CN101376419A - Adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub - Google Patents
Adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub Download PDFInfo
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- CN101376419A CN101376419A CNA2008100703834A CN200810070383A CN101376419A CN 101376419 A CN101376419 A CN 101376419A CN A2008100703834 A CNA2008100703834 A CN A2008100703834A CN 200810070383 A CN200810070383 A CN 200810070383A CN 101376419 A CN101376419 A CN 101376419A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable two-gear self-adaptive automatic transmission wheel hub comprising a wheel hub carrier I, the wheel hub carrier II, a box body, a power input device, a transmission shaft, wheels and a brake device, the adjustable two-gear self-adaptive automatic transmission wheel hub further comprises a slow gear transmission shaft, a slow gear transmission mechanism which is arranged on the slow gear transmission shaft, a conical disc clutch cam self-adaptive transmission assembly which is arranged on the transmission shaft and a transmission mechanism pressure regulating device, the slow gear transmission shaft is arranged in the box body to be matched with the box body by rotation, the adjustable two-gear self-adaptive automatic transmission wheel hub can regulate the pressure which is needed for the automatic transmission according to the driving status of a vehicle, the located driving environment and the resistance situation, thereby fully utilizing the power of the vehicle, allowing the driving status to achieve the best match with the power output and being conductive to the high efficiency energy conservation; the output power and the driving status of the vehicle can be always in the best matching state, the gear shift transmission can be self-adaptively automatically carried out along with the change of the driving resistance, and the invention has the advantages of light weight, simple and compact structure and low manufacture cost, and is applicable to the characteristics of small size and portability of an electric bike.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic or fuel vehicle wheel hub, particularly a kind of adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub.
Background technology
In the prior art, electronlmobil, battery-operated motor cycle, Electrical Bicycle and fuel vehicle wheel hub all are by governor handle or acceleration pedal direct control current control speed or control fuel-flow control speed basically, or adopt manual mechanical automatic transmission mode to realize speed change.The operation of navigating mate is depended in the operation of handle or acceleration pedal fully, usually can cause operation and garage's situation not to match, and causes the motor fluctuation of service, the stall phenomenon occurs.Existing automatic gear shift hub can't be regulated the required pressure of automatic speed changing according to the resistance situation according to the travel conditions and the running environment of living in of vehicle, therefore, can cause the waste of energy.
Battery-driven car, fuel vehicle by rider under the situation of not knowing resistance to motion, only rule of thumb operate the transmission system of control, have following problem unavoidably: 1. when startup, upward slope and heavy load, since resistance to motion increase, forcing motor speed to descend works in the low efficiency district, cause battery to increase under the supply current operating mode, motor rotation blockage, heating even stop operating; Or engine off and fuel consumption are excessive.2. owing to there is not mechanical transmission to adjust moment of torsion and speed, can only promote the use of, can not satisfy under mountain area, hills and the heavy load conditions and use, dwindle range of use at region of no relief; 3. battery-driven car is little at drive wheel place installing space, has installed to be difficult to hold automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter and other up-to-date technology behind the motor again; 4. do not possess adaptive function, can not detect, revise and get rid of the operation mistake of chaufeur automatically; 5. change when unexpected in the speed of a motor vehicle, motor/driving engine is under the unstable state operating mode turns round, must cause motor/engine output and resistance to motion to be difficult to coupling; 6. continuing, distance is short, hill climbing ability is poor, and applicable area is little.
In addition, the self-propelled vehicle of prior art stops after needing in the process of moving to slide, owing to slide in the process, wheel need drive a series of transmission devices and together slide, then can cause kinetic wheel all to be used to slide, make the vehicle coasting distance short, the waste energy.
In order to overcome the above problems, a series of automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter has appearred, but because complex structure, cost height, the problem that existence can't practical application; And the automatic speed changing vehicle of prior art, there is not the actv. control apparatus, can not regulate at any time and the required resistance adaptation of speed change according to the resistance situation of running environment, can not fully energy-conservation and embodiment self-shifting advantage.
Therefore, need a kind of automatic gear shift hub, can be according to the travel conditions and the running environment of living in of vehicle, regulate the required pressure of automatic speed changing according to the resistance situation, and speed-changing mechanism can self adaptation cut off with the change in resistance of travelling under the situation of propulsive effort and carries out shift speed change automatically, solve the little problem that can not satisfy road usage under the complex conditions of motor torque-rotation speed change, and simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, mechanism's installation footprint is little.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub, can be according to the travel conditions and the running environment of living in of vehicle, regulate the required pressure of automatic speed changing according to the resistance situation, be beneficial to and make full use of power, make travel conditions and takeoff output can reach optimum matching, raise the efficiency; And speed-changing mechanism can detect driving torque-rotating speed and resistance to motion-vehicle speed signal automatically according to resistance to motion, make motor/engine output and traveling state of vehicle be in the optimum matching state all the time, realize the balance control of vehicular drive moment and comprehensive resistance to motion; Can carry out shift speed change automatically with the change in resistance of travelling not needing to cut off under the situation of propulsive effort self adaptation, can satisfy under mountain area, hills and the heavy load conditions and use, the speed of a motor vehicle changes steady slow; Simultaneously, the present invention is simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, compact conformation, low cost of manufacture.
Adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub of the present invention, comprise wheel hub frame I, wheel hub frame II, casing, power input device, transmission shaft, wheel and drg, described wheel hub frame I and wheel hub frame II and casing relative fixed are provided with, the part of transmission shaft is stretched out casing and is cooperated at circumferencial direction with wheel, comprise also and keep off transmission shaft slowly, be arranged on and keep off keeping off transmission device slowly, be arranged on cam self-adapting speed changing assembly and speed-changing mechanism pressure-regulating device on the transmission shaft on the transmission shaft slowly that the described transmission shaft that keeps off slowly is arranged in the casing and the casing normal-running fit;
A. keep off slowly transmission device comprise be enclosed within side by side keep off slowly on the transmission shaft and with its at the gear of retaining slowly of circumferencial direction heavy keying fit with keep off overriding clutch slowly, the described overriding clutch that keeps off slowly is provided with and keeps off gear ring slowly, described keep off gear slowly and keep off gear ring slowly cooperate by keeping off overriding clutch slowly;
B. the cam self-adapting speed changing assembly comprises transmission shaft, arrangement of clutch, speed change spring and is arranged on transmission gear on the transmission shaft; Described arrangement of clutch is divided into initiatively running part and driven running part;
Described transmission gear with keep off the gear ring engagement slowly, the active running part of arrangement of clutch with keep off gear mesh slowly;
Described transmission shaft circumference is provided with the cam path that an above spiral launches, and inserts cam pin in the cam path, and arrangement of clutch is finished clutch according to resistance to motion under the cooperation of speed change spring, cam path and cam pin; Arrangement of clutch engagement, the transmission of the fast shelves of change-speed box, arrangement of clutch separates, then successively by keeping off gear slowly, keeping off overriding clutch and keep off gear ring slowly and realize the transmission of slow shelves slowly;
C. the speed-changing mechanism pressure-regulating device comprises adjust bar and pressure regulation piece, the end that described transmission shaft cooperates with the speed change spring is provided with axial negative thread, transmission shaft is provided with radially groove, the pressure regulation piece embeds the end that groove radially is arranged on the speed change spring, adjust bar one end is connected with pressure regulation piece axial restraint by screwing into and pass axial negative thread, described pressure regulation piece drives the pressure regulation piece by the rotation adjust bar and moves axially the speed change compression of spring amount of regulating near the speed change spring;
Further, also comprise the energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch, described energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch comprises second overriding clutch, described transmission shaft cooperates at circumferencial direction with wheel by second overriding clutch, described second overriding clutch outer ring and wheel are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit, during cruising, the second overriding clutch inner ring and transmission shaft are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit;
Further, the energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch also comprises the reversing engaging and disengaging gear, and described reversing engaging and disengaging gear comprises reversing clutch push rod, pull back spring and clutch block; The axial hollow of described transmission shaft clutch end, transmission shaft is provided with second groove radially, axially radially groove perforation of hollow part and second, clutch block embeds second groove and meshing with the second overriding clutch inner ring axial end radially under the effect of pull back spring, reversing clutch push rod is connected with the clutch block axial restraint to the hollow part can axially movable mode to pass transmission shafts, and the clutch push rod of moveing backward can move axially compression retracteding position spring moves axially and the second overriding clutch inner ring jump out of mesh clutch block; The second overriding clutch outer ring by gear frame and wheel in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit;
Further, the cam self-adapting speed changing assembly is the cone-disk clutch cam self-adapting speed changing assembly, and described active running part is the axial inner cone dish of a torus gear ring, and driven running part is the axial external cone plate of torus, and described transmission gear free-running fit is enclosed within on the transmission shaft;
The axial inner cone dish of described torus gear ring with keep off gear mesh slowly, interior circle is the axial conical surface, torus axial inner cone dish gear ring and power input device are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit; The axial external cone plate excircle of torus is the axial conical surface, and the mode that the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within the axial external cone plate excircle of torus; Be processed with the radially pin-and-hole identical with cam path quantity on the axial external cone plate circumference of described torus, the axial external cone plate free-running fit of torus is enclosed within on the transmission shaft, and cam pin passes radially pin-and-hole insertion cam path; Speed change gapping of spring engage sleeves is on transmission shaft, and near the axial external cone plate of torus, the inner conical surface of the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external cone plate of torus fit tightly under the speed change action of the spring; The end engagement of described transmission gear end and the axial external cone plate of torus;
Further, described power input device is an external rotor electric machine, and the end cap and the motor stator of casing become one, described end cap arranged outside radiating gill; The axial inner cone dish of rotor and torus gear ring is in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit;
Further, fixedly install annular gear block on the described clutch block, clutch block is by the end face spline and the engagement of the second overriding clutch inner ring end face axial of annular gear block; Fixedly install relief frame on the described pressure regulation piece, described pressure regulation piece by relief frame near the speed change spring;
Further, described wheel hub frame II is captiveed joint with drg, circle and transmission shaft normal-running fit in the brake support frame;
Further, wheel hub frame II is captiveed joint with drg, circle and transmission shaft normal-running fit in the brake support frame; Reversing clutch push rod moves by the drive spindle driving axial the annular gear block and the second overriding clutch inner ring is thrown off, and described drive spindle is hinged on the brake support frame by bearing pin, and drive spindle is that fulcrum forms lever construction with the bearing pin; The resistance point of described drive spindle is the inclined-plane, described inclined-plane contacts with reversing clutch push rod end, the end of described reversing clutch push rod is a spherical structure, cooperates by the predetermincd tension of drive spindle resistance point along the mobile and pull back spring of bevel direction, drives reversing clutch push rod crank motion;
Further, described speed change spring is a butterfly spring group; Described cam pin inserts cam path by the cam guide with its free-running fit, and cam pin is radially fixing by the mounting ring that circumferencial direction is provided with; Described speed change spring is arranged on the left side of the axial external cone plate of torus, in the cavity between motor stator and transmission shaft; It is opposite with the transmission shaft hand of rotation that the expansion direction of described cam path is seen from left to right;
Further, between described speed change spring end and the axial external cone plate of torus surface bearing is set.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub of the present invention, can be according to the travel conditions and the running environment of living in of vehicle, regulate the required pressure of automatic speed changing according to the resistance situation, make full use of vehicle power, make travel conditions and takeoff output can reach optimum matching, raise the efficiency; Can detect driving torque-rotating speed and resistance to motion-vehicle speed signal according to resistance to motion, make horsepower output and traveling state of vehicle be in the optimum matching state all the time, realize the balance control of vehicular drive moment and comprehensive resistance to motion; Can under the situation of not cutting off propulsive effort, self adaptation carry out shift speed change automatically with the change in resistance of travelling, not only help vehicle and mechanical and power equipment is energy-efficient, can also the control vehicle emission abatement, improve dynamic property, economy, drive safety and the traveling comfort of vehicle greatly; Owing to can under the situation of not cutting off propulsive effort, self adaptation carry out shift speed change automatically with the change in resistance of travelling, can satisfy under mountain area, hills and the heavy load conditions and use, it is mild that motor load is changed, and power actuated vehicle operates steadily, and improves safety; Compare with other automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter, the present invention has advantages such as volume is little, in light weight, simple in structure, compact conformation, low cost of manufacture, more accords with the little light characteristics of Electrical Bicycle volume.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is an axial section structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that axial external cone plate of torus and the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring cooperate radial cross-section;
Fig. 3 is provided with the cam path structural representation on the transmission shaft;
Fig. 4 be Fig. 1 along A to view;
Fig. 5 be Fig. 1 along B-B to cutaway view;
Fig. 6 be Fig. 1 along C-C to cutaway view;
Fig. 7 be Fig. 1 along D to view;
Fig. 8 is the axial external cone plate structure of a torus cutaway view;
Fig. 9 is the axial inner cone dish of a torus structure cutaway view;
Figure 10 is the drg partial view;
Figure 11 be among Figure 10 drive spindle along E to view.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is an axial section structural representation of the present invention, and as shown in the figure: the power input device of present embodiment is an external rotor electric machine, sees left-hand revolution during rotor work from left to right.
Adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub of the present invention, comprise wheel hub frame I 7, wheel hub frame II 18, casing 4, external rotor electric machine, transmission shaft 1, wheel 14 and drg 20, described power input device is an external rotor electric machine, the end cap 41 of casing 4 inwardly is provided with boss, motor stator 8 is fixedly installed on the boss, employing becomes one end cap 41 and motor stator 8 with upper type, is beneficial to heat transfer; End cap 41 arranged outside radiating gills 42, casing 4 is divided into left box body and right case, external rotor electric machine is located at and is arranged on transmission shaft 1 excircle in the left box body, motor stator is fixed in right end cap, end cap just, and heat radiating fin structure is set, motor is fully dispelled the heat, raise the efficiency, experimental results show that and to improve 2-5% efficient; Wheel hub frame I 7 is bolted to connection with end cap 41, wheel hub frame II 18 is bolted to connection with drg 20, circle cooperates by the 5th annular bearing with rolling contact 21 with the right-hand member that transmission shaft 1 stretches out casing 4 in drg 20 supports, the 5th annular bearing with rolling contact 21 outer ends are provided with dust boot 35, dust boot 35 inboards are provided with sensor, the corresponding magnet steel that is provided with sensor on the transmission shaft 1, sensor is used to measure the transmission shaft rotating speed;
Two ends, transmission shaft 1 left and right sides cylindrical cooperates with casing 4 left and right sides end caps by first annular bearing with rolling contact 2 and the 4th annular bearing with rolling contact 23 respectively; The part of transmission shaft 1 is stretched out casing 4, to overtake the time and wheel 14 heavy keying fit, 18 fens Train Wheel 14 left and right sides of wheel hub frame I 7 and wheel hub frame II, also comprise and keep off transmission shaft 12 slowly, be arranged on and keep off keeping off transmission device slowly, be arranged on cam self-adapting speed changing assembly and speed-changing mechanism pressure-regulating device on the transmission shaft 1 on the transmission shaft 12 slowly, slowly keep off between the left and right sides both ends of the surface of two ends, transmission shaft 12 left and right sides and right gearbox body 42 and cooperating by the 6th annular bearing with rolling contact 11 and the 7th annular bearing with rolling contact 19 respectively, it is parallel with transmission shaft 1 to keep off transmission shaft 12 slowly;
A. keep off slowly transmission device comprise be enclosed within side by side keep off slowly on the transmission shaft 12 and with its at the gear of retaining slowly 13 of circumferencial direction heavy keying fit with keep off overriding clutch 15 slowly, in the present embodiment, slowly keep off overriding clutch 15 inner rings and fixedly install and keep off gear ring 16 slowly, keep off gear 13 slowly and keep off overriding clutch 15 outer rings slowly and adopt screw ways of connecting heavy keying fit at circumferencial direction; Slowly keep off gear ring 16 and extend axially the inner ring of part as overriding clutch 15;
B. the cone-disk clutch cam self-adapting speed changing assembly comprises that transmission shaft 1, the axial external cone plate 29 of torus, the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27, speed change spring 5 and free-running fit are enclosed within the transmission gear 25 on the transmission shaft 1;
The axial inner cone dish of described torus gear ring 27 with keep off gear 13 engagements slowly, interior circle is the axial conical surface, rotor 9 and the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit, radially are provided with three annular bearing with rolling contact 28 between the right side of the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 excircles and left gearbox body 41 by spline structure; Second annular bearing with rolling contact 3 is set between rotor 9 circuity parts and the transmission shaft 1; Axial external cone plate 29 excircles of torus are the axial conical surface, and the mode that the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within axial external cone plate 29 excircles of torus; The cam path 1a that uniform three spirals launch on described transmission shaft 1 circumference, be processed with the pin-and-hole 29a identical on axial external cone plate 29 circumference of torus with cam path 1a quantity, axial external cone plate 29 free-running fits of torus are enclosed within on the transmission shaft 1, cam pin 31 passes pin-and-hole 29a and inserts cam path 1a, described cam pin 31 inserts cam path 1a by the cam guide 31a with its free-running fit, to reduce the friction force between cam pin 31 and the cam path 1a, increase transmission accuracy; Three cam pins 31 are radially fixing by the mounting ring 34 that circumferencial direction is provided with; Speed change spring 5 free-running fits are enclosed within on the transmission shaft 1, near the axial external cone plate 29 of torus, the inner conical surface of the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external cone plate 29 of torus fit tightly under 5 effects of speed change spring, between the axial external cone plate 29 of speed change spring 5 ends and torus surface bearing 6 is set, when the axial external cone plate 29 of torus rotates under drag effect, prevent and speed change spring 5 between produce friction and influence transmission and react precision, speed change spring 5 is arranged on the left side of the axial external cone plate 29 of torus, in the cavity between motor stator 8 and transmission shaft 1, speed change spring 5 is a butterfly spring group in the present embodiment; It is opposite with transmission shaft 1 hand of rotation that the expansion direction of cam path 1a is seen from left to right, i.e. clockwise direction;
C. the speed-changing mechanism pressure-regulating device comprises adjust bar 30 and pressure regulation piece 32, the end that transmission shaft 1 cooperates with speed change spring 5 is provided with axial negative thread, transmission shaft 1 is provided with radially groove 1b, negative thread and radially groove 1b perforation, pressure regulation piece 32 embeds the left part that groove 1b radially is arranged on speed change spring 5, adjust bar 30 1 ends are connected with pressure regulation piece 32 axial restraints by screwing into and pass axial negative thread, fixedly install relief frame 32a on the pressure regulation piece 32, described pressure regulation piece 32 passes through relief frame 32a near speed change spring 5, thereby drive pressure regulation piece 32 by rotation adjust bar 30 and drive the amount of compression that relief frame 32a regulates speed change spring 5, reach the effect of regulating the speed change initial tension of spring, in the present embodiment, relief frame 32a is a loop configuration, makes speed change spring 5 stressed even in the adjustment process, be beneficial to adjusting, guarantee adjusting accuracy; By adjusting the predetermincd tension of speed change spring 5, can adjust adaptive rate mechanism and under different resistances, carry out speed change, use simple and convenient.
The energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch of present embodiment comprises second overriding clutch 10, described transmission shaft 1 cooperates at circumferencial direction by second overriding clutch 10 and wheel 14, described second overriding clutch outer ring 10b and wheel 14 are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit, during cruising, the second overriding clutch inner ring 10a and transmission shaft 1 are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit, when vehicle slides, second overriding clutch is in and surmounts state, wheel 14 directly drives gear frame 17 and rotates, making full use of kinetic wheel slides, can make full use of the kinetic energy that produces in the wheel driving process, coasting distance is long under the situation of identical kinetic energy, conserve energy; The energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch also comprises the reversing engaging and disengaging gear, and described reversing engaging and disengaging gear comprises reversing clutch push rod 22, pull back spring 22c and clutch block 22a; The axial hollow of described transmission shaft 1 clutch end, transmission shaft 1 is provided with the second groove 1c radially, axially radially groove 1c perforation of hollow part and second, clutch block 22a embedding second is groove 1c radially, clutch block 22a goes up and by screw retention circular ring-shaped gear block 22b is set, annular gear block 22b meshes with the second overriding clutch inner ring 10a axial end under the effect of pull back spring 22c, adopts annular gear block 22b structure, can guarantee in the transmission process stressed even; Reversing clutch push rod 22 is connected with clutch block 22a axial restraint can axially movable mode to pass transmission shaft 1 axial hollow part, pull back spring 22c is arranged on clutch block 22a and transmission shaft 1 radially between the groove axial sides, reversing clutch push rod 22 moves by drive spindle 33 driving axials the annular gear block 22b and the second overriding clutch inner ring 10a is thrown off, described drive spindle 33 is hinged on drg 20 supports by bearing pin, drive spindle 33 is that fulcrum forms lever construction with the bearing pin, among Fig. 1, drive spindle 33 is the shape after launching; The resistance point of described drive spindle 33 is horizontal inclined-plane, described inclined-plane contacts with reversing clutch push rod 22 ends, the end of described reversing clutch push rod 22 is a spherical structure, the predetermincd tension of side travel and pull back spring 22c by drive spindle 33 inclined-planes drives reversing clutch push rod 22 crank motions, certainly, the inclined-plane also can be other directions, drive spindle resistance point is moved along bevel direction, can drive reversing clutch push rod 22 and move axially, also can reach goal of the invention; The second overriding clutch outer ring 10b by gear frame 17 and wheel 14 in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit.
Above embodiment is an optimum structure of the present invention, is not the qualification to protection domain of the present invention; Such as, motor also is not limited to external rotor electric machine, also can be inner rotor motor, just on connection mode, adjust to some extent, or the like some technical characterictics all can make corresponding change, and do not influence the realization of the object of the invention.
The fast retaining power transmission line of present embodiment:
Slowly keep off power transmission line:
The axial inner cone dish of rotor → torus gear ring 27 → slowly keeps off gear 13 → keep off slowly transmission shaft 12 → keep off slowly overriding clutch 15 → keep off slowly outer ring 10b → gear frame 17 → wheel 14 of inner ring 10a → second overriding clutch 10 of the axial external cone plate 29 → cam pin of gear ring 16 → transmission gear 25 → torus 31 → transmission shaft 1 → clutch block 22a → annular gear block 22b → second overriding clutch 10.
Fast retaining of the present invention transmits the resistance transfer route and retaining transmission resistance transfer route is opposite with power transmission line slowly.
Simultaneously, resistance also passes through following route: the axial external cone plate 29 of transmission shaft 1 → cam path 1a → cam pin 31 → torus → compression speed change spring 5.
The present invention is in operational process, and the driver is according to environment, and rotation adjust bar 30 drives pressure regulation piece 32 and relief frame 32a, thereby adjusts the amount of compression of speed change spring 5, reaches the purpose of adjusting speed change pressure.
This change-speed box is when operation, the inner conical surface of the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external cone plate 29 of torus fit tightly under 5 effects of speed change spring, form an automatic transmission that keeps certain pressure, and can adjust the required pressure of clutches engaged by pressure-regulating device, reach the transmission purpose, at this moment, rotor drives the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27, the axial external cone plate 29 of torus, cam pin 31, transmission shaft 1, clutch block 22a, annular gear block 22b, second overriding clutch and gear frame 17 make wheel 14 left-hand revolutions; Slowly keeping off overriding clutch this moment is in and surmounts state.
Resistance is greater than propulsive effort during motor vehicle starting, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to clockwise rotate certain angle, and under the effect of cam path 1a, cam pin 31 drives the axial external cone plate 29 compression speed change springs 5 of torus to the direction motion of compression speed change spring 5; The axial external cone plate 29 of torus separates with the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27, synchronously, slowly keep off the overriding clutch engaged transmission, rotor drive the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27, slowly keep off gear 13, slowly keep off transmission shaft 12, slowly keep off overriding clutch 15, keep off gear ring 16, transmission gear 25, the axial external cone plate 29 of torus, cam pin 31, transmission shaft 1, clutch block 22a, annular gear block 22b, second overriding clutch 10 and gear frame 17 slowly, wheel 14 is rotated with retaining speed slowly; Therefore, realize the bottom gear starting automatically, shortened cranking time, reduced starting power; Meanwhile, speed change spring 5 absorbs movement resistor moment energy, holds potential energy fully for recovering soon the gear transferring power.
After starting successfully, resistance to motion reduces, when component is reduced to less than in the speed change butterfly spring automatic transmission that speed change spring 5 produced pressure, because of producing speed change spring 5 pressure, the compression of passive movement resistance discharges promotion rapidly down, the inner conical surface of finishing the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external cone plate 29 of torus and the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 recovers to fit tightly state, keeps off overriding clutch slowly and is in and surmounts state.
In the driving process,, realize variable block not needing to cut off under the situation of propulsive effort, make whole locomotive operation steady along with the variation self shifter principle of resistance of motion is the same, safe and low consumption, and also transfer route oversimplifies, and improves driving efficiency;
In the reversing process, traversing by the resistance point inclined-plane that manually makes drive spindle, reversing clutch push rod 22 ends are moved along bevel direction, reversing clutch push rod 22 is moved to pull back spring 22c direction, make annular gear block 22b jump out of mesh, wheel 14 can freely rotate, and avoids adaptive automatic gear shifting mechanism locked, realize car backing operation, simple to operation.
Fig. 2 is that axial external cone plate of torus and the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring cooperate radial cross-section, and as shown in the figure: the mode that the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within axial external cone plate 29 excircles of torus; The cam path 1a that uniform three spirals launch on transmission shaft 1 circumference, be processed with the pin-and-hole 29a identical on axial external cone plate 29 circumference of torus with cam path 1a quantity, axial external cone plate 29 free-running fits of torus are enclosed within on the transmission shaft 1, and cam pin 31 passes the inner conical surface of the axial inner cone dish of pin-and-hole 29a insertion cam path 1a torus gear ring 27 by the cam guide 31a with its free-running fit and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external cone plate 29 of torus fits tightly.
Fig. 3 is provided with the cam path structural representation on the transmission shaft, as shown in the figure: and the cam path 1a that three spirals of uniform processing launch on transmission shaft 1 circumference, in the present embodiment, see that from left to right cam path 1a launches by cw.
Fig. 4 be Fig. 1 along A to view, as shown in the figure: drive spindle 33 is hinged on the drg 20 by bearing pin, and drive spindle 33 is that fulcrum forms lever construction with the bearing pin; The resistance point of described drive spindle 33 is horizontal inclined-plane, and described inclined-plane contacts with reversing clutch push rod 22 ends, and the end of reversing clutch push rod 22 is a spherical structure; Dust boot 35 covers on the brake support frame outside.
Fig. 5 be Fig. 1 along B-B to cutaway view; Annular gear block 22b is enclosed within on the transmission shaft 1, and reversing clutch push rod 22 is can axially movable mode passing transmission shaft 1 axial hollow part; Transmission shaft 1 is provided with radially groove 1b, and clutch block 22a embeds the radially groove 1b of transmission shaft 1, and reversing clutch push rod 22 is connected with clutch block 22a axial restraint; Clutch block 22a is captiveed joint with annular gear block 22b, and pull back spring 22c is arranged on clutch block 22a and transmission shaft 1 radially between the groove axial sides.
Fig. 6 be Fig. 1 along C-C to cutaway view, as shown in the figure: pressure-regulating device comprises adjust bar 30 and pressure regulation piece 32, the end that transmission shaft 1 cooperates with speed change spring 5 is provided with axial negative thread, transmission shaft 1 is provided with the second groove 1c radially, pressure regulation piece 32 embeds radially groove 1c, adjust bar 30 is connected with pressure regulation piece 32 axial restraints, fixedly installs relief frame 32a on the pressure regulation piece 32.
Fig. 7 be Fig. 1 along D to view, as shown in the figure: end cap 41 arranged outside radiating gills 42, wheel hub frame I7 and end cap 41 are bolted to connection.
Fig. 8 is the axial external cone plate structure of a torus cutaway view, and Fig. 9 is the axial inner cone dish of a torus structure cutaway view, and as shown in the figure: the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring 27 excircles are provided with external toothing, and interior circle is the axial conical surface; Axial external cone plate 29 excircles of torus are the axial conical surface, the uniform pin-and-hole 29a that is processed with on axial external cone plate 29 circumference of torus, and end processing is used for and transmission gear 25 ingear splines.
Figure 10 is the drg partial view, Figure 11 be among Figure 10 drive spindle along E to view, as shown in the figure: drive spindle 33 is hinged on drg 20 supports by bearing pin, and drive spindle 33 is that fulcrum forms lever construction with the bearing pin; The resistance point of described drive spindle 33 is horizontal inclined-plane, and certainly, the inclined-plane also can be other directions, and drive spindle resistance point is moved along bevel direction, can drive reversing clutch push rod 22 and move axially, and also can reach goal of the invention.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub, comprise wheel hub frame I (7), wheel hub frame II (18), casing (4), power input device, transmission shaft (1), wheel (14) and drg (20), described wheel hub frame I (7) and wheel hub frame II (18) and casing (4) relative fixed setting, transmission shaft (1) clutch end cooperates at circumferencial direction with wheel (14), it is characterized in that: also comprise and keep off transmission shaft (12) slowly, be arranged on the transmission device of retaining slowly that keeps off slowly on the transmission shaft (12), be arranged on cam self-adapting speed changing assembly and speed-changing mechanism pressure-regulating device on the transmission shaft (1), the described transmission shaft (12) that keeps off slowly is arranged in the casing (4) and casing (4) normal-running fit;
A. keep off slowly transmission device comprise be enclosed within side by side keep off slowly that transmission shaft (12) is gone up and with its at the gear of retaining slowly (13) of circumferencial direction heavy keying fit with keep off overriding clutch (15) slowly, the described overriding clutch (15) that keeps off slowly is provided with and keeps off gear ring (16) slowly, described keep off gear (13) slowly and keep off gear ring (16) slowly cooperate by keeping off overriding clutch (15) slowly;
B. the cam self-adapting speed changing assembly comprises transmission shaft (1), arrangement of clutch, speed change spring (5) and is arranged on transmission gear (25) on the transmission shaft (1); Described arrangement of clutch is divided into initiatively running part and driven running part;
Described transmission gear (25) with keep off gear ring (16) engagement slowly, the active running part of arrangement of clutch with keep off gear (13) engagement slowly;
Described transmission shaft (1) circumference is provided with the cam path (1a) that an above spiral launches, insert cam pin (31) in the cam path (1a), arrangement of clutch is finished clutch according to resistance to motion under the cooperation of speed change spring (5), cam path (1a) and cam pin (31); Arrangement of clutch engagement, the transmission of the fast shelves of change-speed box, arrangement of clutch separates, then successively by keeping off gear (13) slowly, keeping off overriding clutch (15) and keep off gear ring (16) slowly and realize slow grade transmission slowly;
C. adaptive rate mechanism pressure control apparatus comprises adjust bar (30) and pressure regulation piece (32), described transmission shaft (1) is provided with axial negative thread with the end that speed change spring (5) cooperates, transmission shaft (1) is provided with radially groove (1b), negative thread and radially groove (1b) perforation, pressure regulation piece (32) embeds the end that groove (1b) radially is arranged on speed change spring (5), adjust bar (30) one ends are connected with pressure regulation piece (32) axial restraint by screwing into and pass axial negative thread, described pressure regulation piece (32) drives pressure regulation piece (32) by rotation adjust bar (30) and moves axially the amount of compression of regulating speed change spring (5) near speed change spring (5).
2. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch, described energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch comprises second overriding clutch (10), described transmission shaft (1) cooperates at circumferencial direction with wheel (14) by second overriding clutch (10), described second overriding clutch outer ring (10b) and wheel (14) are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit, during cruising, the second overriding clutch inner ring (10a) and transmission shaft (1) are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit.
3. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the energy-saving slide arrangement of clutch also comprises the reversing engaging and disengaging gear, and described reversing engaging and disengaging gear comprises reversing clutch push rod (22), pull back spring (22c) and clutch block (22a); The axial hollow of described transmission shaft (1) clutch end, transmission shaft (1) is provided with second groove (1c) radially, axially radially groove (1c) perforation of hollow part and second, clutch block (22a) embeds second groove (1c) and meshing with second overriding clutch inner ring (10a) axial end radially under the effect of pull back spring (22c), reversing clutch push rod (22) axially is connected with clutch block (22a) axial restraint the hollow part can axially movable mode to pass transmission shaft (1), and the clutch push rod (22) of moveing backward can move axially compression retracteding position spring (22c) moves axially and second overriding clutch inner ring (10a) jump out of mesh clutch block (22a); The second overriding clutch outer ring (10b) by gear frame (17) and wheel (14) in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit.
4. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the cam self-adapting speed changing assembly is the cone-disk clutch cam self-adapting speed changing assembly, described active running part is the axial inner cone dish of a torus gear ring (27), driven running part is the axial external cone plate of torus (29), and described transmission gear (25) free-running fit is enclosed within on the transmission shaft (1);
The axial inner cone dish of described torus gear ring (27) meshes with keeping off gear (13) slowly, and interior circle is the axial conical surface, and the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring (27) and power input device are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit; The axial external cone plate of torus (29) excircle is the axial conical surface, and the mode that the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring (27) is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within the axial external cone plate of torus (29) excircle; Be processed with the radially pin-and-hole (29a) identical on the axial external cone plate of described torus (29) circumference with cam path (1a) quantity, the axial external cone plate of torus (29) free-running fit is enclosed within on the transmission shaft (1), and cam pin (31) passes radially pin-and-hole (29a) insertion cam path (1a); Speed change spring (5) free-running fit is enclosed within on the transmission shaft (1), and near the axial external cone plate of torus (29), the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring (27) and the axial external cone plate of torus (29) fits tightly under speed change spring (5) effect; The end engagement of described transmission gear (25) end and the axial external cone plate of torus (29).
5. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described power input device is an external rotor electric machine, the end cap (41) of casing (4) becomes one described end cap (41) arranged outside radiating gill (42) with motor stator (8); Rotor (9) and the axial inner cone dish of torus gear ring (27) are in the circumferencial direction heavy keying fit.
6. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: fixedly install annular gear block (22b) on the described clutch block (22a), clutch block (22a) is by the end face spline and the engagement of second overriding clutch inner ring (10a) end face axial of annular gear block (22b); Fixedly install relief frame (32a) on the described pressure regulation piece (32), described pressure regulation piece (32) passes through relief frame (32a) near speed change spring (5).
7. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described wheel hub frame II (18) is captiveed joint with drg (20), circle and transmission shaft (1) normal-running fit in drg (20) support.
8. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: reversing clutch push rod (22) moves by drive spindle (33) driving axial the annular gear block (22b) and the second overriding clutch inner ring (10a) is thrown off, described drive spindle (33) is hinged on drg (20) support by bearing pin, and drive spindle (33) is that fulcrum forms lever construction with the bearing pin; The resistance point of described drive spindle (33) is the inclined-plane, described inclined-plane contacts with reversing clutch push rod (22) end, the end of described reversing clutch push rod (22) is a spherical structure, by of the cooperation of drive spindle (33) resistance point, drive reversing clutch push rod (22) crank motion along the predetermincd tension of the mobile and pull back spring (22c) of bevel direction.
9. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described speed change spring (5) is a butterfly spring group; Described cam pin (31) inserts cam path (1a) by the cam guide (31a) with its free-running fit, and cam pin (31) is radially fixing by the mounting ring (34) that circumferencial direction is provided with; Described speed change spring (5) is arranged on the left side of the axial external cone plate of torus (29), is positioned at the cavity between motor stator (8) and the transmission shaft (1); It is opposite with transmission shaft (1) hand of rotation that the expansion direction of described cam path (1a) is seen from left to right.
10. adjustable two-shift self-adapting automatic gear shift hub according to claim 9 is characterized in that: between described speed change spring (5) end and the axial external cone plate of torus (29) surface bearing (6) is set.
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