CN101358293B - Feeding method for smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore - Google Patents
Feeding method for smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN101358293B CN101358293B CN2008101324638A CN200810132463A CN101358293B CN 101358293 B CN101358293 B CN 101358293B CN 2008101324638 A CN2008101324638 A CN 2008101324638A CN 200810132463 A CN200810132463 A CN 200810132463A CN 101358293 B CN101358293 B CN 101358293B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feeding method for smelting silicon-magnesium laterite, which comprises the following steps: a) coke and/or anthracite is put into a blast furnace (101); b) furnace burden are put into the blast furnace (101) to be covered on the coke and/or anthracite, the furnace burdens comprise lumps and fusing agent, and the lumps comprise silicon-magnesium laterite and vulcanizing agent. After the silicon-magnesium laterite and the vulcanizing agent are directly made into the lumps and then are put into the blast furnace, the lumps are dried and roasted in the blast furnace so that most of free water and crystal water in the lumps is removed, a large number of holes are left, and thus the ventilation property is improved. Matte formation reaction can be carried out more completely under the condition of fully contact of the silicon-magnesium laterite with the vulcanizing agent. In the invention, the coke and/or anthracite, the fusing agent and the lumps are further added from the center of the top of the blast furnace to facilitate the large lumps to flow to the side wall of a furnace body, and thus the blast furnace can keep the good ventilation to avoid furnace accretion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to smelt the feeding method of ore, be specifically related to a kind of feeding method of smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore.
Background technology
Nickel is widely used in fields such as stainless steel, plating, battery owing to having excellent mechanical intensity, ductility and very high chemical stability.Can two classes be arranged for the nickel resources of development and use at present, a class is a nickel oxide ore, also claims red soil nickel ore, and another kind of is nickel sulfide ore.About 1.6 hundred million tons of the explored nickel resources in the whole world, wherein 30% is that nickel sulfide ore, 70% is red soil nickel ore, the nickel product has 60% to come from sulphide ores approximately.Yet the world can be for the nickelous sulfide resource of recent development, and except the nickel minerals of Canadian Wo Yisi gulf (Voisey bay), all the other are very few, and nickelous sulfide resource exploration cycle and construction period are all longer, and development and utilization is difficulty relatively.And the red soil nickel ore aboundresources, mining cost is low, and it is ripe that smelting technology is tending towards, and can produce multiple intermediates such as nickel oxide, sulphur nickel, ferronickel, and mineral resources is convenient to transportation by the sea.Therefore, the development and use red soil nickel ore has great importance.
Red soil nickel ore is the loose argillaceous ore that hydrous oxides such as iron, magnesium, silicon are formed, by nickeliferous rock decay, soak pouring, alteration, enrichment and form.Existing explored red soil nickel ore resource is distributed in south, the tropic of Cancer one band more, as Australia, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Indonesia, Philippines and Cuba and other places.Red soil nickel ore can be divided into two types, and a kind of is the limonite type, is positioned at the top in mineral deposit, and iron height, nickel are low, and silicon magnesium is lower, but cobalt contents is higher, and this ore should adopt hydrometallurgical processes to handle, and extracts the production that slag that ferronickel produces is used for iron.Another kind is a noumeite, is positioned at the bottom in mineral deposit, and silicon, Mg content are higher, and iron, cobalt contents are lower, but nickel content is higher, and this ore should adopt fire metallurgy process to handle.Generally contain 30%～45% water in the raw ore of laterite, wherein crystal water accounts for 10%～15%, and outside dewatering, its major ingredient of dried ore deposit of above-mentioned two types laterite can see Table 1, and the component content of being mentioned all is a weight ratio herein.
Two kinds of ore deposits of table 1 red soil nickel ore type main component (%)
At present, the pyrometallurgical smelting process of silicium magnesium laterite ore has ferronickel technology and two kinds of operational paths of nickel sulphur technology, and main melting equipment has rotary kiln, electric furnace and blast furnace.Wherein, the main products of nickel sulphur technology is a low nickel matte, because it is that height 40% or more is iced nickel that low nickel matte can further prepare nickel content, this product has bigger handiness: directly the general nickel of stainless steel industry is produced in retailoring behind desulfurization with roasting technique, also can be used as the raw material production nickel rondelle and the nickel powder of normal pressure powder base method refining nickel, can also directly cast the plant produced cathode nickel that positive plate send the nickelous sulfide electrorefining.Therefore, nickel sulphur technology smelting red soil nickel ore has good market outlook.
When adopting nickel sulphur technology melting silicium magnesium laterite ore,, obtain low nickel matte and slag, flue dust respectively with silicium magnesium laterite ore and vulcanizing agent mixed smelting.The main technique step of nickel sulphur technology is: earlier silicium magnesium laterite ore is made it to become agglomerate through free-water and the crystal water that super-dry, roasting are removed wherein successively, then the silicium magnesium laterite ore after the roasting and additive, vulcanizing agent are added together electric furnace or blast furnace and carry out melting and obtain low nickel matte.Because electric furnace cost height and consume electric power are many, therefore adopt this equipment to carry out nickel sulphur technology and smelt the cost that laterite can increase enterprise.
Because the blast furnace less investment, use cost is low, is fit to China's actual conditions, therefore use the blast furnace smelting laterite to become the preferred of the many enterprises of China, under prior art, silicium magnesium laterite ore needs further screening, fragmentation after free-water and crystal water are removed in super-dry, roasting.When feeding intake, the laterite after the roasting is dropped into blast furnace with flux, vulcanizing agent as furnace charge and coke.The subject matter of prior art is complex process, and vulcanizing agent can not carry out melting reaction when dropping into blast furnace separately fully, so the rate of recovery low (being up to 85%), nickel content higher (can up to more than 0.5%) in the slag.
Therefore, need a kind ofly can help the feeding method that vulcanizing agent and laterite are made the smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore of sulfonium and slag making reaction.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is, a kind of feeding method that vulcanizing agent and laterite are made the smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore that sulfonium and slag making react that helps is provided.
For solving above technical problem, the invention provides the method that a kind of smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore feeds intake, comprise step:
A) coke and/or hard coal are dropped into blast furnace (101);
B) furnace charge is dropped into blast furnace (101), cover on described coke and/or the hard coal, described furnace charge comprises agglomerate and flux, and described agglomerate comprises silicium magnesium laterite ore and vulcanizing agent.
Preferably, described step b) comprises:
B1) flux is dropped into blast furnace (101), cover on described coke and/or the hard coal, described flux is Wingdale or unslaked lime, and/or quartzite;
B2) the described agglomerate of being made by silicium magnesium laterite ore and vulcanizing agent is dropped into blast furnace, cover on the described flux.
According to the present invention, use the equipment of blast furnace as the melting low nickel matte, this is because blast furnace smelting has advantages such as less investment, construction period be short, simple to operate, easy to control, and compare with electric furnace, cost is lower, and for blast furnace, the present invention is also without particular limitation.
Herein, described fuel is used to melting reaction that thermal source is provided, and can be coke or coke and anthracitic mixture.Because the coke strenth height, impurity is few, good permeability, and thermal value is big, therefore selects the coke preferred material for use.But coke price is higher than hard coal far away, therefore in order to reduce cost, a part of coke can be replaced acting as a fuel together with hard coal.Coke and anthracitic weight ratio are 10: 1～5: 1 in the fuel, and the hard coal too high levels in the fuel then is unfavorable for melting reaction.The fixed carbon content of the coke of selecting for use is at least 80%, and preferred, the fixed carbon content of coke is more than 85%.In order to help the abundant burning of coke, the granularity of coke is 40mm～160mm; Preferably, the granularity 60mm of coke～120mm, coke size is too small, can reduce the ventilation property in the blast furnace.In order to guarantee the temperature in the blast furnace, need an amount of fuel of supply.Among the present invention, the weight percent that fuel accounts for furnace charge can be 20%～30%, and preferred, the weight percent that the fuel agent accounts for furnace charge is 22%～27%.
The central principle of making sulfonium and slag making reaction is to make the nickel in the laterite generate sulfide (sulfonium) and other compositions are generated and the segregative slag of sulfide, owing to the proportion of sulfonium and slag is different, is divided into slag after the melting and sulfonium is two-layer, then sulfonium is separated with slag.The composition of sulfonium is mainly with Ni
3S
2The sulfide that the FeS form exists, the major ingredient of slag is with FeOSiO
2, CaOSiO
2, MgOSiO
2Etc. the silicate oxide of form existence and the oxide compound of other micro-metalss.The content of several compositions is for having material impact separating of slag and sulfonium in the slag, for example, calcium oxide in the furnace charge all can have considerable influence for fusing point, proportion and viscosity, the content of other oxide compound such as ferric oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon-dioxide has also determined to make sulfonium and can the slag making reaction be carried out smoothly, and whether sulfonium and slag be easily separated, and determine the rate of recovery of final nickel.Therefore need to select proper raw material proportioning to carry out melting reaction to obtain segregative slag and sulfonium.
So among the present invention, the SiO in the furnace charge
2Weight: Fe weight: CaO+MgO weight: S weight is 20～40: 5～15: 15～30: 1～10; Preferably, the SiO in the furnace charge
2Weight: Fe weight: CaO+MgO weight: S weight is 20～35: 5～15: 15～30: 1～10; Preferred, the SiO in the furnace charge
2Weight: Fe weight: CaO+MgO weight: S weight is 20～40: 5～15: 15～30: 1～10; Preferred, the SiO in the furnace charge
2Weight: Fe weight: CaO+MgO weight: S weight is 25～35: 8～15: 15～26: 1～10.
During smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore,, therefore need to add the material that contains S in addition and contain the material of Ca as additive because Ca content and S content in the silicium magnesium laterite ore are low.In addition, the composition difference in the Different Silicon magnesium laterite nickel mine is also bigger, sometimes Fe content and SiO
2Content is low, does not reach the requirement of above-mentioned raw materials proportioning, therefore as Fe element and SiO
2When content does not reach above the requirement, also need to replenish Fe element and SiO
2When above element is replenished,, can replenish simultaneously above two or more element according to the suitable material of the one-tenth component selections of silicium magnesium laterite ore for feed proportioning optimization technology.According to the present invention, can adopt the sulphur concentrate to replenish Fe and S simultaneously as vulcanizing agent, also can adopt terra alba to replenish Ca and S simultaneously as vulcanizing agent, adopt Wingdale or unslaked lime to replenish Ca separately as flux, adopt quartzite to replenish SiO separately as flux
2Preferably, at first select and to replenish the material of two kinds of elements simultaneously as vulcanizing agent according to the raw ore composition, promptly at first select sulphur concentrate and/or terra alba as vulcanizing agent, and then select the material of independent complementary element/composition, promptly select Wingdale and/or unslaked lime, quartz sand as flux.When adding gypsum,, then needn't replenish Ca in addition separately if satisfy above requirement through the Ca that calculates in the furnace charge.In addition, if the SiO in the raw silicon magnesium laterite nickel mine
2Content satisfy proportioning raw materials, do not need other SiO yet
2After being ready to additive according to above proportioning raw materials, get raw material ready as furnace charge, furnace charge among the present invention is meant participates in the solid matter of making sulfonium and slag making reaction except that fuel in the blast furnace, described herein additive refers to replenish the material of above-mentioned element, comprise vulcanizing agent and flux, described vulcanizing agent refers to replenish the additive of S, and described flux refers to the additive except containing the S material.
Because laterite belongs to loam mould ore deposit soil, when adopting blast furnace to carry out melting, if particle is too much, air resistance increases in the blast furnace, is unfavorable for the circulation of gas, may cause fuel fully not burn, the tuyere zone temperature does not reach requirement, can not successfully carry out melting reaction.In addition, if gas communication is not smooth in the blast furnace, heat-transfer effect is poor, can not well carry out melting reaction.In order to help the carrying out of melting reaction, the present invention makes the agglomerate with certain intensity with silicium magnesium laterite ore raw ore and vulcanizing agent, described vulcanizing agent comprises sulphur concentrate and/or terra alba, silicium magnesium laterite green ore as herein described is meant the silicium magnesium laterite ore that directly collects, and promptly wherein contains 10%～15% crystal water and 10%～20% free-water.
In order to make agglomerate in blast furnace, keep air permeability and good, silicium magnesium laterite ore raw ore and vulcanizing agent are made the agglomerate that intensity is 4MPa～12MPa, preferred, make the agglomerate that intensity is 5MPa～10MPa.The density of agglomerate is 1.5g/cm
3～3g/cm
3, preferred, the density of agglomerate is 1.8g/cm
3～2.5g/cm
3, the granularity of agglomerate is 60mm～120mm.Because the temperature of blast furnace reduces to furnace roof district temperature gradually from tuyere zone, for example the temperature at tuyere zone can reach 1600 ℃ greatly, temperature at the furnace roof place is 200 ℃～500 ℃, a base from furnace roof when tuyere zone descends, agglomerate is successively through super-dry and roasting, can successively get rid of free-water and crystal water in the agglomerate, and agglomerate intensity behind oversintering can be further improved.After the agglomerate dehydration, a large amount of holes after agglomerate inside can stay moisture removal, obviously, these porositys can make the inside of agglomerate keep air permeability and good, help the transmission of heat and reaction medium, therefore can carry out slag making fully and make the sulfonium reaction.For the method for briquetting, the present invention is also without particular limitation, can use brick press briquetting.
After making agglomerate, in blast furnace, pack into agglomerate, additive, fuel.When filling with substance at first needs fuel is put into blast furnace, drops into additive then on fuel, and additive is at first melted, and puts into agglomerate at last.Is example to add gypsum as vulcanizing agent, and the principal reaction of fusion process is:
CaSO
4+4C+2O
2＝CaS+4CO
2 (1)
FeO+CaS＝FeS+CaO (2)
MeO+SiO
2＝MeO·SiO
2 (3)
MeO is FeO, CaO, MgO, NiO
6NiS＝2Ni
3S
2+2S (5)
Ni
3S
2+FeS＝Ni
3S
2·FeS (6)
The slag making reaction of formula (3) for carrying out; (4)～formula (6) is that the sulfonium of making that mainly carries out reacts.As seen the main component in the slag is: FeOSiO
2, CaOSiO
2, MgOSiO
2And the oxide compound of other micro-metalss; The major ingredient of low nickel matte is: Ni
3S
2FeS etc.In reaction (4), the sulfonium reaction has taken place to make and has generated low nickel matte in NiS, and NiOSiO
2Be used to produce slag, thereby when the nickel content in the low nickel matte improved, the nickel content in the slag can improve also, and the rate of recovery is descended.Can see also that from above reaction need provide enough element sulphurs to come to generate Iron sulfuret with iron, sulfonium is made in assurance and the slag making successful reaction is carried out.
Since laterite be by nickeliferous rock through weathering, soak the clay situation soil that pouring, alteration, enrichment form and the mixture of ore, the silicone content in the bigger ore of granularity is than silicone content height in the less ore deposit soil of granularity, and the intensity height.Therefore, after the present invention further adopts laterite the aperture to be the sieve of 40mm～100mm, the laterite of small particle size and vulcanizing agent are made the agglomerate that intensity and granularity meet above-mentioned requirements, the laterite of big particle diameter is crushed to particle diameter after below the 100mm, adds blast furnace with described agglomerate again.For the order that adds blast furnace, can earlier the laterite after the fragmentation be put into blast furnace, will put into agglomerate again, this is because through broken laterite part silicone content height, the fusing point height, therefore heat that need be a large amount of could be carried out melting reaction fully with this part after temperature is improved.
According to the present invention, the low nickel matte of preparation comprises the Ni of following composition: 8wt% (weight percent)～20wt%, the Fe of 40wt%～65wt%, the S of 15wt%～30wt%, the Co of 0.1wt%～0.5wt%; Preferably, low nickel matte comprises the Ni of 9wt%～16wt%, the Fe of 50wt%～65wt%, the S of 18wt%～25wt%, the Co of 0.1wt%～0.5wt%.
According to the present invention, the low nickel matte slag comprises the Fe of 5wt%～15wt%, the SiO of 35wt%～45wt%
2, the CaO+MgO of 20wt%～30wt%; Preferably, the low nickel matte slag comprises the Fe of 7wt%～15wt%, the SiO of 35wt%～45wt%
2, the CaO+MgO of 20wt%～30wt%.
The invention provides the method that a kind of smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore feeds intake.The present invention puts into blast furnace with coke and/or hard coal earlier, puts into flux and agglomerate then successively, and described agglomerate is made by silicium magnesium laterite ore and vulcanizing agent.After the present invention directly makes silicium magnesium laterite ore and vulcanizing agent agglomerate and puts into blast furnace, after wherein most free-water and crystal water are removed in agglomerate drying and roasting in blast furnace, stay a large amount of holes, ventilation property strengthens, laterite and vulcanizing agent make and make more abundant that the sulfonium reaction carries out under situation about fully contacting.
The present invention further adds coke and/or hard coal, flux and the agglomerate furnace roof center from blast furnace, helps the sidewall that bulk flows to shaft, makes blast furnace keep good ventilation, avoids producing furnace accretion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a feeding method synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just to further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
See also Fig. 1, be the used blast furnace synoptic diagram of the present invention, blast furnace 101 comprises furnace roof 101a, the center of furnace roof 101a has columniform charging opening, what link to each other with furnace roof is that shaft 101b, furnace roof and shaft comprise watercooling jacket 101f, flue dust outlet 101e is arranged on the sidewall of furnace roof, that shaft 101b below links to each other is cupola well 101c, in the position in succession of shaft and cupola well some blast orifice 101d are arranged, cupola well 101c comprises the slag outlet 101h of sidewall top and the low nickel matte outlet 101g of sidewall below.In order to reach purpose of the present invention, when reinforced, earlier coke is placed in the blast furnace, after coke, in blast furnace, put into flux, put into agglomerate at last.In order to guarantee the well-ventilated of blast furnace, every kind of raw material sending into all is blocky, therefore when several raw materials are added fashionable (shown in arrow the figure) from the center of furnace roof 101a, big blocky raw material can slide to shaft around, little blocky raw material is in the position near the center, be blown into because wind is the side from shaft, big blocky raw material can guarantee the unobstructed smoothly of wind, avoids little bulk to produce furnace accretion on the sidewall of shaft.
According to the present invention, the method of calculation of the rate of recovery of nickel herein are the weight percent that the nickel content in the low nickel matte accounts for the nickel content in the raw material, for example, when calculating the rate of recovery of low nickel matte the ratio of nickel weight in the low nickel matte and the nickel weight in the used laterite is the rate of recovery of low nickel matte, the present invention group's base density can adopt drainage to measure, be about to agglomerate and be placed in the cup that is filled with water, measure the volume v of agglomerate, promptly obtain the density of agglomerate again with the quality m of volume v removal agglomerate.Agglomerate intensity method is herein carried out with reference to the GB/T50081-2002 method.
For better relatively invention effect, in following comparative example and embodiment, use identical fuel and additive.
Coke: fixed carbon content is 85wt.%, and particle diameter is 60mm～100mm;
Hard coal: fixed carbon content is 80wt%, and particle diameter is 60mm～100mm;
Terra alba: CaO content is 42wt%, and S content is 24wt%;
Wingdale: CaO content is 53.5wt%, and particle diameter is 40mm～50mm;
The sulphur concentrate: Fe content is 52wt%, and S content is 31wt%.
Embodiment 1
Laterite R in the present embodiment
1Its water-content is 33.5%, and other the outer composition that dewaters is referring to table 2.
Get the laterite R of 150 weight parts
1Through the aperture be obtain respectively after the sieve of 40mm the piece footpath less than the first mass parts M1 of 40mm and piece footpath greater than the second mass parts M2 of 40mm, the second mass parts M2 is crushed to the fragment of granularity less than 80mm; The terra alba of getting 18.3 weight parts is again made adobe with being placed on after the first mass parts M1 mixes in the brick press, measure green strength and density and list in table 3.
The Wingdale of getting 4.1 weight parts is as flux.
Charge composition is the laterite of 150 weight parts, the terra alba of 18.3 weight parts and the Wingdale of 4.0 weight parts.
During melting, with the speed of 0.8tph (ton/hour) described furnace charge is sent into blast furnace, with 0.2tph coke is sent into blast furnace and react, the air quantity that air is sent into blast furnace is 70m
3/ (m
2Min) (cubic meter/square metre minute).During charging, put into coke earlier, be followed successively by Wingdale, the second mass parts M then
2Fragment after the fragmentation, adobe.After the reaction, from blast furnace, discharge the low nickel matte and the slag of following composition:
Low nickel matte: 12.3wt%Ni, 60.1wt%Fe, 23.2wt%S;
Slag: 0.102wt%Ni, 42wt%SiO
2, 8.5wt%Fe, 9.8wt%CaO, 20wt%MgO.
The quantity of the low nickel matte of being produced is 83kg/ laterite per ton, and the rate of recovery of nickel is 91%, and the bed ability is 43t/m
2D.(ton/square metre sky)
Embodiment 2
Laterite R in the present embodiment
2Its water-content is 31%, and other the outer composition that dewaters is referring to table 2.
Get the laterite R of 145 weight parts
2Through the aperture be obtain respectively after the sieve of 50mm the piece footpath less than the first mass parts M1 of 40mm and piece footpath greater than the second mass parts M2 of 40mm, the second mass parts M2 is crushed to the fragment of granularity less than 80mm; The terra alba of getting 16.7 weight parts is again made adobe with being placed on after the first mass parts M1 mixes in the brick press, measure green strength and density and list in table 3.
The Wingdale of getting 0.7 weight part is as flux.
Charge composition is the laterite of 145 weight parts, the terra alba of 16.7 weight parts and the Wingdale of 0.3 weight part.
During melting, with the speed of 0.8tph (ton/hour) described furnace charge is sent into blast furnace, with 0.2tph coke is sent into blast furnace and react, the air quantity that air is sent into blast furnace is 70m
3/ (m
2Min).During charging, put into coke earlier, be followed successively by Wingdale, the second mass parts M then
2Fragment after the fragmentation, adobe.After the reaction, from blast furnace, discharge the low nickel matte and the slag of following composition:
Low nickel matte: 11.3wt%Ni, 61.3wt%Fe, 21.3wt%S;
Slag: 0.098wt%Ni, 39.6wt%SiO
2, 12.4wt%Fe, 8.5wt%CaO, 20.1wt%MgO.
The quantity of the low nickel matte of being produced is 104kg ton/laterite per ton, and the rate of recovery of nickel is 92%, and the bed ability is 43t/m
2D.(ton/square metre sky)
Embodiment 3
Laterite R in the present embodiment
3Its water-content is 35.5%, and other the outer composition that dewaters is referring to table 2.
Get the laterite R of 155 weight parts
3Through the aperture be obtain respectively after the sieve of 40mm the piece footpath less than the first mass parts M1 of 40mm and piece footpath greater than the second mass parts M2 of 40mm, the second mass parts M2 is crushed to the fragment of granularity less than 80mm; The terra alba of getting 20.3 weight parts is again made adobe with being placed on after the first mass parts M1 mixes in the brick press, measure green strength and density and list in table 3.
Charge composition is the laterite of 150 weight parts, the terra alba of 20.3 weight parts.
During melting, with the speed of 0.8tph (ton/hour) described furnace charge is sent into blast furnace, with 0.2tph coke is sent into blast furnace and react, the air quantity that air is sent into blast furnace is 70m
3/ (m
2Min).During charging, put into coke earlier, the second mass parts M
2Fragment after the fragmentation, adobe.After the reaction, from blast furnace, discharge the low nickel matte and the slag of following composition:
Low nickel matte: 15.4wt%Ni, 62.1wt%Fe, 23.4wt%S;
Slag: 0.097wt%Ni, 38.5wt%SiO
2, 8.3wt%Fe, 6.5wt%CaO, 20.7wt%MgO.
The quantity of the low nickel matte of being produced is 66.5kg/ laterite per ton, and the rate of recovery of nickel is 91%, and the bed ability is 43t/m
2D.(ton/square metre sky)
Embodiment 4
Laterite R in the present embodiment
4Its water-content is 32.4%, and other the outer composition that dewaters is referring to table 2.
Get the laterite R of 148 weight parts
4Through the aperture be obtain respectively after the sieve of 40mm the piece footpath less than the first mass parts M1 of 40mm and piece footpath greater than the second mass parts M2 of 40mm, the second mass parts M2 is crushed to the fragment of granularity less than 80mm; The sulphur concentrate of getting 11.5 weight parts is again made adobe with being placed on after the first mass parts M1 mixes in the brick press, measure green strength and density and list in table 3.
The Wingdale of getting 13.1 weight parts is as flux.
Charge composition is the laterite of 148 weight parts, the sulphur concentrate of 11.5 weight parts and the Wingdale of 13.1 weight parts.
During melting, speed with 0.8tph (ton/hour) is sent described furnace charge into blast furnace, with 0.2tph coke and anthracitic mixture being sent into blast furnace reacts, coke and anthracitic weight ratio are 19: 1 in described coke and the anthracitic mixture, and the air quantity that air is sent into blast furnace is 70m
3/ (m
2Min).During charging, put into coke and hard coal earlier, be followed successively by Wingdale, the second mass parts M then
2Get fragment, adobe after the fragmentation.Behind the melting reaction, from blast furnace, discharge the low nickel matte and the slag of following composition:
Low nickel matte: 11.45wt%Ni, 63.5wt%Fe, 20.5wt%S;
Slag: 0.094wt%Ni, 41.3wt%SiO
2, 12.1wt%Fe, 7.2wt%CaO, 19.2wt%MgO.
The quantity of the low nickel matte of being produced is 94kg/ laterite per ton, and the rate of recovery of nickel is 90%, and the bed ability is 43t/m
2D.(ton/square metre sky)
Comparative example 1
Get the laterite R of 150 weight parts
1At 200 ℃ of dry moisture of removing, more dried laterite is obtained the laterite agglomerate 550 ℃～750 ℃ roastings, it is 60mm～100mm that the laterite agglomerate after the roasting is crushed to lumpiness.
The sulphur concentrate of getting 20 weight parts is as vulcanizing agent, and the Wingdale of getting 15 weight parts is as slag former.
During melting, with the speed of 0.8tph (ton/hour) described furnace charge is sent into blast furnace, with 0.2tph coke is sent into blast furnace and react, the air quantity that air is sent into blast furnace is 70m
3/ (m
2Min).After the reaction, from blast furnace, discharge the low nickel matte and the slag of following composition:
Low nickel matte: 8.45wt%Ni, 65.5wt%Fe, 28.3wt%S;
Slag: 0.48wt%Ni, 46wt%SiO
2, 12.1wt%Fe, 16wt%CaO, 22wt%MgO.
The quantity of the low nickel matte of being produced is 105kg/ laterite per ton, and the rate of recovery of nickel is 78%.
Main component (weight %) outside table 2, raw silicon magnesium laterite nickel mine dewater
Table 3 embodiment of the invention green strength and density
From above narration as can be seen, after laterite and vulcanizing agent made agglomerate and carry out melting again, can the nickel enrichment in the laterite be obtained low nickel matte with the higher rate of recovery.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the feeding method of a smelting silicium magnesium laterite ore comprises step:
A) coke and/or hard coal are dropped into blast furnace (101);
B1) flux is dropped into blast furnace (101), cover on described coke and/or the hard coal, described flux is Wingdale or unslaked lime, and/or quartzite;
B2) agglomerate that will be made by silicium magnesium laterite ore and vulcanizing agent drops into blast furnace, covers to carry out melting on the described flux and obtain slag;
Described slag comprises the Fe of 5wt%～15wt%, the SiO of 35wt%～45wt%
2, the MgO of 20.7wt%, the CaO of 6.5wt%.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described coke and/or hard coal, flux and agglomerate are to add from furnace roof (101a) center of blast furnace (101).
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described agglomerate also comprises flue dust, and the weight percent of described laterite and flue dust is: 77～82: 2～5.
4. method according to claim 1, the intensity that it is characterized in that described agglomerate is 4MPa～12MPa.
5. method according to claim 1, the density that it is characterized in that described agglomerate is 1.5g/cm
3～3g/cm
3
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step a) coke and hard coal being dropped into blast furnace, and coke and anthracitic weight ratio are: 10～1: 5～1.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described coke and anthracitic granularity are 30mm～120mm.
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