CN101397900A - Perforator charge with a case containing a reactive material - Google Patents
Perforator charge with a case containing a reactive material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101397900A CN101397900A CNA2008100959554A CN200810095955A CN101397900A CN 101397900 A CN101397900 A CN 101397900A CN A2008100959554 A CNA2008100959554 A CN A2008100959554A CN 200810095955 A CN200810095955 A CN 200810095955A CN 101397900 A CN101397900 A CN 101397900A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- perforating bullet
- reactive material
- perforating
- shell
- bullet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/117—Shaped-charge perforators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
- F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
- F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
- F42B1/036—Manufacturing processes therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
- F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
Abstract
A perforator charge includes a case formed of a material blend that includes a reactive material that is activated during explosive detonation of the perforator charge. An explosive and a liner are contained in the case, with the liner to collapse in response to detonation of the explosive.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to a kind of perforating bullet with shell, described shell comprises reactive material.
Background technology
So that from oil reservoir, produce fluid (as hydro carbons), perhaps fluid is injected oil reservoir for completion, need carry out perforation in the one or more zones in well, be communicated with thereby between pit shaft and oil reservoir, set up fluid.Usually, perforation is to finish by the required interval that perforating gun tubing string (perforating gun string) is lowered in the well, and described perforating gun tubing string has one or more perforating guns.Excite the described one or more perforating guns in the perforating gun tubing string, around arbitrarily, form opening on the sleeve pipe and make preforation tunnel extend to stratum on every side.
Perforating gun generally comprises firing mount and a plurality of lined-cavity charges that are installed on the firing mount.Firing mount can be the sealing firing mount, and it accommodates lined-cavity charge, and makes lined-cavity charge avoid the influence of outside wellbore environment.Selectively, this firing mount can be band shape firing mount, plays capsule formula lined-cavity charge (capsule shaped charge) and is installed on this firing mount.Play capsule formula lined-cavity charge and be a kind of like this perforating bullet: its internal part is subjected to protecting hermetically the influence that is not subjected to wellbore environment.
The explosive nature thereof of formed perforation tunnel has been pulverized formation sands.Around each perforation tunnel, can form one deck " vibrations failure area " that permeability is lower than prime stratum matrix.The forming process of perforation tunnel also can produce a passage that is full of fragment, and it is mixed with the lined-cavity charge fragment.The degree of the amount of unconsolidated debris and damage may weaken the injectability of producing capacity of well or injecting well in the passage.
Proposed various solutions and formed the relevant damage of preforation tunnel and the method for fragment problems with utilizing perforating gun.Yet, the other scheme that needs a kind of routine techniques not propose.
Summary of the invention
Usually, according to embodiment, perforating bullet comprises the shell of being made by material blends (material blend), and described material blends comprises reactive material, and described reactive material is excited during the charging explosion of perforating bullet.According to some embodiment, the reactive material of perforating bullet shell can provide various benefits when being subjected to exciting.For example, because exciting of reactive material can produce pressure pulse in wellbore section.
Other or optional characteristic will become obvious from following description, accompanying drawing and claims.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the example according to the tool tubular column with perforating gun of some embodiment, and wherein perforating gun has perforating bullet.
Fig. 2 shows the non-bullet capsule formula perforating bullet according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 shows the bullet capsule formula perforating bullet according to another embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Many details have been set forth in the following description to help to understand the present invention.Yet, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention also can implement under the situation of these details not having, and can make many changes or improvement according to described embodiment.
Just as used herein, term " top " and " below ", " on " and D score, " top " and " bottom ", " making progress " and " downwards ", and be illustrated in a set point or element above or below other similar terms of relative position, with in this manual so that more clearly describe some embodiments of the present invention.Yet when being applied to be used in equipment in inclined shaft or the horizontal well or method, these terms may refer to from left to right, from right to left or the relation at diagonal angle according to situation.
Fig. 1 shows the tool tubular column 102 that has launched in pit shaft 104, according to some embodiment, this tool tubular column comprises perforating gun 106, this perforating gun 106 has firing mount 108, various perforating bullets 110 (for example, other destructor of lined-cavity charge or formation perforation jet) are installed on the firing mount 108.Firing mount 108 can be to be designed to the expendable firing mount pulverized with the ignition of perforating bullet 110.Shape firing mount, for example firing mount of being made by metal tape are with in being exemplified as of this expendable firing mount.In a different enforcement, be not that perforating bullet 110 is installed on the band shape firing mount, but this firing mount can be the seal casinghousing with inner chamber, perforating bullet is arranged in this inner chamber, and described chamber sealed and with pit shaft 104 in outside pit shaft fluid isolation.
As shown in Figure 1; when perforating bullet 110 is installed to firing mount band 108 so that perforating bullet 110 when being exposed to wellbore fluids; perforating bullet 110 is to play capsule formula perforating bullet; play capsule formula perforating bullet and have bullet capsule (capsule) so that fluid-tight to be provided, thereby the internal part of protection perforating bullet 110 makes them not be subjected to the influence of wellbore fluids.Selectively, in different enforcement, if perforating bullet 110 is arranged in the annular seal space of firing mount housing, then this perforating bullet can be non-bullet capsule formula perforating bullet.
In the example of Fig. 1, perforating bullet 110 (ballistically) ballistically is connected to det-cord 112.Det-cord 112 is connected to firing head (firing head) 114.When being subjected to exciting, firing head 114 is ignited det-cord 112, det-cord 112 and ignition perforating bullet 110.
In different enforcement, det-cord 112 can be substituted by one or more electric wire that firing head 114 is connected to perforating bullet.Firing head 114 sends the signal of telecommunication to described one or more electric wire, to excite perforating bullet.For example, perforating bullet can excite initiator (for example, electric paper tinsel initiator or EFI) to be associated with electricity, and this makes and to start blasting machine or explosive when being subjected to the exciting of the signal of telecommunication, to ignite corresponding perforating bullet.
Perforating gun 106 transports by transporting line 116, and transporting line 116 can be wire rope, slip (slickline), coil pipe, production tube etc.According to some embodiment, each perforating bullet 110 has shell, and this shell is made by the material blends that comprises reactive material.Reactive material refer to during the perforating bullet charging explosion with detonation gas, wellbore fluids reaction and/or with the material of another reactive material reaction.The reaction of the reactive material in the perforating bullet shell can produce pressure pulse, and the time that this pressure pulse continued can more longer than the charging explosion time of perforating bullet (for example, growing one or two order of magnitude).
In certain embodiments, the material blends of perforating bullet shell can be for comprising reactive material and making the density of shell and the dusty material of strengthened nonreactant.In different embodiment, the material blends of shell can be fine and close material blends, rather than the dusty material mixture.
Between the perforating bullet explosion period, activating reaction material and the pressure pulse that produces can produce dynamic overbalanced conditions at specific wellbore section (the residing wellbore section of perforating bullet or perforating gun), this dynamic overbalanced conditions are the pressure conditions that specific wellbore section obtains projecting oil reservoir (perhaps at least around the nearly shaft area of oil reservoir) pressure.Produce dynamic overbalanced conditions at wellbore section and have many potential application, comprise in perforation tunnel and to inject one or more target fluids, produce instantaneous overbalanced conditions, perforation tunnel is broken etc.
In some instances, described one or more target fluids that can be injected in the perforation tunnel comprise treatment fluid, for example add solid-liquid (consolidation fluid), this adds the nearly shaft area that solid-liquid can be used for reinforcing perforation tunnel or oil reservoir, to prevent that the stratum from moving or fine grain moving.A kind of solid-liquid that adds of exemplary types comprises the epoxy resin fluid that is embedded with micro-capsule (micro-capsule), and wherein said micro-capsule has the inner chamber that holds hardener or catalyzer fluid.A kind of dissimilar treatment fluid can be an overflush fluid.The treatment fluid of another kind of type can be acid, and for example HCl is used to handle the carbonate oil reservoir.Carrying out acid treatment assists in removing or reduces perforating damage.The treatment fluid of another type can be the fracturing fluid that is rich in proppant, and proppant comprises the particle that mixes with fracturing fluid, and it is used to make the crack to keep opening in fracturing work.
Fig. 2 shows the example of the perforating bullet 110 with shell 200.Shell 200 defines the inner chamber 202 that is used to receive main charge 204.In addition, bushing pipe 206 is arranged in the shell 202, and this bushing pipe 206 has the conical shaped shape usually.The coniform shape of bushing pipe 206 provides darker preforation tunnel.Selectively, bushing pipe 206 can have different shapes, bowl-type roughly for example, and this will allow to produce bigger eyelet.Main charge 204 is arranged between bushing pipe 206 and shell 200 inboards.
In certain embodiments, shell 200 can utilize compact technique to be made by dusty material, described dusty material had both comprised the nonreactant that is used for density and wet strength (green strength) (referring to shell bears processing under non-warping situation ability), comprise reactive material again, described reactive material is excited by detonation gas, wellbore fluids between the perforating bullet explosion period and/or reacts with another reactive material.
The compact technique that is used to form shell 200 comprises mixing nonreactant and reactive material, and compacting mixture is to form shell 200.In another is implemented, can utilize other manufacturing technology to make shell 200, for example casting process or other technology.
Reactive material can only comprise a kind of material, perhaps comprises the combination of multiple reactive material.The example that can be used on the reactive material in the shell 200 (for example comprises titanium (Ti), nickel-aluminium (Ni-Al), titanium alloy, ferrotianium, titanium silicon, titanium nickel, titanium aluminium, titanium copper etc.), be mixed with titanium powder, the titanium alloy powder that is mixed with other metal dust and any other reactive material of other metal dust (for example, magnesium, tungsten, copper, lead, tin, zinc, gold, silver, steel, tantalum etc.).The example of nonreactant comprises tungsten, copper, lead, bismuth, tin etc.
In order to increase the wet strength of dusty material shell 200, can on the external surface of shell 200, apply the High temp. epoxy resins coating, perhaps selectively, can make shell 200 be impregnated with High temp. epoxy resins.In some implementations, epoxy resin also can contain fuel and/or oxidant to help shell 200 parallel offs.
As shown in Figure 2, the opening 208 at shell 200 rear portions allows to be provided with explosive portion 210, and this explosive portion 210 is connected to det-cord 112 ballistically, ignites in det-cord 112 with permission, thereby makes 210 blasts of explosive portion, and make main charge 204 blasts.Form the perforation jet thereby the blast of main charge 204 is collapsed bushing pipe 206, described perforation jet extends away from perforating bullet 110.The perforation jet points to the structure (for example, sleeve pipe and/or stratum on every side) that wherein will form corresponding perforation tunnel.
Between main charge 204 explosion periods, reactive material in the shell 200 and explosion environment reaction with the provocative reaction material, thereby produce gas or the heat that increases pressure.Therefore, the reaction of reactive material or excite and can produce pressure pulse, described pressure pulse continues longlyer than the charging explosion of perforating bullet 110.
As mentioned above, pressure pulse has produced dynamic overbalanced conditions in wellbore section, and this dynamic overbalanced conditions can be used for various purposes, comprises that fluid injects, produces instantaneous overbalance and pressure break etc.
Fig. 3 shows the selected embodiment of perforating bullet, and this perforating bullet is represented with mark 110A.Be arranged among the perforating bullet 110A with shell 200 sealably engages except covering 300, perforating bullet 110A is structurally identical with perforating bullet 110 among Fig. 2, and its middle cover 300 makes the internal part (bushing pipe and explosive) of perforating bullet avoid the influence of outside wellbore environment.
Effectively, lid 300 and shell 200 form and play capsule, and this bullet capsule sealably limits closed cavity, and the sealing inner chamber holds the internal part of perforating bullet.Perforating bullet 110A plays capsule formula perforating bullet, and the perforating bullet 110 among Fig. 2 is non-bullet capsule formula perforating bullets.
Use comprises that another advantage of the shell (the especially shell of being made by dusty material) of reactive material is: exciting of reactive material helps further to reduce the fragment that is associated with perforating bullet.Exciting of reactive material helps further parallel off shell.
Although the embodiment in conjunction with limited quantity discloses the present invention, benefit from of the present disclosure it will be understood by those skilled in the art that and openly can make many improvement and modification according to this.Appended claims is intended to cover these improvement and the modification that drops within true spirit of the present invention and the scope.
Claims (22)
1. perforating bullet comprises:
By the shell that the material blends that comprises reactive material is made, described reactive material is excited during the charging explosion of perforating bullet;
Be contained in the powder charge in the described shell; And
Be contained in the bushing pipe in the described shell, described bushing pipe collapses in response to the blast of described powder charge.
2. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described reactive material produces pressure pulse in wellbore section when being excited during the charging explosion of perforating bullet.
3. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described reactive material produces dynamic overbalanced conditions when being subjected to exciting.
4. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described reactive material is excited by at least one that select in detonation gas, wellbore fluids and another reactive material.
5. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described reactive material comprises the powdered reaction material.
6. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described reactive material is at least a for what select from following material: titanium, titanium alloy, the titanium that is mixed with another metal, the titanium alloy that is mixed with another metal and nickel-aluminium.
7. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the material blends of described shell comprises the nonreactant that mixes with described reactive material.
8. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described nonreactant is selected from tungsten, copper, tin, lead and bismuth.
9. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described nonreactant provides the density and the intensity of enhancing for shell.
10. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 7, wherein, nonreactant and reactive material are compacted to form shell.
11. perforating bullet as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described material blends comprises the dusty material mixture.
12. a perforating gun comprises:
Firing mount; And
Be installed at least one perforating bullet of described firing mount, wherein said at least one perforating bullet comprises:
By the shell that the material blends that comprises reactive material is made, described reactive material is excited in the charging explosion environment that is produced by perforating bullet;
Be contained in the powder charge in the described shell; And
Be contained in the bushing pipe in the described shell, described bushing pipe collapses in response to the blast of described powder charge.
13. perforating gun as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described material blends also comprises the nonreactant that mixes with reactive material, and described nonreactant is used to provide density and wet strength.
14. perforating gun as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described at least one perforating bullet comprises that at least one plays capsule formula perforating bullet.
15. perforating gun as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described at least one perforating bullet comprises at least one non-bullet capsule formula perforating bullet.
16. perforating gun as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described firing mount comprises the firing mount band.
17. perforating gun as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described reactive material is by at least one excite of selecting from detonation gas and wellbore fluids.
18. perforating gun as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described reactive material comprises select at least a from following substances: titanium, titanium alloy, the titanium that is mixed with another metal, the titanium alloy that is mixed with another metal and nickel-aluminium.
19. a method that is used in the pit shaft comprises:
Perforation tool is lowered in the pit shaft, and wherein, described perforation tool comprises at least one perforating bullet, and described perforating bullet comprises the shell that holds powder charge, and wherein, described shell is made by the material blends that comprises reactive material; And
Excite described at least one perforating bullet, wherein, the reactive material of described at least one perforating bullet is excited between described at least one perforating bullet explosion period, to produce corresponding pressure pulse.
20. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described pressure pulse makes and produce dynamic overbalanced conditions in wellbore section.
21. method as claimed in claim 20 also comprises:
Have the following at least a operation of execution under the situation of dynamic overbalanced conditions: fluid injects, produces instantaneous overbalance and pressure break.
22. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described reactive material comprises select at least a from following substances: titanium, titanium alloy, the titanium that is mixed with another metal, the titanium alloy that is mixed with another metal and nickel-aluminium.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/860,776 US20090078420A1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2007-09-25 | Perforator charge with a case containing a reactive material |
| US11/860,776 | 2007-09-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101397900A true CN101397900A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
Family
ID=40470409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100959554A Pending CN101397900A (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-04-30 | Perforator charge with a case containing a reactive material |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090078420A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101397900A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY165838A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009042480A1 (en) |
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| CN102493792A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 甘肃省化工研究院 | Energetic perforating bullet holder for oil and gas well |
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-
2007
- 2007-09-25 US US11/860,776 patent/US20090078420A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-04-30 CN CNA2008100959554A patent/CN101397900A/en active Pending
- 2008-09-18 MY MYPI2010001263A patent/MY165838A/en unknown
- 2008-09-18 WO PCT/US2008/076759 patent/WO2009042480A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102493792A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 甘肃省化工研究院 | Energetic perforating bullet holder for oil and gas well |
| CN102493792B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 甘肃省化工研究院 | Energetic perforating bullet holder for oil and gas well |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MY165838A (en) | 2018-05-17 |
| WO2009042480A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
| US20090078420A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
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