CN101377789B - Method and apparatus for composing furnace by plate blank in steel-smelting production process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for forming kilns with slabs in the steel manufacturing process, which comprises the following steps: a local database is established for receiving and sending contract data; slabs are grouped according to the marks of the steel, and the widths of the slabs in the same group are transformed; the mapping relation of the selected widths of the slabs and the remaining materials, the total numbers of the final widths and the maximum use widths of the slabs is determined; a function representation is acquired for each mapping relation; functions are optimized by using double-deck genetic encoding mode to determine the optimized widths of the slabs for forming kilns; kilns are formed according to the determined slab widths. After kilns are formed according to the method, the remaining material is reduced; the inventories are reduced; and the cost is further reduced. In addition, the productive capacity is improved.

Description

Composing furnace by plate blank method and device in the steel-smelting production process

Technical field

The present invention relates to the metallurgical automation field, more particularly, relate to a kind of based on slab Fixed width furnace combination method and device in the steel-smelting production process of double-deck coding genetic.

Background technology

In Iron and Steel Production, steel-making, continuous casting are two tight supporting links.After user's change release arrived, through Quality Design and production design, contract changed a virtual slab of piece into, and exactly slab being combined with the stove during steel-making is that unit smelts, and enters conticaster at last and casts.What consider during steel-making group stove is that tapping mark slab identical and that width is identical is formed a stove, and a discontented stove is still by a stove production, and unnecessary part is surplus material.Because the width of slab is a scope, how to determine that therefore the width of slab and the surplus material behind the feasible group stove are minimum, use breadth extreme to improve production capacity as far as possible is part thing highly significant.

Steel-making group stove is to carry out with the form of group square table at present, promptly slab is pressed the minimum widith merger, and the planner is at the auxiliary down manual group stove of computing machine then.Because slab is by the minimum widith merger, does not carry out any optimization, so the width number behind the group stove may be a lot, surplus material also can be a lot, nor are to produce by breadth extreme as far as possible, and this will directly influence the casting process and the production capacity performance of back.

Publication number is the Chinese invention patent application of CN1792501, and the group that discloses in a kind of steel-making continuous casting producing process connects batch method of watering.This method is calculated second step of steel smelting-continuous casting, promptly organizes CAST-LOT (connect water batch).

Publication number is the Chinese invention patent application of CN1775422, discloses the group tundish method in a kind of steel-making continuous casting producing process.This method is the calculated third step of steel smelting-continuous casting, promptly organizes the tundish part.

Publication number is the Chinese invention patent application of CN1775416, discloses the tapping plan scheduling method in a kind of steel-making continuous casting producing process.This method is the final step part of steel-making continuous casting plan, i.e. casting machine distribution portion.

Publication number is the Japanese application for a patent for invention of JP09-094646, discloses the method for control slab cutting in a kind of direct casting.This method is when the direct casting slab, how to select contracted quantity cutting, makes to cut the waste, and it has used genetic algorithm to determine a concrete slab length, controls cut point by the contracted quantity of the best.

Above-mentioned several invention is the subsequent step behind the group stove in the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION.

In direct casting, equipment and working condition thereof that furnace combination method is related are as described below.

Converter: body of heater is rotatable, the metallurgical furnace of the steel that is used to blow.Converter body is made with steel plate, and is cylindrical, and inner lining refractory by the chemical reaction heat heating, does not need external heat source during blowing, is most important steelmaking equipment.Converter has the max cap. restriction, and molten steel must not surpass its max cap. during smelting.The converter capacity major part that Baosteel Branch's is used is 300 tons, and 250 tons electric furnace is also arranged, and stainless converter then is 150 tons.

Conticaster: molten steel flows into the crystallizer formation base shell that water-cooled copper plate constitutes by tundish (a kind of large-scale funnel device) continuously, dragged the passage of forming toward by a series of rollers then, with fine and closely woven water smoke strand is sprayed cooling simultaneously, the process that is frozen into slab up to strand fully just is continuous casting.And this a series of equipment and device are exactly conticaster, the width of conticaster can be regulated when casting, can only leniently arrive narrow accent usually, and minimum breadth adjusting quantity is 50 millimeters, maximum breadth adjusting quantity is 100 millimeters, the anti-words of transferring or surpassing breadth adjusting quantity are easy to cause bleed-out, and the minimum casting width of general slab caster is 900, and maximum casting width is 1450, the available width of whole like this conticaster is 12: 900,950,1000,1050,1100,1150,1200,1250,1300,1350,1400,1450.

The tapping mark: be one group of code of representing product technological procedure and technical regulation title, represent the quality requirements that this stove steel and steel ingot want concrete product technological procedure and technical regulation to stipulate, it has characterized the composition and the performance of a series products.

Lateral pressure amount: casting slab well is when carrying out hot rolling, both sides have the side pressure roller that it is extruded to make its width when hot rolling exports meet the requirement of contractual delivery, therefore contract is when quality and production design, consider this lateral pressure amount, its casting width range can enlarge, and will make slab be easier to combination at casting time ratio like this.

Material design: be exactly according to manufacturing technique requirent, contract is become Pork-pieces virtual slab.

Contract group square table: a matrix statistical form contract being pressed the minimum widith merger, " OK " be different tapping marks, " row " are 12 casting width, to represent the distribution situation of contract in each width of different tapping marks, be convenient to the structure that the planner grasps contract, work out out more rational steel-smelting continuous casting plan.

The group stove: during steel-making be identical tapping mark divide identical molten steel to pour stove stove smelting in the converter into, but steel-making finishes the back will cast at once, though still be molten steel in the converter therefore, be Pork-pieces virtual slab in fact, as long as become slab in kind once watering to cast.Therefore contract is after the material design becomes virtual slab, how they is combined in the converter with regard to needs and makes steel.Requirement to slab during steel-making is that the tapping mark is identical, and the requirement to slab during continuous casting is that width leniently arrives narrow arrangement, so group stove problem is exactly tapping mark slab identical and that specification is close to be formed a stove make steel.

Surplus material: converter has fixed capacity, in order not waste production capacity, every stove is all produced by its normal capacity, if contract is fewer, does not enough become one heat steel water, still smelt by one heat steel, the slab that unnecessary molten steel casting comes out has just become the referable nothing of no contract and has entrusted material, also claims surplus material, the words meeting waste material that surplus material is too many, overstock the stock, increase cost.

The steel-smelting continuous casting plan of iron and steel enterprise at present is based on artificial planning, common flow process is, at first to be printed as form to all contracts (seven, 800 contracts can be arranged), the time that spends a few hours is then consulted the details of each contract, study the mutual relationship between each contract, so that when working out plan, can hold from macroscopic view, make it can satisfy the logistics demand of each later process, satisfy the technological requirement of each operation again, give full play to the production capacity of each operation simultaneously; When specifically working out plan,, on operating terminal, work out the steel-making continuous casting plan then by contract group square table and contract Basic Information Table.Artificial establishment planning process so just makes the planner will expend very big energy and puts into form and consult that because the difference of level and custom, the plan of establishment also alternates betwwen good and bad.

Detailed process is as follows:

1) prints all contract information forms, analyze emergency condition, the flow direction, the technological requirement of contract;

2) set up the contract dataset pond, and contract is become virtual slab material;

3) generate contract group square table, analyze the width distribution situation of contract;

4) according to steel-making and continuous casting rules, the width of setting tapping mark, slab, stove number etc.;

5) generate the pneumatic steelmaking plan of a stove or many stoves according to setting value.

Traditional continuous casting plan preparation method mainly relies on people's brain to think deeply, computer system has only provided the interface of an operation, input system as a result after people's consideration is obtained the result that a people has had the ability to anticipate, and nearly all step has artificial decision.

Steel-making group stove is to carry out with the form of group square table at present, promptly slab is pressed the minimum widith merger, and the planner is at the auxiliary down manual group stove of computing machine then.Because slab is by the minimum widith merger, do not carry out any optimization, so the width number behind the group stove may be a lot, surplus material also can be a lot, nor be to produce by breadth extreme as far as possible, this will directly influence the casting process and the production capacity performance of back, and the width of selected contract and decision might not be optimum.

As previously mentioned, slab caster can be cast with 12 kinds of width, different contracts has different width casting scopes, therefore after contract becomes virtual slab through material design, its casting width also is a scope, how to determine that therefore the width of slab and the surplus material behind the feasible group stove are minimum, use breadth extreme to improve production capacity as far as possible is part thing highly significant.

In the prior art at present still fully by manually organizing stove, and be minimum widith generation group square table with contract, not only width is not optimized when therefore manually organizing stove, and the width of slab do not perform to maximum yet, the shortcoming that also has a maximum be exactly after manually organizing stove surplus material too many.

Summary of the invention

The subject matter of group stove determines a width for exactly every block of slab, then all slabs in this width are formed one heat steel by converter capacity and smelt, a not enough stove still by a stove production, unnecessary slab is handled by surplus material.The width number was few as far as possible after the main target of group stove was organized stove exactly, and surplus material is minimum again simultaneously, and every block of slab is pressed breadth extreme production as far as possible.

The present invention aim to provide in a kind of novel computer assisted steel-smelting production process furnace combination method and system, press the situation of minimum widith merger during at present artificial steel-making group stove, proposed from the optional casting width of slab, to select the method for optimal width, surplus material when so just making steel-making group stove significantly reduces, the breadth extreme utilization rate improves, fully play the continuous casting production capacity, reduce cost.

The present invention has solved the problems referred to above by the following technical programs.

Composing furnace by plate blank method in the steel-smelting production process of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1) sets up local data base, carry out contract dataset and receive the pond;

(2) by the grouping of tapping mark, same group of interior slab carries out the width conversion;

(3) determine that selected width of slab and surplus material, the last total number of width, slab use the mapping relations of breadth extreme;

(4) each mapping relations being obtained function expresses;

(5) use double-deck genetic coding mode that function is optimized, determine to treat the width of slab;

(6) according to the width of plate slab group stove of determining.

According to the present invention, each clauses and subclauses in the described local data base comprise: slab number, slab minimum widith, slab breadth extreme, slab weight, tapping mark.

Double-deck genetic coding mode according to the present invention is optimized and comprises:

A) the double-deck coding of structure chromosome;

B) chromosome is formed initial population, and carries out random initializtion;

C) calculate the ideal adaptation degree, preserve optimum chromosome;

D) select defect individual to carry out crisscross inheritance by interlace operation, revise, revise illegal coding, it is legalized by coding;

E) produce offspring's individuality by variation, replace initial population and upgrade;

F) recomputate the ideal adaptation degree of new population, preserve optimum chromosome, upgrade global optimum's chromosome;

G) judge whether iterations reaches pre-determined number, if "Yes" then stop algorithm being exported optimum chromosome, if "No" then change the step d) iteration;

H) optimum chromosome is decoded, the width that obtains every block of slab is determined scheme.

According to an aspect of the present invention, be used for the steel-making group stove that sheet billet continuous casting is produced.

According to composing furnace by plate blank method of the present invention, particularly, comprise the steps:

(1) sets up local data base, carry out contract dataset and receive the pond;

(2) by the grouping of tapping mark, same group of interior slab carries out the width conversion;

(3) determine that selected width of slab and surplus material, the last total number of width, slab use the mapping relations of breadth extreme;

(4) each mapping relations being obtained function expresses; By the double-deck coding of double-deck coded system structure chromosome, the figure place of ground floor is that the width of conticaster can be used number, and the figure place of the second layer equals the slab number, forms matrix;

(5) produce several chromosomes and form initial population, and carry out random initializtion, wherein the chromosome number is generally fixed according to actual conditions, the too little local optimum that is absorbed in easily, too the computation time too of a specified duration, preferably 100～200;

(6) calculate the ideal adaptation degree, preserve optimum chromosome, wherein, u, v, these parameters of w are weights of several objects, have embodied the preference to each target, and u is the weight of breadth extreme, v is the weight of minimum surplus, and w is the minimum weight of width, and these parameters can arbitrarily be provided with in 0～1 scope on the principle, as long as u+v+w=1 generally chooses according to producing actual needs, as gets u=0.02, v=0.49, w=0.49, or u=0.01, v=0.7, w=0.29;

(7) select defect individual to carry out crisscross inheritance according to certain probability by interlace operation, revise illegal coding, it is legalized, wherein, this probability is the content of genetic algorithm the inside, crossover probability is a scope, has heredity in order to guarantee the offspring, intersects as far as possible, therefore this probability should be a little bigger, between preferably desirable 0.5～1.0, but do not comprise 1.0, more preferably 0.85～0.9;

(8) pass through mutation operation according to certain probability, produce offspring's individuality, replace initial population and upgrade, wherein, this probability also is the content of genetic algorithm the inside, the variation probability also is a scope, the rule of simulating nature circle, and the probability of general variation is all smaller, therefore this probability should point, between preferably desirable 0～0.1, but do not comprise 0, more preferably 0.05;

(9) recomputate the ideal adaptation degree of new population, preserve optimum chromosome, upgrade global optimum's chromosome;

(10) judge whether iterations reaches pre-determined number, and "Yes" then stops algorithm, exports optimum chromosome, "No" is then changeed step (7) iteration, and wherein, iterations is to decide as required, should not be too little, otherwise be easy to also not converge to optimum point, generally get more than 100; But can not be too big, otherwise computing time be oversize, therefore, is preferably 100～1000;

(11) optimum chromosome is decoded, the width that obtains every block of slab is determined scheme;

(12) slab actual sets stove.

According to the present invention, described slab actual sets stove comprises:

All slabs are according to the width grouping of determining, as dividing into groups according to 12 width noted earlier: 900,950,1000,1050,1100,1150,1200,1250,1300,1350,1400,1450.In case slab has been determined to use which width, they just can be grouped in certain width group, after all slabs are grouped into each width, have just formed a new group square table, and only this group square table has carried out optimization;

Slab weight in the every group ground summation that adds up;

Organize stove with converter normal capacity and tolerance, get total stove number;

Surplus material in calculating every group;

Calculate total surplus material;

The molded breadth utilization factor.

Composing furnace by plate blank system in the steel-smelting production process of the present invention comprises:

Contract dataset is received pool device, is used to carry out contract dataset and receives the pond, forms local data base;

Virtual slab material design apparatus becomes virtual slab to the order contract;

The width converting means is used for the scope that the original width range conversion one-tenth of slab is set;

The Function Mapping device is used for obtaining function according to mapping relations and expresses;

The genetic coding design apparatus is used to carry out double-deck genetic coding design, gives every double-deck coding of chromosome structure;

Genetic operator intersects and correcting device, is used to carry out the genetic coding interlace operation, and illegal coding is revised;

Genetic operator variation and correcting device are used to carry out the genetic coding mutation operation, and illegal coding is revised;

Decoding device is used to search the individuality of optimal-adaptive degree, obtains its matrix of variables, determines the width of every block of slab;

The composing furnace by plate blank device is used for organizing stove according to optimizing the width of plate slab of determining.

Described interlace operation is carried out two point of contacts intersection at the ground floor of double-deck coding structure; Described mutation operation is at the second layer of the double-deck coding structure method mutation operation that suddenlys change.

More specifically, the method for group stove in the steel-smelting production process of the present invention comprises:

Set up local data base, carry out contract dataset and receive the pond, and the order contract is converted to virtual slab, each clauses and subclauses in the described local data base comprise slab number, minimum widith W1, breadth extreme W2, slab weight G, the mark of tapping;

All slabs are divided into groups by the tapping mark, and same group of interior slab carries out the width conversion.Because 12 casting width of slab caster are continuous saltus steps, therefore represent that with 1～12 transformation for mula is so just arranged:

D=int[(W-850)/50]; Int represents to round

Therefore the numerical value [D1i, D2i] that every width range of slab i soon also can be converted in 1～12 is described:

D1i＝int[(W1i-850+49)/50]

D2i＝int[(W2i-850)/50]

Information such as certain piece slab is as follows:

Slab number	The tapping mark	Minimum widith W1	Breadth extreme W2	Weight G
					Slab1	AP1055E1	965	1274	21.50

Then the information after the conversion is:

Slab number	The tapping mark	D1	D2	Weight G
					Slab1	AP1055E1
	3	8	21.50

Why carrying out above-mentioned conversion, is can better carry out code Design when finding the solution optimal width for back design genetic algorithm;

According to the definition of the surplus material of steel-making, determine the mapping relations between selected width of slab and the surplus material;

Determine the mapping relations of selected width of slab and the last total number of width;

Determine that selected width of slab and slab use the mapping relations of breadth extreme;

Each mapping relations is obtained function express, this function is expressed with the selected width of slab relation, sets up matrix variables Xij (i=1 for this reason, 2 ..., n piece slab, j=1,2 ... 12 kinds of width), represent whether i piece slab selects j width, 1 expression is selected, 0 expression is not, and [D1i, D2i] is exactly its original field of definition, promptly

Every block of slab can only select a width to cast, and therefore some basic constrained are arranged:

$\begin{array}{cc}\underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}=1,& i=\mathrm{1,2},\·\·\·,n;\end{array}$

Slab uses the function of breadth extreme to express as far as possible:

$\max \begin{array}{c}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}\·j\end{array}$

The minimum function of width number is expressed:

$\begin{array}{cc}\min & \underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{Y}_j\end{array}$

Wherein $Y_j=\min (1,\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}),$ J=1,2 ..., 12; (as long as certain width has slab, this width just has been used)

The minimum function of surplus material is expressed:

$\begin{array}{cc}\min & \underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{R}_j\end{array}$

Wherein

(T is a converter capacity)

The overall expression formula that described function is expressed is:

$\min \begin{array}{c}\underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{R}_j+\underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{Y}_j-\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}\·j\end{array}$

Use genetic algorithm GA to find the solution to above-mentioned target, carry out the design of genetic algorithm below:

By the conversion of width field of definition, we obtain the integer in 1～12 of being chosen as of width, therefore can design the coding of genetic algorithm according to routine, promptly design character chromosome x [n]=(x of n position ₁, x ₂..., x _i..., x _n), x _iFrom character set 1,2 ..., 9, A, B obtains among the C}.So just can intersect and mutation operation,, can not produce illegal coding during intersection such as using two point of contacts to intersect.Variation can be adopted the transposition variation, because every block of slab has its width range, may produce illegal coding when therefore making a variation, and at this moment needs its coding of field of definition correction.

The shortcoming of conventional genetic algorithm: because n value very big usually (thousands of blocks of slabs can be arranged) also is that chromosome reaches hundreds of kilobits that go up, the point of contact is selected too many during intersection, its hereditary validity is difficult to guarantee, therefore also be doubled and redoubled computing time, restrains extremely slowly, lost the meaning of this algorithm substantially.

For fear of the long problem of coding, we can carry out code Design like this, and chromosome is divided into two-layer, and ground floor length is 12, characterizes 12 width; The second layer is the n position altogether, uses the 0-1 coding, characterizes the possible slab number of each width, is that 1 this slab of expression has used the pairing width of its ground floor, sees Fig. 1 for details.

Only carry out during interlace operation like this, do not have the long problem of coding at ground floor.But can produce illegal coding when intersecting, promptly violate every block of slab and can only select a width or slab not to select the constraint of any one width, need revise this moment according to this constraint.

Carry out at the second layer during mutation operation, adopt 0-1 sudden change method, promptly select a certain position, 0 becomes 1 or 1 becomes 0, is revising according to top described constraint then.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of device that is used for the steel-smelting production process composing furnace by plate blank, comprising:

Local data base, each clauses and subclauses in the described local data base comprise slab number, minimum widith W1, breadth extreme W2, slab weight G, tapping mark;

Contract dataset is received pool device, determines the order contract set that will produce according to initial conditions;

Virtual slab material design apparatus becomes Pork-pieces virtual slab to the order contract;

The width converting means becomes scope between 1～12 to the original width range conversion of slab by following transform:

A second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of device that is used for the steel-smelting production process composing furnace by plate blank, comprising:

Local data base, each clauses and subclauses in the described local data base comprise slab number, minimum widith W1, breadth extreme W2, slab weight G, tapping mark;

Contract dataset is received pool device, determines the order contract set that will produce according to initial conditions;

Virtual slab material design apparatus becomes Pork-pieces virtual slab to the order contract;

The width converting means becomes scope between 1～12 to the original width range conversion of slab by following transform:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}D1i=\mathrm{int}[(W1i-850+49)/50]\\ D2i=\mathrm{int}[(W2i-850)/50]\end{array}\right.$

The Function Mapping device obtains slab according to mapping relations and uses breadth extreme, the minimum function of minimum, the surplus material of width number to express as far as possible, and the overall expression formula that described function is expressed is:

$\begin{array}{c}\min \underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{R}_j+\underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{Y}_j-\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}\·j\end{array}$

The genetic coding design apparatus, to matrix variables Xij (i=1,2 ..., n piece slab, j=1,2 ..., 12 kinds of width) and the double-deck coding of implementation;

Genetic operator intersects and correcting device, carries out two point of contacts at ground floor and intersects, and illegal coding is revised;

Genetic operator variation and correcting device carry out the variation of 0-1 sudden change method at the second layer, and illegal coding is revised;

Composing furnace by plate blank device, the width for the treatment of slab all determine good after, carry out the actual sets stove.Through behind follow-up group tundish and the group CAST, whole plan just generation is good, then the L3 execution level is transferred in all heat plans again for group stove well, and promptly steelworks is carried out.

The present invention is on the basis of having considered steel-making and continuous casting process condition, analyzed the restriction relation between them, the composing furnace by plate blank problem model has been proposed, express by the function that mapping relations obtain between matrix variables and a plurality of target, and obtain the width field of definition of easier coding by the width conversion, the right last GA algorithm that uses is found the solution, and determines the actual casting width of every block of slab at last, and the plan of recomposition heat is issued to converter and produces.Different with general GA algorithm is, the present invention has used double-deck coded system, has avoided that the long decoding that brings of single layer coding is consuming time, calculated amount is huge, search efficiency is low, speed of convergence waits problem slowly.

In actual production at present, steel-making group stove is manually finished entirely, and the width of every block of slab is by the minimum widith merger, and its result who causes is that the width number is more, and surplus material is also a lot, and every block of slab is not produced by breadth extreme as much as possible.The present invention then well solves these problems, and can remedy the deficiency that artificial group of furnace zone come, and surplus material is reduced, and the stock reduces, and then the cost reduction, and the continuous casting production capacity is improved simultaneously.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the genetic coding design.

Fig. 2. double-deck code construction device.

Fig. 3. interlace operation---parents.

Fig. 4. interlace operation---offspring.

Fig. 5. interlace operation---correcting device.

Fig. 6. the mutation operation device.

Fig. 7. process flow diagram.

Embodiment

Below by specific embodiment be described with reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention.

Suppose that factory receives a collection of order, should how to organize pneumatic steelmaking to produce?

1. at first order is become producible contract, by after receiving pool device, contract is imported local data base again through Quality Design and production design;

2. obtain thousands of blocks of virtual slabs by the material design apparatus, by tapping mark grouping back certain class tapping mark of hypothesis 500 blocks of virtual slabs are arranged, its slab information is as follows:

Table 1 slab information

Slab	Minimum widith W1	Breadth extreme W2	Weight G
				Slab1	1288	1450	25.80
Slab2	1231	1450	20.40
				Slab3	1126	1376	19.74
Slab4	1146	1396	21.43
				Slab5	1021	1251	16.82
Slab6	967	1197	17.42
				……	……	……	……
Slab498	1270	1370	18.52
				Slab499	984	1214	14.62
Slab500	900	1092	19.66

3. through the width converting means, obtain following table:

Table 2 slab group square table

Annotate: 1 this slab of expression can use this width in the form, also is the width field of definition [D1i, D2i] of every block of slab.

If genetic algorithm encoding routinely, then designing chromosome is X[500]=(x ₁, x ₂..., x ₅₀₀), x _iValue from the set 1,2 ..., 9, A, B chooses (illegal coding is according to its width field of definition correction) among the C}, and every chromosome reaches the hundreds of position like this, certainly will influence the efficient of genetic algorithm.Therefore must abandon the single layer coding of conventional genetic algorithm, change and use the bilayer coding of introducing previously.

4. set up matrix variables Xij, and use double-deck genetic coding design apparatus, give every double-deck coding of chromosome structure, ground floor is 12: Y[12]=(y ₁, y ₂..., y ₁₂); The second layer is 500: (x ₁, x ₂..., x ₅₀₀), then X is individual 12 * 500 matrix, referring to Fig. 2.

Though the second layer is 500 among Fig. 2, some code value can determine that in advance even this slab can not use this width, then is made as 0 in advance, sees empty lattice among the figure according to the width field of definition.Then within the width field of definition, the code value that also is them can be 0 to real lattice among the figure, also can be 1, but must satisfy the constraint that every block of slab can only and must be decided a width:

$\underset{i=D1}{\overset{D2}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x}_{\mathrm{ij}}=1$

5. after genetic coding is constructed, just can use genetic algorithm to find the solution.Setting the population size is 200, promptly produces 200 above-mentioned chromosomes, by the width field of definition some code value is changed to 0 in advance, other random initializtion, and promptly every row are selected a position at random from remaining bit be 1, other is changed to 0.Such as x to Fig. 2 ₁Row, y ₁～y ₈The provisional capital is changed to 0, selects delegation to be changed to 1 then at random, if select y ₉OK, y then _a, y _b, y _cRow is changed to 0 entirely.

6. use the genetic operator skewing mechanism, above-mentioned chromosome is carried out crisscross inheritance.As previously mentioned, heredity intersects at ground floor to be carried out, promptly to (y ₁, y ₂..., y ₁₂) chromosome carries out two point of contacts and intersect, setting crossover probability is 0.85, produces 2 point of contacts at random, is assumed to be between 3,4 and 8,9, then their interlace operation can be as shown in Figure 3.By becoming as shown in Figure 4 behind the skewing mechanism.

7. use the intersection correcting device.

May have illegal coding after the intersection, as italicized item among Fig. 4, or be exactly that slab is not specified any one width, or be exactly to have specified 2 width, therefore need make coding legal according to the constraint correcting encoder.When revising coding,, can specify one at random,, can remove one at random having specified the slab of 2 width to not specifying the slab of any width, but not with apperance of former generation.Referring to accompanying drawing 5

For avoiding occurring the chromosome the same, the above-mentioned individual following correction rule that adopts with the former generation:

1) if slab is not specified any one width, then specifies at random, such as child 1 x in the head or tail section at two point of contacts ₂Row are at the y of rear ₉, y _a, y _b, y _cThe middle appointment;

2) if slab has been specified two width, then only keep that of interlude, such as child 1 x ₃Row, the y7 that only keeps interlude is 1, and y ₉Become 0 from 1.

8. use the mutation operation device.

Mutation operation carries out at the second layer, and setting the variation probability is 0.05, selects a certain row at random earlier, such as x ₇Row are selected a certain position more at random, the 0-1 sudden change are carried out in this position, such as y ₆The position originally was 0, now became 1, simultaneously according to retraining y ₄The position becomes 0.

Being that example is used the mutation operation device with child 1 below, is result after the variation as Fig. 6:

9. Function Mapping device.Matrix variables X _IjThe function that is mapped to each target is expressed:

1) every block of slab is pressed breadth extreme production as far as possible

$\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="max\; Obj"\; filenames="S07145364120070920E000011.png,S07145364120070920E000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">max</figure-callout>}\mathrm{Obj}3=\underset{i=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{500}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}\&CenterDot;i$

2) width is minimum

$\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="min\; Obj"\; filenames="S07145364120070920E000012.png,S07145364120070920E000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">min</figure-callout>}\mathrm{Obj}2=\underset{i=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Y}_i$

$Y_i=\min (1,\underset{j=1}{\overset{500}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}),$ i＝1，2，…，12；

3) surplus material is minimum

$\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="min\; Obj"\; filenames="S07145364120070920E000011.png,S07145364120070920E000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">min</figure-callout>}\mathrm{Obj}1=\underset{i=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{R}_i$

(T is a converter capacity, gets 300)

Be combined into fitness function at last, in case all slabs have all been selected a width, promptly the value of Xij has all been determined, then can be converted to the fitness evaluation value:

fitness＝u*obj3-v*obj1-w*obj2；

U, v, w are the objective optimization weight, if u+v+w=1, any value between desirable 0～1, one group of optional parameter is u=0.02, v=0.49, w=0.49.The size of fitness value has characterized the quality of the selected width of slab, strong will the keeping of fitness when therefore hereditary.

10. decoding device.

Search the individuality of historical optimal-adaptive degree, obtain its matrix of variables Xij, then the width of every block of slab is:

$\mathrm{Wj}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{12}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{X}_{\mathrm{ij}}\&CenterDot;i,j=\mathrm{1,2,3},...,500;$

So far, the width of all slabs is all determined.

11. group furnace apparatus.

In case the width of slab is determined, just can have been carried out the actual sets stove.Group stove process is as follows:

1) all slabs promptly are divided into 12 groups to slab by the width grouping of determining;

2) the slab weight in every group add up summation ∑ Gj;

3), get total stove and count the S stove with converter normal capacity 300 and tolerance ± 20 group stove;

4) calculate every group of interior surplus material Ri=300 * S-∑ G;

5) calculate total surplus material ∑ Ri;

6) molded breadth utilization factor.

12. plan passes device down.

Behind the intact heat of all slab groups, and sequence order, manufacturing directive number (pono number) in taxs, then whole pneumatic steelmaking plan formation by conticaster casting rule.Plan generate the back by with L3 be issued to steelworks at line interface, steelworks is just made steel in converter according to the heat scaduled sequence that sequences.

For above-mentioned simulation example, following calculation procedure can be arranged, as shown in Figure 7:

(1) set up local data base, the use contract is received pool device and is pressed certain condition importing contract;

(2) by the material design apparatus contract is become virtual slab, and by the grouping of tapping mark;

(3) read in the information such as width range, weight of 500 blocks of slabs of certain class tapping mark,, obtain slab group square table through the width converting means;

(4) use the double-deck coding of double-deck code device structure chromosome, ground floor is 12, i.e. directed quantity Y[12], the second layer is 500, and matrix X[12 is promptly arranged] [500];

(5) produce 200 chromosomes and form initial population, and carry out random initializtion;

(6) use the Function Mapping device to calculate the ideal adaptation degree, preserve optimum chromosome, get u=0.01, v=0.7, w=0.29;

(7) select defect individual to carry out crisscross inheritance by 0.85 probability use interlace operation device,, it is legalized by the illegal coding of coding correcting device correction;

(8) use the mutation operation device by 0.05 probability, produce offspring's individuality, replace initial population and upgrade;

(9) use the Function Mapping device to recomputate the ideal adaptation degree of new population, preserve optimum chromosome, upgrade global optimum's chromosome;

(10) judge whether iterations reaches 1000 times, and "Yes" then stops algorithm, exports optimum chromosome, "No" is then changeed step (7) iteration;

(11) optimum chromosome is decoded, the width that obtains every block of slab is determined scheme;

(12) use the composing furnace by plate blank device, all slabs are carried out the actual sets stove, generate the plan of steel-making heat, leniently arrive narrow ordering, tax manufacturing directive number by the casting width;

(13) pass to steelworks under the plan, carry out the actual STEELMAKING PRODUCTION of converter, the molten steel that refining is good enters conticaster and casts, and forms slab in kind at last.

This simulation result is:

3 of width: 1050,1200,1300; This show above-mentioned have in 3 width after data-optimized slab is arranged.

The width of all slabs is in case determine that after promptly new group square table forms, just leniently arrive narrow down search, promptly from 1450,1400... searches 900, if in certain width slab is arranged, with regard to their amount of accumulative total, organizes stove by converter capacity then; If do not have slab in this width, then need not organize stove in this width.

Use the slab number of breadth extreme: 232, this be according to every block of slab fixed width compare with their available breadth extremes and come out.

Surplus material: 143.8 tons, this is the surplus material summation of having organized in each width behind the stove.

More than be to have introduced the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited only to these embodiment, under the condition that does not break away from design of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiment can also be arranged by specific embodiment.

Claims (13)

1. the composing furnace by plate blank method in the steel-smelting production process comprises the steps:

(1) sets up local data base, carry out contract dataset and receive the pond;

(2) press the grouping of tapping mark, same group of interior slab carries out the width conversion, the original width range conversion of slab become the scope of setting;

(3) determine that respectively selected width of slab and surplus material, the last total number of width, slab use the mapping relations of breadth extreme;

(4) each mapping relations is obtained function and express, be respectively selected width and make slab use the function of breadth extreme to express as far as possible, selected width makes the minimum function of width number express, and selected width makes the minimum function of surplus material express;

(5) use following double-deck genetic coding mode that function is optimized, determine to wait to organize the optimization width of stove slab:

A) the double-deck coding of structure chromosome, the figure place of ground floor is that width can be used number, the figure place of the second layer equals the slab number, forms matrix;

B) produce chromosome and form initial population, and carry out random initializtion;

C) calculate the ideal adaptation degree, preserve optimum chromosome;

D) select defect individual to carry out crisscross inheritance by interlace operation, revise, revise illegal coding, it is legalized by coding;

E) produce offspring's individuality by variation, replace initial population and upgrade;

F) recomputate the ideal adaptation degree of new population, preserve optimum chromosome, upgrade global optimum's chromosome;

G) judge whether iterations reaches pre-determined number, if "Yes" then stop algorithm being exported optimum chromosome, if "No" then change the step e) iteration;

H) optimum chromosome is decoded, the width that obtains every block of slab is determined scheme;

(6) carry out composing furnace by plate blank according to the optimization width of determining.

2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each clauses and subclauses in the described local data base comprise: slab number, slab minimum widith, slab breadth extreme, slab weight, tapping mark.

3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described interlace operation is carried out two point of contacts intersection at the ground floor of double-deck coding structure; Described variation is at the second layer of the double-deck coding structure method mutation operation that suddenlys change.

4. the composing furnace by plate blank method in the sheet billet continuous casting technology comprises the steps:

(1) sets up local data base, carry out contract dataset and receive the pond;

(2) press the grouping of tapping mark, same group of interior slab carries out the width conversion, the original width range conversion of slab become the scope of setting;

(3) determine that respectively selected width of slab and surplus material, the last total number of width, slab use the mapping relations of breadth extreme;

(4) each mapping relations is obtained function and express, be respectively selected width and make slab use the function of breadth extreme to express as far as possible, selected width makes the minimum function of width number express, and selected width makes the minimum function of surplus material express; By the double-deck coding of double-deck coded system structure chromosome, the figure place of ground floor is that the width of conticaster can be used number, and the figure place of the second layer equals the slab number, forms matrix;

(5) produce some chromosomes and form initial population, and carry out random initializtion;

(6) calculate the ideal adaptation degree, preserve optimum chromosome, the minimum weight w=1 of the minimum surplus material weight v+ width of breadth extreme weight u+;

(7) select defect individual to carry out crisscross inheritance according to certain probability by interlace operation, revise illegal coding, it is legalized;

(8) pass through mutation operation according to certain probability, produce offspring's individuality, replace initial population and upgrade;

(9) recomputate the ideal adaptation degree of new population, preserve optimum chromosome, upgrade global optimum's chromosome;

(10) judge whether iterations reaches pre-determined number, and "Yes" then stops algorithm, exports optimum chromosome, "No" is then changeed step (7) iteration;

(11) optimum chromosome is decoded, the width that obtains every block of slab is determined scheme;

(12) slab actual sets stove.

5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, produces 100～200 chromosomes.

6. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the probability described in the described step (7) is between 0.5～1.0, does not comprise 1.0.

7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the probability described in the described step (7) is 0.85～0.9.

8. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the probability described in the described step (8) is between 0～0.1, does not comprise 0.

9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the probability described in the described step (8) is 0.05.

10. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described pre-determined number is 100～1000.

11. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described slab actual sets stove comprises:

All slabs are according to the width grouping of optimizing;

Slab weight in the every group ground summation that adds up;

Organize stove with converter normal capacity and tolerance, get total stove number;

Surplus material in calculating every group;

Calculate total surplus material;

The molded breadth utilization factor.

12. the composing furnace by plate blank device in the steel-smelting production process comprises:

Contract dataset is received pool device, is used to carry out contract dataset and receives the pond, forms local data base;

Virtual slab material design apparatus becomes virtual slab to the order contract;

The width converting means is used for the scope that the original width range conversion one-tenth of slab is set;

The Function Mapping device is used for obtaining function according to mapping relations and expresses, and selected width makes slab use the function of breadth extreme to express as far as possible, and selected width makes the minimum function of width number express, and selected width makes the minimum function of surplus material express;

The genetic coding design apparatus is used to carry out double-deck genetic coding design, gives every double-deck coding of chromosome structure;

Genetic operator intersects and correcting device, is used to carry out the genetic coding interlace operation, and illegal coding is revised;

Genetic operator variation and correcting device are used to carry out the genetic coding mutation operation, and illegal coding is revised;

Decoding device is used to search the individuality of optimal-adaptive degree, obtains its matrix of variables, determines the width of every block of slab;

The composing furnace by plate blank device is used for organizing stove according to optimizing the width of plate slab of determining.

13. device according to claim 12 is characterized in that, described interlace operation is carried out two point of contacts intersection at the ground floor of double-deck coding structure; Described variation is at the second layer of the double-deck coding structure method mutation operation that suddenlys change.

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