CN101360586B - 扭矩限制器 - Google Patents

扭矩限制器 Download PDF

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CN101360586B
CN101360586B CN2007800015467A CN200780001546A CN101360586B CN 101360586 B CN101360586 B CN 101360586B CN 2007800015467 A CN2007800015467 A CN 2007800015467A CN 200780001546 A CN200780001546 A CN 200780001546A CN 101360586 B CN101360586 B CN 101360586B
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CN101360586A (zh
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彼得·维特
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Stryker European Operations Holdings LLC
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Strick Joma Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D43/00—Automatic clutches
    • F16D43/02—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically
    • F16D43/20—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure
    • F16D43/202—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure of the ratchet type
    • F16D43/204—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure of the ratchet type with intermediate balls or rollers
    • F16D43/208—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure of the ratchet type with intermediate balls or rollers moving radially between engagement and disengagement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/141—Mechanical overload release couplings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1422—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
    • B25B23/1427—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D7/00—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock
    • F16D7/04—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the ratchet type
    • F16D7/06—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the ratchet type with intermediate balls or rollers
    • F16D7/10—Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock of the ratchet type with intermediate balls or rollers moving radially between engagement and disengagement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/8875—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/031—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety torque limiting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

尤其用于外科手术螺丝刀的扭矩限制器，包括：外部套管(10)，其内壁具有周界沟槽(12)和平行于轴线延伸的凹槽(14)；插入周界沟槽的弹性环(16)；滚动件保持架(20)，其套入外部套管，且具有与凹槽(14)相同数量的滚动件狭槽(18)，并具有平行于轴线延伸并贯通外部套管上的凹槽的头端(28)，头端比凹槽的宽度窄，从而使得滚动件保持架相对于外部套管转动一个角度，直到头端的两侧轻推抵靠凹槽的两侧为止；插入滚动件狭槽的滚动件(22)；内部套管(24)，其套入滚动件保持架且其外壁具有与滚动件狭槽相同数量的、平行于轴线延伸的V形槽口(26)；以及，头端将滚动件保持架和外部套管之间的相对扭转限制在第一容纳位置和第二容纳位置之间，在第一容纳位置，此时外部套管沿扭转方向转动，头端传递扭矩且位于内部套管上的槽口内的各滚动件与各凹槽对准，并在达到最大可传递扭矩时各滚动件从槽口进入凹槽并压入弹性环，而在第二容纳位置，此时通过转动松开外部套管，滚动件改变相对于外部套管上的凹槽的位置并在弹性环的压力下返回到槽口内。

Description

扭矩限制器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种扭矩限制器，具体涉及一种适于限制外科手术螺丝刀的扭矩的扭矩限制器。
背景技术
从DE60004376T2得知这样一种用于外科手术的螺丝刀。扭矩限制器的结构非常复杂。
发明内容
本发明基于使用简单机构形成扭矩限制器的任务。
本发明通过以下来实现该目的：外部套管，所述外部套管的内壁具有至少一个周界沟槽和平行于轴线延伸的多个凹槽；插入所述至少一个周界沟槽的一个或多个弹性环；一个滚动件保持架，所述滚动件保持架套入所述外部套管，且具有与凹槽相同数量的滚动件狭槽，所述滚动件保持架具有平行于轴线延伸并贯通外部套管上的凹槽的多个头端，所述头端比凹槽的宽度窄，从而使得所述滚动件保持架相对于外部套管转动一个角度，直到所述头端的两侧轻推抵靠所述凹槽的两侧为止；插入所述滚动件狭槽的多个滚动件；内部套管，所述内部套管套入所述滚动件保持架且所述内部套管的外壁具有与滚动件狭槽相同数量的、平行于所述轴线延伸的V形槽口；以及，所述头端将所述滚动件保持架和所述外部套管之间的相对扭转限制在第一容纳位置和第二容纳位置之间，在所述第一容纳位置，此时所述外部套管沿扭转方向转动，所述头端传递扭矩且位于所述内部套管上的所述槽口内的所述各滚动件与所述各凹槽对准，并在达到最大可传递扭矩时所述各滚动件从所述槽口进入所述所述凹槽并压入所述弹性环，而在所述第二容纳位置，此时通过转动松开所述外部套管，套入所述内部套管上的所述槽口的所述滚动件改变相对于所述外部套管上的所述凹槽的位置并在所述弹性环的压力下返回到所述槽口内。
替代性设计包括：内部套管，所述内部套管的外壁具有至少一个周界沟槽和平行于轴线延伸的多个凹槽；插入所述至少一个周界沟槽的一个或多个弹性环；与所述内部套管相邻的滚动件保持架，所述滚动件保持架具有与所述凹槽相同数量的狭槽，所述滚动件保持架具有平行于轴线延伸并贯通内部套管上的凹槽的多个头端，所述头端比凹槽的宽度窄，从而使得所述滚动件保持架相对于内部套管转动一个角度，直到所述头端的两侧轻推抵靠所述凹槽的两侧为止；插入所述滚动件保持架的所述狭槽内的多个滚动件；与所述滚动件保持架相邻的外部套管，所述外部套管的内壁具有与所述滚动件狭槽数量相同的平行于所述轴线延伸的V形槽口；所述头端将所述滚动件保持架和所述内部套管之间的相对扭转限制在第一容纳位置和第二容纳位置之间，在所述第一容纳位置，此时所述外部套管沿扭转方向转动，位于所述外部套管的所述槽口内的所述滚动件与所述凹槽对准，并在达到最大可传递扭矩时所述滚动件从所述槽口进入所述凹槽并压入所述弹性环，而在所述第二容纳位置，此时通过转动松开所述外部套管，所述滚动件改变相对于凹槽的位置并在所述弹性环的压力下返回到所述槽口内。
滚动件通过滚动件保持架相对于凹槽的运动来操作，以形成进入平行于轴线延伸的凹槽的贯穿性头端。
扭矩限制器可具有滚针形式的滚动件，滚动件可包括销或圆柱体。
一个或多个弹性环较佳地包括由弹性材料制成的一个或多个O形环。
附图说明
以下将参照附图解释本发明，附图示出：
图1    扭矩限制器的视图，
图2    沿图1的线A-A的剖视图，
图3    沿图1的线B-B的剖视图，
图4    沿图1的线B-B(没有内部套管)在旋转位置的剖视图，
图5    沿图1的线B-B的剖视图(没有内部套管和滚动件保持架)以及
图6    与图4相同的视图，但示出了松开的位置。
具体实施方式
扭矩限制器包括外部套管10，通过该外部套管10将旋转力施加到扭矩限制器上。外部套管10的内壁具有至少一个周界沟槽12和平行于轴线延伸而与沟槽成直角的多个凹槽14。弹性O形环16插入各沟槽12。
外部套管包括滚动件保持架20，该滚动件保持架20具有与凹槽14相同数量的滚动件狭槽18。能够径向运动的滚动件22套入各滚动件狭槽18。
滚动件保持架20具有平行于轴线延伸并贯通外部套管10上也平行于轴线延伸的凹槽14的一定数量的头端28；这些头端28比凹槽14的宽度窄，从而使得滚动件保持架20相对于外部套管转动一个角度，直到头端28的两侧轻推抵靠凹槽14的两侧为止。
滚动件保持架20具有螺丝刀(未示出)的轴可插入的内部套管24。内部套管24的外壁具有滚动件22可进入的V形槽口26。
在第一容纳位置(沿扭转方向转动外部套管10时)滚动件22与凹槽14对准。抵靠凹槽壁之一设置的头端28将扭矩从外部套管10传递到滚动件保持架20。在实现最大可传递扭矩时，滚动件22离开内部套管24内的V形槽口26并压入外部套管10的凹槽14内的弹性环16。该位置不允许有内部套管24和外部套管10之间伴随滚动件保持架20的任何扭矩传递；因此不可能有其它扭矩。
在第二容纳位置(在转动外部套管以将其松开时)容纳在内部套管24的槽口26内的滚动件22改变相对于外部套管10的凹槽的位置。滚动件在O形环16的压力下返回到槽口26内。现抵靠凹槽的另一壁放置的头端28实现从外部套管到滚动件保持架的扭矩传递，且因此实现外部套管和内部套管之间的扭矩传递。
通过选择具有所要求的肖氏硬度的O形环或根据所插入的滚动件的数量来确定最大扭矩。
在未示出的替代性设计中凹槽和弹性环设置在内部套管内，而槽口设置在外部套管内。

Claims (4)

1.用于外科手术螺丝刀的扭矩限制器，其特征在于，包括：
-外部套管(10)，所述外部套管(10)的内壁具有至少一个周界沟槽(12)和平行于轴线延伸的多个凹槽(14)；
-插入所述至少一个周界沟槽(12)的一个或多个弹性环(16)；
-一个滚动件保持架(20)，所述滚动件保持架(20)套入所述外部套管(10)，且具有与凹槽(14)相同数量的滚动件狭槽(18)，所述滚动件保持架(20)具有平行于轴线延伸并贯通外部套管(10)上的凹槽(14)的多个头端(28)，所述头端(28)比凹槽(14)的宽度窄，从而使得所述滚动件保持架(20)相对于外部套管转动一个角度，直到所述头端(28)的两侧轻推抵靠所述凹槽(14)的两侧为止；
-插入所述滚动件狭槽(18)的多个滚动件(22)；
-内部套管(24)，所述内部套管套入所述滚动件保持架(20)且所述内部套管的外壁具有与滚动件狭槽(18)相同数量的、平行于所述轴线延伸的V形槽口(26)；以及
-所述头端(28)将所述滚动件保持架(20)和所述外部套管(10)之间的相对扭转限制在第一容纳位置和第二容纳位置之间，在所述第一容纳位置，此时所述外部套管(10)沿扭转方向转动，所述头端(28)传递扭矩且所述各滚动件(22)与所述各凹槽(14)对准，并在达到最大可传递扭矩时位于所述内部套管(24)上的所述槽口(26)内的所述各滚动件(22)从所述槽口(26)进入所述凹槽(14)并压入所述弹性环(16)，而在所述第二容纳位置，此时通过转动松开所述外部套管，所述滚动件(22)改变相对于所述外部套管(10)上的所述凹槽(14)的位置并在所述弹性环(16)的压力下返回到所述槽口(26)内。
2.用于外科手术螺丝刀的扭矩限制器，其特征在于，包括：
-内部套管，所述内部套管的外壁具有至少一个周界沟槽和平行于轴线延伸的多个凹槽；
-插入所述至少一个周界沟槽的一个或多个弹性环；
-与所述内部套管相邻的滚动件保持架，所述滚动件保持架具有与所述凹槽相同数量的狭槽，所述滚动件保持架具有平行于轴线延伸并贯通内部套管上的凹槽的多个头端，所述头端比凹槽的宽度窄，从而使得所述滚动件保持架相对于内部套管转动一个角度，直到所述头端的两侧轻推抵靠所述凹槽的两侧为止；
-插入所述滚动件保持架的所述狭槽内的多个滚动件；
-与所述滚动件保持架相邻的外部套管，所述外部套管的内壁具有与所述滚动件狭槽数量相同的平行于所述轴线延伸的V形槽口；
-所述头端将所述滚动件保持架和所述内部套管之间的相对扭转限制在第一容纳位置和第二容纳位置之间，在所述第一容纳位置，此时所述外部套管沿扭转方向转动，位于所述外部套管的所述槽口内的所述滚动件与所述凹槽对准，并在达到最大可传递扭矩时所述滚动件从所述槽口进入所述凹槽并压入所述弹性环，而在所述第二容纳位置，此时通过转动松开所述外部套管，所述滚动件改变相对于凹槽的位置并在所述弹性环的压力下返回到所述槽口内。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的扭矩限制器，其特征在于，所述扭矩限制器具有滚针形式的滚动件(22)。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的扭矩限制器，其特征在于，所述扭矩限制器具有由弹性材料制成的O形环组成的弹性环。
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AT (1) ATE448914T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2007224888B2 (zh)
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DE (2) DE202006004027U1 (zh)
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US3277670A (en) * 1963-09-24 1966-10-11 Standard Pneumatic Motor Compa Automatic release pneumatic tool
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EP1996371A1 (de) 2008-12-03
US20110042176A1 (en) 2011-02-24
EP1996371B1 (de) 2009-11-18
JP5227188B2 (ja) 2013-07-03
CA2637284C (en) 2011-08-23
CN101360586A (zh) 2009-02-04
ATE448914T1 (de) 2009-12-15
DE202006004027U1 (de) 2006-06-01
ES2336620T3 (es) 2010-04-14
AU2007224888A1 (en) 2007-09-20
US9169882B2 (en) 2015-10-27
JP2009524528A (ja) 2009-07-02
DE502007002048D1 (de) 2009-12-31
WO2007104296A1 (de) 2007-09-20
AU2007224888B2 (en) 2011-10-06
CA2637284A1 (en) 2007-09-20

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