CN101368613A - Bearing and gear adaptation design method for reducing fault rate of gear transmission system - Google Patents
Bearing and gear adaptation design method for reducing fault rate of gear transmission system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a design and manufacturing method of a gear transmission system, which is a bearing-gear matching design method which reduces the malfunction rate of the gear transmission system; the bearing-gear matching design method comprises a pair of meshing pair which includes a large gears (1) with the tooth number of (DC) and a small gear (2) with the tooth number of (XC), a bearing (3) used for supporting the large gear and a bearing (4) used for supporting the small gear; the bearing (3) is set on the parameters, including the pitch diameter (DD0), the roller diameter (Dd) and the roller number (DZ); the bearing used for the small gear includes the parameters of the pitch diameter XD0, the roller diameter Xd and the roller number XZ; the bearing-gear matching design method is characterized in that the structure relation in the bearing-gear matching design method follows the structure relations of preventing the gear, the bearing roller, the bearing internal ring and the bearing external ring of the gear transmission system from having opposite rushing fatigue centralization and preventing the crack caused by the shaft fatigue centralization initiated by the gear load fatigue centralization. The bearing-gear matching design method is used for instructing the information rule research when the malfunction diagnosis strategy is designed, instructing the optimum design when the gear transmission system is designed and manufactured and reducing the malfunction rate of parts of the gear transmission system, so as to improve the safety and the service life of the transmission system and provide a design theory and technical basis for the technical innovation of the manufacturing industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of design and production method of gear train assembly, the design method of particularly a kind of bearing that can reduce designed fault rate of gear transmission system and gear coupling, belong to equipment failure mechanism diagnostic techniques category, be used for tutorial message rule research when the design error failure diagnosis policy, and the guidance when carrying out the gear train assembly optimal design, reducing the respectively rate of breakdown of these parts of transmission system, thus the Security and the working life of improving transmission system.
Background technique
The design of existing gear train assembly mainly be according to the traditional design theory of driving gear from aspects such as rotating speed, load, velocity ratios, purpose is to make the gear train assembly of design to have higher transmission efficiency, and has set up corresponding design specifications.But do not make rational regulation for the gear number of teeth of gear train assembly and the parameter of bearing (for example diameter of axle D, middle footpath D0, roller diameter d, roller are counted Z), so that the phenomenon of certain fault pilosity appears in gear, axle and the bearing of designed transmission system, for example: the tooth fatigue fracture of gear, the roller seating space crackle of gear, gear shaft fatigue crack or cut-out; The outer shroud of bearing is or/and interior ring is concentrated tired, scratch, some roller fatigue failure or the like, particularly there is the unexpected increase factor of gear engagement radial force mechanically at those, make gear train assembly reduce the life-span of system significantly because fault takes place frequently, even jeopardize safety because of catastrophic failure.
The inventor from the failure mechanism diagnosis of fault diagnosis science, has studied the form of gear train assembly fault and the feature of fault message in the research for many years of carrying out technology for mechanical fault diagnosis.Original intention is the early warning method that proposes the gear train assembly fault diagnosis, and relevant gear train assembly several parameters that research obtains and the structural relation between the fault mode, but not only the focus of information and the theoretical foundation of diagnostic method opinion are provided for fault diagnosis, and by backward inference, bearing, the gear design method for optimization of matching of said gear driving unit fault pilosity have been obtained preventing, for the innovation and the technological progress of the manufacturing industry relevant design that has a large capacity and a wide range provides new technological approaches.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention: be intended to propose a kind of brand-new Gear Transmission Design theory, hope from the source of design to the gear that constitutes gear train assembly, rotatingshaft and and the bearing of rotatingshaft coupling between, the mutual matching principle of driving gear carries out probing on the design concept, thereby makes the rate of fault of the gear train assembly in the running reduce to minimum.
The bearing of this minimizing fault rate of gear transmission system, gear adaptation design method comprise that a pair of number of teeth is the gearwheel of DC, and the number of teeth is the engagement pair of the small gear of XC; Bearing 3 parameters of supporting gearwheel are: middle footpath DD0, and roller diameter Dd, roller is counted DZ; Bearing 4 parameters of supporting small gear are: middle footpath XD0, and roller diameter Xd, roller is counted XZ; It is characterized in that: gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevents this gear train assembly liquidates and tiredly concentrates and prevent the tired design method that causes tired the concentrating of axle and crack of concentrating of gear load, and the structural relation that should follow is:
A, prevent that gearwheel and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When gearwheel bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed DWG roller, the number of teeth DWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural formula of DWG and DWC is:
DWC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0-Dd)×DZ]×DWG (D1)
K＝ABS[DWC-CINT(DWC)]
In the formula, DWG≤DZ, DWC≤DC.
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then gearwheel bearing fixedly outer shroud concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DWJ=1/DWG.
B, prevent that gearwheel and bearing from causing gear-roller-Nei ring and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed DNG roller in the gearwheel bearing, the number of teeth DNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of DNG and DNC is:
DNC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0+Dd)×DZ]×DNG (D2)
K＝ABS[DNC-CINT(DNC)]
In the formula, DNG≤DZ, DNC≤DC;
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then gearwheel bearing fixing in ring concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DNJ=1/DNG.
C, prevent that gearwheel from concentrating fatigue must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
DCD＝DC/DWC≠INT(2~DC) (D3)
DCD＝DC/DNC≠INT(2~DC) (D4)
It is the integer that number of teeth DC and the ratio of above-mentioned DWC or DNC of gearwheel is not equal to 2 ~ DC;
If DCD is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of gearwheel is DCD, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is DWC tooth or DNC tooth; The tired concentration ratio of gearwheel is DCJ=2/DCD, and its maximum value is 1.
D, prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet: when pinion bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution is crossed XWG roller, the number of teeth XWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer are K=0.1 ~ 0.9, recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XWG and XWC is:
XWC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0-Xd)×XZ]×XWG (X1)
K＝ABS[DWC-CINT(DWC)]
In the formula, XWG≤XZ, XWC≤XC.
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then pinion bearing fixedly outer shroud concentrate tired multiple, tired probability XWJ=1/XWG;
E, prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller-Nei ring and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet: when rim bearing loading point revolution is crossed XNG roller in the pinion bearing, the number of teeth XNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer are K=0.1 ~ 0.9, recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XNG and XNC is:
XNC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0+Xd)×XZ]×XNG (X2)
K＝ABS[XNC-CINT(XNC)]
In the formula, XNG≤XZ, XNC≤XC.
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then pinion bearing fixing in ring concentrate tired multiple, tired probability XNJ=1/XNG;
| The gearwheel number of teeth | The small gear number of teeth | Footpath in the gearwheel bearing | Gearwheel bearing rolls the footpath | Large Gear Shaft During bearing roller number |
| DC | XC | DD0 | Dd | DZ |
| Inner and outer rings is concentrated fatigue factor | Footpath in the pinion bearing | Pinion bearing rolls the footpath | Pinion shaft bearing roller number | |
| K | XD0 | Xd | XZ | |
| The pinion bearing outer shroud rolls across the roller number | Gear rotation is crossed the number of teeth | The gearwheel bearing outer shroud is concentrated tired probability | Gearwheel is concentrated tired number | The tired concentration ratio of gearwheel |
| XWG | XWC | XWJ | XCD | DCJ＝2/XCD |
| Ring rolls across the roller number in the gearwheel bearing | Gear rotation is crossed the number of teeth | Ring is concentrated tired probability in the gearwheel bearing | Small gear is concentrated tired number | The tired concentration ratio of small gear |
| XNG | XNC | XNJ | XCX | XCJ＝2/XCX |
F, prevent that small gear from concentrating fatigue must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
DCX＝XC/DWB≠INT(2~CX) (D5)
DCX＝XC/DNB≠INT(2~CX) (D6)
It is the integer that number of teeth XC and the ratio of above-mentioned DWB or DNB of small gear is not equal to 2 ~ CX.
If DCX is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of small gear is DCX, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is DWB tooth or DNB tooth; The tired concentration ratio of small gear is XCJ=2/DCX, and its maximum value is 1.
Argument table:
| The gearwheel number of teeth | The small gear number of teeth | Footpath in the gearwheel bearing | Gearwheel bearing rolls the footpath | Large Gear Shaft During bearing roller number |
| DC | XC | DD0 | Dd | DZ |
| Inner and outer rings is concentrated fatigue factor | Footpath in the pinion bearing | Pinion bearing rolls the footpath | Pinion shaft bearing roller number | |
| K | XD0 | Xd | XZ | |
| The gearwheel bearing outer shroud rolls across the roller number | Gear rotation is crossed the number of teeth | The gearwheel bearing outer shroud is concentrated tired probability | Gearwheel is concentrated tired number | The tired concentration ratio of gearwheel |
| DWG | DWC | DWJ | DCD | DCJ＝2/DCD |
| Ring rolls across the roller number in the gearwheel bearing | Gear rotation is crossed the number of teeth | Ring is concentrated tired probability in the gearwheel bearing | Small gear is concentrated tired number | The tired concentration ratio of small gear |
| DNG | DNC | DNJ | DCX | XCJ＝2/DCX |
G, prevent gearwheel and the axle concentrated fatigue must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
XCD＝DC/XWC≠INT(2~DC) (X3)
XCD＝DC/XNC≠INT(2~DC) (X4)
It is the integer that number of teeth DC and the ratio of above-mentioned XWC or XNC of gearwheel is not equal to 2 ~ DC.
If XCD is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of gearwheel is XCD, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is XWC tooth or XNC tooth; The tired concentration ratio of gearwheel is XCJ=2/XCD, and its maximum value is 1.
H, prevent small gear and the axle concentrated fatigue must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
XCX＝XC/XWC≠INT(2~CX) (X5)
XCX＝XC/XNC≠INT(2~CX) (X6)
It is the integer that number of teeth XC and the ratio of above-mentioned XWB or XNB of small gear is not equal to 2 ~ CX.
If XCX is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of small gear is XCX, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is XWC tooth or XNC tooth; The tired concentration ratio of small gear is XCJ=2/XCX, and its maximum value is 1.
Its feature also is: many to the gear engagement pair if gear drive has, then each must meet the gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevent this gear train assembly to the gear engagement pair and liquidates and tired concentrate and prevent that gear load from tiredly concentrating the design principle that causes tired the concentrating of axle and crack, following one to one that matching principle carries out structural design.
For different harsh degree being arranged in that the fatigue of gear-roller-ring is concentrated with the rotation of the coaxial bearing of gear and the ring that does not rotate, even be that swivel becket exists tired concentrating structure factor, but because it is in running again and again, make that tired concentrating disperseed, alleviate, the ring that does not rotate is then had no way of and is disperseed to alleviate, so its feature also is: in the coaxial gear and bearing, the not swivel becket of outer shroud must strictly be carried out the gear that prevents this gear train assembly, in bearing roller and the bearing, outer shroud liquidates and tired concentrate and prevent that tired the concentrating of gear load from causing tired the concentrating of axle and the design of crackle, the structural relation that manufacture method should be followed; The swivel becket of coaxial gear and bearing inner and outer rings, then the supporting region because of swivel becket changes again and again, disperse, alleviated tired concentrating, carry out the gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevent this gear train assembly and liquidate and tiredly concentrate and prevent that tired the concentrating of gear load from causing the tired concentrated and design principle that cracks of axle, follow one to one that matching principle carries out structural design and can loosen.
Because gear always interacts in the meshing zone, no matter the fatigue of the gear-roller-ring of what axle is concentrated and is all acted on both sides and can not alleviate, and so its feature also is: each must be carried out the gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevent this gear train assembly to the gear of engagement pair and liquidate and tiredly concentrate and prevent that tired the concentrating of gear load from causing the concentrated and design principle that cracks of a fatigue, follow one to one that matching principle carries out structural design.
Bearing, the gear adaptation design method of this minimizing fault rate of gear transmission system that proposes according to above technological scheme, by backward inference, bearing, the gear design method for optimization of matching of gear train assembly fault pilosity have been obtained preventing, for manufacturing industry design innovation and the technological progress that has a large capacity and a wide range provides new technological approaches.Realization is some mechanical failures minimizing and the gear that prevents gear train assembly and bearing and the rotating shaft from the design source, for the safe operation that guarantees machinery provides the robust techniques support.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the gear engagement pair of the present invention's introduction;
Fig. 2 finds the report of DF4D gearwheel bearing outer shroud Fault Diagnosis for automatic diagnosis;
Fig. 3 finds ring Fault Diagnosis report in the DF4D gearwheel bearing for automatic diagnosis;
Fig. 4-1 is 8 groups of tired spectral lines of DF4D small gear and changes approximate 16 shock waves in 2 weeks;
Fig. 4-2 is every group of photo that 2 roller seating space fatigue points are arranged in 8 groups of fatigues of DF4D0505 small gear;
Fig. 4-3 is the photo of DF4D pinion shaft crackle;
Fig. 5-1 reaches the automatic diagnosis report of 100% multiple fault because of the tired concentration ratio of outer shroud for the DF4DK pinion bearing;
Attrition fault takes place for this bearing because of the tired concentration ratio of the outer shroud of creeping reaches 100% in Fig. 5-2;
The fixed point fault takes place for this bearing because of the tired concentration ratio of fastening outer shroud reaches 100% in Fig. 5-3;
Fig. 6-1 reaches the automatic diagnosis report of 50% multiple fault because of the tired concentration ratio of interior ring for the DF4DK pinion bearing;
Attrition fault takes place for this bearing because of the tired concentration ratio of ring in rotating reaches 50% in Fig. 6-2.
Among the figure: in the 1-gearwheel 2-small gear 3-gearwheel bearing 31-gearwheel bearing outer shroud 32-gearwheel bearing in the ring 4-gear-bearing 41-pinion bearing outer shroud 42-pinion bearing in the ring DC-gearwheel number of teeth XC-small gear number of teeth DD0-gearwheel footpath Dd-gearwheel roller diameter Dz-gearwheel roller count footpath XD-small gear roller diameter Xz-small gear roller number in the XD0-small gear
Embodiment
Make specifying of application process below in conjunction with embodiment.
Bearing, the gear adaptation design method of this minimizing fault rate of gear transmission system that proposes according to technique scheme, it comprises that a pair of number of teeth is the gearwheel 1 of DC, the engagement pair of small gear 2 that the number of teeth is XC, and the bearing 4 of the bearing 3 of supporting gearwheel, supporting small gear; Setting bearing 3 parameters is: middle footpath DD0, and roller diameter Dd, roller is counted DZ; Bearing 4 parameters of supporting small gear are: middle footpath XD0, and roller diameter Xd, roller is counted XZ; It is characterized in that: gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevents this gear train assembly tired tired structural relation of concentrating the design method that causes tired the concentrating of axle and crack to follow respectively of gear load of concentrating and prevent that liquidates, should carry out analytical calculation to designed gear train assembly, satisfy selected gear, bearing parameter and do not violate the requirement of above-mentioned design method, under the prerequisite that satisfies its conventional design requirement in guarantee, further reduce and the probability of fatigue takes place to concentrate and lower rate of breakdown.Common using method is according to requiring to design after the selected transmission part parameter according to transmission, calculate according to a kind of bearing, gear matching Design manufacture method that reduces fault rate of gear transmission system, if find the factor that does not meet the design's method, just adjust design parameter, until both meeting the conventional design requirement, meet the design's method again.
The following examples have been analyzed and have somely only been met that conventional design requires and the example of not considering the existing homemade locomotive transmission device of the design's method, its tired concentration members and tired intensity thereof have been calculated, enumerated and detected the report that corresponding fault is found in diagnosis, and relative trouble unit photo.Thereby for the improvement design that reduces rate of fault provides the theory and practice foundation.
Gear train assembly to the DF4D locomotive prevents that the tired parameter matching status analysis of concentrating of bearing, gear and axle from calculating
The gear transmission parameter that the big small gear of this locomotive and bearing thereof and axle are formed is as follows:
| The gearwheel number of teeth | The small gear number of teeth | Footpath in the gearwheel bearing | Gearwheel bearing rolls the footpath | Large Gear Shaft During bearing roller number |
| DC＝68 | XC＝24 | DD0＝302.5 | Dd＝17.5 | DZ＝43 |
| Footpath in the pinion bearing | Pinion bearing rolls the footpath | Pinion shaft bearing roller number | ||
| XD0＝230 | Xd＝40 | XZ＝14 |
Prevent that gearwheel and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue must meet following requirement:
Because when gearwheel rotates a week, not only with pinion DC time, and the roller number that the outer shroud bearing point (district) of the bearing that its outer shroud is fixed passes through is:
GG＝(DD0-Dd)×DZ/(2×DD0)
Then fixedly outer shroud bearing point (district) is whenever by in the time period of 1 roller, and the gear meshing number of times is:
CC＝DC/GG＝(2×DD0×DC)/[(DD0-Dd)×DZ]
Designing requirement is: when fixedly the bearing point of outer shroud is whenever by DWG roller, and the corresponding gear engagement number of times DWC and the poor K=ABS[(DWC-CINT (DWC) of integer)=0.1 ~ 0.9, recommended value is 0.3 ~ 0.7, optimum value is 0.5.
That is:
DWC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0-Dd)×DZ]×DWG
K＝ABS[DWC-CINT(DWC)]
In the formula, DWG≤DZ, DWC≤DC.
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then gearwheel bearing fixedly outer shroud concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DWJ=1/DWG;
Calculate:
DWC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0-Dd)×DZ]×DWG
＝2×302.5×68/[(302.5-17.5)×43]×DWG＝3.3569971×DWG
If DWG=3, DWC=10.070991 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.070991, approach 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band.Therefore, the tired concentration ratio of the fixedly outer shroud of gearwheel bearing is DWJ=1/DWG=1/3=33.33%.This value is bigger, and it is improper to design.Accompanying drawing 2 is that the report of DF4D gearwheel bearing outer shroud Fault Diagnosis is found in automatic diagnosis.
If DWG=14, DWC=46.9979594 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.0020406, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band.But therefore the tired concentration ratio of the fixedly outer shroud of gearwheel bearing is DWJ=1/DWG=1/14=0.07143%.This value is very little, can not consider.
Because gearwheel number of teeth DC=68, the DWC ≈ 10 during corresponding DWG=3 then has:
DCD=DC/DWC=68/10=6.8 ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), so it is tired not exist gearwheel to concentrate.
Because small gear number of teeth DC=24, the DWC ≈ 10 during corresponding DWG=3 then has:
DCD=XC/DWC=24/10=2.4 ≠ INT (2 ~ XC), so it is tired not exist small gear to concentrate.
Prevent that gearwheel and bearing initiation gear-roller-Nei from encircling the concentrated fatigue that liquidates and must meet:
When rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed DNG roller in the gearwheel bearing, the number of teeth DNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of DNG and DNC is:
DNC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0+Dd)×DZ]×DNG
K＝ABS[DNC-CINT(DNC)]
In the formula, DNG≤DZ, DNC≤DC.
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then gearwheel bearing fixing in ring concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DNJ=1/DNG;
Calculate:
DNC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0+Dd)×DZ]×DNG
＝2×302.5×68/[(302.5+17.5)×43]×DNG＝2.9898256×DNG
If DNG=1, then DNC=2.9898256 ≈ 3,
K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0101744, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, so ring is concentrated tired probability DNJ=1/DNG=100% in the gearwheel bearing; But, therefore alleviate for existing 100% concentrated tired the dispersion, but the tired concentration problem of interior ring exists and the fault pilosity because ring is frequently changed its supporting region along with gearwheel and the together rotation of its axle in the gearwheel bearing of this transmission system.As accompanying drawing 3.
If DNG=2, then DNC=5.9796512 ≈ 6,
K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0203488, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, so ring is concentrated tired probability DNJ=1/DNG=50% in the gearwheel bearing; But be included within the DNG=1.
If DNG=3, then DNC=8.9694768 ≈ 9,
K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0305232, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, so ring is concentrated tired probability DNJ=1/DNG=50% in the gearwheel bearing; But be included within the DNG=1.
If DNG=4, then DNC=11.9593024 ≈ 12,14.949128
K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0406976, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, so ring is concentrated tired probability DNJ=1/DNG=25% in the gearwheel bearing; But be included within the DNG=1.
If DNG=5, then DNC=14.949128 ≈ 15,
K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.050872, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, so ring is concentrated tired probability DNJ=1/DNG=20% in the gearwheel bearing; But be included within the DNG=1.
Because gearwheel number of teeth DC=68, corresponding DNG=1,2,3,4,5 o'clock DNC ≈ 3,6,9,12,15 then because of 68=4 * 17, have:
DCD=DC/DNC=68/DNC ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), so not existing, gearwheel do not concentrate fatigue.
Because small gear number of teeth DC=24, the DNC ≈ 3,6,12 during corresponding DNG=1 then has:
XCD=XC/DNC=24/ (3,6,12)=(8,4,2)=INT (2 ~ XC), so small gear exists uniform 8 or 4 or 2 groups to concentrate fatigue, in promptly per 3 teeth a concentrated fatigue point is arranged, calibration is 45 degree.After repeatedly maintenance reconfigured, big or small gear meshing phase place was arbitrarily changed, 1 or 2 tooth that for example staggers, then original and newly-increased fatigue group number be 8 groups constant, but the fatigue point in every group of 3 tooth will be increased to 2 even 3.Accompanying drawing 4-1 is the automatic diagnosis form of the small gear that breaks down, accompanying drawing 4-2 be 8 groups tired and change approximate 16 shock waves in 2 weeks.
When the pinion shaft design strength is not enough, because of being subjected to the gearwheel radial thrust, small gear exist the positioning action power of 45 degree calibration that fatigue crack takes place easily.Accompanying drawing 4-1 is for 8 groups of tired spectral lines of DF4D small gear and changes approximate 16 shock waves in 2 weeks.Accompanying drawing 4-3 is the photo of DF4D pinion shaft crackle.
Prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When pinion bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed XWG roller, the number of teeth XWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XWG and XWC is calculated as:
XWC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0-Xd)×XZ]×XWG
＝2×230×24/[(230-40)×14]×XWG＝4.1503759×XWG
If XWG=7, XWC=29.052631 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.052631, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, pinion bearing is the concentrated tired probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/7=14.28571% of outer shroud fixedly;
If XWG=13, XWC=53.954887 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.045113, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, pinion bearing fixedly outer shroud is concentrated the probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/13=7.6923% of fatigue;
The pinion bearing that these two kinds of factors cause fixedly outer shroud is concentrated tired probability XWJ=21.97801%; There is higher outer shroud to concentrate tired probability, is prone to outer shroud fatigue.
The pinion bearing outer shroud is fixedly the time:
XCD=DC/XWC=68/29=2.3448 ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), gearwheel can not take place to be concentrated tired;
XCD=XC/XWC=24/29=0.8276 ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), small gear can not take place to be concentrated tired;
Prevent that small gear and bearing initiation gear-roller-Nei from encircling the concentrated fatigue that liquidates and must meet:
When rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed XWG roller in the pinion bearing, the number of teeth XNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XNG and XNC is calculated as:
XNC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0+Xd)×XZ]×XNG
＝2×230×24/[(230+40)×14]×XNG＝2.9206349×XNG
If XNG=1, then XNC=2.9206349 ≈ 3, K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.079365, near 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, ring was concentrated tired probability XNJ=1/XNG=1/1=100% in pinion bearing rotated; Only because of interior ring rotates, carrying disperses and tired concentrated the alleviation.
If XWG=12, XNC=35.047619 then, K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0476193, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, ring was concentrated tired probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/12=8.3333% in pinion bearing rotated; Can not consider its influence.
The pinion bearing outer shroud is fixedly the time, because interior ring-roller-gear has following relation:
XCD=DC/XNC=68/3=22.6667 ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), gearwheel can not take place to be concentrated tired;
XCD=XC/XNC=24/3=8=INT (2 ~ DC), concentrate tired at 8 that small gear and axle thereof will take place; This has just aggravated the fatigue crack of the DF4D small gear shown in the accompanying drawing 4-2.
Small gear whenever circles, total number of teeth in engagement XC=24, interior ring specified point by supporting region once, at this moment, roller is by outer shroud bearing point W time, by interior ring specified point N time:
W＝[(XD0-Xd)×XZ]/2×XD0
N＝[(XD0+Xd)×XZ]/2×XD0
Always there are in one ring, gear rotate minimum number of turns Q, following relation arranged:
Interior ring, gear specified point are by supporting region (satisfying);
An approximate integer roller is by interior ring specified point;
An approximate integer roller is by the outer shroud supporting region.
WQ=[(XD0-Xd) * XZ]/2 * XD0 * Q, approach integer with the error of K＜0.07
NQ=[(XD0+Xd) * XZ]/2 * XD0 * Q, approach integer with the error of K＜0.07
WQ＝[(230-40)×14]/2×230×Q＝5.7826087Q
NQ＝[(230+40)×14]/2×230×Q＝8.2173913Q
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | |
| Q | 9 | 14 | 23 |
| NQ | 73.9565217 | 115.0434782 | 189 |
| WQ | 52.0434783 | 80.9565218 | 133 |
As seen pinion rotation 23 is enclosed, and the ring probability that specified point-roller-the outer shroud supporting region liquidates comprehensively is in taking place: [Q3/Q3+Q3/Q2+Q3/Q1]/Q3=1/Q1+ 1/Q2+ 1/Q3=0.2260
Therefore, interior ring rotates and disperses though interior ring-roller-gear mesh dashes, but still has the comprehensive impact rate 22.6% or more, cause gear and spool fixed point fatigue.So must examine the tired destruction of concentrating of intranuclear cycle-gear-roller.
Because gearwheel number of teeth DC=68, corresponding DNG=1,2,3,4,5 o'clock DNC ≈ 3,6,9,12,15 then have:
DCD=DC/DNC ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), so not existing, gearwheel do not concentrate fatigue.
Because small gear number of teeth DC=24, the DNC ≈ 3,6,12 during corresponding DNG=1 then has:
XCD=XC/DNC=24/ (3,6,12)=(8,4,2)=INT (2 ~ XC), so small gear exists uniform 8 or 4 or 2 groups to concentrate fatigue, promptly a concentrated fatigue point is arranged every 3 teeth, calibration is 45 degree.After repeatedly keeping in repair center of gravity combination, big or small gear meshing phase place is arbitrarily changed, 1 or 2 tooth that for example staggers, then original and newly-increased fatigue group number be 8 groups constant, but the fatigue point in every group of 3 tooth will be increased to 2 even 3.Accompanying drawing 4-1 is the automatic diagnosis form of the small gear that breaks down, accompanying drawing 4-2 be 8 groups tired and change approximate 16 shock waves in 2 weeks.
When the pinion shaft design strength is not enough, because of being subjected to the gearwheel radial thrust, small gear exist the positioning action power of 45 degree calibration that fatigue crack takes place easily.Accompanying drawing 4-1 is " 2 lonely spectrum " information of the pinion shaft fatigue crack of diagnosis discovery.Accompanying drawing 4-3 is the photo of DF4D pinion shaft crackle.
Prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When pinion bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed XWG roller, the number of teeth XWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XWG and XWC is calculated as:
XWC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0-Xd)×XZ]×XWG
＝2×230×24/[(230-40)×14]×XWG＝4.1503759×XWG
If XWG=7, XWC=29.052631 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.052631, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, pinion bearing is the concentrated tired probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/7=14.28571% of outer shroud fixedly;
If XWG=13, XWC=53.954887 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.045113, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, pinion bearing fixedly outer shroud is concentrated the probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/13=7.6923% of fatigue;
The pinion bearing that these two kinds of factors cause fixedly outer shroud is concentrated tired probability XWJ=21.97801%; There is higher outer shroud to concentrate tired probability, is prone to outer shroud fatigue.
The pinion bearing outer shroud is fixedly the time:
XCD=DC/XWC=68/29=2.3448 ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), gearwheel can not take place to be concentrated tired;
XCD=XC/XWC=24/29=0.8276 ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), small gear can not take place to be concentrated tired;
Prevent that small gear and bearing initiation gear-roller-Nei from encircling the concentrated fatigue that liquidates and must meet:
When rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed XWG roller in the pinion bearing, the number of teeth XNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XNG and XNC is calculated as:
XNC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0+Xd)×XZ]×XNG
＝2×230×24/[(230+40)×14]×XNG＝2.9206349×XNG
If XNG=1, then XNC=2.9206349 ≈ 3, K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.079365, near 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, ring was concentrated tired probability XNJ=1/XNG=1/1=100% in pinion bearing rotated; Only because of interior ring rotates, carrying disperses and tired concentrated the alleviation.
If XWG=12, XNC=35.047619 then, K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0476193, meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, therefore, ring was concentrated tired probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/12=8.3333% in pinion bearing rotated; Can not consider its influence.
The pinion bearing outer shroud is fixedly the time, because interior ring-roller-gear has following relation:
XCD=DC/XNC=68/3=22.6667 ≠ INT (2 ~ DC), gearwheel can not take place to be concentrated tired;
XCD=XC/XNC=24/3=8=INT (2 ~ DC), concentrate tired at 8 that small gear and axle thereof will take place; This has just aggravated the fatigue crack of the DF4D small gear shown in the accompanying drawing 4-2.
Small gear whenever circles, total number of teeth in engagement XC=24, interior ring specified point by supporting region once, at this moment, roller is by outer shroud bearing point W time, by interior ring specified point N time:
W＝[(XD0-Xd)×XZ]/2×XD0
N＝[(XD0+Xd)×XZ]/2×XD0
Always there are in one ring, gear rotate minimum number of turns Q, following relation arranged:
Interior ring, gear specified point are by supporting region (satisfying);
An approximate integer roller is by interior ring specified point;
An approximate integer roller is by the outer shroud supporting region.
WQ=[(XD0-Xd) * XZ]/2 * XD0 * Q, approach integer with the error of K＜0.07
NQ=[(XD0+Xd) * XZ]/2 * XD0 * Q, approach integer with the error of K＜0.07
WQ＝[(230-40)×14]/2×230×Q＝5.7826087Q
NQ＝[(230+40)×14]/2×230×Q＝8.2173913Q
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | |
| Q | 9 | 14 | 23 |
| NQ | 73.9565217 | 115.0434782 | 189 |
| WQ | 52.0434783 | 80.9565218 | 133 |
As seen pinion rotation 23 is enclosed, and the ring probability that specified point-roller-the outer shroud supporting region liquidates comprehensively is in taking place: [Q3/Q3+Q3/Q2+Q3/Q1]/Q3=1/Q1+ 1/Q2+ 1/Q3=0.2260
Therefore, interior ring rotates and disperses though interior ring-roller-gear mesh dashes, but still has the comprehensive impact rate 22.6% or more, cause gear and spool fixed point fatigue.So must examine the tired destruction of concentrating of intranuclear cycle-gear-roller.
Gear train assembly to the DF4DK locomotive prevents that the tired parameter matching status analysis of concentrating of bearing, gear and axle from calculating
The gear transmission parameter that the big small gear of this locomotive and bearing thereof and axle are formed is as follows:
| The gearwheel number of teeth | The small gear number of teeth | Footpath in the gearwheel bearing | Gearwheel bearing rolls the footpath | Large Gear Shaft During bearing roller number |
| DC＝76 | XC＝29 | DD0＝430 | Dd＝24 | DZ＝38 |
| Inner and outer rings is concentrated fatigue factor | Footpath in the pinion bearing | Pinion bearing rolls the footpath | Pinion shaft bearing roller number | |
| K | XD0＝230 | Xd＝40 | XZ＝14 |
Prevent that gearwheel and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When gearwheel bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed DWG roller, the number of teeth DWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of DWG and DWC is:
DWC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0-Dd)×DZ]×DWG
＝2×430×76/[(430-24)×38]×DWG＝4.2364532×DWG
If DWG=4, DWC=16.945813 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.0541871
In the formula, DWG≤DZ, DWC≤DC.
Meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, so gearwheel bearing fixedly outer shroud concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DWJ=1/DWG=1/4=25%;
But the bearing of this gearwheel is the bearing that interior ring is fixed, outer shroud rotates, so this outer shroud is concentrated tired the alleviation.
Gearwheel is counted DC=76, and DC/DWC=76/17=4.47 is not an integer, does not exist gearwheel to concentrate fatigue problem.
Small gear is counted XC=29, and XC/DWC=29/17=1.70 is not an integer, does not exist small gear to concentrate fatigue problem.
Prevent that gearwheel and bearing initiation gear-roller-Nei from encircling the concentrated fatigue that liquidates and must meet:
When rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed DNG roller in the gearwheel bearing, the number of teeth DNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of DNG and DNC is:
DNC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0+Dd)×DZ]×DNG
＝2×430×76/[(430+24)×38]×DNG＝3.7885463×DNG
If DNG=5, DNC=18.942731 then, K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0572683
In the formula, DNG≤DZ, DNC≤DC.
Meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, ring was concentrated tired probability DNJ=1/DNG=1/5=20% in gearwheel bearing was fixing;
So the tired fault of concentrating easily took place in ring in gearwheel bearing was fixing.
Gearwheel is counted DC=76, and DC/DNC=76/19=4 is an integer, exists gearwheel to concentrate fatigue problem.
Small gear is counted XC=29, and XC/DNC=29/19=1.526 is not an integer, does not exist small gear to concentrate fatigue problem.
Prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When pinion bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed XWG roller, the number of teeth XWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XWG and XWC is:
XWC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0-Xd)×XZ]×XWG
＝2×230×29/[(230-40)×14]×XWG＝5.0150376×XWG
If XWG=1, XWC=5.0150376 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.0150376
In the formula, XWG≤XZ, XWC≤XC.
Meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, pinion bearing fixedly outer shroud is concentrated tired multiple, tired probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/1=100%; The outer shroud fatigue damage very easily takes place.As accompanying drawing 5.Only less because of the gear radial thrust of this integral locomotive, so when this external cause condition of shortage, can exempt from the fault pilosity.But have been found that the serious wear-out failure of this bearing: loose if the outer shroud of bearing is installed, when long-term operation, take place slowly to creep, then its outer shroud occurs concentrating the scratch band that causes because of above-mentioned fatigue, as accompanying drawing 5-2; If it is very tight that the outer shroud of bearing is installed, on-streamly almost can not creep, then its outer shroud occurs concentrating the fixed point fatigue that causes because of above-mentioned fatigue, as accompanying drawing 5-3.
Gearwheel is counted DC=76, and DC/XWC=76/5=15.2 is not an integer, does not exist gearwheel to concentrate fatigue problem.
Small gear is counted XC=29, and XC/XWC=29/5=5.8 is not an integer, does not exist small gear to concentrate fatigue problem.
Prevent that small gear and bearing initiation gear-roller-Nei from encircling the concentrated fatigue that liquidates and must meet:
When rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed XNG roller in the pinion bearing, the number of teeth XNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XNG and XNC is:
XNC＝×XD0×XC/[(XD0+Xd)×XZ]×XNG
＝2×230×29/[(230+40)×14]×XNG＝3.5291005×XNG
If XNG=2, XNC=7.0582011 then, K=ABS[XNC-CINT (XNC)]=0.0582011
In the formula, XNG≤XZ, XNC≤XC.
Meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, then ring is concentrated tired probability XNJ=1/XNG=50% in the pinion bearing; But because ring rotates in being somebody's turn to do, so tired dispersion is alleviated.But still the tired concentration problem of ring in existing, ring is tired in easily taking place.As accompanying drawing 6.
Gearwheel is counted DC=76, and DC/XNC=76/7=10.8571 is not an integer, does not exist gearwheel to concentrate fatigue problem.
Small gear is counted XC=29, and XC/XNC=29/7=3 is an integer, exists small gear to concentrate fatigue problem.
According to above-mentioned analysis,, then might avoid small gear drive motor outer race fault to concentrate probability up to 100% fatigue if change the pinion bearing type selecting of DF4DK or change the driving gear parameter.
For example: newly-designed DF4DKH has changed velocity ratio with respect to DF4DK, but does not change motor (and bearing) type selecting of driving pinion:
Vehicle code name: DF4DK; Traction electric machine model: ZD109B; Velocity ratio: 76:29=2.620
Vehicle code name: DF4DKH; Traction electric machine model: ZD109B; Velocity ratio: 65:22=2.9545
| DC＝65 | XC＝22 | DD0＝430 | Dd＝24 | DZ＝38 |
| The gearwheel number of teeth | The small gear number of teeth | Footpath in the gearwheel bearing | Gearwheel bearing rolls the footpath | Large Gear Shaft During bearing roller number |
| K | XD0＝230 | Xd＝40 | XZ＝14 | |
| Inner and outer rings is concentrated fatigue factor | Footpath in the pinion bearing | Pinion bearing rolls the footpath | Pinion shaft bearing roller number |
Prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When pinion bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed XWG roller, the number of teeth XWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of XWG and XWC is:
XWC＝2×XD0×XC/[(XD0-Xd)×XZ]×XWG
＝2×230×22/[(230-40)×14]×XWG＝3.8045113×XWG
If XWG=5, XWC=19.022556 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.022556
In the formula, XWG≤XZ, XWC≤XC.
Meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, pinion bearing fixedly outer shroud concentrates fatigue condition still to exist, but its tired probability XWJ=1/XWG=1/5=20%; The probability of pinion bearing outer shroud fatigue damage takes place, and is 1/5 of DF4DK.Thereby can reduce rate of fault significantly.
Gearwheel number of teeth DC=65, small gear number of teeth XC=22 does not have the integral multiple relation with above-mentioned XWC=19, can guarantee the fixed point fatigue that therefore big small gear does not cause yet.
Analyze gearwheel at DF4DKH again:
Prevent that gearwheel and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet:
When gearwheel bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed DWG roller, the number of teeth DWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of DWG and DWC is:
DWC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0-Dd)×DZ]×DWG
＝2×430×65/[(430-24)×38]×DWG＝3.6232823×DWG
If DWG=8, DWC=28.986259 then, K=ABS[DWC-CINT (DWC)]=0.0137412
Though meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, gearwheel bearing is the probability DWJ=1/DWG=1/8=12.5% that concentrates of outer shroud fixedly; DF4DK drops to 1/2 relatively.
But the bearing of this gearwheel is the bearing that interior ring is fixed, outer shroud rotates, so this outer shroud is concentrated tired the alleviation.
Gearwheel is counted DC=65, and DC/DWC=65/29=2.24 is not an integer, does not exist gearwheel to concentrate fatigue problem.
Small gear is counted XC=22, and XC/DWC=22/29=0.7586 is not an integer, does not exist small gear to concentrate fatigue problem.
Prevent that gearwheel and bearing initiation gear-roller-Nei from encircling the concentrated fatigue that liquidates and must meet:
When rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed DNG roller in the gearwheel bearing, the number of teeth DNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9, and recommended value is K=0.3 ~ 0.7, and optimal value is K=0.5; Wherein, the structural relation formula of DNG and DNC is:
DNC＝2×DD0×DC/[(DD0+Dd)×DZ]×DNG
＝2×430×65/[(430+24)×38]×DNG＝3.240204×DNG
If DNG=4, DNC=12.960816 then, K=ABS[DNC-CINT (DNC)]=0.0391838
In the formula, DNG≤DZ, DNC≤DC.
Meet 0.07〉K〉0 not allowed band, ring was concentrated tired probability DNJ=1/DNG=1/4=25% in gearwheel bearing was fixing;
So the tired fault of concentrating easily took place in ring in gearwheel bearing was fixing.
Gearwheel is counted DC=65, and DC/DNC=65/13=5 is an integer, and DF4DK then is 4, all exists gearwheel to concentrate fatigue problem.
Small gear is counted XC=22, and XC/DNC=22/13=1.6923 is not an integer, does not exist small gear to concentrate fatigue problem.
By above-mentioned comparative analysis as seen:
DF4DKH changes with respect to the design of the transmission system of DF4DK, be not with the present invention institute at the minimizing rate of fault be target, though reducing aspect tired the concentrating, particularly pinion bearing outer shroud fatigue concentration ratio aspect obtains effect, but contingent income.The main cause that this design changes is: improve velocity ratio (by the 76:29=2.6207 that is of DF4DK in order to adapt to plateau (Lanzhou, Hami) large slope operation, change into DF4DKH for 65:22=2.9545), so but the fatigue that does not overcome existing initiating failure is fully concentrated defective.
More than analyze yet proof: design method of the present invention is not used in the driving gear system design of related example, thereby does not comprise method of the present invention in the local proof gear train assembly design method before this.
Need to prove: though chance does not have or do not run counter to the device of this optimal design because exist other defect to may not be certain not have fault to take place comprehensively, but run counter to the device of this optimal design, promptly has the device of internal cause defective, in case possess external cause (load) condition, just inevitable fault pilosity.
Claims (4)
1. bearing, gear adaptation design method that reduces fault rate of gear transmission system, it comprises that a pair of number of teeth is the gearwheel (1) of (DC), the number engagement pair for the small gear (2) of (XC), and the bearing (4) of the bearing of supporting gearwheel (3), supporting small gear; Setting bearing (3) parameter is: middle footpath (DDO), roller diameter (Dd), roller number (DZ); Bearing (4) parameter of supporting small gear is: middle footpath XDO, and roller diameter Xd, roller is counted XZ; It is characterized in that: gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevents this gear train assembly liquidates and tiredly concentrates and prevent that the tired structural relation of concentrating the design method that causes tired the concentrating of axle and crack to follow respectively of gear load from being:
A, prevent that gearwheel and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet: when gearwheel bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed the DWG roller, the number of teeth DWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9;
Wherein, the structural relation formula of DWG and DWC is:
DWC＝2×DDO×DC/[(DDO-Dd)×DZ]×DWG (D1)
K＝ABS[DWC-CINT(DWC)]
In the formula, DWG≤DZ, DWC≤DC,
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then gearwheel bearing fixedly outer shroud concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DWJ=1/DWG;
B, prevent that gearwheel and bearing from causing gear-roller-Nei ring and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet: when rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed DNG roller in the gearwheel bearing, the number of teeth DNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9;
Wherein, the structural relation formula of DNG and DNC is:
DNC＝2×DDO×DC/[(DDO+Dd)×DZ]×DNG (D2)
K＝ABS[DNC-CINT(DNC)]
In the formula, DNG≤DZ, DNC≤DC,
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then gearwheel bearing fixing in ring concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DNJ=1/DNG;
C, prevent that gearwheel from concentrating fatigue must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
DCD＝DC/DWC≠INT(2~DC) (D3)
DCD＝DC/DNC≠INT(2~DC) (D4)
It is the integer that number of teeth DC and the ratio of above-mentioned DWC or DNC of gearwheel is not equal to 2 ~ DC;
If DCD is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of gearwheel is DCD, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is DWC tooth or DNC tooth; The tired concentration ratio of gearwheel is DCJ=2/DCD, and its maximum value is 1;
D, prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller-outer shroud and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet: when pinion bearing outer shroud bearing point revolution was crossed the DWG roller, the number of teeth XWC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9;
Wherein, the structural relation formula of XWG and XWC is:
DWC＝2×XDO×XC/[(DO-Xd)×Z]×XWG (D1)
K＝ABS[DWC-CINT(DWC)]
In the formula, XWG≤Z, XWC≤XC,
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then gearwheel bearing fixedly outer shroud concentrate tired multiple, tired probability DWJ=1/DWG;
E, prevent that small gear and bearing from causing gear-roller roller-Nei ring and liquidating and concentrate fatigue to meet: when rim bearing loading point revolution was crossed XNG roller in the pinion bearing, the number of teeth XNC that gear rotation is crossed and the difference of positive integer were K=0.1 ~ 0.9;
Wherein, the structural relation formula of XNG and XNC is:
XNC＝2×XDO×XC/[(XDO+Xd)×XZ]×XNG (X2)
K＝ABS[XNC-CINT(XNC)]
In the formula, XNG≤XZ, XNC≤XC,
If meet 0.07〉K 0 not allowed band, then pinion bearing fixing in ring concentrate tired multiple, tired probability XNJ=1/XNG;
F, prevent that small gear from concentrating fatigue must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
DCX＝XC/DWB≠INT(2~CX) (D5)
DCX＝XC/DNB≠INT(2~CX) (D6)
Be the integer that number of teeth XC and the ratio of above-mentioned DWB or DNB of small gear is not equal to 2 ~ CX,
If DCX is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of small gear is DCX, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is DWB tooth or DNB tooth; The tired concentration ratio of small gear is XCJ=2/DCX, and its maximum value is 1;
G, prevent that gearwheel and rotating shaft thereof from concentrating fatigue strength must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
XCD＝DC/XWC≠INT(2~DC) (X3)
XCD＝DC/XNC≠INT(2~DC) (X4)
It is the integer that number of teeth DC and the ratio of above-mentioned XWC or XNC of gearwheel is not equal to 2 ~ DC;
If XCD is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of gearwheel is XCD, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is XWC tooth or XNC tooth; The tired concentration ratio of gearwheel is XCJ=2/XCD, and its maximum value is 1;
H, prevent that gearwheel and rotating shaft thereof from concentrating fatigue strength must meet the structural relation that following formula is represented:
XCX＝XC/XWC≠INT(2~CX) (X5)
XCX＝XC/XNC≠INT(2~CX) (X6)
It is the integer that number of teeth XC and the ratio of above-mentioned XWB or XNB of small gear is not equal to 2 ~ CX;
If XCX is an integer, then the concentrated tired number of small gear is XCX, and the proportional spacing between each fatigue point is XWC tooth or XNC tooth; The tired concentration ratio of small gear is XCJ=2/XCX, and its maximum value is 1.
2. a kind of bearing, gear adaptation design method that reduces fault rate of gear transmission system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gear train assembly has many to the gear engagement pair, then each must meet the gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevent this gear train assembly to the gear engagement pair and liquidates and tired concentrate and prevent the tired design principle that causes tired the concentrating of axle and crack of concentrating of gear load, and following one to one, matching principle carries out structural design.
3. a kind of bearing, gear adaptation design method that reduces fault rate of gear transmission system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the not swivel becket of coaxial gear and bearing inner and outer rings, must strict follow the gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevent this gear train assembly and liquidate and tiredly concentrate and prevent that tired the concentrating of gear load from causing the tired concentrated and design principle that cracks of axle, following one to one, matching principle carries out structural design.
4. a kind of bearing, gear adaptation design method that reduces fault rate of gear transmission system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each must be carried out the gear, bearing roller and the bearing inner and outer rings that prevent this gear train assembly to the gear of engagement pair and liquidate and tired concentrate and prevent the tired design principle that causes tired the concentrating of axle and crack of concentrating of gear load, and following one to one, matching principle carries out structural design.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106599437A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-26 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Bearing type selection method for reducing bearing fault rate of bearing gear transmission system |
| CN106959211A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-18 | 清华大学 | The fatigue test device and its method of testing of a kind of gear engagement |
| CN114151452A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市普渡科技有限公司 | Bearing preloading device, cabin door device and robot |
| CN114216674A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-03-22 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Gear fatigue test piece and manufacturing method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102654433B (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-06-04 | 唐德尧 | Fixed-point fatigue identification method for diagnosing faults of bearing and gear of transmission system |
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2008
- 2008-10-14 CN CN2008100438383A patent/CN101368613B/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106599437A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-26 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Bearing type selection method for reducing bearing fault rate of bearing gear transmission system |
| CN106599437B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2020-01-17 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Bearing type selection method for reducing bearing failure rate of bearing gear transmission system |
| CN106959211A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-18 | 清华大学 | The fatigue test device and its method of testing of a kind of gear engagement |
| CN114216674A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-03-22 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Gear fatigue test piece and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114151452A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市普渡科技有限公司 | Bearing preloading device, cabin door device and robot |
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| CN101368613B (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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Assignee: Beijing Tanzhi Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd. Assignor: Tang Deyao Contract record no.: 2012110000040 Denomination of invention: Bearing and gear adaptation design method for reducing fault rate of gear transmission system Granted publication date: 20100915 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090218 Record date: 20120227 |
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Effective date of registration: 20171213 Address after: 100097 Beijing agriculture science building B801, No. 11, middle road of Dawning garden, Haidian District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing Tanzhi Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 100011 Beijing City, Chaoyang District Guangshun Beidajie 33 the Atlantic metro area A 102-2-3A Patentee before: Tang Deyao |