CN101391635A - Telescopic strut for motorcycle or bicycle has a three part construction with two inline springs - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a suspension system for the front wheel of a vehicle with a single front wheel, such as a bicycle, a tricycle and a motorcycle. The suspension system includes a frame that implements variable setting of a turning point by at least one oscillating arm; a plurality of forked joints, wherein at least one is designed with two parts to provide a variable distance between the turning shafts; and a sliding york connected to the front wheel, including at least three parts to ensure the whole system or part to be applied with elastic reaction to guide the front wheel.

Description

Be used to have the front wheel suspension system of the vehicle of a single front wheel

The present invention be proposed on July 29th, 2003, name is called the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention No.031584357 of " front wheel suspension system that is used to have the vehicle of a single front wheel ".

The application requires the preceence of following application: the applying date is that the German application 20211656.5,20211655.7 and the applying date on July 29th, 2002 is the German application 20214757.6 on September 24th, 2002.

Technical field

The application relates to a kind of front wheel suspension system and method for front-wheel of the vehicle that are used to have a single front wheel, and the described vehicle are motor bike for example, three-wheel vehicle and bicycle.

Background technology

The front wheel suspension system that most of known being used to have the vehicle of a single front wheel has the wheel body lifting curve of determining (wheel-elevation curve) that the integral structure by the vehicle is predetermined.The wheel body lifting curve of determining is the moving curve of front-wheel in the four corner of axle spring system of the vehicle.Therefore, determine the parameter value of the driving performance of such vehicle, for example deflection angle, wheelmark are just determined by the structure of the axle spring system within spring range.Usually, because wheel body guiding device (for example telescopic fork) is a captive joint to the distance between the steering shaft, the wheelmark value directly and by geometry is determined by the correction of arbitrary deflection angle.

Thereby for example in the brake operation of a high-intensity motor bike, it is very precipitous that deflection angle becomes, and it is very short that wheelmark becomes, motor bike thereby rock.In the brake operation of the mountain bike with big elastic range, when mountain bike is gone down the hill and during through a projection, it is too precipitous that deflection angle can become, wheelmark too short-range missile causes the danger that people by bike falls down and increases.Under these circumstances, revise any variation that the elastic range that is provided with can not be realized the wheel body lifting curve usually, because elastic range mostly just is made up of an independent elastic element, this elastic element only allows a lifter motion.Thereby telescopic fork is generally used for bicycle, the front wheel suspension system of three-wheel vehicle and motor bike, and this system forms by a framework with telescopic fork bonded assembly forked element.

The framework of known Bicycles and Motorcycles allows bump steer, such variation normally realizes by the exchange plug-in unit, described plug-in unit makes in framework has different Support Positions with two strong points of mode bonded assembly of determining, and steering angle has been determined in the Support Position.Because necessary fitting work, this expends time in very much, and the forked element that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles known to has realized changing with special bearing the possibility of steering head angle so far.For this purpose, for example single ball bearing of main shaft of bearing or spherical roller bearing are applied to the aspect that is connected of steering shaft bearing aspect or at least one fork-shaped pillar and forked element.Thereby by the correction of steering head angle under pressure, the initial value of described steering head angle is definite by departing from of fixation fork body between steering shaft and the fork-shaped boom shaft, makes wheelmark successfully change.Because their special designs, when the potential main correction by the steering head angle of wheelmark variation caused, using above-mentioned bearing for example only was the many of cylindrical bearing or cup and cone bearing costliness than traditional bearing.

The known two parts telescopic forks that are used for Bicycles and Motorcycles are through projection or brake with when quickening, and an independent motion of two Connection Elements only is provided in the compression of elastic element and rebound stroke.Thereby, in two kinds of driving scene, just obtained the Geometric corrections of same steering angle and front-wheel wheelmark.The correction of this frame geometry even in different driving-situations, always keeps same unchangeably, makes that optimizing driving performance almost is impossible with the driving-situation that is adapted to each vehicle.

Illustrated as accompanying drawing 12 and 13, in this known system, in the recoil position of elastic element, steering angle of having determined or gradient " R " have been pre-determined by the framed structure of steering head.Wheelmark " T " has determined by the fixed range of steering shaft that also telescopic fork be arranged in parallel with respect to steering shaft by so-called forked element.Now, when reaching the maxim of elastic range under pressure, the steering angle value is linear change with respect to elastic range separately; And in company with bump steer together, wheelmark also is linear change, that is to say, it is more and more precipitous that steering angle constantly becomes, and it is shorter and shorter that wheelmark constantly becomes.

Therefore we need a kind of improved front wheel suspension system of front-wheel of the vehicle that be used to have single front-wheel, and the described vehicle are motor bike, three-wheel vehicle and bicycle for example, so that overcome the defective of aforesaid known system.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the front wheel suspension system of the vehicle that is used to have a front-wheel by the elastic system elastic reaction, and comprise a system, this system regulates each member by diverse ways, it can fast and be easy to adapt to respective field of application and driving-situation, particularly about steering angle value and wheelmark in whole elastic range.It is mainly used in Bicycles and Motorcycles.

Front wheel suspension system of the present invention is made up of following member: the framework of bicycle, three-wheel vehicle or motor bike, this framework allow the clamp connection correction deflection angle by the forked element of conversion on the fork body; Turning point is connected in swing arm by framework at least on one point, and at least one at least two forked elements of framework also can be manufactured into and be two-part forked element, and it allows steering head angle and wheelmark is adjustable at whole elastic range.In addition, the invention provides the elastic element of the novelty that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles, telescopic fork, its allow to stretch into the converting motion of sliding block joint part in the whole stroke of whole elastic range be variable.So that the different possibilities of framework, forked element and elastic element relative adjustment suitably to be set, system provides the multiple possibility of regulating.Particularly about desirable wheel body lifting curve, limited by deflection angle and wheelmark parameter, realized regulating by elastic element and selected, this elastic element substantially is different from hitherto known such device.

According to system of the present invention, it is made up of following member: the turning point of (1) at least one swing arm of use realizes the framework of variable setting; (2) a plurality of forked elements, wherein at least one can be designed to the forked element of two parts, and this two parts forked element provides the variable range between the steering shaft; (3) be connected in a special-purpose telescopic fork of front-wheel, this telescopic fork has three parts at least, so that front-wheel has or some or all of elastic reaction ground is directed by total system.

The present invention also comprises the embodiment of framework, and its steering head angle is adjustable, and passes through the simple converting motion of the clamp connection of forked element, can realize very fast regulating.

According to the present invention, forked element is because its two-part structure can be subdivided into necessary rotation and gyroscopic movement.Thereby, forked element allows to use the bearing of less cost on the one hand, and, on the other hand, according to special embodiment, because it has realized that in whole revolution range the fork body departs from the variation of (that is, the steering shaft pivot point is with respect to departing from the geometric correlation distance of forked element place fork-shaped boom shaft), therefore can provide the possibility of the other variation of wheelmark.

Because be specifically applied to motor bike and bicycle, the structure of telescopic fork of the present invention is made up of attaching parts slidably, when in brake or acceleration and process projection, described slidably attaching parts can slide over each other and enter in the corresponding sliding part and single-piece compression of realization front-wheel and resilience.Because the special construction of telescopic fork at least three parts, it always relies on the setting and the connecting bridge rate of attenuation each other of each elastic element, and the suitable different relative motions of each connecting bridge can realize in whole elastic range.Thereby in compression and brake process, the other correction of preceding deflection angle can realize in whole elastic range stroke, and is for example relevant with variable suspension turning point, and its correction is different from the correction of the deflection angle of known compression realization by traditional telescopic fork.

The feature of system of the present invention is the combination of at least two mutually independent adjustable elastic elements, and each elastic range addition of this elastic element obtains being directed the whole elastic range of front-wheel.This is provided with thereby provides the variable frame geometry relevant with deflection angle and wheelmark specially.At least one elastic element need be connected in the middle of at least one variable pivotally attached turning point, and this turning point is supported by the swing arm of vehicle frame.Because the correction of at least one elastic range, framework is by being provided with at least one swing arm, and steering shaft just has been defined with respect to described framework by the relative set of this at least one swing arm, thereby has formed the corresponding deflection angle of framework.At least one second elastic element or be directly connected in the lower tine Y joint separately, perhaps be connected the telescopic fork inside with at least three part-structures, it connects relatively thereon in the whole elastic range of elastic element of at least one swing arm of variable articulation steering point and guides front-wheel to such an extent as to connect elastic element.When this second elastic element compression, the whole vehicle change about the deflection angle of road plane.

Thereby the driving performance of the vehicle can be changed by regulating each elastic element, and described elastic element will make the deflection angle of front wheel suspension system and the key parameter value of wheelmark change.In other words, the selection setting of each elastic element can provide the Geometric corrections of different deflection angle and wheelmark respectively, and its summation is the whole elastic range of front wheel suspension system.

For example under the direct coupled situation of telescopic fork, the bearing of the variable strong point should allow by utilizing forked element, the rotation of turning point and gyroscopic movement at the wheel body guidance unit.Forked element can be designed as the ball-and-socket type connection bearing, spherical roller bearing or so-called single ball joint.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one forked element, upper tine Y joint for example, be designed to a two-part forked element, that the bearing of this forked element at the steering shaft place is designed to traditional type so that may divertical motion only be arranged, there is not the gyroscopic movement of the first of its forked element.The second portion of the forked element that this is special is connected to elastic element by traditional clamp connection, for example is connected to the top of special telescopic fork.Two parts of this forked element are connected to each other by axis of revolution again.During taking exercises respectively when at least two parts of many parts forked element system are compressed, special telescopic fork and the distance that is designed between the turning point of two-part forked element have been changed.Specific embodiments according to two parts forked element, particularly about the location of axis of revolution, additional wheelmark in the steering swivel system scope changes just have been realized, this variation is to be independent of the wheelmark variation that the correction of the deflection angle of the total system relevant with the road surface level of the vehicle produces.

In another one preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one other existing forked element is designed to a two-part structure.Yet in this case, axis of revolution is passed in the bearing of the traditional design at steering shaft strong point place.

In preferred embodiment further, at least one other existing forked element is designed to a two-part structure, but in this example, axis of revolution passes special telescopic fork line of centers, and the bearing that is positioned at steering shaft strong point place is made according to traditional approach.

And in a further advantageous embodiment, the elastic element on top is designed to a shock absorber, but is supported on swing arm and the framework.

Also have another embodiment, system is described according to the version of three elastic elements combinations, and three elastic elements can independent regulation between mutually, and connects by two swing arms mutually.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing of one embodiment of the invention, represents whole front wheel suspension system, and Fig. 1 x is an amplification view, and the conventional fork shaped joint that has the ball-and-socket type joint at the steering shaft place is described.

Fig. 1 a is the scheme drawing that is similar to Fig. 1, is the forked element of two parts but Fig. 1 a1 represents superposed forked element, and the forked element that Fig. 1 a2 represents to be positioned at the bottom is the ball-and-socket type joint;

Fig. 1 b is the scheme drawing that is similar to Fig. 1 a, is the ball-and-socket type joint but Fig. 1 b1 represents superposed forked element, and the forked element that Fig. 1 b2 represents to be positioned at the bottom is the forked element of two parts;

Fig. 1 c is the scheme drawing that is similar to Fig. 1 a, is the forked element of two parts but Fig. 1 c1 represents superposed forked element, and the forked element that Fig. 1 c2 represents to be positioned at the bottom is the forked element of two parts, and the axis of revolution of this forked element passes turning point;

Fig. 1 d is the scheme drawing that is similar to Fig. 1 c, but it is the forked element of two parts that Fig. 1 d1 represents superposed forked element, the forked element that Fig. 1 d2 represents to be positioned at the bottom is the forked element of two parts, and the axis of revolution of this forked element passes the line of centers of bottom Flexible element;

Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 are similar, but its expression now according to the present invention by changing the clamped position of lower tine Y joint simply with respect to telescopic fork, thereby the possibility that the gradient (rake) and the wheelmark of framework carried out basic setting;

Fig. 2 A is the scheme drawing of similar Fig. 2, but expression is used for two movably another embodiment of the vehicle frame of swing arm that comprise of steering head adjusting;

Fig. 3 is the present invention with having two or three sliding wheels advance the forked element that the fork body of unit uses or the planar view of triple clamp mechanism;

Fig. 3 a is the end elevation view of the triple clamp mechanism of Fig. 3;

Fig. 4 is three parts telescopic fork illustrative;

Fig. 4 A is and the similar scheme drawing of Fig. 4, but only represents that lower member comprises an elastic element;

Fig. 4 B is and the similar scheme drawing of Fig. 4, but represented another embodiment of fork body;

Fig. 4 B1 is an amplification front elevation, has further represented being connected of intermediary element and its two parts;

Fig. 4 C be one with scheme drawing like Fig. 4 category-B, but represented that lower member only comprises another embodiment of the fork body of an elastic element;

Fig. 4 C1 is an amplification front elevation, has further represented being connected of intermediate member and its two parts;

Fig. 4 D is one or four a parts fork body scheme drawing;

Fig. 4 D1 is an amplification front elevation, further two of presentation graphs 4D connections of pitching body member, two parts;

Fig. 4 E is that only bottom and upper component comprise another embodiment scheme drawing of the four parts fork body of an elastic element;

Fig. 4 E1 is an amplification front elevation, further two of presentation graphs 4E connections of pitching body member, two parts;

Fig. 4 F is another embodiment scheme drawing that two members of only bottom comprise the four parts fork body of an elastic element;

Fig. 4 F1 is an amplification front elevation, further two of presentation graphs 4F connections of pitching two parts in the body member;

Fig. 4 G is another embodiment scheme drawing that comprises the four parts fork body of an elastic element in the member of only foot;

Fig. 4 G1 is an amplification front elevation, further two of presentation graphs 4G connections of pitching two parts in the body member;

Fig. 5 is a whole front wheel suspension scheme drawing, the application of presentation graphs 4B fork body;

Fig. 5 a is the part amplification front elevation of Fig. 5, the forked element of expression bottom;

Fig. 6 is the front wheel suspension scheme drawing, and an embodiment of the application of single vibrations suspension (monoshock suspension) and Fig. 4 A fork body is used in expression;

Fig. 7 is the scheme drawing of front wheel suspension, is illustrated in the application of embodiment and Fig. 4 D fork body of one second swing arm of use in the suspension system;

Fig. 8 is the scheme drawing of front wheel suspension, the embodiment that presentation graphs 4 fork bodies are used, and the fork body has a rigid member between two swing arms;

Fig. 9 is a front wheel suspension scheme drawing, is illustrated in the application of embodiment and Fig. 4 E fork body of use second swing arm in the suspension system that makes up with single vibrations suspension unit;

Figure 10 is a front wheel suspension embodiment scheme drawing similar to the embodiment of Fig. 9, but expression is to use the modification of single vibrations suspension unit and the application of Fig. 4 F fork body;

Figure 11 is and Fig. 9,10 the similar front wheel suspension scheme drawing of embodiment, but represents that two elastic elements use the modification of a single vibrations suspension unit and the application of Fig. 4 G fork body;

Figure 12 is a chart, is illustrated in the elastic range of routine fork body shown in Figure 13 and the relation between gradient and the wheelmark; And

Figure 13 is conventional fork body scheme drawing, and the geometric correlation of gradient and wheelmark has been described.

The explanation of preferred embodiment

System design

Accompanying drawing schematically illustrates main portion of the present invention.Principle of the present invention being applied in the specialized structure of the two-wheeled vehicle, is conspicuous to these those skilled in the art.Show that as accompanying drawing front wheel suspension system of the present invention includes 50, one trailing wheels 20 of framework and the front-wheel 26 on the wheel with ground engagement of being supported on that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles.Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the structure of the whole front wheel suspension system that comprises framework 50.The modification that the later-model framework that this Fig. 2 represents and Fig. 2 A represent, more detailed description hereinafter.It provides basic deflection angle is easy to comprehensively regulate select, and thereby has fixing top turning point 51 and a fixing suspension point 58.Be operably connected to bottom turning point 53 at suspension point 58, one reverse levers or swing arm 52.Framework 50 has forked element 54 and 55 in two turning points 51 and 53, waves and rotatablely moves thereby provide.

In the embodiment in figure 1, ball-and-socket type plug-in unit 73 is used to support turning point 51 and 53, shown in Fig. 1 x, plug-in unit clamps threaded connector 74 by at least one and is maintained within forked element 54 and 55, an elastic element 57 is mounted on the forked element 55 of bottom, and an elastic element 56 relies on clamp connection 71 to be mounted to the forked element 54 on top via the threaded fittings that at least one threaded connector 72 is provided.According to the embodiment separately of system, for example in having direct coupled three part telescopic forks, the straightforward extension of axis of the anchor clamps 71 of elastic element. Forked element 54 and 55 is connected to a special elastic system 59 via clamp connection, elastic system 59 by at least 2 mutually independently elastic element 56 and 57 form.These elastic elements 56 and 57 elastic range add up to the whole elastic range of suspension system.By regulating each elastic element 56 and 57 setting separately, system provides different steering head angles and the variation of the front-wheel 26 wheelmark values of the front-wheel 26 that is guided.

In the embodiment in figure 1, elastic system 59 is made into the telescopic fork of three parts, will further describe with reference to figure 4 hereinafter.In addition, according to Fig. 1 a-d preferred embodiment further, thereby utilize special two parts forked element to realize providing the purpose of variable wheelmark.This later-model two parts forked element, perhaps some the time triple clamp that relates in Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 a, describe, and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1 a (with Fig. 1 a1 and 1a2) is illustrated in the detailed diagram that top sub 54 is used two parts forked element (expression in detail in Fig. 3 and 3a) and used traditional forked element with ball-and-socket type joint at bottom fitting 55.

Fig. 1 b is illustrated in the detailed diagram that bottom fitting 55 is used two parts forked element and used traditional forked element with ball-and-socket type joint in top sub 54.

Fig. 1 c is illustrated in top sub 54 and uses two parts forked elements and use the detailed icon of two parts forked elements at bottom fitting 55, and wherein S. A. passes turning point.

Fig. 1 d is illustrated in top sub 54 and uses two parts forked elements and use the detailed icon of two parts forked elements at bottom fitting 55, and wherein S. A. passes the line of centers of lower elastic member.

Frame Design

Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 A show the possibility that is easy to regulate of framework 50 pitch adjustment.Therefore, the structure of this framework of proposing here makes and realizes that in the shortest time revising deflection angle becomes possibility.At least one turning point 51 or the 53 removable settings that realize by the travelling arm 52 of framework 50 make it and can change by the deflection angle that vertically moving of forked element 55 causes, forked element 55 is included in the clamp connection on fork body or the telescopic fork 57, and fork body or telescopic fork can provide several different designs.In one embodiment, the strong point 51 or 53 of steering shaft is set at a position movably.In embodiment further, the strong point 53 of steering shaft and 53a are by two swing arms 52 and the removable location of 52a.

Thereby, as shown in Figure 2, the steering head strong point 51 and 53 of decision steering head angle is not all to be permanently fixed to framework 50, but wherein at least one is fixed in a strong point 53 movably, for example, in the steering head axle, be connected in the fixing front suspension point 58 of framework 50 by utilizing an end pivoting, and the other end is connected in the reverse lever or the swing arm 52 of turning point 53.The dotted line of Fig. 2 show by connect thereon arm 52 and the oscillating motion of turning point 53, clamp connection is moved in the triple clamp of the fork body of any kind, thereby makes the variation of gradient be easy to realize.In the embodiment of Fig. 2 A, determine that the support of steering head angle or turning point 53 and 53a are not permanent fixations, but by using two reverse levers or swing arm 52 and 52a to be connected in its steering head axle two movably turning point 53 and 53a.In this case, forked element 54 only has the function of turning to by fixing turning point 51a.

The variation of deflection angle can be independent of described special fork body design and realize.For example, in one embodiment, at the forked element place of an inverted telescopic fork by the change that has just obtained deflection angle of moving of clamp connection.In another embodiment, the correction of deflection angle realizes with the clamp connection of fork body joint by moving with rigidity fork body (single flexible design-calculated tradition front fork).In another embodiment, the correction of deflection angle is by the mobile realization at the clamp connection of the forked element of three part telescopic forks (double telescopic of three component designs).To be described these different embodiment forked element and telescopic forks that are used for of the present invention now.

The forked element design

Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 a show the preferred embodiment that is used for a forked element of front wheel suspension system of the present invention, and forked element is called as triple clamp sometimes.Triple clamp is the equipment that is exclusively used in motor bike and bicycle, and is a kind of mechanical connection manner that arrives at least one fork-shaped pillar between the turning point axle.The forked element that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles has so far been realized so a kind of possibility, that is: use special bearing to change the steering head angle.For this purpose, for example single ball bearing of main shaft of bearing or spherical roller bearing or be used for steering shaft support aspect or be used for connection aspect between at least one fork-shaped pillar and the forked element.Thereby under pressure,, just can realize that the variation steering shaft of wheelmark and the fixation fork body between the fork-shaped boom shaft depart from and determine initial value by the correction of steering head angle.In other words, the known existing triple clamp that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles only mainly allows the selection by departing from equipment with the fixing criterion numeral (be called and depart from) of the distance between the vertical center line that changes vertical duction axle and fork-shaped pillar wheelmark to be changed.Thereby how much wheelmarks change the function that departs from as just the steering head angle (gradient) of framework and also produce according to the wheel running body that the suspension motion in the flexible front fork produces.Because its special design, when potential wheelmark changes correction mainly due to the steering head angle and causes, use above-mentioned bearing many than for example simple cylindrical bearing of traditional bearing or tapered roller bearing costliness.In the specially for carrying out example that has realized of present forked element, such forked element, because its two-part structure, be subdivided into necessary rotation and gyroscopic movement, thereby allow use to spend few bearing on the one hand, and on the other hand, rely on embodiment separately, because forked element has realized that the variation that departs from whole turning circle fork body (promptly, the pivot point of steering shaft departs from respect to the geometric correlation distance of pitching the pillar body axle in forked element), therefore provide wheelmark the additional possibility that changes.

In the embodiment that Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 a represent, forked element parts 1 comprise that in this case 2 clamping seats 71 are used to connect the fork-shaped pillar; Be angle modification, forked element parts 1 are connected with its member 2 with at least one axial bolts (axisbolt) 11 by at least one hole 6 that is positioned on the axis of revolution 8.Member 2 comprises a partial bores 4 pivot point and at least one supporting seat 5 to connect steering shaft, and this supporting seat is used for installing a traditional bearing (, as an example, tapered roller bearing) herein around axis of revolution 8.

With respect to steering shaft 10 parallel position of (point 14 is considered to pivot point), how much fork bodies depart from 7 can departing from 7 " sum obtain by the forked element member 2 that departs from 7 ' add axis of revolution 8 of the forked element member 1 of fork-shaped pillar and axis of revolution 8 and steering shaft 10 at the axis of fork-shaped pillar 9 (point 15 have geometric correlation).Thereby forked element of the present invention is designed to a two-part structure, and it allows to realize the correction of angle between steering shafts and the fork-shaped boom shaft by being arranged at axis of revolution 8 between this two.

Because possible rotatablely moving around axis of revolution 8, geometric correlation point 15 with respect to the point 15 of the geometric correlation of forked element member 1 ' distance change so that pitch body and depart from 7 " ' geometric correlation part (point 15 ' and how much of the centre of gration of the S. A. of steering shaft 14 connect) by fork-shaped boom shaft 9 ' and steering shaft 10 between the correction realization of angle separately.Thereby, except when pressure produces, only changing the wheelmark angle modification that realizes, also can change the wheelmark of the wheel of forked element guiding of the present invention by the steering head angle.

In two embodiment, the angle modification between steering shaft and the fork-shaped boom shaft can cause the axis of revolution 8 and the vertical center line of steering shaft or fork-shaped boom shaft to intersect.These embodiment allow the above-mentioned variation of steering head angle, and to put fruit be limited yet additional wheelmark changes.

In another embodiment example, axis of revolution 8 is arranged at the distance of choosing wantonly in the geometric correlation connection lead of steering shaft and corresponding fork-shaped boom shaft.

In another embodiment, axis of revolution 8 is placed following arbitrary position: the distance that (1) geometric correlation tieline between the steering shaft of steering shaft back and corresponding fork-shaped boom shaft is chosen wantonly outward; Perhaps (2) optional distance in the geometric correlation tieline outside between fork-shaped boom shaft fwd steering shaft and corresponding fork-shaped boom shaft.According to the position of axis of revolution 8, these embodiment can provide the prior wheelmark of the possible embodiment that describes than earlier paragraphs to change.

And in another embodiment, may use flexible material to produce the variation of angle.

Unique forked element of the present invention, promptly triple clamp allows by using at least one regulating plate 12, adjustable range 7 ' length with the wheelmark variation effect of control fork Y joint structure; And also allow by using at least one regulating plate 13, " length is with the wheelmark variation effect of control fork Y joint structure for adjustable range 7.Like this, triple clamp of the present invention separates necessary rotation and flex motion, allows the variation of gradient and wheelmark with the design of passing through two blank area, and allows the not too expensive bearing of portion's use within it.It also allows geometry to turn to two static change of wheelmark, and one another is according to during two connecting bridge deflections of triple clamp according to the deflection angle adjusting, and the flex motion that continues in the deflection angle scope is regulated.

Telescopic fork

To 4C, describe the various embodiment of three part telescopic forks of the present invention with reference to figure 4 and 4A, it allows the stroke of movable part to regulate.

Now the known two parts telescopic fork that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles only is used to compression and resilience perpendicular movement, does not enough consider the change of the geometry of horizontal deflection and consequential lasting gradient and wheelmark.Thereby, to quicken, brake meets with in the process of a certain situation of irregular road surface/wheelmark, in motion by bike, the geometry of unable change framework, thus can not realize optimization.

The known two parts telescopic fork that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles is when crossing projection or brake and acceleration, and a single movement of two Connection Elements only is provided in the whole process of the elastic compression of elastic element and resilience.Thereby, under two kinds of driving-situations, just obtained the Geometric corrections of same deflection angle and front-wheel wheelmark.At present the structure of telescopic fork is made up of the slidably attaching parts that is specifically applied to Bicycles and Motorcycles, and they can slip into mutually, in brake or quicken and when cross projection, realization front-wheel single-piece compresses and resilience.Owing to the specialized structure of telescopic fork at least three parts, always rely on the setting and the link damping rate respect to one another of each elastic element, the different suitable relative motion of each link can realize in the whole elastic range of elastic element.Thereby in compression and brake process, the additional corrections of preceding deflection angle can realize in whole springing stroke that for example relevant with variable suspension turning point, its correction is different from the correction that traditional telescopic fork compresses the known deflection angle that obtains.

In the whole stroke of front stretching fork of the present invention, there is the chance that continues to change the preceding deflection angle of the two-wheeled vehicle, particularly when front fork is used to engage with forked element, forked element provides non-rigid and is connected between the frame unit of the vehicle and steering unit.

In addition, by three part telescopic forks design of the present invention, deflection turns to and the advantage of frame geometry can realize by interlock adjusting between framework and fork body.And improve because the rigidity of significant overlapping parts is whole, other advantage that intensity increases also has been achieved.

In the common embodiment of Fig. 4, be connected in the following connecting bridge 21 of the telescopic fork of guidable front-wheel 26 by axle, quilt is slipped in the transom 22 of middle part or around it, middle part transom 22 slips in the top transom 23 or around it successively.In this embodiment, the flexural strength of raising is mainly realized by each transom a large amount of overlappings each other.

In embodiment further, bottom connecting bridge 21 is supported by elastic element 24, and elastic element 24 is near on the next door 27 that is installed in Connection Element 22, and the elastic element 25 of Connection Element 22 connected pieces 23 supports.Because bottom connecting bridge 21 is supported by middle part connecting part 22 by elastic element 24, bottom connecting bridge 21 will move according to corresponding load mutually, when central part connecting part 22 was also supported by last part connecting part 23 by elastic element 25, it also moved according to load.Rely on the respective springs modulus of rigidity of regulating each elastic element 24 and 25, link 21,22 is realized in whole elastic range stroke with 23 different each other relative motions.

At a special embodiment, telescopic fork operating room 28 and 29 is mutually independently about elastic reaction not only, and also independent mutually at the damping of regulating the damping arrangement generation of controlling by flow velocity.This provides the selection of further additive regulating.Present embodiment provide two independently the operating room be used for elasticity and shock damping action, owing to different separately spring rates and rate of attenuation produce different adjustings, in the whole elastic range of telescopic fork, produce the sinking campaign that enters corresponding pipe portion cause in various degree.

In another embodiment, thus utilize gas-pressurized to replace traditional spring as elastic element.

Further among the embodiment, the only lower member 21 of three part telescopic forks is designed to elastic element at Fig. 4 A, and it only is not have elastomeric guiding elements that upper component 23 is designed to.In this embodiment, operating room 29 forms between middle part member 22 and upper component 23, and is used to the damping purpose, and operating room 28 forms between lower member 21 and middle part member 22, and the middle part member is used for elasticity and damped motion.

Fig. 4 B has illustrated another embodiment of one three part telescopic fork, the version of Fig. 4 C presentation graphs 4B embodiment.According to the embodiment of Fig. 4 B, middle part transom 22A is made into two-part structure.For example, its component part 22B and 22C use ball-and-socket type joint 80 (seeing Fig. 4 B1) to be connected to each other.Here, transom 22B and bottom transom 21 form first elastic element 57, and transom 22C and top transom 23 form second such elastic element 56.

According to the embodiment of Fig. 4 C, middle part Connection Element 22A is made by two-part structure.Its two parts 22B and 22C are connected to each other by ball-and-socket type joint 80 (seeing Fig. 4 C1).In the present embodiment, transom 22B and bottom Connection Element 21 forms an elastic element, and transom 22C and top Connection Element 23 form slidably guidance unit.

In 4G, four embodiment of four part telescopic forks are described at Fig. 4 D.Be used to whole front wheel suspension system according to these embodiment of Fig. 7 to 11.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4 D, represented a tetrameric telescopic fork, its 3rd transom 23a is designed to two parts.These second and third part 23b and 23c be connected to each other by the ball and cocket joint shown in Fig. 4 D1 80.Second portion 23b and transom 22 have formed the elastic element of second centre, and transom 23C and the 4th transom 30 have formed the 3rd top Flexible element.Thereby, between bottom transom 21 and second transom 22 and between transom 22 and the second portion 23b and between third part 23c and the 4th transom 30, formed 3 different operating rooms and be used for elasticity and damping effect, in whole elastic range by regulate separately spring rate and the different adjustment means of rate of attenuation so that the motion of body separately of stretching in various degree to be provided.

According to the embodiment of Fig. 4 E, the operating room between the transom part 23b and second transom 22, two parts can slide over each other, and do not have elastic element and do not have any elastic effect in this operating room, as just a guidance unit.

According to the embodiment of Fig. 4 F, the 3rd transom 23a comprises 2 parts.These second are connected by the ball-and-socket type joint of representing as Fig. 4 F1 80 with 23c with third part 23b.Third part 23c and the 4th transom 30, can slide over each other respectively enters among the other side, has formed the guidance unit that any elastic effect is not provided.

According to the embodiment of Fig. 4 G, the second portion 23b and second transom 22 and third part 23c and the 4th transom 30, can slide over each other respectively enters in the counterpart member, only provides guidance unit and does not have any elastic effect.

In any one aforesaid embodiment, Flexible element can use gas-pressurized as elastic element, rather than traditional spring.

The combination of the component of a system

Fig. 5 represents that (Fig. 5 is bonded assembly elastic element 56 and 57 and the embodiment of the connected system of the telescopic fork that is provided with according to Fig. 4 B a) by ball-and-socket type joint 80.Here, ball-and-socket type joint 80 is assemblied in elastic element 57 inside and tightens by screw fit part 81 and elastic element 56.Here, it is inner unimportant that ball-and-socket type connection 80 is set at forked element 55.Yet elastic element 57 is connected and is mechanically fastened on the forked element 55 is vital, the telescopic fork among the preferably arbitrary embodiment of Flexible element 57.

In Fig. 6, shown in the system embodiment elastic element 56 are single vibrations suspensions, it leans against on the framework 50 by point of connection 56a, and leans against in the swing arm 52 by point of connection 56b.In this case, guidance unit 56c is the unit of a guiding function, is formed and is not had any spring function (for example telescopic fork of Fig. 4 A) by two sections bodys that can slip into mutually.Guidance unit 56c pipe portion only is delivered to front-wheel 26 with steering effort from vehicle handgrip (not shown).Here, between guidance unit 56c and elastic element 57, be direct connection.Yet guidance unit 56c also can be connected to elastic element 57 by the ball-and-socket type joint, shown in Fig. 5 a (for example, the telescopic fork of Fig. 4 C).

Fig. 7 represents the embodiment of elastic system 59, and it also provides second swing arm 52a except that the swing arm 52 that has existed, and the latter is pivotally connected on the framework 50 by suspension point 58a.At the other end of swing arm 52a, turning point 53a is provided, represented the steering shaft of suspension system with the turning point 53 of swing arm 52.Extend along the 3rd forked element 55a, whole springing of elastic system 59 are assigned to three Flexible element 56d, among the 56e and 57, like this, allow the other wheel body lifting curve about the whole front wheel suspension system of steering head angle and wheelmark.In the present embodiment, forked element 54 only has the function of turning to by turning point 51a.The structure of forked element 54 can be designed to as shown in Figure 3. Elastic element 56e and 57 be connected and realize by the telescopic fork for example in Fig. 4 D, described.So, elastic element unit 56d is connected to elastic element unit 56e must with Fig. 5 a represent consistent.

In system shown in Figure 8, unit 56f is not had any elastic effect by rigid design.Thereby the three part telescopic forks of representing among employed telescopic fork and Fig. 4 B embodiment are consistent.In this embodiment, realize about the variation of deflection angle and wheelmark adjusting by swing arm 52 and 52a and their suspension point 58 and 58a length.Whole elastic range at the front-wheel 26 of front wheel suspension system limits by elastic element 56d and 57 elastic ranges that produce.

According to the version of Fig. 9 system, Flexible element 56e also can be designed to single vibrations suspension unit and abut against in the swing arm 52 by Coupling point 56b, but and abuts against on the swing arm 52a by Coupling point 56g.In the case, the link 23b and 22 of telescopic fork only has guiding function in system, and any elastic effect is not provided, and describes as the embodiment of Fig. 4 E.

In another version of system shown in Figure 10, elastic element unit 56d also can be designed to single vibrations suspension unit and abut against on the swing arm 52a by Coupling point 56g, and abuts against on the framework 50 by Coupling point 56h.In this case, the connecting bridge 23c and 30 of flexible framework only bears intrasystem guiding function, and does not have any elastic effect, described in the embodiment of Fig. 4 F.

And in another version of system shown in Figure 11, two elastic element 56d and 56e also can be designed to single vibrations suspension unit, and can abut against on the swing arm 52a by Coupling point 56g, and abut against on the framework 50 by Coupling point 56h, and abut against in the swing arm 52 and by Coupling point 56b and to abut against on the swing arm 52a by Coupling point 56g.In the case, the link 23c of telescopic fork and 30 and link 23b and 22 only have intrasystem guiding function, but do not provide any elastic effect, the embodiment that describes as Fig. 4 G.

Summary

The unique suspension system that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles of the present invention allows by the adjustable variation of its member to steering angle, particularly by in suspension moves (suspension action) elastic movement of front-wheel being divided at least two partly elastic movements.They are adjustable, and in them at least one turning between the triple clamp support, and another must be connected to below the triple clamp support of bottom at least.When described support turning point is connected to framework by the swing arm at least one position of framework, other and adjustable changes in pitch have been produced.The structure of framework is a kind of scheme of utilizing adjustable steering head to come design framework, turns to the triple clamp support by optionally locating, but easily realizes the adjusting of steering head with regard at high speed.The structure of framework allows the variation of the framework steering head angle in the very short time.Be connected to the variable steering point of the swing arm of framework by utilization, turn to the triple clamp support to move, realize the variation of deflection angle along the central axis of arbitrary design-calculated telescopic fork or fork body.

The structure of two parts triple clamp of a deflection described herein can increase the stability of bicycle or motor bike.By allowing the pivotal motion in triple clamp, produce a kind of additional therefore geom effect of the change wheelmark of generation.When with turn to-during the connected system of framework synergy, the geometric correlation that has obtained gradient changes, and during in brake or through projection, has improved the stability of the vehicle.In addition, it is possible utilizing the less bearing of cost, and this is opposite with the situation of bearing in the steering component that is generally used for motor bike and bicycle, and the rigidity triple clamp that The latter is traditional is realized these variations.

In addition, the structure of many members telescopic fork described here and its version allow the selected resistance have many kinds between the motion between its link.Quickening and slowing down and when meeting with irregular road surface improving control in motion process, these inner relevant parts provide the steering stability of enhancing when use with connecting arm.

Aforesaid various different preferred embodiments are regarded as merely the illustrative of the principles of the inventions.Further, since, be easy to expect a large amount of corrections and variation, do not wish to limit the invention to the structure and the operation of definite expression and description for the experienced people of this area; Correspondingly, for the experienced people of this area, the correction that all are suitable and obviously be equal to replace and be considered to drop within the following claim restricted portion of the present invention.Equally very important, claim has been considered to comprise the such equivalent structure in the spirit and scope of not leaving present invention.

Claims (13)

1, is used for the telescopic fork of Bicycles and Motorcycles, it is characterized in that, obtain the available elastic range of described telescopic fork by three links that can slip into each other between mutual.

2, the telescopic fork that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, following part connecting part is supported by middle part connecting part by an elastic element, and rely on corresponding load to move, and middle part connecting part is also supported by last part connecting part by elastic element, also relies on corresponding load to move.

3, as the described telescopic fork that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that, down between part connecting part and the middle part connecting part and between middle part connecting part and last part connecting part, have the operating room of two separation to be used for elasticity and damped motion, owing to the different adjustment of separately spring rate and rate of attenuation causes in the whole elastic range of telescopic fork the emperipolesis amount in the respective tube also different.

4, as the described telescopic fork that is used for Bicycles and Motorcycles of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, gas-pressurized is used as elastic component, thereby replaces traditional spring.

5, a kind of tetrameric telescopic fork, itself and front wheel suspension system one are used from the guiding and the springing of the front-wheel of the wheeled vehicles with single front-wheel, and the described vehicle are bicycle for example, three-wheel vehicle, this telescopic fork comprises:

Bottom first transom that is connected to the front-wheel of the vehicle;

One second transom;

One the 3rd transom, the 3rd transom have by interconnected two parts of ball-and-socket type joint; With

One top the 4th transom, first transom in first operating room with respect to second connecting bridge slidably, second transom in second operating room with respect to the first of the 3rd transom slidably, the second portion of the 3rd transom in the 3rd operating room with respect to top the 4th transom slidably.

6, a kind of tetrameric telescopic fork as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, first transom is supported by second transom by the elastic element in first operating room, second transom supports by the first of the elastic element in second operating room by the 3rd transom, and the second portion of the 3rd transom is supported by top the 4th transom by the elastic element in the 3rd operating room.

7, a kind of tetrameric telescopic fork as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that second operating room does not comprise elastic element, only is damping purpose guiding elements as second transom in the first of the 3rd transom.

8, a kind of tetrameric telescopic fork as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, first transom is supported by second transom by the elastic element in first operating room, second transom supports by the first of the elastic element in second operating room by the 3rd transom, the second portion of the 3rd transom can slide in the 3rd operating room in the 4th transom of top, and the 3rd operating room is as just the guiding elements that is used for the damping purpose.

9, four part telescopic forks as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that second operating room does not comprise elastic element, only for the damping purpose, in the first of the 3rd transom as the guiding elements of second transom.

10, as claim 5,6,7,8 or 9 described four part telescopic forks is characterized in that, are elastic elements at each operating room's in-to-in gas-pressurized.

11, a kind of telescopic fork of three parts, itself and front wheel suspension system one are used from the guiding and the springing of the front-wheel of the wheeled vehicles with single front-wheel, and the described vehicle are bicycle for example, three-wheel vehicle; Telescopic fork comprises:

A bottom transom that is connected to the front-wheel of the vehicle;

Transom in the middle of one;

A top transom;

And middle transom is manufactured to two parts, and these two parts are by bottom of ball-and-socket type joint bonded assembly and a top;

With respect to the first of middle transom slidably, with respect to the top transom slidably, each operating room comprises elastic element to the second portion of middle transom to the bottom transom in second operating room in first operating room.

12, a kind of three part telescopic forks as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that second operating room does not comprise elastic element, as just the guiding elements that is used for the damping purpose.

13, as claim 11 or 12 described a kind of three part telescopic forks, it is characterized in that the gas-pressurized in each operating room is an elastic element.

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