CN101396049A - Method and device for preparing milk powder prepared by fresh milk - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing milk powder prepared by fresh milk Download PDFInfo
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- CN101396049A CN101396049A CNA200810071749XA CN200810071749A CN101396049A CN 101396049 A CN101396049 A CN 101396049A CN A200810071749X A CNA200810071749X A CN A200810071749XA CN 200810071749 A CN200810071749 A CN 200810071749A CN 101396049 A CN101396049 A CN 101396049A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and equipment used for preparing milk powder by fresh milk, mainly comprising the steps as follows: fresh milk is standardized and homogenized; filtration and bacterial removal are carried out by a micro-filtration membrane with the interception aperture of 0.1-1um so as to remove bacteria, barm, mildew and spore in the milk and the fat in the milk at the same time; concentration is carried out by adopting an ultra-filtration film with the interception aperture of 0.01-0.1um so as to intercept most of protein in liquid milk and lead the lactose and salt to pass, thus gaining concentrated milk; under a vacuum environment, the concentrated milk is sprayed as 10-20 microns of milk drips by an atomizer; subsequently, microwave is radiated on the milk drips by a microwave generator so as to vaporize the water and gain the milk powder. Each working procedure of the method adopts no heating types but a film method to carry out the bacterial removal and concentration operation, carries out the drying operation by combining the vacuum, spraying and microwave type, thereby damaging no nutritional compositions in the milk, keeping the natural fragrance in the milk and reducing the energy dissipation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production technology of milk powder, specifically be meant a kind of method and apparatus for preparing milk powder by fresh milk.
Background technology
Milk powder by fresh milk sterilization after concentrate, drying forms.After fresh milk was processed into milk powder, moisture was reduced to 2%-5% by original 88%, and the content of nutrients such as protein, inorganic salts, fat has concentrated.Milk powder is easy to carry, is convenient to drink, and in office or when going out, fresh milk is inconvenient to heat, and drink some difficulty, and milk powder can reconstitute at any time, and can regulate concentration according to the hobby of oneself, is convenient to more drink.And milk powder is convenient to processing, can be the milk powder of crowd's production Different Nutrition composition of various physique all ages and classes sections.
At present the processing technology of manufacturing of milk powder generally is: raw milk examination, preliminary treatment, standardization, homogeneous, preheating sterilization, concentrate, spray-drying, warehouse-in cools off, sieves, packs, cases.
In this technical process, the purpose of preheating sterilization is the activity of killing Ruzhong microorganism and destructive enzyme, generally adopts bactericidal assay between high temperature, short time, or superhigh temperature instantaneous time bactericidal assay; In raw milk after sterilization, should carry out vacuum immediately and concentrate, generally be concentrated into about 1/4 of raw milk volume, the general small-sized milk plant of concentrator uses the single-action vacuum concentration pan more, relatively large milk plant is then all with economic benefits and social benefits or triple effect cold boiler, also has to adopt the chip cold boiler; Spray-drying be earlier with filtered air by the air blast inspiration, after being heated to 130～160 ℃ by air heater, send into the spray drying chamber, to concentrate breast is simultaneously delivered to sprayer or is pumped to the centrifugal spray rotating disk by milk by high-pressure pump, the emulsion droplet that is sprayed into the 10-20 micron contacts fully with hot-air, carries out the exchange of strong heat exchange and matter, promptly gets rid of moisture, finish evaporation in moment, drying.
All need heating in the above three process, so there is following shortcoming in this technology: the energy consumption height, and Evamilk at high temperature, milk quality worsens easily, and nutritional labeling and fragrance may lose, and destroy the nature of milk.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method and apparatus for preparing milk powder by fresh milk, its main purpose is to overcome sterilization in the existing milk powder preparation technique, concentrates, the spray-drying three process all need heat, can damage the nutritional labeling and the fragrance of milk, and the high shortcoming of energy consumption.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: prepare the method for milk powder by fresh milk, may further comprise the steps: 1) to fresh milk carry out standardization, homogeneous is handled; 2) adopt that to hold back the aperture be that the micro-filtration membrane of 0.1-1um is carried out filtration sterilization, remove bacterium, yeast, mould, spore in the milk, remove the fat in the milk simultaneously; 3) adopt that to hold back the aperture be that the ultrafiltration filter membrane of 0.01-0.1um concentrates, hold back most of protein in the liquid milk, see through, obtain the concentrated milk and lactose plus salts is divided; 4) under vacuum environment, the concentrated milk is sprayed into the emulsion droplet of 10-20 micron by sprayer, irradiate microwaves on the emulsion droplet by microwave generator again, make water evaporates and obtain milk powder.
The aforementioned method for preparing milk powder by fresh milk, further adopting and holding back the aperture is that the NF membrane of 0.001-0.01um is separated concentrated to the liquid that sees through of milipore filter in the described step 3), lactose in the ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid is held back by NF membrane and is obtained concentrating and the recovery compound sugar, sees through liquid and further makes whey powder.
Prepare the equipment of milk powder by fresh milk, comprising: the source milk container, be equipped with raw material milk; The micro-filtration assembly, its inlet is connected with the source milk container by a degerming pump, and this degerming pump imports the micro-filtration assembly with raw material milk; The degerming milk container is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of micro-filtration assembly, stores the degerming milk through the filtration sterilization of micro-filtration assembly; Ultrafiltration module, its inlet is connected with the degerming milk container by a milk concentrating pump, this milk concentrating pump imports ultrafiltration module with degerming milk, and the concentrated solution outlet of this ultrafiltration module is connected with the degerming milk container, and this ultrafiltration module circulates concentrated to the milk of the degerming in the degerming milk container; Concentrate milk container, be connected, store the concentrated milk with the degerming milk container; The vacuum microwave spray tower, be connected with concentrated milk container by a dry pump, this dry pump imports the vacuum microwave spray tower with the concentrated milk, the vacuum microwave spray tower is connected with a vavuum pump, this vavuum pump vacuumizes this vacuum microwave spray tower, the vacuum microwave spray tower is sprayed into emulsion droplet with the concentrated milk, makes water evaporates with microwave radiation emulsion droplet simultaneously; The milk powder jar is connected the milk powder that forms behind the storing and drying with the vacuum microwave spray tower.
Aforementionedly prepare the equipment of milk powder by fresh milk, also comprise: ultrafiltration sees through flow container, is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of described ultrafiltration module, is used to store ultrafiltration through liquid; The nanofiltration assembly, its inlet sees through flow container by a lactose concentrating pump and ultrafiltration and is connected, this lactose concentrating pump sees through liquid with ultrafiltration and imports the nanofiltration assembly, the concentrated solution outlet of this nanofiltration assembly and described ultrafiltration see through flow container, and this nanofiltration assembly circulates concentrated to the ultrafiltration that ultrafiltration sees through in the flow container through liquid; Nanofiltration sees through flow container, is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of nanofiltration assembly, stores nanofiltration and sees through liquid; Concentrate the lactose jar, see through flow container with ultrafiltration and be connected, store by ultrafiltration and see through the concentrated lactose that forms of liquid.
By the above-mentioned description of this invention as can be known, the present invention compares with prior art has following advantage: the per pass operation of whole production technology does not all adopt the mode of heating, but adopt embrane method to carry out degerming, concentrate, adopt vacuum, spraying, microwave to combine and carry out drying, thereby can not destroy nutritional labeling in the milk, can keep the natural flavor of milk, and cut down the consumption of energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is prepared the structural representation sketch of the equipment of milk powder by fresh milk for the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The equipment for preparing milk powder by fresh milk, with reference to Fig. 1, comprise that mainly source milk container T1, micro-filtration assembly MF unit, degerming milk container T2, ultrafiltration module UF unit, concentrated milk container T5, vacuum microwave spray tower W1, milk powder jar T7, ultrafiltration see through flow container T3, nanofiltration component N F unit, nanofiltration sees through flow container T4 and concentrated lactose jar T6.
Source milk container T1 is equipped with the raw material milk behind collection, examination, preliminary treatment, standardization, homogeneous.The inlet of micro-filtration assembly MF unit is connected with source milk container T1 by a degerming pump P1, and this degerming pump P1 imports micro-filtration assembly MF unit with raw material milk.Degerming milk container T2 is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of micro-filtration assembly MF unit, and stores the degerming milk through micro-filtration assembly MF unit filtration sterilization.Harmful germ such as bacterium is held back by micro-filtration assembly MF unit, and milk ingredients then sees through micro-filtration assembly MF unit and enters degerming milk container T2.
The inlet of ultrafiltration module UF unit is connected with degerming milk container T2 by a milk concentrating pump P2, this milk concentrating pump P2 imports ultrafiltration module UF unit with degerming milk, the concentrated solution outlet of this ultrafiltration module UF unit is connected with degerming milk container T2, and this ultrafiltration module UF unit circulates concentrated to the milk of the degerming among the degerming milk container T2.Concentrate milk container T5 and be connected, store the concentrated milk with degerming milk container T2.
Vacuum microwave spray tower W1 is connected with concentrated milk container T5 by a dry pump P4, this dry pump P4 imports vacuum microwave spray tower W1 with the concentrated milk, vacuum microwave spray tower W1 is connected with a vavuum pump P5, and its inner and upper is provided with sprayer unit, and its sidewall is provided with microwave generator.This vavuum pump P5 vacuumizes this vacuum microwave spray tower W1, and vacuum is between 100-10Kpa, and vacuum microwave spray tower W1 sprays into the concentrated milk emulsion droplet of 10-20 micron under this vacuum state, make water evaporates with microwave radiation emulsion droplet simultaneously.Milk powder jar T7 is connected the milk powder that forms behind the storing and drying with vacuum microwave spray tower W1.
Ultrafiltration sees through flow container T3 and is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of ultrafiltration module UF unit, and is used to store ultrafiltration and sees through liquid, and ultrafiltration sees through in the liquid and contains lactose.The inlet of nanofiltration component N F unit sees through flow container T3 by a lactose concentrating pump P3 with ultrafiltration and is connected, this lactose concentrating pump P3 sees through liquid with ultrafiltration and imports nanofiltration component N F unit, the concentrated solution outlet of this nanofiltration component N F unit and described ultrafiltration see through flow container T3, and this nanofiltration component N F unit circulates concentrated to the ultrafiltration that ultrafiltration sees through among the flow container T3 through liquid.Nanofiltration sees through flow container T4 and is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of nanofiltration component N F unit, and stores nanofiltration and sees through liquid, and this part sees through the raw material that liquid can be used as other dairy beverages.Concentrate lactose jar T6 and be connected through flow container T3 with ultrafiltration, store by ultrafiltration and see through the concentrated lactose that forms of liquid, this concentrated lactose can further be made lactose powder or syrup again.
Can reduce following step down by the said equipment by the method that fresh milk prepares milk powder:
One, fresh milk is carried out preliminary treatment, standardization, homogeneous processing, this part is a prior art.
Two, adopting and holding back the aperture is that the micro-filtration membrane of 0.1-1um is carried out filtration sterilization, removes bacterium, yeast, mould, spore in the milk, removes the fat in the milk simultaneously.This micro-filtration membrane can effectively be removed bacterium in the milk, yeast, mould, spore etc., and do not influence seeing through of other active ingredient, degerming rate 〉=99.7% of milk, can replace pasteurize and chemical preservative sterilization, physics method degerming at normal temperatures, avoid the thermal denaturation of protein in the milk, kept the local flavor of fresh milk.In addition, this micro-filtration membrane technology degerming is stable, energy consumption is low, can also remove the fat in the milk, obtains defatted milk.Described micro-filtration membrane can be that organic micro-filtration membrane also can be electrodeless micro-filtration membrane.
Three, it is that the ultrafiltration filter membrane of 0.01-0.1um concentrates that the aperture is held back in employing, holds back most of protein in the liquid milk, sees through and lactose plus salts is divided, can obtain the high concentration degreasing concentrated milk of protein content 〉=85%, keep its original natural flavor simultaneously.Adopt ultrafiltration filter membrane concentration technique can hold back most of protein in the liquid milk, see through, obtain the concentrated milk protein of high protein content and lactose plus salts is divided.It also can be inorganic milipore filter that described milipore filter can make organic milipore filter.
Four, adopting and holding back the aperture is that the NF membrane of 0.001-0.01um is separated concentratedly to the liquid that sees through of above-mentioned milipore filter, and the lactose in the ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid is held back by NF membrane and obtained concentrating and reclaim compound sugar, sees through liquid and further makes whey powder.
Five, under vacuum environment, the concentrated milk is sprayed into the emulsion droplet of 10-20 micron by sprayer, irradiate microwaves on the emulsion droplet by microwave generator again, make water evaporates and obtain milk powder.
Water saturation vapour pressure and temperature are closely related, and under vacuum state, the boiling point of water reduces, i.e. operation operation at low temperatures just under vacuum can be avoided the destruction of nutritional labeling at high temperature, has improved rate of drying simultaneously.In this external vacuum system, the content of air is lower than the content in the atmosphere in the unit volume, carry out under this relative anoxic environment that drying can alleviate even the oxidation chance of the thing of avoiding being dried, pigment brown stain or other oxidation deterioration etc. are so adopt vacuum drying to obtain preferable quality.
The concentrated milk who filters is delivered to sprayer or is pumped to the centrifugal spray rotating disk by milk by high-pressure pump, be sprayed into 10～20 microns emulsion droplet, increase the surface area of emulsion, accelerate the disengagement area and the speed of moisture content.
Microwave drying then is to irradiate microwaves on the emulsion droplet by microwave generator, when microwave is injected emulsion droplet inside, lure of the frequency do synchronously rotation of water isopolarity molecule into microwave, the result that water isopolarity molecule is done rotation at a high speed makes the instantaneous generation frictional heat of emulsion droplet, cause emulsion droplet surface and inside to be heated up simultaneously, a large amount of hydrones is overflowed from emulsion droplet, reach the effect of emulsion droplet drying.Heating such as traditional heating means such as steam, hot blast, electricity are to utilize the principle of hot conduction, convection current, radiation that heat is passed emulsion droplet inside from the outside, from outward appearance to inner essence need the regular hour, so firing rate is slow and be heated inhomogeneously, and energy consumption is higher.Heating using microwave is to make emulsion droplet itself become heater, so be referred to as inside heating method, microwave passes emulsion droplet from all quarter, heating simultaneously neither needs heat transfer medium inside and outside the emulsion droplet, does not also utilize convection current, the emulsion droplet internal and external temperature rises simultaneously, firing rate is fast and even, only needs the part or 1/tens of traditional heating method, and can better keep the nutriment and the original color, smell and taste of milk of milk.
Above-mentioned only is the specific embodiment of the present invention, but design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and allly utilizes this design that the present invention is carried out the change of unsubstantiality, all should belong to the behavior of invading protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1, the method that is prepared milk powder by fresh milk is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) fresh milk is carried out standardization, homogeneous processing;
2) adopt that to hold back the aperture be that the micro-filtration membrane of 0.1-1um is carried out filtration sterilization, remove bacterium, yeast, mould, spore in the milk, remove the fat in the milk simultaneously;
3) adopt that to hold back the aperture be that the ultrafiltration filter membrane of 0.01-0.1um concentrates, hold back most of protein in the liquid milk, see through, obtain the concentrated milk and lactose plus salts is divided;
4) under vacuum environment, the concentrated milk is sprayed into the emulsion droplet of 10-20 micron by sprayer, irradiate microwaves on the emulsion droplet by microwave generator again, make water evaporates and obtain milk powder.
2, the method for preparing milk powder by fresh milk as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopting and holding back the aperture is that the NF membrane of 0.001-0.01um is separated concentrated to the liquid that sees through of milipore filter in the described step 3), lactose in the ultrafiltration membrane permeate liquid is held back by NF membrane and is obtained concentrating and the recovery compound sugar, sees through liquid and further makes whey powder.
3, the equipment that is prepared milk powder by fresh milk is characterized in that comprising:
The source milk container is equipped with raw material milk;
The micro-filtration assembly, its inlet is connected with the source milk container by a degerming pump, and this degerming pump imports the micro-filtration assembly with raw material milk;
The degerming milk container is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of micro-filtration assembly, stores the degerming milk through the filtration sterilization of micro-filtration assembly;
Ultrafiltration module, its inlet is connected with the degerming milk container by a milk concentrating pump, this milk concentrating pump imports ultrafiltration module with degerming milk, and the concentrated solution outlet of this ultrafiltration module is connected with the degerming milk container, and this ultrafiltration module circulates concentrated to the milk of the degerming in the degerming milk container;
Concentrate milk container, be connected, store the concentrated milk with the degerming milk container;
The vacuum microwave spray tower, be connected with concentrated milk container by a dry pump, this dry pump imports the vacuum microwave spray tower with the concentrated milk, the vacuum microwave spray tower is connected with a vavuum pump, this vavuum pump vacuumizes this vacuum microwave spray tower, the vacuum microwave spray tower is sprayed into emulsion droplet with the concentrated milk, makes water evaporates with microwave radiation emulsion droplet simultaneously;
The milk powder jar is connected the milk powder that forms behind the storing and drying with the vacuum microwave spray tower.
4, as claimed in claim 3ly prepare the equipment of milk powder, it is characterized in that also comprising by fresh milk:
Ultrafiltration sees through flow container, is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of described ultrafiltration module, is used to store ultrafiltration and sees through liquid;
The nanofiltration assembly, its inlet sees through flow container by a lactose concentrating pump and ultrafiltration and is connected, this lactose concentrating pump sees through liquid with ultrafiltration and imports the nanofiltration assembly, the concentrated solution outlet of this nanofiltration assembly and described ultrafiltration see through flow container, and this nanofiltration assembly circulates concentrated to the ultrafiltration that ultrafiltration sees through in the flow container through liquid;
Nanofiltration sees through flow container, is connected with the liquid outlet that sees through of nanofiltration assembly, stores nanofiltration and sees through liquid;
Concentrate the lactose jar, see through flow container with ultrafiltration and be connected, store by ultrafiltration and see through the concentrated lactose that forms of liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200810071749XA CN101396049A (en) | 2008-09-08 | 2008-09-08 | Method and device for preparing milk powder prepared by fresh milk |
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| CNA200810071749XA CN101396049A (en) | 2008-09-08 | 2008-09-08 | Method and device for preparing milk powder prepared by fresh milk |
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| CN101396049A true CN101396049A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
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| CNA200810071749XA Pending CN101396049A (en) | 2008-09-08 | 2008-09-08 | Method and device for preparing milk powder prepared by fresh milk |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106353156A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-25 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Standard mix based on rapid detection of ewe milk composition and preparation process thereof |
| CN107279284A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 湖南贝恩叮当猫婴童用品有限公司 | A kind of concentration of milk powder and spray drying process |
| CN108041161A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-18 | 新希望双喜乳业（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of transparent packed plain chocolate |
| CN108651624A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-16 | 太仓武广机电科技有限公司 | It is dried in vacuo milk powder producing process |
| CN109984198A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-09 | 飞潮（无锡）过滤技术有限公司 | A kind of high protein low lactose skimmed milk powder production technology |
| CN111213712A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-06-02 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Concentration method and apparatus |
| CN111758786A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-13 | 杭州利项科技有限公司 | Milk powder beneficial to health of diabetic patients and production equipment and production method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-09-08 CN CNA200810071749XA patent/CN101396049A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106353156A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-25 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Standard mix based on rapid detection of ewe milk composition and preparation process thereof |
| CN107279284A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 湖南贝恩叮当猫婴童用品有限公司 | A kind of concentration of milk powder and spray drying process |
| CN108041161A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-18 | 新希望双喜乳业（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of transparent packed plain chocolate |
| CN108651624A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-16 | 太仓武广机电科技有限公司 | It is dried in vacuo milk powder producing process |
| CN109984198A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-09 | 飞潮（无锡）过滤技术有限公司 | A kind of high protein low lactose skimmed milk powder production technology |
| CN111213712A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-06-02 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Concentration method and apparatus |
| CN111213712B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2023-09-19 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Concentration method and apparatus |
| CN111758786A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-13 | 杭州利项科技有限公司 | Milk powder beneficial to health of diabetic patients and production equipment and production method thereof |
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Open date: 20090401 |