode is called based on code book forms or precoding usually.
At present, the physical layer frame structure of Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution is called for short LTE) system's regulation has two kinds, is respectively Type 1 and Type 2.Wherein, Type 1 is applicable to Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (Frequency Division Dual is called for short FDD) and time division duplex (Time Division Dual is called for short TDD) mode, and Type 2 is only applicable to the TDD mode.Two kinds of frame formats are also incompatible, below selective analysis Type 1 frame structure.Type 1 frame structure as shown in Figure 3.
For Type 1 frame structure, each radio frames duration is T
f=307200 * T
s=10ms is T by 20 length
Slot=15360 * T
sThe time slot of=0.5ms is formed, time-gap number respectively from 0 to 19.A subframe definition is two continuous time slot, and subframe i comprises time slot 2i and time slot 2i+1.For the TDD mode, a subframe can be assigned to downlink or uplink.Wherein, subframe 0 to 5 is always distributed to the downlink transfer link.
In order to finish some common channels (as Physical Broadcast Channel (Physical broadcastchannel, abbreviation PBCH), physics control indicating channel (Physical control formatindicator channel, abbreviation PCFICH), Physical Multicast Channel [Physical multicastchannel, be called for short PMCH)) on information transmit, MBSFN business and carry out neighbor cell measurement, system need broadcast information by omnidirectional channel.Accordingly, at the UE end, in order to carry out channel estimating, realize precoding and descending decoding, BS need send common pilot to UE.
The mapping mode of common pilot (is example with 4 antennas) is as Fig. 4, and each matrix is represented the mode of an antenna emission pilot signal respectively, and each fritter is represented a Resource Block in the matrix.Per 7 row are represented a time slot.Antenna p emission pilot signal is R
p
For the specific unicast service of UE, the BS end should utilize the advantage of many antennas, adopts wave beam to form down link is handled, and with when improving received signal intensity, makes frequency spectrum reuse, thus the throughput and the spectrum efficiency of expectation raising system.Need to send dedicated pilot but do like this, if keeping using dedicated pilot meeting occupation of extra resources under the constant situation of common pilot.
For fear of using dedicated pilot, under Type 1 frame structure situation, be based on the beam forming process of code book:
At first, BS sends pilot signal to UE in some way, and UE utilizes pilot tone to carry out channel estimating.
Then, UE carries out channel estimating according to receiving the pilot signal that BS sends, and estimates the channel h of BS to user i
iUE selects the suitable weight coefficient w of a combination according to the channel that estimates from code book
iAnd should organize weight coefficient pairing sequence number in code book and send back to BS, BS is weighted downlink data according to the weight coefficient in the code book according to the weight coefficient sequence number that feeds back to, make BS can form the wave beam of this UE of approximate alignment direction, to improve received signal intensity.
When the UE termination is received data, because known former channel h
iWith the BS antenna weighting coefficient w that returns
iSo UE can hold the new channel parameter h that estimates under the situation that does not send dedicated pilot after wave beam forms at BS
i'=h
iw
i
Yet, the defective of this method based on code book is, each UE can only know that BS is to this user's channel and can't know other user's channel, so can only making the BS wave beam form the back, the weight coefficient that this user chooses big as far as possible received signal is upwards arranged this user side, but can not guarantee to reduce interference, therefore can't obviously improve the throughput and the spectrum efficiency of system other user.
Under the situation of known each the subscriber channel information of BS, form weight coefficient if can allow the BS end decide descending wave beam in its sole discretion according to each user's channel information, the base station can produce and make two users form the weight coefficient at zero point respectively on the other side's direction so, thereby reach the purpose that reduces or eliminate interference, and then improve the throughput and the spectrum efficiency of system.The meaning of this wave beam formation method is that not only it is with respect to less weight coefficient quantization error is arranged based on the code book mode, can allow beam direction aim at desired user more accurately, what is more important, it possesses the inhibition interference capability that is difficult to realize based on code book mode wave beam formation method.Unfortunately, this mode need send dedicated pilot to each user, yet this is not compatible mutually with existing Type 1 frame structure.
In addition, when BS holds antenna number greater than 4 antennas (as 8 antennas), though the throughput of system can be high than 4 antenna beam formation methods, the insertion of common pilot will take more resources under Type1 frame structure pattern, and the utilance of system is reduced.Therefore, Type 1 frame structure can not be supported 8 antenna modes.
Summary of the invention
One or more problems in view of the above the invention provides a kind of new wave beam formation method.
According to wave beam formation method of the present invention, may further comprise the steps: S502, the base station forms subframe/precoding subframe by the wave beam in the radio frames and sends dedicated pilot information to subscriber equipment; S504, subscriber equipment carries out channel estimating according to dedicated pilot information, selects weight coefficient according to channel estimation results, and will be sent to the base station corresponding to the numbering of weight coefficient by wave beam formation subframe/precoding subframe; And S506, the base station utilizes weight coefficient that downlink data is weighted processing according to finding out weight coefficient corresponding to the numbering of weight coefficient, to form the wave beam of aiming at the subscriber equipment direction.
Wherein, wave beam formation subframe is positioned at after the precoding subframe.Since 0 time slot continuous dispensing precoding subframe.For time division duplex, ascending time slot is positioned at wave beam and forms after the subframe.The number of antennas that has in the base station was greater than 4 o'clock, and the mapping of wave beam territory to the array element territory also carried out to wave beam in the base station.
By the present invention, can conserve system resources.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of existing MIMO communication system;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of existing physical channel processing procedure;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of existing wireless frame structure;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of existing common pilot mapping mode;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the wave beam formation method of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram according to the wireless frame structure of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the block diagram according to the physical channel processing procedure of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the mode that adds according to the common pilot of the embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the mode that adds according to the dedicated pilot of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
With reference to figure 5, the wave beam formation method according to the embodiment of the invention is described.As shown in Figure 5, this wave beam formation method may further comprise the steps: S502, and the base station forms subframe/precoding subframe by the wave beam in the radio frames and sends dedicated pilot information to subscriber equipment; S504, subscriber equipment carries out channel estimating according to dedicated pilot information, selects weight coefficient according to channel estimation results, and will be sent to the base station corresponding to the numbering of weight coefficient by wave beam formation subframe/precoding subframe; And S506, the base station utilizes weight coefficient that downlink data is weighted processing according to finding out weight coefficient corresponding to the numbering of weight coefficient, to form the wave beam of aiming at the subscriber equipment direction.
In order to support some common channels and measurement (as neighbor cell measurement) and multicast service (as the MBSFN business) that some are associated, should keep the common pilot structure in the frame structure.Simultaneously, for the wave beam of supporting the base station end forms, also need to send dedicated pilot to carry out channel estimating to each subscriber equipment.Therefore, the present invention provided a kind of can compatible common pilot and the frame structure of dedicated pilot.That is, in dividing, distribute whole time slot common precoding (precoding) subframe and wave beam to form (beamformimg) subframe.The Precoding subframe is used the common pilot structure.Wherein, in order to guarantee the interpolation effect of common pilot in the Precoding subframe, since 0 time slot continuous dispensing precoding subframe.Have or not the switching cohesive position of Beamforming subframe and two kinds of subframes to notify by high level.Wherein, for the TDD mode, a subframe can be assigned to downlink or uplink, and ascending time slot can be dispensed on after the Beamforming subframe.
Fig. 6 shows the wireless frame structure according to the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 6, each radio frames duration is T
f=307200 * T
s=10ms is T by 20 length
Slot=15360 * T
sThe time slot of=0.5ms is formed, time-gap number respectively from 0 to 19.Wherein, a subframe definition is two continuous time slot, and subframe i comprises time slot 2i and time slot 2i+1.Wherein, be that according to the wireless frame structure of the embodiment of the invention and the difference of Type 1 structure a preceding j subframe is the precoding subframe, wherein contains common pilot information; An ensuing k subframe is the Beamforming subframe, wherein contains dedicated pilot information.Down channel after UE forms wave beam by dedicated pilot is estimated; Last 10-j-k subframe distributed to up link.Wherein the value of j, k is by high level decision (wherein, j can more than or equal to 6).
Wherein, need the process of common pilot support to carry out in the precoding subframe, system broadcasts information by omnidirectional channel.Common pilot is sent in the base station, and UE utilizes common pilot to carry out channel estimating, to support some common channels (as PBCH, PCFICH and PMCH) and some associated measurements (as neighbor cell measurement) and multicast service (as the MBSFN business).
For the specific business of UE, the base station realizes that in the Beamforming subframe wave beam forms, and sends dedicated pilot to each user by different wave beams, and the dedicated pilot that each UE utilization receives estimates the channel information after wave beam forms.
The base station obtains uplink channel information by up channel, utilizes the reciprocity of TDD mode up-downgoing channel to estimate each user's down channel, and then calculates the weight coefficient of each user being done wave beam formation.Because each user's channel information is known in the base station, therefore can make that the interference between UE reduces as far as possible so that each UE is in the zero point of other UE wave beams respectively.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 7 corresponding to the physical channel handling process of wireless frame structure shown in Figure 6.As can be seen from the figure, the difference of Fig. 7 and Fig. 2 is, increased the mapping block of a wave beam territory to the array element territory on the basis of Fig. 2.When the antenna number in the Precoding subframe greater than 4 the time, this mapping block is used for the wave beam territory is mapped as the array element territory corresponding to mapping matrix W; When the antenna number in the Precoding subframe less than 4 the time, or antenna is in the Beamforming subframe time because the input of this mapping block has been the array element territory, so this mapping block is corresponding to a unit matrix I.
In the precoding subframe, common pilot adds among mode and the Type 1 pilot tone, and to add mode identical, is respectively 1,2,4 adding mode as shown in Figure 8 for the antenna for base station number.
Wherein, in order to solve in the precoding subframe, existing Type 1 structure can not be supported the problem greater than 4 antennas.For situation (for example 8 antennas) greater than 4 antennas, make a plurality of antennas form 4 wave beams by weighting, as orthogonal beams,, so just can utilize the advantage of many antennas with the 4 antenna situations of its output as normal mode, make throughput get a promotion.
In the Beamforming subframe, dedicated pilot adds mode as shown in Figure 9.For wave beam i, the Resource Block that sends common pilot in the common precoding subframe sends i dedicated pilot now.
What it should be noted that among the figure each big square representative is a wave beam, rather than antenna port, promptly sends dedicated pilot in the wave beam territory.
The above is embodiments of the invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a wave beam formation method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S502, the base station forms subframe/precoding subframe by the wave beam in the radio frames and sends dedicated pilot information to subscriber equipment;
S504, described subscriber equipment carries out channel estimating according to described dedicated pilot information, selects weight coefficient according to channel estimation results, and will be sent to described base station corresponding to the numbering of described weight coefficient by described wave beam formation subframe/precoding subframe; And
S506, described base station utilizes described weight coefficient that downlink data is weighted processing according to finding out described weight coefficient corresponding to the numbering of described weight coefficient, to form the wave beam of aiming at described subscriber equipment direction.
2. wave beam formation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described wave beam forms subframe and is positioned at after the described precoding subframe.
3. wave beam formation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, since the described precoding subframe of 0 time slot continuous dispensing.
4. wave beam formation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, for time division duplex, ascending time slot is positioned at described wave beam and forms after the subframe.
5. wave beam formation method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the number of antennas that has in described base station was greater than 4 o'clock, and the mapping of wave beam territory to the array element territory also carried out to described wave beam in described base station.
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| CN101399592B CN101399592B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101931446A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Inter-cell interference suppression method and base station |
| CN104301073A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 上海朗帛通信技术有限公司 | Reference signal setting method in mobile communication system |
| WO2017101062A1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-22 | Intel IP Corporation | Method of load balancing in 5g cellular networks |
| CN109392153A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-26 | 北京展讯高科通信技术有限公司 | The method of user equipment and its acquisition beam information, computer-readable medium |
| CN109982414A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-05 | 鹰视云(深圳)科技有限公司 | A kind of destinations traffic method of multiple antenna communication |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7549963B2 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2009-06-23 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Multi stage beamforming |
| CN1956351B (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2012-07-18 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Beam forming method and device for multiple input/output system |
-
2007
- 2007-09-29 CN CN200710181057A patent/CN101399592B/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101931446A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Inter-cell interference suppression method and base station |
| CN104301073A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 上海朗帛通信技术有限公司 | Reference signal setting method in mobile communication system |
| CN104301073B (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2019-05-31 | 上海朗帛通信技术有限公司 | A kind of reference signal setting method in mobile communication system |
| WO2017101062A1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-22 | Intel IP Corporation | Method of load balancing in 5g cellular networks |
| CN109392153A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-26 | 北京展讯高科通信技术有限公司 | The method of user equipment and its acquisition beam information, computer-readable medium |
| CN109982414A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-05 | 鹰视云(深圳)科技有限公司 | A kind of destinations traffic method of multiple antenna communication |
| CN109982414B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2021-05-18 | 鹰视云(深圳)科技有限公司 | Target communication method of multi-antenna communication system |
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| CN101399592B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210104 Address after: 276599 opposite to the toll gate of Judong expressway, no.225 provincial road, Changling Town, Ju county, Rizhao City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Shandong Huaju auto parts remanufacturing Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518057 Zhongxing building, science and technology south road, Nanshan District hi tech Industrial Park, Guangdong, Shenzhen Patentee before: ZTE Corp. |
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