CN111016541A - Heavy-load drive axle of 5-ton loader - Google Patents
Heavy-load drive axle of 5-ton loader Download PDFInfo
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- CN111016541A CN111016541A CN201911349785.2A CN201911349785A CN111016541A CN 111016541 A CN111016541 A CN 111016541A CN 201911349785 A CN201911349785 A CN 201911349785A CN 111016541 A CN111016541 A CN 111016541A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 101100175010 Caenorhabditis elegans gbf-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
- B60B35/121—Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub
- B60B35/122—Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub using gearings
- B60B35/125—Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub using gearings of the planetary type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
- B60B35/14—Torque-transmitting axles composite or split, e.g. half- axles; Couplings between axle parts or sections
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
- B60B35/16—Axle housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
- B60B35/18—Arrangement of bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy-load drive axle of a 5-ton loader, wherein a wheel-side bearing adopts a 32222 bearing, a cross shaft of a differential adopts a split structure, and the shaft diameter is phi 34; the parameters of the gear at the wheel edge are modulus 6.5, center distance 108.5, pressure angle 24 degrees, gear addendum coefficient 1 of the planet gear and the inner gear ring, gear addendum coefficient 0.25 of the planet gear and the inner gear ring, gear addendum coefficient 0.8 of the sun gear, gear addendum coefficient 0.3 of the sun gear, gear width 70, gear number 15 of the sun gear, displacement coefficient 0.15 of the sun gear, gear number 18 of the planet gear, displacement coefficient 0.1 of the planet gear, gear number 51 of the inner gear ring and displacement coefficient 0.3 of the inner gear ring, and the number of the planet gears is 3; the differential parameters are the number of teeth of the bevel gears 10, the number of teeth of the side gears 16, the modulus 9, and the pressure angle 22.5. The invention improves the safety and reliability of the drive axle and prolongs the service life of the drive axle, and simultaneously reduces the processing requirement of the split-type structure cross shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drive axle structure of a loader, in particular to a heavy-load drive axle of a 5-ton loader.
Background
The quality of a drive axle of a mainstream 5-ton loader in the industry is concerned more and more, the quality of the drive axle of the mainstream 5-ton loader in the industry cannot meet the requirements of customers, and particularly the quality is more and more prominent under the heavy load working condition operation, the wheel edge gear parameters of the drive axle of the mainstream 5-ton loader at present generally adopt a modulus of 6.5, a center distance of 107.25, a pressure angle of 20 degrees, a tooth top height coefficient of 0.8, a vertex coefficient of 0.3, a tooth width of 60, a sun gear tooth number of 15, a planet gear tooth number of 18, an inner gear tooth number of 51 and a planet gear number of 3, gears are not displaced, the wheel edge bearing generally adopts a 32221 bearing, the differential gear parameters generally adopt a bevel gear tooth number of 10, a half shaft gear tooth number of 18, a modulus of 7.41, a pressure angle of 25 degrees, a cross shaft diameter of 28.55, and a cross shaft structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a heavy-load drive axle of a 5-ton loader, which has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing and maintenance cost, safe and reliable use and long service life, and solves the following two problems in the prior art that ①, the sun gear tooth side contact strength in the wheel edge parameters is insufficient, the sliding rate is too high, the tooth surface pitting failure is easily caused, meanwhile, the wheel edge 32221 bearing cannot meet the requirement of heavy-load working conditions and is easy to damage, ②, the strength of a differential cannot meet the requirement of heavy-load working conditions, the differential is easy to generate tooth punching when meeting the heavy-load working conditions, the processing precision of a cross shaft with an integral structure is difficult to ensure, meanwhile, the diameter strength of phi 28.55 is insufficient, and the fracture failure of the cross shaft is easily caused when meeting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the heavy-load drive axle of the 5-ton loader comprises a wheel edge assembly, a half axle, an axle housing, a main speed reducer assembly and a support shaft, wherein the axle housing and the support shaft are welded to serve as a bearing part, the two sides of the axle housing support the wheel edge assembly, the main speed reducer assembly is installed in the middle of the axle housing, and the two sides of the half axle are respectively connected with the wheel edge assembly and the main speed reducer assembly; the wheel edge assembly comprises a bearing spacer bush, a bearing, a wheel shell, a nut, an elastic cushion, a wheel rim bolt, a wheel rim nut, a wheel carrier, a steel ball, a planet wheel shaft, a planet wheel gasket, a planet wheel, a sun wheel, a round nut, a screw, a roller pin, an inner gear ring, an O-shaped ring and a wheel edge bearing, wherein the bearing and the wheel edge bearing are respectively arranged in an inner hole of the wheel shell, the two bearings are supported on the supporting shaft, a bearing spacer sleeve is arranged between the bearing and the supporting shaft, the wheel carrier is arranged with the wheel shell through a nut, an elastic cushion, a rim bolt and a rim nut, the joint surfaces are sealed through an O-shaped ring, an inner hole spline of the inner gear ring is matched with a spline of the supporting shaft and is locked through a round nut on the end surface, meanwhile, looseness prevention is carried out by screws, the inner hole of the planet wheel is matched with the planet wheel shaft through a rolling needle, two end faces are installed in an installation hole of the planet wheel carrier through a planet wheel gasket, and meanwhile, a steel ball is installed at the end part of the planet wheel shaft for axial limiting; the main speed reducer assembly comprises a differential mechanism structure, the differential mechanism structure comprises a differential mechanism right shell, a half axle gasket, a half axle gear, a cross axle, a bevel gear gasket, a bevel gear, a differential mechanism left shell and a differential mechanism bolt, the differential mechanism left shell and the differential mechanism right shell are connected through the bolt, the bevel gear and the bevel gear gasket are installed on the excircle of the middle cross axle in a matching mode and installed in the inner holes of the differential mechanism left shell and the differential mechanism right shell, the cross axle is provided with two symmetrically installed half axle gears on the left and the right, and the half axle gear gasket is arranged between the end surface of the half axle gear and the differential mechanism left shell and the differential mechanism right shell and used for preventing; the wheel-side gear parameters of the wheel-side assembly are modulus 6.5, center distance 108.5, pressure angle 24 degrees, tooth crest height coefficient 1 of the planet gear and the inner gear ring, top coefficient 0.25 of the planet gear and the inner gear ring, tooth crest height coefficient 0.8 of the sun gear, top coefficient 0.3 of the sun gear, tooth width 70, tooth number 15 of the sun gear, displacement coefficient 0.15 of the sun gear, tooth number 18 of the planet gear, displacement coefficient 0.1 of the planet gear, tooth number 51 of the inner gear ring and displacement coefficient 0.3 of the inner gear ring, the number of the planet gear is 3, and the wheel-side bearing adopts 32222 bearing; the parameters of the differential mechanism are the tooth number of a bevel gear 10, the tooth number of a half shaft gear 16, the modulus 9 and the pressure angle 22.5 degrees, the cross shaft adopts a split structure, and the shaft diameter is phi 34.
The heavy-load drive axle of the 5-ton loader with the structure has the following technical characteristics and beneficial effects:
①, optimizing wheel side gear parameters, increasing the center distance to 108.5, increasing the pressure angle to 24 degrees by adopting a positive displacement design, increasing the tooth width to 70 degrees, reducing the sliding rate, improving the gear contact strength and improving the gear bending strength, and meanwhile, adopting 32222 bearings with higher dynamic and static loads to improve the bearing capacity and reduce the drive axle faults;
②, the differential parameter optimization is that the number of teeth of bevel gear is 10, the number of teeth of half axle gear is 16, the modulus is 9, the pressure angle is 22.5 degrees to improve the bearing capacity of the gear, the diameter of the cross axle is phi 34, and the split type structure cross axle is adopted, thereby not only improving the safety factor, but also reducing the processing technique requirement and reducing the breakage fault of the cross axle.
According to the heavy-load drive axle of the 5-ton loader, on one hand, through the technical means of enlarging the center distance, adopting a positive displacement design for the gear, increasing the pressure angle, increasing the tooth width and the like, the sliding rate is reduced, simultaneously, the contact strength of the gear is improved, the bending strength of the gear is also improved, and meanwhile, the wheel side gear can obviously improve the bearing capacity of the bearing by adopting a 32222 bearing with higher dynamic and static loads; on the other hand, the differential mechanism adopts a split type cross shaft structure and increases the shaft diameter by optimizing gear parameters and increasing the modulus, so that the safety factor is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the requirement on the machining process is reduced, thereby reducing the fracture fault of the cross shaft, finally improving the safety reliability and the service life of the drive axle and increasing the enterprise income.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic main sectional view of a heavy-duty drive axle of a 5-ton loader according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wheel side portion of a heavy-duty drive axle of a 5-ton loader according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the differential structure of the main reducer assembly of the heavy-duty drive axle of the 5-ton loader according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a split type cross axle of the differential structure of the heavy-duty drive axle of the 5-ton loader.
Reference numerals: the wheel side assembly comprises a wheel side assembly 1, a half shaft 2, an axle housing 3, a main speed reducer assembly 4, a supporting shaft 5, a bearing spacer 6, a bearing 7, a wheel shell 8, a nut 9, a spring washer 10, a rim bolt 11, a rim nut 12, a wheel carrier 13, a steel ball 14, a planet wheel shaft 15, a planet wheel gasket 16, a planet wheel 17, a sun wheel 18, a round nut 19, a screw 20, a needle roller 21, an inner gear ring 22, an O-shaped ring 23, a 32222 bearing 24, a differential right shell 25, a half shaft gasket 26, a half shaft gear 27, a split type cross shaft 28, a bevel gear gasket 29, a bevel gear 30, a differential left shell 31 and a differential.
Detailed Description
The heavy-load drive axle of the 5-ton loader is further described in detail with reference to the attached drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the heavy-duty drive axle of the 5-ton loader comprises a wheel edge assembly 1, a half shaft 2, an axle housing 3, a main reducer assembly 4 and a support shaft 5, wherein the axle housing 3 and the support shaft 5 are welded to serve as bearing parts, the wheel edge assembly 1 is supported at two sides, the main reducer assembly 4 is installed in the middle of the axle housing 3, and the wheel edge assembly 1 and the main reducer assembly 4 are connected at two sides of the half shaft 2; as shown in fig. 2, the wheel side assembly 1 comprises a bearing spacer 6, a bearing 7, a wheel shell 8, a nut 9, an elastic pad 10, a rim bolt 11, a rim nut 12, a wheel frame 13, a steel ball 14, a planet wheel shaft 15, a planet wheel gasket 16, a planet wheel 17, a sun wheel 18, a round nut 19, a screw 20, a needle roller 21, an inner ring 22, an O-ring 23 and a 32222 bearing 24, wherein the bearing 7 and the 32222 bearing 24 are respectively installed in an inner hole of the wheel shell 8 and supported on a support shaft 5 through two bearings, the bearing spacer 6 is arranged between the bearing 7 and the support shaft 5, the wheel frame 13 is installed together through the nut 9, the elastic pad 10, the rim bolt 11, the rim nut 12 and the wheel shell 8, a joint surface is sealed through the O-ring 23, a spline of an inner hole of the inner ring 22 is matched with a spline of the support shaft 5 and locked through the round nut 19 on the end surface, meanwhile, a bolt, two end faces are installed in an installation hole of the planet wheel carrier 13 through a planet wheel gasket 16, and meanwhile, a steel ball 14 is installed at the end part of the planet wheel shaft 15 for axial limiting; 3-4, the final drive assembly 4 includes a differential structure, and the differential structure includes a right differential case 25, a side axle spacer 26, a side gear 27, a split spider 28, a bevel gear spacer 29, a bevel gear 30, a left differential case 31 and differential bolts 32, the left differential case 31 and the right differential case 25 are connected through the bolts 32, the bevel gear 30 and the bevel gear spacer 29 are installed on the outer circle of the middle split spider 28 and installed in the inner holes of the left differential case 31 and the right differential case 25, the two side gears 27 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the split spider 28, and the side gear spacer 26 is arranged between the end surface of the side gear 27 and the left differential case 31 and the right differential case 25 for preventing the abnormal wear of the left differential case 31 and the right differential case 25.
The principle of the heavy-load drive axle with the structure is that power transmitted by the gearbox is subjected to primary speed reduction through the main speed reducer assembly 4, torque is transmitted to the roadside assembly 1 through the half shaft 2 to be subjected to secondary speed reduction, and finally the power is transmitted to the tire to realize movement. The heavy-load drive axle of the 5-ton loader comprises a wheel-side gear, a pressure angle, a gear width, a gear number 15 of a sun gear 18, a displacement coefficient 0.15 of the sun gear 18, a gear number 18 of a planet gear 17, a gear number 18 of the planet gear 17, a displacement coefficient 0.1 of the planet gear 17, a gear number 51 of an inner gear ring 22 and a displacement coefficient 0.3 of the inner gear ring 22, wherein the wheel-side gear parameter is re-optimized to be a modulus of 6.5, the center distance is increased to 108.5, the pressure angle is increased to 24 degrees, the gear top height coefficient 1 of the planet gear 17 and the inner gear ring 22 is increased to 0.25, the gear top height coefficient of the sun gear 18 is increased to 70 degrees, the gear number 15 of the sun gear 18, the displacement coefficient 0; the differential parameters are optimized to be the number of teeth 10 of the bevel gear 30, the number of teeth 16 of the side gear 27, the modulus 9, the pressure angle 22.5 degrees and the shaft diameter phi 34 of the split type cross shaft 28.
Claims (1)
1. A heavy-load drive axle of a 5-ton loader comprises a wheel edge assembly, a half axle, an axle housing, a main speed reducer assembly and a support shaft, wherein the axle housing and the support shaft are welded to serve as a bearing part, the wheel edge assembly is supported at two sides of the axle housing, the main speed reducer assembly is installed in the middle of the axle housing, and the two sides of the half axle are respectively connected with the wheel edge assembly and the main speed reducer assembly; the wheel edge assembly comprises a bearing spacer bush, a bearing, a wheel shell, a nut, an elastic cushion, a wheel rim bolt, a wheel rim nut, a wheel carrier, a steel ball, a planet wheel shaft, a planet wheel gasket, a planet wheel, a sun wheel, a round nut, a screw, a roller pin, an inner gear ring, an O-shaped ring and a wheel edge bearing, wherein the bearing and the wheel edge bearing are respectively arranged in an inner hole of the wheel shell, the two bearings are supported on the supporting shaft, a bearing spacer sleeve is arranged between the bearing and the supporting shaft, the wheel carrier is arranged with the wheel shell through a nut, an elastic cushion, a rim bolt and a rim nut, the joint surfaces are sealed through an O-shaped ring, an inner hole spline of the inner gear ring is matched with a spline of the supporting shaft and is locked through a round nut on the end surface, meanwhile, looseness prevention is carried out by screws, the inner hole of the planet wheel is matched with the planet wheel shaft through a rolling needle, two end faces are installed in an installation hole of the planet wheel carrier through a planet wheel gasket, and meanwhile, a steel ball is installed at the end part of the planet wheel shaft for axial limiting; the main speed reducer assembly comprises a differential mechanism structure, the differential mechanism structure comprises a differential mechanism right shell, a half axle gasket, a half axle gear, a cross axle, a bevel gear gasket, a bevel gear, a differential mechanism left shell and a differential mechanism bolt, the differential mechanism left shell and the differential mechanism right shell are connected through the bolt, the bevel gear and the bevel gear gasket are installed on the excircle of the middle cross axle in a matching mode and installed in the inner holes of the differential mechanism left shell and the differential mechanism right shell, the cross axle is provided with two symmetrically installed half axle gears on the left and the right, and the half axle gear gasket is arranged between the end surface of the half axle gear and the differential mechanism left shell and the differential mechanism right shell and used for preventing;
the method is characterized in that: the wheel-side gear parameters of the wheel-side assembly are modulus 6.5, center distance 108.5, pressure angle 24 degrees, tooth crest height coefficient 1 of the planet gear and the inner gear ring, top coefficient 0.25 of the planet gear and the inner gear ring, tooth crest height coefficient 0.8 of the sun gear, top coefficient 0.3 of the sun gear, tooth width 70, tooth number 15 of the sun gear, displacement coefficient 0.15 of the sun gear, tooth number 18 of the planet gear, displacement coefficient 0.1 of the planet gear, tooth number 51 of the inner gear ring and displacement coefficient 0.3 of the inner gear ring, the number of the planet gear is 3, and the wheel-side bearing adopts 32222 bearing; the parameters of the differential mechanism are the tooth number of a bevel gear 10, the tooth number of a half shaft gear 16, the modulus 9 and the pressure angle 22.5 degrees, the cross shaft adopts a split structure, and the shaft diameter is phi 34.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911349785.2A CN111016541A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Heavy-load drive axle of 5-ton loader |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911349785.2A CN111016541A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Heavy-load drive axle of 5-ton loader |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111016541A true CN111016541A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911349785.2A Withdrawn CN111016541A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Heavy-load drive axle of 5-ton loader |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113669433A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-19 | 安徽星瑞齿轮传动有限公司 | Large-torque speed reducer assembly of pure electric passenger car |
-
2019
- 2019-12-24 CN CN201911349785.2A patent/CN111016541A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113669433A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-19 | 安徽星瑞齿轮传动有限公司 | Large-torque speed reducer assembly of pure electric passenger car |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |