CN101365644B - Operating direction detecting device for passenger conveyor - Google Patents
Operating direction detecting device for passenger conveyor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101365644B CN101365644B CN2007800019684A CN200780001968A CN101365644B CN 101365644 B CN101365644 B CN 101365644B CN 2007800019684 A CN2007800019684 A CN 2007800019684A CN 200780001968 A CN200780001968 A CN 200780001968A CN 101365644 B CN101365644 B CN 101365644B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- spinner
- swivel
- rotation
- detection lug
- center
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B25/00—Control of escalators or moving walkways
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- Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
- Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
Abstract
A device for detecting operation direction of a passenger conveyor. The center (p) of a rotating body (81) of an operation direction detection device (8) and the center (P) of rotation of an output shaft (rotating shaft)(4a) connected to a rotating machine (4) are separated (delta P) from each other. This causes the rotating body (81) to eccentrically rotate and a detection piece (821) oscillates in the direction corresponding to the direction of the rotation. The oscillation enables detection of the rotation direction of the rotating machine (4). An end of the detection piece (821) faces and slides on the circular outer peripheral surface of the rotating body (81). Because the outer peripheral surface has no irregularity and the end of the detection piece (821) smoothly slides along the surface while keeping in intimate contact with the surface, noise is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement of the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors.
Background technology
In the passenger conveyors such as escalator, more occasion adopt can positive and negative rotation spinners such as electrical motor as actuating device.In this passenger conveyors, carry out from upwards running to downward operation or from running down to the upwards switching of operation according to time period and passenger's flow direction situation, thereby obtain the high efficiency of passenger conveyors utilization.
Therefore, because of some thing, if passenger conveyors begins to the direction operation opposite with the service direction of service direction of setting or indication, this is inappropriate.In addition, also may influence passenger's safety sometimes.
Therefore, in passenger conveyors, be to have loaded onto operating direction detecting device on the output shaft at the S. A. of spinner.
The switch that the swivel that operating direction detecting device in the past comprises the round shape that is rotated in linkage with the rotation of spinner and an end face that makes rotating detection lug contact with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative.
And, utilize and to rotate and the direction of bevelled contact disk is carried out the detection of service direction because of the different phenomenon of rotating and reverse of spinner.If detect the occasion that spinner rotates in the opposite direction to the side with setting from switch, just control at once makes safety device action, (with reference to patent documentation 1) out of service by cutting off the electricity supply.
Fig. 1 is the lateral plan that is provided with the escalator of operating direction detecting device in the past.
That is, be connected with upstairs in the both sides of pedal 1 and the pedal chain 2 of the ring-type of extending downstairs.This pedal chain 2 is wound on portion upstairs and downstairs on the pedal sprocket 31,32 of portion, plays the effect that pedal 1 circulation is moved.
The actuating device of side is that spinner 4 drives to pedal sprocket 31,32 by being configured in upstairs.With spinner 4 output shaft 4a bonded assemblys drive minor sprocket 5 and upstairs the driving hinge wheel 6 usefulness chain drive-belts 7 with pedal sprocket 31 links of portion be connected.The output shaft 4a of spinner 4 slows down by reductor and rotates.
The reverse turn operation of the spinner 4 by can positive and negative rotation, pedal 1 switches to round about and advances.
Fig. 2 is the main portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is the amplification right elevation of Fig. 1.Fig. 4 be among Fig. 3 A-A to cutaway view.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the operating direction detecting device 8 that is contained on the output shaft 4a of spinner 4 rotates in linkage with the rotation of spinner 4.Operating direction detecting device 8 is coaxial with the centre of gration P of spinner 4.Operating direction detecting device 8 has: peripheral shape has the tubular swivel 81 of the recess 81a of side outward for circular, part; And switch 82.Switch 82 has the detection lug 821 that slides and can rotate to the arrow directions X with respect to swivel 81 outer peripheral faces as shown in Figure 4.
That is, the detection lug 821 of switch 82 is to be that middle mind-set arrow directions X rotates freely to be located at turning cylinder 821a on the length direction central portion as shown in Figure 4.The upper end of detection lug 821 1 ends has and swivel 81 outer peripheral face butts and the roller 821b that rotates along with the rotation of swivel 81.
Therefore, be under the state of diagram below at the recess 81a of swivel 81, the top ends of detection lug 821 (being roller 821b) just in time embeds this recess 81a, and the posture of detection lug 821 (length direction) is vertical at above-below direction.
Therefore when either direction was rotated, detection lug 821 was stuck in the recess 81a and rotates swivel 81 from this state, by to the hand of rotation guiding of swivel 81 and tilt.So detection lug 821 and the hand of rotation of swivel 81 are that the hand of rotation of spinner 4 is corresponding and oblique to a certain square neck of right-hand or left, and continue this state (posture) later on.
As shown in the figure, the position, the left and right sides in detection lug 821 bottoms disposes double- type limit switch 823a, 823b on pedestal 822.Owing to operate by bevelled detection lug 821, so cooresponding limit switch 823a, 823b move according to the hand of rotation of swivel 81.
That is to say that as shown in Figure 4, swivel 81 (being spinner 4) is if to diagram arrow R direction (to anticlockwise direction) rotation, then detection lug 821 rotates to the direction that makes limit switch 823a action.Therefore, according to from the signal output of limit switch 823a as can be known spinner 4 to the rotation of diagram R direction.
On the contrary, spinner 4 is as if opposite sense (clockwise direction) rotation to arrow R, and then detection lug 821 makes limit switch 823b action on the contrary.Therefore, according to from the signal output of limit switch 823b as can be known spinner 4 to right-hand revolution.
The contact disk 821 that top ends contacts with swivel 81 slide relative is subjected to the application of force of not shown force application apparatus such as weak spring member, makes its length direction become vertical all the time.
In said structure, carrying passenger's pedal 1 moves because of the circulation of pedal chain 2 and carries out lifting moving.For example, when escalator rises operation according to the rotation of arrow R direction shown in Figure 4, if though operating instruction is the operation of rising, but the on-off signal from limit switch 823b has been supplied with in output, then can detect the operation beginning according to this output signal and carry out to the different direction of the service direction of and instruction.Therefore,, be controlled to safety device and move, operation is stopped at once for safety.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication hei 3-279183 communique
As mentioned above, the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors in the past, switch 82 have rotating detection lug 821.The top ends 821b of this detection lug 821 is ended by the swivel 81 recess 81a cards that rotate and rotates, and carries out and the cooresponding change action of hand of rotation.
Because swivel 81 constitutes one with the output shaft 4a that passes through reductor, so rotate more slowly.But, continue bevelled detection lug 821 top ends and fall into the recess 81a that whenever revolving of swivel 81 turn around and turn over and send impulsive sound in this obliquity.Therefore, noise takes place because of the impulsive sound that the top ends of detection lug 821 falls in the recess 81a in the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors in the past, so wish to improve.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of operating direction detecting device that alleviates the passenger conveyors of noise generation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention's the 1st technical scheme is, the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, move and this spinner can drive a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, the operating direction detecting device of this passenger conveyors has: swivel, and the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, have the center that the S. A. with spinner departs from, and the peripheral shape of the direction of described swivel and described rotating shaft direct cross is circular; And switch, its rotating detection lug one end face contacts with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative, during the rotation of described swivel, because the center of swivel and departing from of described S. A., the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
The 2nd technical scheme of the present invention is, the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, and can driving a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, moves this spinner, the operating direction detecting device of this passenger conveyors has: swivel, the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, with the peripheral shape of the direction of spinner rotating shaft direct cross be to be the ellipse at center with described S. A.; And switch, its rotating detection lug one end contacts with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative, when described swivel rotates, because the center of swivel is to the change in radius of swivel periphery, the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
The 3rd technical scheme of the present invention is, the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, and can driving a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, moves this spinner, the operating direction detecting device of this passenger conveyors has: swivel, the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, is to be shape after a part of linearity on the circumference at center cuts with described S. A. with the peripheral shape of the direction of spinner rotating shaft direct cross; And switch, its rotating detection lug one end contacts with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative, when described swivel rotates, because the center of swivel is to the change in radius of swivel periphery, the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
The 4th technical scheme of the present invention is, the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, and can driving a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, moves this spinner, the operating direction detecting device of this passenger conveyors has: swivel, the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, with the peripheral shape of the direction of spinner rotating shaft direct cross be to be the polygon at center with described S. A.; And switch, its rotating detection lug one end contacts with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative, when described swivel rotates, because the center of swivel is to the change in radius of swivel periphery, the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
The operating direction detecting device of the passenger conveyors of the 1st technical scheme of the present invention, owing to depart between the centre of gration of the centre of gration of swivel and S. A., swivel carries out the off-centre rotation.
The detection lug of the swivel outer peripheral face slide relative of one end and the rotation of this off-centre, tilt accordingly with the rotation of swivel, the hand of rotation of its direction of tilt and swivel changes accordingly, and the hand of rotation that therefore can detect spinner is the service direction of passenger conveyors.
In the present invention, an end of detection lug is connected airtight and is carried out slide relative smoothly along the circular circumference face of the no concave-convex of swivel, therefore can avoid such in the past noise to take place.
The operating direction detecting device of the passenger conveyors of the 2nd to the 4th technical scheme of the present invention, with the rotating shaft coaxle shape the shape of the swivel that is rotated form ellipse or form the shape after a part of linearity on the circumference cut or form polygon, therefore, identical with the 1st invention, on one side carry out level and smooth slip to connecting airtight with outer peripheral face on one side with the cooresponding direction bevelled of swivel hand of rotation detection lug one end, its result can avoid noise to take place.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the integral structure figure that has carried the escalator of rotation direction detecting devices in the past.
Fig. 2 is illustrated in the amplification view that the part of rotation direction detecting devices is housed in the escalator shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is that the main portion of Fig. 2 is amplified right elevation.
Fig. 4 be among Fig. 3 A-A to cutaway view.
Fig. 5 (a) is the constructional drawing of rotation direction detecting devices one embodiment of expression passenger conveyors of the present invention, and Fig. 5 (b) is that B-B among Fig. 5 (a) is to cutaway view.
Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are action specification figure of Fig. 5 (a) and (b) shown device.
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view that presentation graphs 5 (a) and (b) shown devices have been installed state behind other swivel.
Fig. 8 is the cutaway view that presentation graphs 5 (a) and (b) shown devices have been installed state behind another swivel.
Fig. 9 is the cutaway view that presentation graphs 5 (a) and (b) shown devices have been installed state behind the another swivel.
The specific embodiment
Below, describe an embodiment of the operating direction detecting device of passenger conveyors of the present invention in detail.For with the operating direction detecting device identical structure of Fig. 1 to passenger conveyors in the past shown in Figure 4, put on identical symbol and detailed, main explanation and in the past installed different parts.
That is, Fig. 5 (a) is the amplification right elevation with the cooresponding main portion of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 (b) is that B-B among Fig. 5 (a) is to cutaway view.
Shown in Fig. 5 (a) and (b), the operating direction detecting device 8 of present embodiment is identical with conventional art, and the output shaft 4a that is contained in the spinner 4 by reductor is on the S. A..Operating direction detecting device 8 comprises: the barrel-contoured swivel 81 that rotates in linkage with the rotation of spinner 4; And a top ends of detection lug 821 contacts with these swivel 81 outer peripheral face slide relative and the switch 82 that constitutes.
Shown in Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b), in direction peripheral shape is installed and is circular swivel 81 with the axial quadrature of spinner 4 output shaft 4a.Swivel 81 is mounted to the center P deviation distance Δ P of the output shaft 4a of its center p and spinner 4.The peripheral part of the swivel 81 that contacts with detection lug 821 is synthetic resin member 81b, and deburring.
Therefore, the detection lug 821 of switch 82 is that middle mind-set arrow directions X rotates or swings freely with turning cylinder 821a shown in Fig. 5 (b).And, with p position, swivel 81 center behind the centre of gration P deviation distance Δ P of spinner 4 be positioned at centre of gration P directly over when (diagram top), the length direction of the posture of detection lug 821 becomes vertical.At this moment, the top ends of detection lug 821 (being roller 821b) is configured to the outer peripheral face butt with swivel 81.Top ends is identical with conventional art with the detection lug 821 of swivel 81 moving contacts, and its length direction receives the application of force of not shown force application apparatus with being always vertical.
Fig. 6 is the action specification figure of operating direction detecting device 8, if swivel 81 (being spinner 4) rotates to diagram arrow R direction (anticlockwise direction) from the state shown in Fig. 6 (a), then shown in Fig. 6 (b), detection lug 821 rotates, and makes limit switch 823a move (connection).
In addition, if after swivel 81 to diagram arrow R direction (anticlockwise direction) rotation, then turned back to the location status shown in Fig. 6 (a), the action of the detection lug 821 of limit switch 823a just stopped (disconnection).
Therefore, in the spinning movement of diagram arrow R direction (anticlockwise direction), limit switch 823a carries out the on-off action repeatedly because of the swing of detection lug 821, and sends this repeated signal at swivel 81.Therefore, at the signal receiver side that receives from the signal of limit switch 823a, can detect spinner 4 and rotate to anticlockwise direction (arrow R direction).
In addition, swivel 81 to diagram arrow R side in the opposite direction in the spinning movement of (clockwise direction), detection lug 821 swing on the contrary, moves so that another limit switch 823b carries out on-off repeatedly, and sends this repeated signal.Therefore, at the signal receiver side that receives from the signal of limit switch 823b, can detect spinner 4 to right-hand revolution.
Promptly, if spinner 4 moves, carry out the rising operation of escalator to arrow R direction rotation shown in Figure 6, then the bottom of detection lug 821 carry out repeatedly an a left side → central authorities → left side → central authorities → left side → ... swing, and make limit switch 823a do on-off action.Therefore, if constitute limit switch 823a, then close → open → close → open → close with a contact ... signal repeatedly transmit.
In addition, if escalator moves counter-rotating from the operation of rising to descending, then by opposite with arrow R direction shown in Figure 6 around clockwise rotation, the right side → central authorities → right side → central authorities → right side is just carried out repeatedly in the bottom of detection lug 821 ... swing make limit switch 823b do on-off action.Therefore, if constitute limit switch 823b, then open → close → open → close → open with the b contact ... signal repeatedly transmit.
So, connect airtight and slide relative smoothly along the toroidal outer peripheral face of the no concave-convex of swivel 81 end of detection lug 821, and limit switch 823a, 823b are operated.Therefore, can avoid such in the past noise to take place.
According to said structure, if operating instruction is the operation of rising, then should transmit the output on-off signal of supply from limit switch 823a, if but transmitted the output on-off signal supplied with from limit switch 823b, the direction that then can detect the service direction that the operation beginning instructs to being different from would be carried out.Therefore,, be controlled to safety device and move, operation is stopped at once for safety.
In the embodiment of above-mentioned explanation, the hand of rotation of the swaying direction of detection lug 821 and swivel 81 (spinner 4) changes accordingly.Therefore, justifying the center p of swivel 81 of shape and center P that S. A. is output shaft 4a is mounted to and departs from Δ P.But even under the center of the swivel 81 p state consistent with the center P of output shaft 4a, the swaying direction of detection lug 821 also changes exportable switching signal accordingly with the hand of rotation of swivel 81 (spinner 4).
That is, Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 is and the cutaway view of the corresponding expression of Fig. 5 (b) that Fig. 7 represents swivel 81 is done ovalisation and made the state after the installation under its center p state consistent with the center P of output shaft 4a.
In addition, Fig. 8 represents that swivel 81 makes the occasion of the shape after a part of linearity on the circumference cut, and Fig. 8 represents to make polygonal occasion.In any occasion, all be under the state that the center p of swivel 81 is consistent with the center P of output shaft 4a, to install.
So, to the shape of swivel 81 shown in Figure 9, arbitrary occasion all is that the center p of swivel 81 is consistent with the center P of output shaft 4a at Fig. 7.Under arbitrary occasion, one end of rotating detection lug 821 all with swivel 81 outer peripheral face slide relative contact and corresponding with the cyclical variation of the difference of radius from center p (P) to swivel 81 peripheries, carry out and the corresponding level and smooth swing of swivel 81 hand of rotation.But arbitrary occasion is transport direction and the cooresponding switch output signal of spinner 4 hand of rotation all.
In the above description, illustrated that contact portion swivel 81 and detection lug 821 constitutes with synthetic resin member 81b and the formation of deburring.In addition, forms by the synthetic resin member too, can further alleviate the noise generation with the roller 821b of detection lug 821 top ends of this synthetic resin member 81b slide relative and rotation.
Practicality on the industry
The operating direction detecting device of the passenger conveyors of the 1st invention, owing to depart between the pivot of the pivot of rotary body and rotating shaft, so rotary body carries out eccentric rotary. The detection lug of the rotary body outer peripheral face relative sliding of one end and this eccentric rotary, tilt accordingly with the rotation of rotary body, because the direction of rotation of its incline direction and rotary body changes accordingly, therefore, the direction of rotation that can detect circulator is the traffic direction of passenger conveyors.
In the present invention, connect airtight and relative sliding smoothly along the circular circumference face of the no concave-convex of rotary body an end of detection lug, therefore can avoid in the past such noise to take place.
Claims (5)
1. the operating direction detecting device of a passenger conveyors, it is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, moves and this spinner can drive a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, it is characterized in that having:
Swivel, the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, have the center that the S. A. with spinner departs from, and the peripheral shape of the direction of described swivel and described rotating shaft direct cross is circular; And
Switch, its rotating detection lug one end face contacts with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative, during the rotation of described swivel, because the center of swivel and departing from of described S. A., the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
2. the operating direction detecting device of a passenger conveyors, it is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, moves and this spinner can drive a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, it is characterized in that having:
Swivel, the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, with the peripheral shape of the direction of the rotating shaft direct cross of spinner be to be the ellipse at center with described S. A.; And
Switch, its rotating detection lug one end contacts with the outer peripheral face slide relative of this swivel, when described swivel rotates, because the center of swivel is to the change in radius of swivel periphery, the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
3. the operating direction detecting device of a passenger conveyors, it is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, moves and this spinner can drive a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, it is characterized in that having:
Swivel, the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, is to be shape after a part of linearity on the circumference at center cuts with described S. A. with the peripheral shape of the direction of spinner rotating shaft direct cross; And
Switch, its rotating detection lug one end contacts with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative, during the rotation of described swivel, because the center of swivel is to the change in radius of swivel periphery, the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
4. the operating direction detecting device of a passenger conveyors, it is connected with spinner, can detect the hand of rotation of this spinner, moves and this spinner can drive a plurality of ring-type pedal cycle, it is characterized in that having:
Swivel, the rotation of itself and described spinner is rotated in linkage, with the peripheral shape of the direction of spinner rotating shaft direct cross be to be the polygon at center with described S. A.; And
Switch, its rotating detection lug one end contacts with this swivel outer peripheral face slide relative, during the rotation of described swivel, because the center of swivel is to the change in radius of swivel periphery, the switching of described detection lug and the described spinner hand of rotation direction change action that rotates accordingly.
5. as the operating direction detecting device of each described passenger conveyors in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described swivel constitute by the synthetic resin member with contact portion described detection lug.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006002527A JP4986455B2 (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2006-01-10 | Driving direction detection device for passenger conveyor |
| JP002527/2006 | 2006-01-10 | ||
| PCT/JP2007/050166 WO2007080890A1 (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2007-01-10 | Device for detecting operation direction of passenger conveyor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101365644A CN101365644A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| CN101365644B true CN101365644B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
Family
ID=38256295
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007800019684A Expired - Fee Related CN101365644B (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2007-01-10 | Operating direction detecting device for passenger conveyor |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4986455B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101365644B (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1127329A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007080890A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103407870B (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-04-22 | 苏州新达电扶梯部件有限公司 | Handheld belt moving direction detection device |
| CN104340835B (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 上海三菱电梯有限公司 | The safety detection device of passenger conveying equipment and its implementation |
| CN104528507B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-11-02 | 广东省特种设备检测研究院珠海检测院 | Escalator method for comprehensive detection |
| EP3569559B1 (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2021-03-24 | Otis Elevator Company | People coonveyor with a belt safety device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6188978U (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1986-06-10 | ||
| JP2695962B2 (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1998-01-14 | 株式会社東芝 | Escalator drive |
-
2006
- 2006-01-10 JP JP2006002527A patent/JP4986455B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-10 CN CN2007800019684A patent/CN101365644B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-10 WO PCT/JP2007/050166 patent/WO2007080890A1/en active Application Filing
-
2009
- 2009-07-14 HK HK09106304.9A patent/HK1127329A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4986455B2 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| WO2007080890A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| HK1127329A1 (en) | 2009-09-25 |
| JP2007182315A (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| CN101365644A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
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