CN101366551A - Molecular engram material selectively removing TSNA in cigarette flue gas, preparation and application method thereof - Google Patents
Molecular engram material selectively removing TSNA in cigarette flue gas, preparation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101366551A CN101366551A CNA2008101430637A CN200810143063A CN101366551A CN 101366551 A CN101366551 A CN 101366551A CN A2008101430637 A CNA2008101430637 A CN A2008101430637A CN 200810143063 A CN200810143063 A CN 200810143063A CN 101366551 A CN101366551 A CN 101366551A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a molecular engram material for selectively removing TSNA in cigarette gas and a preparation and application method thereof. The preparation steps of the molecular engram material are as follows: activating and silanizing silica gel before synthesizing the molecular engram material; then dissolving a functional monomer into a pore-forming agent, adding a crosslinking agent and an initiator, and silanizing the silica gel and making the silica gel react in the vacuum; and in succession, removing template molecules from a high molecular material on the surface of the silica gel through a chemical or physical method. A plurality of cavities which are formed in the polymer are matched with the template molecules in space and have multi-action sites in the specificity arrangement. The cavities have high-efficiency selectivity for the TSNA molecules. When the molecular engram material is used for the selective harm reduction of cigarette gas, the material is preferably applied to a compound filter tip and the addition amount of the material can be freely adjusted. When the molecular engram material is added into the filter tip with the addition amount of 40 milligrams per cigarette, the material can reduce the content of the TSNA in the cigarette gas by 25.1 percent without affecting other components in the cigarette gas, thereby reaching the aim of selective harm reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material and methods for making and using same thereof that TSNA in the cigarette smoke is had the selective removal effect.
Background technology
Reducing tar and reducing harm is to be related to the healthy major issue of smoker, and for many years, each tobacco research institution is devoted to the research of this work always, and has obtained lot of research, and harmful components have had reduction by a relatively large margin relatively in the flue gas.But it is not high to adopt these means to fall harmful selectivity, has partly had influence on the original style taste of cigarette.The cigarette smoke composition is quite complicated, and Selective Separation removal predetermined substance has been that harmful trend of the times falls in cigarette industry from this complex mixture, but also very difficult simultaneously.
Molecular engram material (MIPs) is a kind of macromolecular material that begins one's study recently, it has the biological enzyme activity of being similar to and selectivity, some imprinted material showed, and that the high-affinity of object and selectivity proof are comparable to corresponding immunity is mutually affine, and it is stable and can use in long-time in most of media again.Therefore it earns widespread respect in material selectivity identification field.Occurred in recent years discerning micromolecular many reports with molecular engram material.Wulff for example, G.Angew states among the Chemie.1995 (34) 1812.
The research of tobacco-specific nitrosamine TSNAs starts from early 1960s the earliest.1962, in scientific and technical literature, contain nitrosamine and potential carcinogenesis is arranged in the report tobacco first in the world.At present, the existing at home and abroad a large amount of reports of the carcinogenic mechanism of relevant TSNAs, and in zoopery, be confirmed.Wherein NNN particularly NNK be the strong carcinogen of animal, only 1 μ g NNK is once injected the high incidence that the vole lung can cause lung's cancer knurl.Therefore, forefathers have done big quantity research with regard to how reducing in the flue gas nitrosamine.
Adopt menthol, ascorbic acid, aminoacetic acid, stearic acid, lecithin and benzoic acid, 4-hydroxyl-3-methoxylbenxaldehyde etc. to make the adsorbent of tar as Japan Patent (JP6214772), can reduce the content of flue gas nicotine, CO, BaP and nitrosamine when being used for the fire end of cigarette.This method is the cost height not only, and tool is because it only has suction-operated, so effect is not remarkable.European patent (EP0740907) mixes micro-pore zeolite and gel among the Lc 1, is sprayed on cigarette on the pipe tobacco behind the formation suspension, and the harmful components in combustion process in the catalytic elimination cigarette smoke comprise nitrosamine.But this technology is consumes energy not only, and can cause new environmental pollution.The more important thing is that though several main components in this patent nitrosamine such as nitrosonornicotine (NNN), nitroso anabasine (NAB) equal size descend, the content of dimethylnitrosamine (NDMA) has rising.In patent CN101224042, addressed a kind of molecular engram material preparation and application process that is applied to the cigarette selective harm-reducing, though its effect is good, but the material of described method preparation is block, can't be directly used in the cigarette filter tip, needs to sieve to choose the particle of appropriate particle size through grinding.This is that this process takes time and effort inefficiency on the one hand, thereby can cause the destruction of imprinted sites that effect is descended in the process of lapping on the other hand, causes cost significantly to increase thereby the product utilization rate is very low simultaneously.
Based on the characteristic of molecular engram material, in the demand of tobacco selective harm-reducing field existence, especially aspect the selectivity reduction toxicity TSNA that content is lower again greatly to it.At the shortcoming of method therefor among the patent CN101224042, when can remedying its defective well, the present invention guarantees to fall harmful effect stability even better simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation and interpolation conveniently, be suitable for industrial production requirement, the stock utilization height, cost is low, well molecular engram material of TSNA content and its production and application method in the selectivity reducing cigarette fume.
The present invention realizes by following manner:
Described molecular engram material is prepared from by following method: choose 40-60 order silica gel, reflux its activation with acid, washing is dry; Afterwards with silane coupler with its silanization; In molar ratio: 1:3～15:10～25, difference delivery plate molecule, function monomer, crosslinking agent, with template molecule, function monomer is dissolved in the pore-foaming agent, adds crosslinking agent, initator, silanized silica gel, place reactor to mix above-mentioned substance, charge into nitrogen, vacuum, sealing, 50～70 ℃ of water bath with thermostatic control reactions 12～24 hours, product sieved and gets 40～60 order particles, removed with the template molecule in the product and more than unreacted reactant with the mixed solution of diluted acid or acid and alcohol, further ultrasonic extraction, washing, vacuum drying, promptly; Described template molecule is the organic matter that contains pyridine radicals.
The preferred 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane of described silane coupler.
Described template molecule is preferably 3-pyridinemethanol, niacinamide or 3-acetylpyridine etc.
Described function monomer is one or more in acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 4-vinylpridine and the acrylamide etc.
Described crosslinking agent is glycol methacrylate, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate or divinylbenzene.
Described pore-foaming agent is chloroform, toluene or chloroform and carbinol mixture.
Described initator is azo second butyronitrile or 2,2, azo (2, the 4-methyl pentane nitrile).
Application process of the present invention is applied in the cigarette for the material with invention, as the additive of composite tip stick.Addition is that 10-60mg/ props up cigarette.
The content of described additive in cigarette can reduce the amount of TSNA as required to be regulated, and addition is preferably 20-40mg/ and props up cigarette.
Additive of the present invention is a kind of molecular engram material, and this material has excellent selective absorption performance to TSNA.
Described molecular engram material is added with template molecule in building-up process, polymerization is finished the rear pattern plate molecule and removed by means physics or chemistry, thereby stays stereochemical structure cavity similar with it.This material cavity inner surface contain can with the functional group of template molecule generation bonding action.The selection of described template molecule of the present invention is with structure and object tobacco-specific nitrosamine structural similarity; It is the main functional group pyridine radicals that template molecule contains the object tobacco-specific nitrosamine.
Described bonding action is meant hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force, hydrophobic force, dipolar forces and covalent bond effect etc.
Described functional group refers to carboxylic acid functional, sulfonic acid functional group etc.
The present invention realizes the high selectivity of template molecule is adsorbed by molecular engram material cavity structure and contained functional group, has only molecule stereo structure and contained functional group could be adsorbed on thing of the present invention with the material that molecular engram material mates fully.It has the characteristics of the high-activity high-selectivity that is similar to biology enzyme, has the selectivity advantage that any harm reduction technology is hardly matched in the cigarette industry in the past, and novelty of the present invention is not appeared in the newspapers in association area yet.
Because additive of the present invention is the highly cross-linked polymer of solid granular, is insoluble in triacetyl glycerine, be fit to the preparation composite tip stick; Addition is little and can regulate arbitrarily as required; Selectivity reduces TSNA content and little to the cigarette odor-absorbing influence in the flue gas significantly; Because the operability of this technology is very strong, has very strong realistic meaning.
Patent of the present invention compared to the preparation process of patent CN101224042 also a remarkable advantage be that the preparation of imprinted material is to carry out trace by the silica gel surface.Do like this remarkable benefit be: imprinted sites all is positioned at the silica gel surface, more helps its performance selective harm-reducing effect; Because selected silica gel particle is regular, to handle properly, the silica gel particle degree does not have much changes behind the trace, and need not grinding after the post processing can directly make an addition in the mouth rod.Therefore this method is time saving and energy saving, and the utilization rate of product increases considerably, and can not occur because of grinding the destruction of the imprinted sites that is produced; And influence reduces the effect of TSNA content in the cigarette smoke.In addition, because cheap many of other components of the synthetic relatively imprinted material of silica gel, so cost can significantly reduce comparatively speaking.Therefore the method for the invention is fit to the cigarette additive industrial production requirement more.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has remarkable advantage:
A. this technology significantly selectivity reduce TSNA content in the flue gas.
B. this technology material addition is few, does not change cigarette odor-absorbing substantially, and producing feasibility is big.
C. this technology preparation is simple, easy to operate.
D. the stock utilization height of this technology preparation can significantly reduce cost.
In sum, additive of the present invention preparation and add conveniently is suitable for industrial production requirement, and selectivity reduces TSNA content in the flue gas well, keeps the stable of taste when can reduce the harm to the person of smoking widely.
The specific embodiment
Following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention rather than the present invention are further limited that the present invention can described any mode of summary of the invention implement.
The molecular engram material that adopts the technology of the present invention to produce is used for production of cigarettes selectivity reducing cigarette fume TSNA content significantly, now is exemplified below in conjunction with actual:
Embodiment 1
1. the preparation of additive
(1) activation of silica gel and silanization: with volume fraction is 10% hydrochloric acid reflux 12 hours, is washed till ph=7.0 final vacuum drying for standby with distilled water; Get the 5g activated silica gel and 50ml toluene is put into round-bottomed flask, add 2ml 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the 1ml triethylamine added hot reflux 24 hours, with reacted filtered through silica gel, through methyl alcohol, chloroform washing final vacuum drying.
(2) preparation of the preparation of silica gel surface imprinted polymer (MIPs) and non-molecularly imprinted polymer (NMIPs)
Getting 1mmol 3-pyridinemethanol (template molecule) is dissolved in 10mL methyl alcohol and the 30mL chloroform, add function monomer 4-vinylpridine 4mmol, the 4g silanized silica gel, insert the 3h that vibrates in the constant temperature oscillator, template molecule is fully mixed with function monomer and silica gel, add the initiator A IBN of 15mmol crosslinking agent (EGDMA) and 0.2g again, logical 5min N2 gas, with the reactor sealing, put into constant temperature oscillator, at 50 ℃ of reaction 48h.The preparation of blank polymer (NMIPs) is identical except that not adding the template molecule other.Product is sieved and is got 40-60 order particle, behind apparatus,Soxhlet's extracting (extract be V (methyl alcohol): V (acetate)=9: 1) 48h, uses the acetone rinsing, removes a small amount of tiny polymer fragment.Standby behind 40 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h.
2. the polymer of preparation be need not to grind and directly prop up cigarette and make an addition in the mouth rod with 40mg/, carrying out flue gas with SM400 type smoking machine according to standard flue gas detection method detects, the flue gas testing result shows that this polymer has the effect of TSNA content in the selectivity reducing cigarette fume preferably, the results are shown in following table 2:
Harmful effect falls in table 1
| Tar (mg/ props up) | The range of decrease (%) | CO (mg/ props up) | The range of decrease (%) | TSNA (ng/ props up) | The range of decrease (%) | |
| The contrast cigarette | 14.7 | 12.6 | 50.2 | |||
| The test cigarette | 14.2 | 1.4 | 12.4 | 1.6 | 37.6 | 25.1 |
Embodiment 2
1. the preparation of additive
(1) activation of silica gel and silanization: with volume fraction is 10% hydrochloric acid reflux 12 hours, is washed till ph=7.0 final vacuum drying for standby with distilled water; Get the 10g activated silica gel and 100ml toluene is put into round-bottomed flask, add the 393-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the 1ml pyridine added hot reflux 24 hours, with reacted filtered through silica gel, through methyl alcohol, chloroform washing final vacuum drying.
(2) preparation of the preparation of silica gel surface imprinted polymer (MIPs) and non-molecularly imprinted polymer (NMIPs)
Getting 0.25mmol niacinamide (template molecule) is dissolved in the 60mL chloroform, add function monomer methacrylic acid (MAA) 1.25mmol, the 4g silanized silica gel, insert the 3h that vibrates in the constant temperature oscillator, template molecule is fully mixed with function monomer and silica gel, add the initiator A IBN of 5mmol crosslinking agent GDMA (EDMA) and 0.12g again, logical 5min N2 gas, with the reactor sealing, put into constant temperature oscillator, at 60 ℃ of reaction 48h.Product is sieved and is got 40-60 order particle, behind apparatus,Soxhlet's extracting (extract be V (methyl alcohol): V (acetate)=9: 1) 48h, uses the acetone rinsing, removes a small amount of tiny polymer fragment.Standby behind 40 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h.
2. the polymer of preparation be need not to grind and directly prop up cigarette and make an addition in the mouth rod with 40mg/, carrying out flue gas with SM400 type smoking machine according to standard flue gas detection method detects, the flue gas testing result shows that this polymer has the effect of TSNA content in the selectivity reducing cigarette fume preferably, the results are shown in following table 2:
Harmful effect falls in table 2
| Tar (mg/ props up) | The range of decrease (%) | CO (mg/ props up) | The range of decrease (%) | TSNA (ng/ props up) | The range of decrease (%) | |
| The contrast cigarette | 14.7 | 12.6 | 50.2 | |||
| The test cigarette | 14.1 | 4.1 | 12.2 | 3.2 | 40.6 | 19.1 |
Claims (15)
1. the molecular engram material of TSNA in the selective removal cigarette smoke, it is characterized in that: be prepared from by following manner, choose 40-60 order silica gel, reflux its activation with acid, washing is dry; Afterwards with silane coupler with its silanization; In molar ratio: 1:3～15:10～25, difference delivery plate molecule, function monomer, crosslinking agent, with template molecule, function monomer is dissolved in the pore-foaming agent, adds crosslinking agent, initator, silanized silica gel, place reactor to mix above-mentioned substance, charge into nitrogen, vacuum, sealing, 50～70 ℃ of water bath with thermostatic control reactions 12～24 hours, product sieved and gets 40～60 order particles, removed with the template molecule in the product and more than unreacted reactant with the mixed solution of diluted acid or acid and alcohol, further ultrasonic extraction, washing, vacuum drying, promptly; Described template molecule is the organic matter that contains pyridine radicals.
2. the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described template molecule is 3-pyridinemethanol, niacinamide or 3-acetylpyridine.
3. the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described function monomer is one or more in acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 4-vinylpridine and the acrylamide etc.
4. the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described crosslinking agent is glycol methacrylate, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate, N, N-methylene acrylamide or divinylbenzene.
5. the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pore-foaming agent is chloroform, toluene or chloroform and carbinol mixture.
6. the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described initator is azo second butyronitrile or 2,2, azo (2, the 4-methyl pentane nitrile).
7. the preparation method of the molecular engram material of TSNA in the selective removal cigarette smoke, it is characterized in that: choose 40-60 order silica gel, reflux its activation with acid, washing is dry; Afterwards with silane coupler with its silanization; In molar ratio: 1:3～15:10～25, difference delivery plate molecule, function monomer, crosslinking agent, with template molecule, function monomer is dissolved in the pore-foaming agent, adds crosslinking agent, initator, silanized silica gel, place reactor to mix above-mentioned substance, charge into nitrogen, vacuum, sealing, 50～70 ℃ of water bath with thermostatic control reactions 12～24 hours, product sieved and gets 40～60 order particles, removed with the template molecule in the product and more than unreacted reactant with the mixed solution of diluted acid or acid and alcohol, further ultrasonic extraction, washing, vacuum drying, promptly; Described template molecule is the organic matter that contains pyridine radicals.
8. the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described template molecule is 3-pyridinemethanol, niacinamide or 3-acetylpyridine.
9. the preparation method of the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described function monomer is one or more in acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 4-vinylpridine and the acrylamide etc.
10. the preparation method of the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described crosslinking agent is glycol methacrylate, trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate, N, N-methylene acrylamide or divinylbenzene.
11. the preparation method of the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described pore-foaming agent is chloroform, toluene or chloroform and carbinol mixture.
12. the preparation method of the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described initator is azo second butyronitrile or 2,2, azo (2, the 4-methyl pentane nitrile).
13. the application process of the molecular engram material of TSNA is characterized in that: described molecular engram material is applied in the cigarette, as the additive of composite tip stick in the described a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke of claim 1.
14. the application process of the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 13 is characterized in that: molecular engram material is that 10-60mg/ props up cigarette as the addition of cigarette additives.
15. the application process of the molecular engram material of TSNA in a kind of selective removal cigarette smoke according to claim 13 is characterized in that: molecular engram material is that 20-40mg/ props up cigarette as the content of cigarette additives in cigarette.
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