CN101364672B - Wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array - Google Patents
Wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN101364672B CN101364672B CN2008101966964A CN200810196696A CN101364672B CN 101364672 B CN101364672 B CN 101364672B CN 2008101966964 A CN2008101966964 A CN 2008101966964A CN 200810196696 A CN200810196696 A CN 200810196696A CN 101364672 B CN101364672 B CN 101364672B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a broadband double-line polarization dipole antenna array used for receiving and transmitting a radio wave, which comprises at least two double-polarization dipole radiation elements, a conductor reflector plate and a feed system. The double-polarization dipole radiation element comprises two T-shaped dipole antenna units, one dipole antenna unit is vertically arranged in the middle of the other dipole antenna unit, and the polarization directions of antenna units are respectively parallel to two polarized states of the antenna array; the center distance between the two T-shaped dipole antenna units, one of which is vertically arranged in the middle of the other dipole antenna unit, is half the distance between radiation elements in the corresponding direction; the double-polarization dipole radiation element is the sequential arrangement array of a rectangular grid or the inverted sequence array of a triangle grid. The invention realizes a broadband double-line polarization antenna array which has the advantages of high isolation, low cross polarization, simple structure, and flexible and convenient feed, and at the same time has the engineering potential of realizing wide angle scan double-line polarization array.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to receive, the broadband two-wire poliarizing antenna of emitting radio wave, specifically be a kind of broadband two-wire poliarizing antenna battle array.
Background technology
Concerning the High Resolution SAR polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system; For obtaining the detailed information of imageable target different material characteristic; Except that requiring antenna to have the big work broadband; Also require SAR to have multipolarization (HH, VV, HV, VH) mode of operation, this just requires antenna to possess broadband two-wire polarization ability to work.Aspect civilian, GCS Ground Communication System is the polarization diversity technique that the anti-multipath decline is adopted, and also promotes the development of two-wire poliarizing antenna technology.Therefore broadband two-wire poliarizing antenna technology in the range of application in dual-use field more and more widely.
Simultaneously, in some concrete application, also have such as the specific (special) requirements of aspects such as secondary lobe, isolation, weight and scan angle.For example:, require antenna element to have the potentiality of wide angle coupling for the large-angle scanning planar array antenna; For polarization synthetic aperture class field, usually the antenna of requirement design possesses the characteristic of aspects such as Low Sidelobe, low-cross polarization and high-isolation.
Common two-wire polarization array antenna mainly contains following three kinds of forms: first two-wire polarization crack radiating guide, and it two is two-wire polarization micro-strip patch antennas, it three is two-wire polarized dipole and electrical sub antennas.For two-wire polarization crack radiating guide, its advantage is that efficient is higher, and to be bandwidth reduce with the increase of unit its shortcoming; The maximum bandwidth of at present known unit 8 linear array is 15% (Wang Wei, Li Lei, Zhang Zhihui only; The research of satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar two-wire poliarizing antenna battle array, remote sensing technology and Application V ol.22 (2), 2007.4; There are the intrinsic periodicity width of cloth, phase error problem when pp:166-172.), organizing battle array on a large scale simultaneously.For its advantage of two-wire polarization micro-strip patch antenna is that section is low, in light weight; Shortcoming is that the conventionally form bandwidth is narrower; And The Wide-Band Design needs comparatively complicated feed structure (Robert F.Thomasand John Huang, Ultra-Wideband UHF Microstrip Array for GeoSARApplication, APS.1998 usually; Pp:2096-2099), be difficult to realize large-angle scanning simultaneously.For dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array; Because it can make full use of the aspect advantages such as low-cross polarization, large-angle scanning, broadband even ultra broadband that dipole antenna unit has, two-wire poliarizing antenna technical field has obtained to use comparatively widely so it is in the broadband.
Present known dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array; Its implementation mainly contains following two kinds: a kind of is that fundamental radiation unit forms (JosephR.Ippolito by the mutually orthogonal arrangement of double dipole antenna element; Henry.Villegas; Johns.Wilson; Base Station Antenna forDual Polarization.US6072439.Jun.2000.), another kind is that fundamental radiation unit is latticed arrangement by four dipole antenna units and forms (Martin L.Zimmerman.Dual-PolarizedRadiating Element With High Isolation Between Polariza-tion Channels.US6529172.Mar.2003.).For the mutually orthogonal arrangement mode of the former antenna element, the version of unit will receive strict restriction, and a lot of doublet unit forms can't be applied.For the latter, because each radiation element all is made up of four dipole antenna units,, require each unit balanced feeding for realizing high the isolation, this causes the design of feeding network complicated with comparatively.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array.It has high isolation, low-cross polarization, simple in structure and advantage that feed is flexible, possesses the engineering potentiality that realize large-angle scanning two-wire polarization battle array simultaneously.
Concrete design is following:
Wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array comprises two above dual polarization dipole radiation units, conductor reflecting plate and feed systems;
Said dual polarization dipole radiation unit comprises that two are the dipole antenna units that hang down and be provided with in " T " shape each other, and the polarised direction of antenna element parallels with two kinds of polarized states of antenna array respectively; In the dual polarization dipole radiation unit two to be in " T " shape the centre-to-centre spacing of hanging down between the dipole antenna unit that is provided with each other be the half the of respective direction radiation element spacing;
Said dual polarization dipole radiation unit is the sequence arrangement group battle array of rectangular grid (arrangement mode that is dipole antenna unit in each dual polarization dipole radiation unit is identical), or is the backward group battle array of triangular lattice (dipole antenna unit in the corresponding dual polarization dipole radiation unit of adjacent lines or row be about or exchange arrangement up and down).If adopt the sequence arrangement mode of rectangular grid, will there be certain skew in the phase center of two kinds of polarization of antenna array, and this side-play amount will equal the center distance of radiation element two antenna elements.If adopt the backward arrangement mode of triangular lattice, then there is not the offset problem of phase center.Spacing between each radiation element can adopt the method for designing of conventional arrays antenna to confirm.
Said dipole antenna unit is half-wave dipole class antenna or gradual change slot antenna or rabbit ear (Bunny Ear) antenna or Wei Erdi (Vivaldi) antenna etc.
For dipole antenna unit is little band half-wave dipole class antenna, is convenient feed to little band half-wave dipole class antenna element, is respectively equipped with each other the installation elongated slot that is the arrangement of hanging down in " T " shape with the first corresponding section of dual polarization dipole radiation on the conductor reflecting plate; Little band half-wave dipole class antenna element that being each other hangs down in " T " shape is provided with is fixed on the conductor reflecting plate through elongated slot is installed;
Pass each little band half-wave dipole class antenna element and be provided with conductor wire, conductor wire will be installed elongated slot and be divided into segment segmentation short circuit, and every segment is installed elongated slot length less than λ
H/ 3; λ
HBe the high-end free space wavelength of operating frequency.
These install elongated slots will be by the radiation field secondary excitation of dipole antenna, thereby worsens the impedance operator and the pattern characteristics of antenna.For suppressing this radiation with these install elongated slot with some conductor wire short circuits of passing little band half-wave dipole class antenna element on the conductor reflecting plate, be about to install elongated slot and be divided into some segments, every segment elongated slot length is less than λ
H/ 3 (λ
HBe the high-end free space wavelength of operating frequency).
For dipole antenna unit is little band Wei Erdi (Vivaldi) antenna, is little band Wei Erdi (Vivaldi) antenna element that is provided with that hangs down in " T " shape each other and directly is fixed on the conductor reflecting plate through L shaped structural member.
The feed system that each radiation element is encouraged can be selected design according to the working system of antenna, can be passive feed power division network, also the active feed system of sending and receiving.
The present invention compared with prior art has following conspicuous outstanding substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage:
1, each two-wire polarized radiation unit is arranged by the vertical dipole subclass antenna element of arranging of a centering and forms; When the antenna unit adopts this kind mode to work; The energy that on another kind polarization oscillator, is coupled owing to every kind of polarization oscillator offsets each other; The structurally mutually noninterfere of the antenna element of two kinds of polarization; Thereby guarantee that two kinds of couplings between the antenna element are very little, also less to the influence of each self-radiation impedance, can obtain good polarization isolation performance simultaneously; Make the group battle array mode of this two-wire poliarizing antenna have better unit applicability, known dipole subclass antenna element (comprising half-wave dipole class antenna, gradual change slot antenna, rabbit ear (Bunny Ear) antenna, Wei Erdi (Vivaldi) antenna etc.) all can be used for the design of this kind two-wire polarization array antenna at present.
2, in two linear polarized antenna unit in the two-wire polarized radiation unit are mutual, hang down when arranging; The energy that every kind of polarization oscillator is coupled on another kind polarization oscillator offsets each other; Guaranteed between two kinds of antenna elements intercouple very little; Influence to each self-radiation impedance is also less, therefore can obtain good cross-polarization performance and port isolation performance.
3,, when the antenna unit adopts broadband, ultra broadband dipole subclass antenna, can guarantee that this two-wire poliarizing antenna can realize the service behaviour of broadband even ultra broadband in view of advantage 1;
4,, when the employing of antenna unit can realize the dipole subclass antenna of large-angle scanning, can guarantee that this two-wire poliarizing antenna possesses the ability of large-angle scanning in view of advantage 1;
5, this kind two-wire poliarizing antenna implementation, telecommunication and structural design are all comparatively simple, are convenient to realize the high-performance two-wire poliarizing antenna system of antenna element and feed system integrated design.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, the sequence arrangement mode of said dual polarized antenna rectangular grid;
Fig. 2 is the backward arrangement group battle array sketch map of triangular lattice for dual polarization dipole radiation of the present invention unit;
Fig. 3 installs the parasitic couplings inhibition method sketch map of elongated slot to little band half-wave dipole class antenna element on the conductor reflecting plate for the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the two-wire polarization micro-strip antenna dipole array structural representation of L-band a 3 * unit 8 of the present invention,
Fig. 5 is the voltage standing wave ratio resolution chart of the horizontal polarization line source of Fig. 4 structural antenna battle array of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the voltage standing wave ratio resolution chart of the perpendicular polarization line source of Fig. 4 structural antenna battle array of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the dual polarization port isolation performance test figure of Fig. 4 structural antenna battle array of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the intermediate frequency measurement direction figure under the perpendicular polarization state of Fig. 4 structural antenna battle array of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the intermediate frequency measurement direction figure under the horizontal polarization state of Fig. 4 structural antenna battle array of the present invention;
The structural representation of the ultra-wideband antenna battle array of the two-wire polarization of pattern-band Unit 4 * 6 of Figure 10 the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explain.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Each radiation element 1 among the figure; By Vertically Polarized Dipole antenna element 3 and horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit 4; Arrange by the mode of hanging down in as shown in the figure being " T " shape and to form, and the centre-to-centre spacing of polarization dipole antenna unit is the half the of respective direction radiation element spacing, i.e. of ≈ dx/2 in each radiation element.According to the position of two kinds of polarisation unit under each radiation element in battle array relation, can both can adopt the sequence arrangement mode (promptly gust in all radiation elements the arrangement mode of antenna element identical) of rectangular grid between each radiation element, like Fig. 1; Also can adopt the backward arrangement mode (about promptly the antenna element in the adjacent lines, row radiation element is in the battle array or exchange up and down arrangements) of triangular lattice, like radiation element among Fig. 21 and another radiation element 2.If adopt the sequence arrangement mode, will there be certain skew in the phase center of two kinds of polarization of antenna array, and this side-play amount will equal the center distance of radiation element two antenna elements.If adopt the backward mode, then there is not the offset problem of phase center.Spacing dx between each radiation element and dy adopt the method for designing that is total to the conventional arrays antenna of knowing in the industry to confirm.
As shown in Figure 3; Wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array comprises four dual polarization dipole radiation units, conductor reflecting plate 7 and feed systems; When the Vertically Polarized Dipole antenna element in the dual polarization dipole radiation unit 3 adopts certain to be with half-wave dipole class antenna slightly with horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit 4; Be convenient feed, will open some with Vertically Polarized Dipole antenna element 3 and horizontal polarization dipole antenna unit 4 corresponding positions on the conductor reflecting plate 7 and be the vertical installation elongated slot 5 and level installation elongated slot 6 that hangs down in " T " shape and arrange each other oscillator.These install elongated slot will be by the radiation field secondary excitation of dipole antenna; Particularly the sub-level of 3 pairs of adjacent level polarized dipole and electrical of Vertically Polarized Dipole antenna element is installed the coupling excitation of elongated slot 6; Because these length that elongated slot is installed are suitable with the width of dipole antenna unit usually; Therefore will be at the working band interior resonance, thus the port standing wave of the vertical polarized antenna that deteriorates significantly and far field lobe performance.For suppressing this coupling excitation, the present invention adopts some conductor wires that pass micro-strip oscillator 8 with elongated slot segmentation short circuit, is about to install elongated slot and is divided into some segments, and the number of conductor wire 8 will guarantee that every segment installation elongated slot length d is less than λ
H/ 3 (λ
HBe the high-end free space wavelength of operating frequency).
Embodiment 2:
The two-wire polarization micro-strip antenna dipole array of L-band a 3 * unit 8, structure diagram such as Fig. 4.This antenna array is made up of 24 radiation elements 1, a conductor reflecting plate 7 and three dual polarization row feedback networks 9.Each radiation element is pressed the rectangular grid sequence arrangement, and wherein row is to containing 8 radiation elements, and row are to containing 3 radiation elements, and dx=0.62 λ
0, dy=0.65 λ
0And each radiation element is each other to hang down in " T " shape to arranging by the micro-strip dipole antenna 4 of the micro-strip dipole antenna 3 of 1 perpendicular polarization and 1 horizontal polarization and forms that (used antenna element is a kind of antenna element that this area is total to knowledge among the figure; And visible list of references: Brian Edward and Daniel Rees; A Broadband Printed Dipolewith Integrated BALUN.MJ; 1987,30 (5), PP339-344.).For making things convenient for being connected of each antenna element and row feedback network, conductor reflecting plate 7 with the corresponding position of antenna element on will have some and be the vertical installation elongated slot 5 that hangs down in " T " shape each other and elongated slot 6 is installed with level.Be to suppress dipole antenna these are installed the coupling excitation of elongated slots, present embodiment is installed elongated slot to each and with two conductor wires 8 that pass micro-strip dipole antenna elongated slot will be installed and evenly be divided into 3 segments, with the length of guaranteeing every segment elongated slot less than λ
H/ 3 (λ
HBe the high-end free space wavelength of operating frequency).
Fig. 5-6 has provided the port standing wave measured curve of two kinds of polarization of these embodiment 2 antennas line source, shows that this antenna is superior to 1.5 at the working band inner port standing wave of 1.2-1.4GHz (relative bandwidth about 15%).
Fig. 7 provides the test result of these embodiment 2 antenna dual polarization interport isolations, shows that this antenna dual polarization interport isolation in whole working band is superior to 39dB, has good port isolation performance.
Test result for embodiment 2 array antenna far-field patterns shows that the total space cross polarization of this antenna in whole working band is superior to-25dB.The intermediate frequency that Fig. 8-9 has provided antenna according to the invention is capable of exemplary lobe.
Embodiment 3:
The ultra-wideband antenna battle array of the two-wire polarization of pattern-band Unit 4 * 6; Like Figure 10, antenna element adopts little band Wei Erdi (Vivaldi) antenna element (list of references: R.Janaswamy and D.H.Schaubert, Analysis of the tapered slot antenna; IEEE TAP.; Vol.35, pp.1058, Sept.1987.).For realizing the consistency of two kinds of polarized state phase centers, each antenna element adopts unit cell arrangement mode as shown in Figure 2.Each antenna element utilizes a L shaped structural member 10 directly to be fixed on the conductor reflecting plate 7, and carries out feed by N shape connector 11.Get dx=0.5 λ
0, dy=0.5 λ
0Adopt confessed in the industry HFSS11.0 (by the high-frequency structure simulation software of Ansoft company research and development) to carry out emulation to this antenna array; The result shows that this antenna is in an octave; Band standing internal wave ratio is superior to 1.6, and cross polarization is superior to-25dB, and interport isolation is superior to 28dB.
Antenna of the present invention comprises the double polarization radiating element that can produce two quadrature linear polarizations; Also comprise the method that the parasitic radiation of opening the installation elongated slot on the conductor reflecting plate is suppressed, thereby the simple engineering implementation method of three kinds of high performance two-wire poliarizing antenna battle arrays is provided.Although the present invention is described with reference to a preferred embodiment scheme at this, those skilled in the art will recognize that under not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention situation of illustrating in the appended claims, can much change it.
Claims (1)
1. wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array comprises two above dual polarization dipole radiation units, conductor reflecting plate and feed systems, it is characterized in that:
Said dual polarization dipole radiation unit comprises that two are the dipole antenna units that hang down and be provided with in " T " shape each other, and the polarised direction of antenna element parallels with two kinds of polarized states of antenna array respectively; In the dual polarization dipole radiation unit two to be in " T " shape the centre-to-centre spacing of hanging down between the dipole antenna unit that is provided with each other be the half the of respective direction radiation element spacing;
Said dual polarization dipole radiation unit is the backward group battle array of triangular lattice;
For dipole antenna unit is little band half-wave dipole class antenna, is respectively equipped with each other the installation elongated slot that is the arrangement of hanging down in " T " shape with the first corresponding section of dual polarization dipole radiation on the conductor reflecting plate;
Little band half-wave dipole class antenna element that being each other hangs down in " T " shape is provided with is fixed on the conductor reflecting plate through elongated slot is installed;
Pass each little band half-wave dipole class antenna element and be provided with conductor wire, conductor wire will be installed elongated slot and be divided into segment segmentation short circuit, and every segment is installed elongated slot length less than λ
H/ 3;
λ
HBe the high-end free space wavelength of operating frequency.
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| CN2008101966964A CN101364672B (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2008-09-17 | Wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array |
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| CN2008101966964A CN101364672B (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2008-09-17 | Wideband dual-linear polarization bipole antenna array |
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| CN101364672B true CN101364672B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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| US10892549B1 (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-01-12 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Phased-array antenna system |
| CN112531352A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-19 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | Broadband multi-polarization plane reflective array antenna |
| CN113540755B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-13 | 西安电子科技大学 | 5G dual-polarized base station antenna with high isolation characteristic and wide-angle scanning characteristic |
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